JPH1157522A - Cracker - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a cracker in which material passes through it without trouble or it is easily released from a clogged state by the fed material even when it becomes an overload state. SOLUTION: This cracker includes, in order to crack material, one case 1 and at least one of material cracking elements 6, 7, 8 rotatably installed in the case 1. The case 1 has at least one wall part 11 extending along the rotatable element 7. At least part of the wall part 11 is formed of a device 27 installed movably to the case 1. The moving device 27 is moved between a first position occupied by the device 27 when it is at a normal function position to the rotary elements 7, 8 and a second position occupied by the device 27 when it is moved so as to leave the rotary elements 7, 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention includes a case (an outer plate) and an element (crushing roller) for disassembling a material rotatably mounted in the case, wherein the case is a rotating element. Of a type having at least one wall portion extending along a crushing machine (crushing machine).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A machine of this type has the same applicant's SE-C 4
46 247 (8303168-2). In this known machine, the case is made rigid and on both sides of the rotating element there are fixed walls extending along the rotating element. The fixed wall has at least one bed plate with a cutting mechanism, which can be moved relative to the fixed wall to adjust its position with the rotating element. ing.

[0003] This type of decomposer, when supplied with too much material to be decomposed or with material that is difficult to decompose, can sometimes result in an overload condition. The drive for such a rotating element is
In such an overload state, the motor rotates in the reverse direction to solve the state. Even though the problem of overloading can be solved by this, if the material gets stuck halfway, or if, for example, the material is hard enough to break the rotating element, it is necessary to protect the disassembly device. In addition, it is very difficult to remove the material.
In the case of a known device, when such a situation occurs in an overload condition, the driving device is reversely rotated during the disassembling operation, and such a material is forcibly dropped gradually in the device. It is supposed to. However, in that case, the fall always happens constantly,
Significant damage can occur to parts of the equipment.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to create a disassembly device which functions properly according to the current operating conditions. In particular, if an overload condition occurs,
The aim is to create a machine in which the material easily passes through the device or is easily released from being jammed with the supplied material.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to at least partially form a wall part with a device which is movable with respect to a case, and which device has a normal function for a rotating element. This is achieved by moving between a first position occupying when in position and a second position occupying when the device moves away from the rotating element. Moving the moving device slightly away from the rotating element makes it easier to pass hard-to-degrade material through the interior of the machine. However, according to preferred specifications of the present invention, the fact that the transfer device is in the second position means that there is an opening in the case, through which the clogged or difficult-to-crush material can be opened with the aid of the transfer device. It means that it can be taken out. In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the moving part is fitted with a bed plate cooperating with a rotating element for disassembling the material. Thus, the bedplate follows and moves toward and away from the rotating element as the moving device moves between the two positions. In another specification, the positioning device is made flexible so that the mobile device can move away from the first position when the force on the mobile device exceeds a predetermined value. It is desirable to keep. In this way, no force exceeding the permissible value is applied to the moving device and the bed plate device attached thereto. In a particularly preferred specification of the invention,
The moving device has two or more moving parts. That is, when both moving parts are at least in the first position,
Desirably, both moving parts are designed to mesh with each other with the aid of a meshing mechanism. Formed when the moving device is in the second position if the opening is designed to open widely in a direction transverse to the axis of rotation of the rotating element when the moving device is away from the rotating element The disassembly device can be designed so that the moving device can be removed through the opening to be made.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The decomposition apparatus according to the present invention is suitable for processing a wide variety of coarse or unsorted materials, but can be applied to other decomposition processes. This disassembly device has a case 1. This case has an opening 2 at the top for supplying the material to be disassembled (FIG. 3). This case also has an opening 3 at the bottom for discharging the decomposed material. In addition,
This case 1 also has a gable wall 4 and side walls 5. In this example, in this case, three elements 6, 7,
8 is mounted so that it can rotate.

It is also pointed out that the disassembly device includes a body for supporting the above-mentioned element. The body and case 1 are integrated in a suitable manner. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the body has a body made in a conventional manner from the beam 9, in which case these beams have a wall portion forming the inner wall, ie, The gable wall portion 10 and the side wall portion indicated by symbol 11 in FIG. 3 are attached,
FIG. 3 shows only one of them. Thus, the body and wall shown here form the case 1.

The three rotatable elements 6, 7, 8 have the characteristics of a cylinder or a shaft, the ends of which are rotatably supported inside the gable wall 4, and the elements are a plurality of rotatable elements. It is driven so as to be able to rotate by a suitable motor, of which the element 6,
7 are shown in FIG.
Is attached. Three rotating elements 6, 7, 8
Can also be installed to work together for disassembly purposes in a manner characteristic of the idea set out in European Patent No. 81439. However, it is pointed out that it is not absolutely necessary for the present invention. For example, the upper two elements 6, 7 only operate according to the principles set out in the above-mentioned European patent, while the other elements 8 are arranged in a different arrangement (c
On-figuration) or all rotary elements may be configured to operate on another disassembly principle. In other words, this is the rotation elements 6-8
It is not necessary to have machining mechanisms such as screw threads, but other machining mechanisms, such as flails
It is enough to attach something like a disc or a disk.

Next, the rotating elements 6, 8 will be described as having a cylinder-like characteristic. Desirably, a disassembly zone 14 is formed between the upper two cylinders 6,7, also so that both cylinders rotate and their peripheral parts move down in the processing zone 14. It is desirable to make. The direction of rotation of the cylinder according to the invention is shown in FIG. Another cylinder 8 is located below the disintegration zone 14 in this example, and the cylinder 8 together with the two upper cylinders 6, 7 has a common disintegration zone 17,
18 are formed. The cylinder 8 rotates in the opposite direction indicated by arrows 19,20.

In an application of the function shown in European Patent No. 81539, the upper two cylinders 6, 7 are arranged such that the material in the disassembly zone 14 is almost opposite along the axis of rotation of the cylinders 6, 7. Designed to receive directional forces. For that purpose, thread grooves 21, 22 are provided in the central core of the cylinders 6, 7. These screw grooves 21 and 22 are plate-shaped, and are inclined in opposite directions so that a good disassembling function can be exhibited. The direction of rotation of the cylinders 6, 7 and the direction of the threads can be set such that the threads 21, 22 exert a force on the material in the disassembly zone 14 in the opposite direction. In this example, the cylinders 6 and 7 rotate in directions opposite to each other, but the directions of the thread grooves 21 and 22 of the cylinder are the same. Of course, other variations can be applied.
For example, the cylinders can be driven in the same rotational direction with the screw grooves 21 and 22 having the same groove direction and different rotation speeds. In this example, the lower cylinder 8 also functions according to the principle shown in EP-A-81539.

Accordingly, the cylinder 8 also has a core, and the core has thread grooves 23 and 24. The pitch of each thread groove is distinctly different from each other. As the cylinder 8 rotates in one of the directions indicated by arrows 19, 20, the thread 24 pushes the material present along the cylinder 8 in only one direction depending on the direction of rotation. I do. The same is true for the thread 23, but since the thread has a very large pitch, it applies a relatively small axial force component to the material during the disassembly process. Cylinder 8 is arrow 2
When rotating in the direction of 0, the cylinder 8 cooperates with the cylinder 7 for disassembly in the zone 18, but the thread of the cylinder 7, 8 has its direction of rotation (arrows 16, 20).
Attempts to apply a force in the opposite direction along the cylinder to the material in the disintegration zone 18 that is being disintegrated. Returning the direction of rotation of the cylinder 8 to the direction of the arrow 19 creates a corresponding function in the disassembly zone 17.

It should be pointed out that at the opposite ends of the cylinders 6, 7, short threaded sections 25, 26 are provided which are oriented towards the threaded portions 21, 22 of the cylinder. During the disassembly process, the threads 21, 22 apply different feed directions to the material, so that the material is well packed at the opposite ends of the cylinders 6, 7, but these threaded section sections 25, 26 prevent this. Has a mission.

Next, the shape of the wall portion 11 on one side shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG. However, on the other side of the disassembler, there is exactly the same structure, except that the left and right are reversed, so that the disassembler has a vertical center running through the machine parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylinder. Plane P1
It is almost symmetrical with respect to the center.

The side wall portion 11 shown in FIG. 3 is formed, at least in part, of a device 27 which is made movable with respect to the case 1. This device 27 is shown in FIG.
And the first position occupied when the device 27 is in its normal functioning position with respect to the cylinders 7, 8 and moving away from the cylinders 7, 8 of the device 27, shown in FIG. Move between the second positions you occupy when you do. As described above, the moving device 27 is located inside the case 1 and has a function of restricting the space in which the cylinders 6 and 8 are installed in the lateral direction in which the disassembling is performed, so that the moving device 27 is just like a wall. It has a characteristic.
The moving device 27 includes a cylinder 8 for disassembling the material.
A bed plate device 28 having a function of cooperating with the base plate is mounted. As can be seen from a comparison with FIG.
Is designed so that the moving device 27 moves to the position shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows that the moving device 27 is at a position slightly deviated from the position shown in FIG. 3, so that the base plate device 28 is separated from the peripheral portion of the cylinder 8. . This peripheral portion comprises the outermost portion of the threaded structures 23,24. The moving device 27 is shown in FIG.
Is connected to a device 29 for determining the position of the mobile device in the first position. The position determining device 29 includes the moving device 2
It is even more advantageous if the device is flexible, so that when the force on 7 exceeds a preset value, the moving device 27 moves away from the first position. In other words, this drives the cylinder 8 and, if necessary, the cylinder 7 so that the material (arrows 20, 16) is
When a force exceeding a certain value is applied to the base plate device 28 when pressed against the area of the base plate device 28, the base plate device 28 and the moving device 27 as a whole will , For example, to the position shown in FIG. If an unusually large force is applied, the device can also be opened in the manner shown in FIG.

The position determining device 29 includes an amplifying mechanism (a power).
It is desirable to include one -developing organ). As this mechanism, a mechanism that can be operated between the fixed point 30 on the case 1 and the point 31 on the moving device 27, for example, a variable length mechanism can be used. A suitable example of a force-increasing mechanism is a piston-cylinder mechanism that can flexibly function in the manner described above. The task of the position determining device 29 is to move the moving device 27 to a position away from the cylinders 7, 8 which it occupies according to its initial position. The moving device 27 comprises, in this example, two moving parts 32, 3
3 are included. These two parts 32, 33
At least when they are in the first position shown in FIG. 3, they are in mesh with each other by the meshing mechanisms 34,35.

The bed plate device 28 is provided with the above-mentioned moving parts 32, 33.
It is attached to one of the. In this example, the bed plate device 28 is attached to the portion 33. Positioning device 2
9 acts directly on one of the moving parts 32, 33,
The remaining moving parts are indirectly acted on via interlocking mechanisms 34,35. In this example, the position determining device 29 acts on the moving part 33 on which the bed plate device 28 is also mounted. This moving part 33 forms the lower part of the moving device 27.

At least one, preferably both, of the moving parts 32, 33 of the moving device 27 are adapted to be able to swing about shafts 36, 37. The swing shaft 36 of the upper moving part 32 is located at a level above the platen device 28. In the engagement mechanism, at least one convex portion 34 is provided on one of the moving portions.
And the remaining moving part has at least one recess 35 for receiving said projection 34 (see also FIG. 5). Convex part, concave part 3
Reference numerals 4 and 35 constitute an engagement mechanism of the two moving parts.

FIG. 6 clearly shows that the bed plate device 28 has a structure that can be adjusted and fixed. As can be seen, the cutting mechanism 38 is screwed onto the base part 3.
9 is fixed. This base part 39 is a moving part 33
Bolted to the body. The recess 35 is formed between two metal pieces 41, 42 fixed to the body of the moving part 33 with screws. The metal piece 41 is supported on the shoulder of the body of the moving part 33, but itself supports the base part 39. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, a spacer mechanism is inserted between the base portion 39 and the metal piece 41 to adjust the degree of the cutting mechanism 38 projecting from the moving part 33. As shown in FIG. 6, the bolt 40 is inserted into the slit 43 so as to be able to move laterally to facilitate its adjustment. Of course, the fastener nut 44 associated with the bolt 40 must be removed before installing or removing the spacer mechanism described above.

The swing shaft 36 of one of the moving parts 32 is located at a much higher position than the swing shaft 37 of the other moving part 33. When the moving parts 32, 33 swing to the second position shown in FIG. 5, they swing about their shafts 36, 37 in the opposite direction, so that the engagement mechanism 34, 33
35 is released from the engaged state. In this example, the position determining device 29 maintains the state in which the moving portion 33 supporting the base plate device 28 is bitten, while the other moving portion 32 is in the position shown in FIG. 5 by other means. I have to swing. When replacing the cutting mechanism or performing other necessary services, the base plate device 28 can be easily reached when it is in this position.

The moving part 32 must be able to be coupled to its own position determining device, in particular to be able to move to the open position shown in FIG. In this case, for example, the swing shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the moving part 32 and can also be connected to a booster mechanism forming any of the above-described position determining devices for swinging the moving part 32. Is also good. In this case, the moving part 33 may also be capable of swinging via a swing shaft 37 which is fixedly connected to the moving part 33, and the swing shaft 37 may be provided with a suitable booster mechanism. It is important to point out that you need to be empowered.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show that between the moving part 32 and the cylinder 7, a moving part 32 is formed in order to form another disassembly zone to be set at the position indicated by the symbol 46 in FIG. It is shown how the mechanism 45 should be mounted on the side facing the cylinder 7 of FIG. However, it should be pointed out that this mechanism 45 is not shown in FIG. In this example, the mechanism 45 comprises a plurality of ribs, the ends of which protrude from the moving part 32 and are located relatively close to the periphery of the cylinder 7. In this example, the rib 45 extends in the form of an arc in conformity with the peripheral shape of the cylinder 7. The rib 45 is almost perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cylinder 7, but may be inclined. An important feature of this mechanism or rib 45 is that it cooperates with the thread for disassembly as the thread of the cylinder 7 passes nearby. In all the exemplary specifications shown here, the moving device 27 has a portion that forms a wall at a level above the bed plate device 28.

If the disassembly device described here is to be used for conventional operation, the moving device 27 is replaced by a position determining device 29.
Is set to the position shown in FIG. This position is determined by a stop mechanism, not shown in the figure, which limits the swing movement of the moving part 33 towards the cylinder 8. Next, when the disassembling process is performed, if the force applied to the moving device 27 exceeds a predetermined value, the moving device 27 flexibly responds to the force. However, since the position determining device 29 is elastic, when the force becomes smaller than a certain value, the moving device 27 and the bed plate device 28 return to the normal functional positions shown in FIG. If it is necessary to remove a substantial object or scrap from the disassembly device, the moving part 32 swings to the open position shown in FIG. Swing to the open position. Then both cylinders can be moved (possibly in the opposite direction) and the object or scrap can be removed from the disintegrator.
When set to the open position shown in FIG. 5, maintenance and repair workers can enter the inside of the disassembling apparatus, but, of course, can also clean the inside of the base plate apparatus 28.

Alternative Specifications According to FIGS. 9-11 The variation shown in FIG. 9 is largely the same as the previously described specifications, except that
Instead, it is connected to the moving part 32. In other words, the position determining device 29 acts on the moving part 33 in the same manner as in the previous specification example, but the bed plate device 28 is fixed to the other moving part 32. In this example, the engagement mechanisms 34 and 35 are reversed and the protruding part 34 is set to the moving part 33,
The recess 35 is set in the moving part 32. in this case,
An interlocking mechanism 34 between both moving parts 32, 33,
35 indicates that when in the first position shown in FIG. 9, it is located in or close to plane P2 which is parallel and coincides with the moving part swing shafts 36, 37. Must be kept. The same applies to the specifications shown in FIGS.

In FIG. 10, the wall-shaped moving device 27 has one moving part 32 to which the base plate device 28 is attached.
Consists of just The moving part 32 includes a lower wall section 47 near the cylinder 8 below the bed plate device 28.
With. In this example, the position determining device 29 operates between the body of the disassembly device and the moving part 32. Accordingly, the position determining device 29 includes the moving portion 32 and the base plate device 28.
Functions in a piston-cylinder mechanism or the like for operating between the functional position of the platen device 28 and the open position corresponding to the position occupied by the moving part 32 in FIG.

FIG. 11 almost coincides with the specification examples of FIGS. 1 to 8, but in this case, the moving part 33 having the base plate device 28 is moved so that the cylinder 8 does not interfere.
Swing freely within the range of 60 °. More specifically, the moving part 33 is capable of swinging with the help of a shaft 37 under the influence of a suitable booster mechanism. As also shown in FIG. 11, the moving part 32 is provided with the mechanism or rib 45 already described in order to establish a disassembly zone between the moving part 32 and the cylinder 7.

Possible Modifications It is clear that the invention is not limited to the above example specifications. Thus, various changes can be made within the framework on which the invention is based. For example, the moving device 27 does not necessarily have to be formed of one or more swingable moving parts. Alternatively, it may consist of one or more moving parts that move in a straight line, arc or other suitable shape depending on the structure. For example, in the case of a moving device formed by two moving parts 32 and 33, one part is a moving part capable of swinging, and the other part is a translatoric (linear or linear) or sliding type part. It may be.
Other changes can be made by experts in the field.

[0028]

According to the present invention, it is possible to make a machine that can easily be released from a state in which the material passes through the apparatus without any trouble or becomes jammed with the supplied material in the event of an overload condition.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is the same view as FIG. 1, but with the two upper rotational disassembly elements removed so that the second rotational disassembly element underneath is clearly visible (FIG. (The two rotational decomposition elements are not depicted in FIG. 1).

FIG. 3 is a view in which a vertical cross section of a rotation axis of a rotary element is partially removed and some portions are illustrated;

FIG. 4 is the same as FIG. 3, except that the parts included in the mobile device are in different positions.

FIG. 5 is the same as FIGS. 3 and 4, but shows that the part included in the moving device is in the open position.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 4;

7 is a top plan view of the rotary element shown on the right side of FIG. 1 and a mechanism in which the element cooperates with a part included in the moving device.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the above-described portion separated along arrows VIII-VIII.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 3, but showing a slightly modified specification.

FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIGS. 3 and 9, but with further variations;

FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view showing another variation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 6, 7, 8 Material decomposition element 11 Side wall part 27 Moving device 28 Base plate device 29 Position determining device 32, 33 Moving part 34, 35 Meshing mechanism (convex part and concave part) 36, 37 Swing shaft 45 Mechanism (Rib) 46 Decomposition thorn

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A case (1) including at least one material disassembling element (6, 7, 8) rotatably mounted in the case, wherein the case (1) is rotatable. A disassembly device having at least one side wall portion (11) extending along an element, characterized in that at least a part of the side wall portion is mounted to move relative to a case. (27), as well as the first position that the moving device occupies when the device is in its normal functional position with respect to the rotating element (6, 7, 8), and the device moves away from the rotating element To move between the second positions occupied when moving. 2. A rotating element for disassembling a material.
(8) that the platen device (28) designed to cooperate with (8) is attached to the moving device (27), and that the platen device moves according to the movement between the two positions of the moving device (27). Movement,
At this time, it is designed to approach or move away from the rotating element (8).
By decomposition equipment. 3. The disassembly device according to claim 1, wherein the moving device (27) is connected to a device (29) for ensuring that the moving device is in the first position. 4. The position determining device (29) is flexibly made to move away from the first position when the force on the moving device exceeds a preset value.
By decomposition equipment. 5. The disassembly device according to claim 3, wherein the position determining device (29) includes at least one booster mechanism. 6. The disassembly device according to claim 3, wherein the moving device (27) moves to a second position with the aid of a position determining device (29). 7. The moving device comprises at least two moving parts.
Decomposition device according to any of the preceding claims, comprising (32,33). 8. The disassembly device according to claim 7, wherein the two moving parts (32, 33) are in mesh with each other with the aid of a meshing mechanism (34, 35) at least when in the first position. 9. The disassembly device according to claim 7, wherein the bed plate device (28) is mounted on one of the moving parts. 10. The position determining device (29) is designed to act directly on one of the moving parts and the other moving part is indirectly subjected to a force via the engagement mechanism (34, 35). A decomposition device according to item 3 or 8. 11. A moving device (27) comprising only a moving part (32) on which a bed plate device (28) is installed.
By decomposition equipment. 12. The disassembly device according to claim 7, wherein one or both of the moving parts (32, 33) of the moving device move in a swinging manner. 13. The disassembly device has at least two rotatable elements (6, 7), and when the moving device (27) is in the first position, a part of the disengagement device has two elements (6, 7). A disassembly device according to any of the preceding claims, which is located relatively close to the periphery. 14. The disassembly according to claim 8, wherein the engagement mechanism includes at least one protrusion (34) on one of the moving parts and a recess (35) for receiving the protrusion on the other moving part. apparatus. 15. When the interlocking mechanism (34,35) between the two moving parts (32,33) is in its first position,
13. The disassembly device according to claim 8, which is located in or near a plane (P2) parallel to and coincident with the swing shaft (36, 37) of the same part. 16. The first two rotating elements (6, 7).
Splitting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cooperating means cooperate with each other to form a splitting zone (14) between each other. A second rotary element (8) is provided in order to form an additional disassembly zone (17, 18).
8) and / or the first two rotating elements (6, 7)
A disassembly device according to claim 2 or 16 cooperating with. 18. The rotating element (6, 7) of the moving device (27).
A disassembly device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising, on the side facing one of the above, a mechanism (45) for forming a disassembly zone (46) between the device and its rotating element. 19. The moving device (27) comprises a rotating element (8).
2. A disassembly device according to claim 1, including a wall-forming portion located at a level above the bed plate device (28) which is installed in cooperation with the device. 20. The moving device (27) or at least a part (32) thereof swings about a shaft (36), and the shaft is connected to a rotating element (8) for material disassembly. 2. The disassembly device according to claim 1, wherein the disassembly device is located at a level above a co-located bed plate device (28).