JP2001205126A - Safety device of crusher for bulky material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To immediately release an overload by opening a screen when the overload is imposed on a biaxial crushing device having a structure to attach the screen to the lower part of the crushing roller in order to solve such a problem that foreign materials or the like are jammed between a crushing roller and the screen to cause the excessive load more than the set load. SOLUTION: In this crusher, the supplied bulky material are crushed by crushing rollers 3, 4 having crushing edges 5 and 6 attached to paired rotary shafts, which are housed in a casing and are parallel to each other, while the opposed tip parts of the edges 5 and 6 are overlapped and the crushed product is discharged downward. The screens 30 and 40 for selectively discharging the crushed product crushed by the rollers 3 and 4 are disposed in the lower parts of the rollers 3 and 4 respectively. The ends of the screens 30, 40 on the central side of a basal pedestal are attached to a screen attaching base 7 and supported by hinges 31, 41, 32 and 42 to be opened/closed and the other ends are fixed to an outer frame 21 by using fixing members. The fixing members are attached to the frame 21 so that they are detached to open the screens 30 and 40 when the overload more than the set load is imposed on this crusher.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety device for a bulky material crusher, and more particularly to a device for crushing bulky materials which are relatively easily crushed, such as waste plastic, wood, plywood and the like.
The present invention relates to a safety device for a bulky material crusher that protects devices such as crushing rollers, screens, and drive motors from damage or destruction when an overload equal to or greater than a set load is applied by a foreign substance or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional apparatus for crushing bulky objects, a single-shaft crushing apparatus usually comprising a fixed blade and a rotary roller having a rotary blade mounted opposite thereto, and a pair of parallel rotary crushers. A crushing blade is attached to the shaft to form a crushing roller, and the crushing blade is wrapped at the opposing tip portion to crush the supplied coarsely crushed large-sized crusher, or a parallel pair of upper crushing rollers, For example, a triaxial crushing device including a lower crushing roller disposed below is used. These are selectively used for the purpose or the like, but the twin-screw crusher can be provided at relatively low cost, so that it is used in a wide range. The twin-screw crushing device includes a screen for discharging the crushed material crushed by the crushing roller, arranged below the two parallel crushing rollers in an arc shape along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller. Thus, a method of crushing has been attempted.

[0003]

However, the twin-screw crusher for crushing bulky materials is made robust in its work characteristics, and is capable of loading large-sized waste plastic, wood, plywood, and the like. ing. However, sometimes foreign matter or the like gets caught between the crushing roller and the screen, and an excessive load exceeding the set load is applied to the crushing device.Unless the worker detects this and immediately stops the crushing device, the crushing device is crushed. There has been a problem that the device continues to be driven, causing the crushing blade of the crushing roller to be broken, the screen to be deformed, or further broken, or the drive motor to be burned.

[0004] In view of the above, the present invention also provides a biaxial crusher for crushing bulky objects, in which if an overload is applied to the crusher, the overload is immediately released by opening the screen and the crushing is performed. An object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for a bulky material crusher that prevents damage to rollers and screens.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a crushing blade is mounted on a pair of parallel rotating shafts housed in a housing to form a crushing roller. In a bulky material crusher that wraps the leading end portion and crushes the supplied bulky material and discharges it downward, a screen that selectively discharges the crushed material crushed by the crushing roller is disposed below each crushing roller. At the same time, the screen supports the center side end of the base on the screen mounting base so as to be openable and closable by a hinge, and fixes the other end side to the outer frame, and the fastening member is overloaded by a set load or more. The screen is removably mounted.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the screen is overloaded when the oversized material is crushed, the one end of the screen is opened, so that the overload on the screen is released. Therefore, breakage or destruction of the mechanical device can be prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the safety device stops the crushing roller by detecting a swing of the screen at the time of overload with a sensor. .

According to the second aspect of the invention, when the screen swings from the set fixed position due to overload, the screen swinging is immediately detected by the sensor and the crushing roller is stopped. Further overload can be prevented from being applied to the crushing roller and the screen.

According to a third aspect, in the first aspect, the safety device is characterized in that a sensor for detecting the swing of the screen is attached to an outer frame to which the screen is fixed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensor can be easily mounted, and can be easily mounted on an existing crusher.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the safety device mainly comprises a breaker bolt that breaks the other end of the screen on the outer frame under a set load.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when an overload is applied, the breaker bolt is broken, and the screen is rocked in the opening direction by the fixing bolt, so that the overload can be released. Can be prevented.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. In the figure, a crushing device 1 has a pair of crushing rollers 3, 4 arranged in parallel in a housing 2, and each crushing roller 3, 4 has a large number of crushing blades 5, 5.
6 is provided. Reference numerals 5a and 6a denote cut-out portions for biting the crushing blades 5 and 6 formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the crushing rollers 3 and 4, respectively. Both crushing blades 5 and 6 wrap their respective distal end portions to form a slit cutter portion,
The two crushing rollers 3 and 4 are reversely rotated by the gear mechanism G, and the coarse material introduced from above between the two crushing rollers 3 and 4 is naturally bitten between the two crushing rollers 3 and 4 forming a pair. Let it be crushed. However, one crushing roller 3 is a driving roller and is connected to a driving motor M via a conduction belt B. The crushing roller may be driven by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, and each shaft may be directly driven by a motor without using a transmission belt.

In the figures, reference numerals 10 and 11 denote shielding plates for preventing a relatively small substance in the input bulky material from falling between the crushing rollers 3 and 4 and the inner surface of the housing without being crushed. The shielding plates 10 and 11 are formed in a comb-like shape so as to allow the crushing blades 5 and 6 to pass therethrough, respectively disposed outside the crushing rollers 3 and 4 arranged in parallel, and fixed to the housing 2. Is done. However, the shielding plates 10 and 11 do not contact the crushing rollers 3 and 4.

In the figures, reference numerals 30 and 40 denote screens arranged below the crushing rollers 3 and 4, respectively. The screens 30 and 40 are provided with a large number of holes 30h and 40h, respectively, so that only coarse pieces crushed to a predetermined size fall between the crushing rollers 3 and 4 and are discharged downward. Crushing blade 5 attached to 3,4,
In order to easily follow the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotation trajectories 5b, 6b, the trajectory 6 is slightly curved and attached to the housing 2. For example, the curved curves of the screens 30 and 40 are formed slightly larger than the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade.
The hinge 3 is located at the center side of the frame 40, that is, at the portion where the two screens match.
1 and 41, supported by a screen mounting base 7 mounted in the center of the machine base, and the other end of the lower part 21 of the housing external mounting frame 21.
a.

The screen 30 and the screen 40 have the same configuration, and one screen 30, 40 is usually disposed below the crushing rollers 3, 4, respectively.
However, in view of installation and maintenance, screen 3
It is preferable to use a plurality of 0 and 40 in the longitudinal direction of the crushing rollers 3 and 4, respectively, and to divide them into two to four so as to be at substantially equal intervals (the figure shows two divisions).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the screens 30 and 40 are mounted on hinges 31 and 2 at both ends of a screen mounting table provided at an intermediate position between parallel crushing rollers.
A screen 41 is provided so as to be openable and closable with respect to the screen mounting base 7 such that the screen end opens downward. For this reason, the screen hinges 31,
Hinges 32 and 42 are respectively attached to positions opposing to 41, and shafts 35 and 45 are inserted between the hinges on the screen side and the screen mounting base side, so that the screens 30 and 40 are respectively directed downward at the hinge portions. The screens 30 and 40 can be opened and closed with respect to the screen mount 7 in such a manner as to hang down.

At the other end of the screens 30, 40, ie, on the side opposite to the hinge, a bolt 8 is attached to the outer frame 21 of the housing 2.
The mounting flanges 33 and 43 to be fixed by are mounted integrally. The mounting flanges 33 and 43 are provided on the screens 30 and 4.
The screen is fixed to the other end of the crushing roller along the outer frame 21. When each screen is arranged at a predetermined position below the crushing roller, the outer frame 21 is fixed to the outer frame 21 with the bolts 8. The mounting hole 2H is provided in the lower portion 21a of the frame 21, and the longitudinally elongated hole 33H or the U-shaped mounting hole 33U for opening the screen is provided on the mounting flange 33, 43 side, as shown in FIGS. Drill each as shown in ()).

Further, the mounting flanges 33 and 43 are inverted T so that not only the inner side surface of the outer frame 21 but also the bottom surface thereof is along.
In this mounting, not only the fixing bolt 8 described above but also a breaker bolt 9 that is broken by a load exceeding a set value is used for fixing. The breaker bolt 9 is mounted by drilling a mounting screw hole 2H in the lower portion 21a of the outer frame 21, screwing it into the mounting screw hole 2H, and fixing the breaker bolt 9 to the bottom piece 21a of the outer frame 21 in a breakable manner. This breakable breaker bolt 9
Is designed to break from a naturally set position (for example, a constriction) when a set overload is applied.

At this time, although the fixing bolt 8 fixes the screen at a fixed position, the holes on the side of the mounting flanges 33 and 43 are formed so as to allow a slight downward movement of the screen by applying an overload to the screen. It is formed in the elongated hole 33H or the U-shaped mounting hole 33U in the vertical direction.

When the screen is opened downward due to an overload on the screen, a sensor 50 for detecting the swing or opening of the screen is provided on the outer frame 21.
Is arranged. As this sensor, a proximity switch, a limit switch, a magnet switch, or the like can be used. The sensor is connected to a motor for driving the crushing roller, and stops the motor upon detection by the sensor to stop the rotation of the crushing roller.

In the above-described configuration, when a relatively large material that is relatively easily crushed, such as waste plastic, wood, plywood, or the like, is supplied from above the opposing crushing rollers 3 and 4 of the crushing apparatus of the present invention, the large material is removed. Is first crushed by the crushing blades 5 and 6 of the rotating crushing rollers 3 and 4 and discharged downward. Of the crushed materials, relatively small ones are screens 30 and 4.
It falls down after passing through the 0 hole. Other uncrushed materials and relatively large crushed materials are lifted by the rotating crushing rollers 3 and 4 and then rotated again.
The crushed material which has been crushed again by the crushing blade of No. 4 and has become small is discharged to the outside through the perforations of the screen.

Now, when an overload exceeding the set value is applied to the screen, a downward load is applied to the screen, and the screen end moves from the solid line position in FIG. 1 to the position indicated by the chain line in FIG. Moving. This is because even though the bolt 8 fixed to the outer frame is fixed at a fixed position, the holes on the side of the mounting flanges 33 and 43 through which the bolts 8 are inserted are formed into the elongated holes 33H in the vertical direction or the U-shaped mounting holes 33.
Since it is U, the screen edge moves and is opened. As a result, a gap is formed between the crushing roller and the screen, and an overload caused by a foreign substance or the like being caught is eliminated. Further, when the overload is large, the breaker bolt 9 is broken, and the screen is opened below the outer frame as shown in FIG. 2, and the overload is eliminated.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a sensor for detecting the transition from the mounting position of the screen to the open state. That is, when the screen is opened due to overload, this is detected, the motor is stopped, the crushing roller is stopped, and breakage or breakage of the crushing device is prevented.

After the overload is eliminated in this way, the crusher can be restarted by removing the bite of the foreign matter and mounting the screen to the original position again with bolts. . In addition, by keeping the screen open, cleaning of clogging of the screen and replacement of the crushing blade of the crushing roller can be easily performed.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, when an overload is applied to the apparatus at the time of crushing a bulky object, the screen swings in a direction in which the screen is opened by fixing bolts fixing one end of the screen. As a result, the screen is opened around the hinge, and foreign matter immediately caught between the crushing rollers or between the crushing roller and the screen falls from the gap between the opened screens and the overload is released. There is an advantage that breakage or destruction can be prevented, and after overload is released, the screen can be restarted by fixing the screen to the set position again with fixing bolts. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the crushing roller is stopped by detecting the swing of the screen at the time of overload by the sensor, when the screen swings from the fixed position set by the overload. The crushing roller is stopped immediately by detecting the swing of the screen with a sensor, preventing further overload from being applied to the crushing roller and the screen. The mechanism can be reliably prevented. Also,
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensor for detecting the swing of the screen is attached to the outer frame to which the screen is fixed, so that the sensor can be easily attached to the existing crusher. . According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the screen is attached to the outer frame with a normal fixing bolt and a bolt that breaks at a set load, so that when an overload is applied, the breaking bolt is broken and the fixing bolt is broken. Since the overload can be released by swinging the screen further in the opening direction, breakage of the crusher can be prevented. Further, the crusher can be restarted by re-fastening with a new bolt.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which an overload is applied and a screen is opened.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic explanatory view of the apparatus for crushing coarse products of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the screen.

5A and 5B are explanatory views of a mounting portion of a screen, wherein FIG. 5A is a sectional view, FIG. 5B is an explanatory view of a long hole, and FIG. 5C is an explanatory view of a U-shaped hole.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 crushing device 21 outer frame 3 crushing roller 4 crushing roller 5 crushing blade 6 crushing blade 30, 40 screen 31, 41 hinge 32, 42 hinge 33, 43 mounting flange 7 screen mounting base 8 fixing bolt 9 breaker bolt 50 sensor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A crushing blade is attached to a pair of parallel rotating shafts housed in a housing to form a crushing roller, and the opposite end portions of the crushing blade are wrapped to crush the supplied bulk material and In a bulky material crusher that discharges to a screen, a screen for selectively discharging the crushed material crushed by the crushing roller is disposed below each of the crushing rollers, and the screen has a center side end of the base as a screen mounting base. A bulky crusher characterized in that it is supported by a hinge so that it can be opened and closed, and the other end side is fixed to the outer frame, and the fixing member is mounted so that the screen can be opened by an overload exceeding a set load. Safety device. 2. A safety device for a bulky crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor for detecting a swing of the screen at the time of overload, and stopping the crushing roller at the time of overload. 3. A sensor for detecting the swing of the screen,
The safety device for a bulky material crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the safety device is configured by being attached to an outer frame to which a screen is fixed. 4. The bulky product according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member for fixing the other end of the screen to the outer frame is mainly composed of a breaker bolt that breaks at a set load. Crusher safety device.