JP2000225354A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate and recover gypsum and surface paper which are the main components of a gypsum board. SOLUTION: A cutter 114, a crushing rollers 10, and a crushing roller 11 are installed in turn under a hopper 2. One roller 10A, 11A of each roller 10, 11 is made the movable side and spring-biased toward the other adjacent roller 10B, 11B, In the lower crushing roller 11, the rollers 11A, 11B of a pair are rotated reversely to each other with a prescribed speed difference kept. A classifier 17 for sifting a crushed raw material is installed under the roller 11. When a gypsum board as the raw material is charged into the hopper 2, it is crushed into chips by the cutter 114, the chips are re-crushed by the rollers 10, 11 to be separated into gypsum and surface paper, which are sifted and recovered by kind by the classifier 17.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher, and more particularly to a crusher suitable for crushing a brittle body containing two kinds of substances having different properties. The present invention relates to a crusher used to separate and collect plaster and cover paper constituting the main body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a rotary crusher provided with a toothed roller for crushing concrete or the like has been known. There are two types of crushers, single roller type and double roller type. Among them, the single roller type generally has a structure in which a fixed blade and a toothed roller are provided close to each other below a hopper. According to this, the contents of the hopper can be sequentially scraped and crushed between the toothed roller and the fixed blade while rotating in a predetermined direction with the power of the driving source.

On the other hand, in the double roller type, a pair of toothed rollers are provided in parallel below a hopper for supplying a raw material, and the rollers receive power from a driving source and rotate in opposite directions. And according to this kind of crusher,
The raw material put into the hopper is dropped onto the space between the rollers from the lower drop hole, and the material can be bitten by hard crushing teeth protruding from the outer peripheral surfaces of both rollers while being drawn between the rollers by the rotation of the rollers.

[0004]

However, according to the conventional crusher constructed as described above, a large-sized machine having a large output is applied mainly to the crushing of demolition concrete, and the crusher rotates. Although the roller has hard and robust crushing teeth and can smoothly crush even concrete, it is a very expensive substitute. In particular, the teeth are integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller or are provided so as to be detachable. However, when the teeth are integrally formed, the roller must be replaced when worn, so that the cost is increased and the teeth are separated. However, since the mounting portion protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the roller, the roller itself is very expensive. In addition, any type of crusher can only coarsely crush because the raw material only passes once between the fixed blade and the toothed roller, or between the toothed roller, and can only be roughly crushed. Must be processed several times through separate equipment.

[0005] In particular, in the case of reinforced concrete and the like, the crushed material can be subjected to a magnetic separator to remove the reinforcing bar, but it is very difficult to crush the non-magnetic composition and then separate it by type. .

For example, a gypsum board used for a building material or the like can be easily crushed by the above-mentioned conventional crusher, but in this case, each piece remains in a state in which the gypsum constituting the gypsum board and the surface paper are fixed. For this reason, gypsum and surface paper cannot be collected separately, and conventionally used gypsum boards have been disposed of at final disposal sites or landfill sites.

However, the land has already reached the limit in terms of space, and in recent years there has been a call for recycling so as not to harm the environment, and it has become very difficult to rely on the conventional disposal method. It is getting. In particular, many gypsum boards use paints or adhesives made of volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, and their disposal is becoming more difficult every year in terms of safety. Moreover, gypsum board is unsuitable for incineration because it is a refractory material, and even if incinerating the cover paper, its combustion efficiency is poor when it is integrated with gypsum. The amount of generation also increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a simple crusher which is mainly used for crushing a gypsum board generated as construction waste. It is an object of the present invention to finally separate, collect, and reuse the board into gypsum and cover paper, which are the main components of the board.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a crushing roller comprising a pair of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other is provided in the vicinity of a lower drop opening of a hopper. A crusher configured to be crushed through a raw material supplied from a lower dropping port of the hopper between rollers, wherein a pair of rollers rotate opposite to each other with a predetermined speed difference below the crushing roller. Another crushing roller is provided, and a crusher is provided below the hopper, and a sorter for sifting the crushed raw material through the respective crushing rollers is provided.

In particular, each of the crushing rollers is biased by an elastic body toward another adjacent roller, with one of the rollers having a predetermined movable range.

That is, the present invention provides
A crusher comprising a hopper for charging a raw material, a crushing section provided below the hopper, and a sorting machine for sifting the crushed raw material that has passed through the crushing section, wherein the crushing section is provided vertically separated. And two crushing rollers, each crushing roller being constituted by a pair of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other, and one of the rollers being adjacent while being supported by a slidable support. The upper crushing roller faces the lower dropping port of the hopper for primary crushing, and the lower crushing roller has a predetermined pair of rollers for secondary crushing for secondary crushing. A crusher characterized in that the crushers rotate in opposite directions with a speed difference.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a plurality of pairs of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other are provided below the hopper and are spaced apart in the vertical direction. A crusher in which supplied raw materials are sequentially passed through and crushed, and a pair of uppermost rollers is provided with a pair of rotating shafts alternately provided with rotary blades to crush the raw material from the hopper into chips. Each of the rotary blades is formed as a blade roller, and each rotary blade has a blade portion formed at an equal interval on the outer periphery, and the mounting angle of the rotary shaft is set so that the blade portions are arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotary shaft direction. The other roller pairs are formed into a chip by being biased by an elastic body toward the adjacent roller while one of the rollers is supported by a slidable support. Crushed raw material Is configured as a crushing roller trituration, the crushing rollers is to provide a crusher which is characterized in that it comprises at least one pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions to each other with a predetermined speed difference.

Further, the present invention relates to a crusher provided with a cutter device and a crushing roller below a hopper, wherein the raw material supplied from the hopper is sequentially passed through the cutter device and the crushing roller to crush the crusher. The cutter device is composed of a fixed blade fixed to the machine frame along a lower drop port of the hopper, and a plurality of rotary blades coaxially mounted along the fixed blade. The blades are formed and fixed at different mounting angles in the rotation axis direction so that the blades are arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotation axis direction, and the crushing rollers are arranged in parallel below the cutter device. The present invention provides a crusher comprising a pair of rollers to be provided, wherein the pair of rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference.

The present invention also provides a crusher comprising a hopper for charging a raw material, a crushing section provided below the hopper, and a separator for sifting the crushed raw material passing through the crushing section. The part comprises a cutter device facing the lower dropping port of the hopper and two sets of crushing rollers provided vertically below the cutter device, and the cutter device is fixed to the machine frame along the lower dropping port of the hopper. A fixed blade and a plurality of rotary blades coaxially mounted along the fixed blade, each of which has an equally-spaced blade portion on its outer periphery and the blade portion is arranged in the rotation axis direction. The crushing rollers are each constituted by a pair of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other, and each of the crushing rollers is one of them. The roller is urged toward the other adjacent roller by an elastic body while being supported by a slidable support tool, and the upper crushing roller is provided below and along the cutter device, and the lower crushing roller is provided. The roller provides a crusher wherein the pair of rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference.

In particular, the sorter has a porous screen forming the bottom thereof and side plates provided on both sides of the screen, and is swingably provided below the crushing section. Vibrating means driven in conjunction with the crushing roller is connected.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of the crusher according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame formed by joining a mold steel or a steel plate, and a pyramid-shaped hopper 2 is formed on an upper portion thereof. In particular, an oscillating plate 3 is provided inside the hopper 2 to correct the posture of the charged raw material or to prevent the raw material from forming a bridge. One end of the swing plate 3 is attached to the upper part of the inner surface of the hopper 2 by a hinge, and the other end of the swing plate 3 is hung as a bendable curtain 4 toward a lower dropout 2A of the hopper 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes an operating shaft for swinging the swinging plate 3. The operating shaft 5 penetrates the partition 6 of the hopper 2, one end of the operating shaft 5 is connected to the swinging plate 3, and the other end of the rotating plate 7. Connected to the eccentric position to form a crank mechanism.

A lower drop port 2 is provided below the hopper 2.
A crushing unit 8 for crushing the raw material supplied from A is provided. The crushing section 8 includes a crushing chamber 9 formed to communicate with the lower drop port 2A of the hopper 2, and two sets of crushing rollers 10 and 11 provided inside the crushing chamber 9 in a vertically separated manner. Each of the crushing rollers 10, 11 is composed of a pair of rollers 10A, 10B and rollers 11A, 11B arranged in parallel, the rotation directions of which are opposite to each other.
B and the raw material can be drawn between the roller pairs 11A and 11B and finely crushed. Among them, the upper crushing roller 10 faces the lower dropping port 2A of the hopper for primary crushing for coarsely crushing the raw material, and the lower crushing roller 11 is used for secondary crushing for re-crushing the raw material passed through the upper crushing roller 10. Is provided directly below the upper crushing roller 10.

In particular, the lower crushing roller 11 rotates at a higher speed than the upper crushing roller 10 so that the primary crushed raw material can be crushed again without any delay. Where 12
Is an electric motor as a drive source for rotating each of the crushing rollers 10, 11, and the power is transmitted to each of the crushing rollers 10, 11 via a transmission system 13 as shown in the figure, for example. The transmission system 13 includes a reduction gear 14 to which the drive shaft of the electric motor 12 is connected, its output shaft, the machine frame 1 and each roller 10.
A, a pair of sprockets 15A to 15I attached to the rotating shafts of A, 10B, 11A and 11B, and chains 16A and 16B linking the sprockets, and a pair of rollers constituting each of the crushing rollers 10 and 11 by this drive. 10A and 10B and the roller pair 11A and 11B can be rotated in opposite directions. The rotating disk 7 is coaxial with the sprocket 15I, and the electric motor 12
It is rotated with the power of

On the other hand, below the crushing section 8, a sorter 17 for sifting the crushed raw material that has passed through the crushing section 8 is provided in an inclined manner in the vicinity of the lower crushing roller 11 with a constant gradient. As shown in the figure, the sorting machine 17 is swingably supported by the machine frame 1 below the crushing section 8 via a swing link 18 and the crushed raw material dropped thereon is sieved according to its particle size. Can be In particular, a chute 19 is formed immediately below the sorter 17, and relatively small-grain raw materials are collected through the chute 19 into a collection box 20A installed below the chute. Collection box 2 installed downstream of 17
0B.

The sorter 17 is vibrated by a drive source common to the crushing rollers 10 and 11, that is, the electric motor 12. Reference numeral 21 denotes a power transmission system, which is a sprocket 15 used for transmission to the crushing rollers 10 and 11.
A sprocket 22A provided coaxially with B, other sprockets 22B and 22C linked to the sprocket 22A by a chain 23, and a crank mechanism 24 as a vibration means. Among them, the crank mechanism 24 includes a rotary disk 24A provided coaxially with the sprocket 22C, and a crank arm 24B having one end mounted at an eccentric position of the rotary disk 24A. Connected to. Therefore, if the electric motor 12 is operated, the crushing rollers 10, 1
While rotating, the crank mechanism 24 is driven in conjunction therewith, and the connected sorter 17 is vibrated at a predetermined amplitude. Thus, the crushed raw material that has fallen onto the sorter 17 is recovered by being sieved by particle size while being sent to the downstream side.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the crusher. As is clear from this figure, the sorter 17 has a porous screen 25 having a predetermined mesh such as a wire mesh as a bottom portion, and side plates 26 for preventing material from flowing out are provided on both sides thereof. In particular, on the downstream side of the sorter 17, the side plate 26 is moved to the center to form the material outlet 27. A collection box 20B as shown in FIG. 1 is installed below the discharge port 27. A conveyor such as a belt conveyor is installed in place of the collection box 20B, and a part of the raw material is transferred through the conveyor. It can also be supplied to the bagging process. Of course, shoot 1
Bagging and the like can be continuously performed by, for example, facing one end of the conveyor below the bottom 9. In FIG. 2,
Reference numeral 28 denotes a gear box in which the sprockets 15A to 15I shown in FIG. 1 are housed. Also, FIG.
As is apparent from the above description, the crushing rollers 10 and 11 have a long shaft length extending along the lower drop port 2A of the hopper, and both ends of the crushing rollers 10 and 11 penetrate a partition plate (not shown) forming a crushing chamber. Is supported by the site.

Further, as apparent from FIG. 3, a pair of rollers 10A, 10B constituting the upper crushing roller 10
On the outer peripheral surface, a plurality of grooves 29 are formed along the axial direction so that the raw material can be reliably drawn in between the grooves. On the other hand, a pair of rollers 11
A and 11B have smooth outer peripheral surfaces, but the upper and lower rollers 10A, 10B, 11A and 11B are hardened by induction hardening or the like to withstand the pressure during crushing.

FIG. 4 shows an example of mounting the crushing roller. Reference numeral 30 denotes a side wall constituting the machine frame, and the crushing roller 1
Each of the rotating shafts 0 and 11 is attached to a side wall 30 of the rotating shaft via a bearing 31. In particular, one of the rollers 10A, 11A of each of the crushing rollers 10, 11 is movable, and both ends of its rotating shaft are supported by slidable supports 32 including bearings 31, respectively. The support 32 is a bearing unit including a bearing 31 and a casing 33 to which the bearing 31 is fixed, and a screw shaft 34 is connected to the casing 33. A notch 35 for mounting the support 32 is formed horizontally on the side wall 30 in the vicinity of the fixing position of the rollers 10B and 11B, and the support 32 is slidable in the notch 35. It is to be introduced. Reference numeral 36 denotes a seat plate which closes the open side of the cutout portion 35 by, for example, bolting to the side wall 39, and a screw shaft 34 extending from the support 32 is passed through the seat plate 36 with a certain clearance. ,
A nut 37 is attached to the tip.

On the outer periphery of the screw shaft 34, an elastic body 38 such as a compression coil spring is provided between the seat plate 36 and the support 32.
The support 32 is pushed by the elastic body 38 toward the fixed-side rollers 10B and 11B. Therefore, the rollers 10A and 11A supported by the support tool 32 are also adjacent to the other rollers 11A and 11A.
B, the raw material passing therethrough can be crushed at a uniform pressure, and when a large raw material is supplied, the movable rollers 10A and 11A resist the elasticity of the elastic body 38. It is also possible to prevent the crushing rollers 10, 11 from stopping due to biting of the raw material due to overload.

In particular, the lower crushing roller 11 is configured so that the roller pairs 11A and 11B rotate in reverse at different speeds from each other in addition to the above configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, sprockets 15G and 15H having different numbers of teeth are mounted on the respective rotating shafts of the roller pairs 11A and 11B, and the sprockets 15G and 15H and the above-described electric motor 12 are linked by chains 16A and 16B. Roller pair 11A, 11
B rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference from each other. The speed difference between sprockets 15G and 15H
Can be freely adjusted by the selection, but in this example, the ratio is adjusted to be about 4: 3.

Here, the operation of the crusher configured as described above will be described. In addition, this crusher is mainly applied to crush gypsum board as a raw material. Specifically, the gypsum board is crushed and used to separate and collect gypsum and cover paper which are the main components of the gypsum board. It is desirable that the gypsum board as the raw material is coarsely crushed in advance into chips, but here, a case where the gypsum board is put into a hopper in a plate shape and crushed will be described as an example. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the gypsum board W put into the hopper 2 is guided to the lower dropping port 2A of the hopper while being kept upright by the swinging plate 3 reciprocating up and down, and the upper stage from the lower dropping port 2A. Falls on the crushing roller 10. Then, first, the gypsum board W is drawn in between the roller pair 10A, 10B, and primary crushing is performed. Note that the gypsum board W has various thicknesses, but it is not necessary to supply the gypsum board W separately for each thickness.
8, the crushing roller 10 does not stop due to overload.
Almost all the gypsum boards W passing through can be crushed properly under a constant pressing force by the elastic body 38.

The gypsum board W crushed by the upper crushing roller 10 further falls onto the lower crushing roller 11 and is secondarily crushed by the crushing roller 11. Similarly, crushing is performed smoothly under a constant pressure. The upper crushing roller 1
The gypsum board W that has passed through 0 is merely ground into small pieces while the gypsum and the cover paper are integrated, but the gypsum and the cover paper are completely separated by passing through the lower crushing roller 11. It is done. That is, the lower crushing roller 11
Since the pair of rollers 11A and 11B are rotated with a difference in speed, the roller 11A has an effect of further crushing the gypsum board ground into small pieces. For this reason, while the fibrous cover paper is kept in the form of small pieces, the brittle gypsum is ground or pulverized to a powdery form and separated from the cover paper.

Thereafter, the cover paper and the gypsum fall onto the sorting machine 17, but the fine gypsum passes through the screen 25 and is collected in the collection box 20A below the gypsum. On the other hand, the cover paper goes to the downstream side without passing through the screen 25 and passes through another collection box 20 through the discharge port 27.
B.

As described above, according to the crusher configured as described above, the gypsum board can be crushed to separate the gypsum and the cover paper, and the collected gypsum can be reused as a raw material for the gypsum board. In addition, surface paper can be incinerated efficiently at high temperature alone.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
According to the crusher according to the present invention, the crushing rollers are not limited to the two-tiered structure, and more crushing rollers may be arranged in the vertical direction.

For example, FIG. 6 shows an example in which three sets of crushing rollers are vertically arranged between the hopper 2 and the sorter 17.
Here, each of the crushing rollers 10, 11, 41 is spring-biased toward the adjacent other rollers 10B, 11B, 41B with one of the rollers 10A, 11A, 41A being on the movable side as in the above example. Of these, the topmost crushing roller 1
0 faces the lower dropper 2A of the hopper for primary crushing,
For example, crushing teeth 39 protrude from the outer periphery. Further, the crushing rollers 11 and 41 thereunder are respectively a pair of rollers 11 and 41.
A, 11B and rollers 41A, 41B are configured to rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. However, the speed of only one set of the crushing rollers 11 and 41 may be changed.

Further, the sorting machine may be configured as shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, the sorting machine 17 of this embodiment has one end on the upstream side suspended from the machine frame 1 by a swing link 18 and the downstream side thereof has a crank arm 2 of a crank mechanism 24 serving as a vibrating means.
4B is connected. A guide roller 42 is provided below the crank arm 24B to support the lower surface thereof. In particular, in this sorter 17, screens 25 are provided in multiple stages so that the raw materials can be sieved more effectively. Note that each screen 25 is set so that the mesh becomes smaller in order from the upper layer. In other words, the mesh is larger in the upper layer and smaller in the lower layer. Although the figure shows an example in which the screen 25 has three layers, the screen 25 may have two or four or more layers.

On the other hand, as a method of using the crusher configured as described above, a gypsum board previously crushed into chips may be put into the hopper 2. For this purpose, for example, a crusher as shown in FIG. 8 can be used. Hereinafter, the structure will be briefly described. Reference numeral 101 denotes a machine frame formed by combining a mold steel, a steel plate, and the like, and a hopper 102 for charging a raw material is provided above the machine frame. The hopper 102 has an inclined guide plate 103 for sliding down the raw material, and the downstream side thereof has a facing partition plate 10.
4, a slit-shaped raw material supply port 105 is opened. The hopper 102 can guide the input raw material to the raw material supply port 105 while the guide plate 103 vibrates. Reference numeral 106 denotes a vibrating means. The vibrating means 106 includes a crankshaft 107 rotated by a driving source, a V-shaped support having a lower end attached to the crankshaft 107 and an upper end attached to the back surface of the guide plate 103. It is composed of a leg 108 and a swing link 109 that supports the guide plate 103 in cooperation with the support leg 108. The drive source is, for example, an electric motor 110, and the drive shaft and the crankshaft 107 are linked by a timing belt 111. Reference numeral 112 denotes a guide roller that is located above the downstream side of the guide plate 103 and presses the supplied raw material.
04 is rotatably attached via a connecting arm 113.

On the other hand, a cutter device 114 is located below the hopper and faces the material supply port 105. The cutter device 114 includes a fixed blade 115 fixed to the machine frame 101 along the raw material supply port 105, and a rotary cutter 116 provided close to the fixed blade 115. Among them, the fixed blade 115 is made of a hard metal plate having an acute edge formed on the rotary cutter 116 side along its longitudinal direction, and is attached to a pedestal 117 fixed to the machine frame 101 with bolts or the like. The rotary cutter 116 is mounted on the machine frame 101 along the fixed blade 115.
18 and a plurality of rotary blades 119 attached to the rotary shaft 118. A belt wheel 120 is attached to one end of the rotating shaft 118 and the belt wheel 1
Reference numeral 20 is linked to a drive shaft of a motor 122 via a timing belt 121.

According to the cutter device 114,
The rotation of the rotary cutter 116 by the drive of the motor 122 is shown in FIG.
In the counterclockwise direction, the raw material introduced from the raw material supply port 105 between the rotary cutter 116 and the fixed blade 115 can be finely crushed. The crushed raw material falls below the cutter device 114 and is discharged outside the machine.

Here, reference numeral 123 denotes a conveying means for discharging the raw material outside the apparatus. The conveying means 123 is provided with a screw 12 provided in parallel with and below the rotary cutter 116.
4 and a trough 125 covering the lower periphery thereof.
Has a belt wheel 126 at one end of its rotating shaft, and the belt wheel and the drive shaft of the electric motor 110 are connected to the timing belt 1.
By linking at 27, it rotates in a predetermined direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 8). Also, trough 12
Reference numeral 5 denotes a semi-cylindrical cover connected to the lower end of the outer wall 128 covering the cutter device 114, and an open end (not shown) for discharging the crushed raw material conveyed by the screw 124 is opened at one longitudinal end thereof. .

FIG. 9 shows a rotary blade used for a rotary cutter. Here, the rotary blade 119 is a hard metal formed by performing a heat treatment or the like, and for example, as shown in the figure, three beak-shaped blade portions 119A are formed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction as shown in the drawing. The boss has a keyway 12
9 is formed. And this rotary blade 119 is fixed blade 1
The rotary blades 119 are mounted on the coaxial 118 along the line 15, and each rotary blade 119 has a key groove 129 at a different position so that the rotary blades 119 are arranged at different mounting angles in the direction of the rotary shaft 118.

FIG. 10 shows an example of mounting each rotary blade. As is clear from this figure, the rotary blades 119 are fixed to the rotary shaft 118 in order so that the blade portions 119A are arranged in a non-series (for example, spiral) configuration with respect to the direction of the rotary shaft 118. The portion 119A successively contacts the raw material introduced from the raw material supply port of the hopper in the direction of the rotation axis, and can smoothly and reliably crush the raw material while scraping it little by little with a low load.

The crusher constructed as described above may be connected to the crusher shown in FIG. 1 to crush the gypsum board. The process is described with reference to FIG. 11. A is a crusher shown in FIG. 8 as a primary crusher, and B is a crusher shown in FIG. 7 as an example of a crusher according to the present invention. Are connected via a conveyor C1. A rotary bag stuffing machine D is installed downstream of the crusher B of the present application as a secondary crusher via a conveyor C2. Then, first, a gypsum board used as a raw material is put into the hopper 102 of the crusher A. The input may be by hand,
Normally, what is automatically conveyed from the accumulation site using a conveyor or the like is directly put into the hopper 102. When the gypsum board is put into the hopper 102, the gypsum board is guided to the downstream side by the guide plate 103 vibrated by the vibrating means, and a part of the gypsum board is rotated by the fixed blade 115 via the raw material supply port 105 while being pressed by the guide roller. Guided between the blade 119.

Then, the rotary blade 119 cooperates with the fixed blade 115 to scrape the gypsum board little by little while scraping the fragments downward. After the gypsum board is roughly crushed into chips in this order, the gypsum board is dropped to the transporting means 123 and discharged out of the machine by the transporting means. That is,
It is discharged onto one end of a conveyor C1 connected to an unillustrated outlet opening at one end of the conveying means 123, and is conveyed to the crusher B by this conveyor C1 to be crushed again.

In this embodiment, one end of the conveyor C2 faces the downstream of the chute 19 in the crusher B, and a gutter 50 is provided downstream of each screen 25 in the sorting machine. Then, the ground gypsum is conveyed to the bag filling machine D by the conveyor C2, while the cover paper is collected in a container (not shown) through the gutter 50. The bag filling machine D is, for example, one in which the collection containers Q are arranged in a circular shape on a turntable T, and the bag set in each of the collection containers Q has a fixed position at the origin position, that is, below one end of the conveyor C2. When the amount of gypsum is packed, the weight of the gypsum is detected by a sensor (not shown), and the turntable T is rotated to operate to stop the empty collection container Q at the origin position by one frame. Thus, the gypsum can be bagged by a fixed amount and reused as a gypsum board raw material.

Although the present invention has been described above, the crusher according to the present invention has the above-described structure, and also includes the crusher shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, or FIG. 7 and the crusher shown in FIG. It is also possible to adopt a configuration such as the following.
In short, the crusher shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, or FIG. 7 can be configured such that the cutter device 114 shown in FIG.
This crusher will be described with reference to FIG. 12. The crusher 8 includes a cutter device 114 in which a crushing portion 8 faces a lower drop port 2A of a hopper 2, and crushing rollers 10, 1 provided below the crusher.
1. In addition, the cutter device 114 of this example is used.
The crushing rollers 10 and 11 have the same configuration as in the above example.
For example, the cutter device 114 includes a fixed blade 115 fixed to the machine frame along a lower drop port of the hopper, and a plurality of rotary blades 119 coaxially mounted along the fixed blade. Blades are formed at equal intervals on the outer circumference, and the blades are fixed in such a manner that the mounting angles are sequentially different in the rotation axis direction so as to be arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotation axis direction.
The crushing rollers 10 and 11 are a pair of rollers 10A, 10B and 11 having a rotation direction opposite to each other.
A, 11B, and one of the rollers 10A, 11A is urged by an elastic body toward the adjacent other roller 10B, 11B while being supported by a slidable support. The crushing roller 10 is provided below the cutter device 114, and the lower crushing roller 11 is configured such that the pair of rollers 11A and 11B rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. Here, only one set of the crushing rollers 11 is provided below the cutter device 114, or the crushing rollers 10, 1
Three or more stages can be provided by adding another crushing roller in addition to the one. Further, as the rotary blade 119, two blade portions 119A formed at 180 degree intervals or four blade portions 119A formed at 90 degree intervals may be used, and the blade portions 119A in the axial direction may be formed.
Are also helical, V-shaped and others. The rotation shaft 11
It goes without saying that a key can be used as a method of attaching the rotary blade 119 to the rotary blade 8, and bolting can be used.

Next, FIG. 13 shows a more preferable example of the crusher according to the present invention. The crusher of this example is also used mainly for crushing a gypsum board. In the figure, 2
Reference numeral 01 denotes a machine frame formed by combining a shape steel or a steel plate, and the like.
A pyramid-shaped hopper 202 is formed on the upper part. 20
Reference numeral 3 denotes the opening / closing lid, and a balance weight 204 is attached to the hinge side of the opening / closing lid 203. A plurality of roller pairs 205A, 20A are provided below the hopper 202.
5B, 206A, 206B, and 207A, 207B are provided vertically separated from each other. Among them, the uppermost roller pair 205A, 205B can face the lower drop port 202A of the hopper as a cutting blade roller 205 for crushing the raw material supplied from the hopper 202 into chips.

In particular, this cutting blade roller 205 is a primary crushing chamber 208 formed along the lower drop opening 202A of the hopper.
The roller pair 205A and 205B are rotated in opposite directions so as to scrape the raw material supplied from the hopper 202 therebetween. A drive system 209 includes a drive source 210 including an electric motor, a speed reducer 211 directly connected to the drive source 210, a torque limiter 213 linked to a chain 212 to an output shaft thereof,
And its torque limiter 213 and roller pair 205A, 2
The sprocket 214A mounted on each rotary shaft
214B and an endless chain 216 linking a tension sprocket 215 and the like. Here, the torque limiter 213 is formed of a coupling clutch that interrupts power according to the load applied to the cutting blade roller 205, and the sprocket 215 is rotatably attached to one end of the swing arm 217 to automatically reduce the tension of the chain 216. Can be adjusted.

On the other hand, the other roller pairs 206A, 206B,
And 207A and 207B are installed in a secondary crushing chamber 218 formed below the primary crushing chamber 208 as crushing rollers 206 and 207 for finely crushing the raw material crushed into chips by the cutting blade roller 205. . 219
Is a passage communicating between the primary crushing chamber 208 and the secondary crushing chamber 218, and the upper crushing roller 2 facing the passage 219.
06 and the lower side crushing roller 207 provided below the crushing roller also have a pair of rollers 20 like the cutting blade roller 205.
6A, 206B and 207A, 207B rotate in opposite directions. Reference numeral 220 denotes a drive system, and the drive system 220 is a drive source 22 composed of an electric motor.
1. The power of the reduction gear 222 directly connected thereto and the output shaft thereof is transmitted to each roller pair 206A, 206B and 207A,
A sprocket 223A mounted on the rotation shaft of the 207B,
223B, 224A, 224B and a number of sprockets 225 to 231 and a chain 232 to 2
34.

The crushing rollers 206 and 207 of this embodiment have the same structure as the crushing rollers 10 and 11 described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, and therefore detailed description is omitted. In addition to changing the speed of the roller pair 207A, 207B, the upper crushing roller 206 may also provide a speed difference to the roller pair 206A, 206B, or is limited to providing two sets of crushing rollers 206, 207. For example, a pair of crushing rollers 207 having a speed difference
Or two sets of crushing rollers 206 and 207
Further, another crushing roller may be added. Further, in this embodiment, a chute 235 is provided below the crushing roller 207, and the crushed material is collected through the chute 235. However, the vibration is generated between the chute 235 and the crushing roller 207 as in the above example. The crushed material can be sieved according to the particle size by interposing a sorter such as a sieve.

Here, the cutting blade roller 205 will be described in detail. The cutting blade roller 205 is formed by alternately attaching rotating blades 238 to a parallel rotating shaft 236 via spacers 237 as shown in FIG. Be composed. Each of the rotary blades 238 is a ring-shaped hard metal formed by performing a heat treatment or the like. As shown in FIG. 15, for example, three beak-shaped blade portions 239 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery. Is done. Reference numeral 240 denotes a boss formed at the center of the boss, and a key groove 241 is formed in the boss 240.
On the other hand, the spacer 237 is also a ring-shaped hard metal formed by performing a heat treatment or the like, and three beak-shaped blade portions 242 such as a rotary blade 238 are formed on the outer periphery thereof at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. At the same time, a boss 243 and a key groove 244 that match the boss 240 of the rotary blade are formed at the center. The spacer 237 not only functions to adjust the interval between the adjacent rotary blades 238, but also functions as a receiving blade when the raw material is crushed by the rotary blade 238 facing the rotary blade 238 mounted on the opposite rotary shaft 236. I do.

Here, each rotary blade 238 is mounted on the rotary shaft 236 along the lower drop port 202A of the hopper, and each rotary blade 238 has a different position similarly to the rotary cutter shown in FIG. The key shaft 241 is provided so as to be arranged at different mounting angles in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 236.

That is, as is apparent from FIG. 14, the rotary blades 238 are fixed to the rotary shaft 236 in order so that the blade portions 239 are arranged in a non-series (for example, spiral) shape with respect to the rotary shaft 236 direction. For this reason, each blade portion 239 sequentially contacts the raw material introduced from the lower drop port 202A of the hopper in the direction of the rotation axis, and can be crushed smoothly and reliably while scraping it little by little with a low load.

[0050]

As is apparent from the above description, the crusher according to the present invention has two sets of crushing rollers which are vertically separated from each other. The raw material can be crushed to a predetermined size in order by dispersing it.Moreover, in the lower crushing roller, the pair of rollers are reversed with a predetermined speed difference, so that the primary crushed raw material is frictionally applied. It can be in powder form. In particular, in the case of a gypsum board, gypsum, which is a main component of the gypsum board, can be pulverized and separated from the facing paper.

In each of the crushing rollers, one of the crushing rollers has a predetermined movable range and is urged by an elastic body to the adjacent other roller. There is no need to separate the raw materials, and the supplied raw materials can be smoothly crushed under a constant pressing force.

Further, since a separator for sifting the crushed raw material is provided, the separation and collection thereof can be performed easily and continuously, and the separator is interlocked with the crushing roller via the vibrating means. The crushing roller and the sorting machine can be driven by a common drive source,
The size can be reduced.

Further, since the cutting blade roller and the cutter device are provided above the crushing roller, the raw material can be roughly crushed into chips before being crushed by the crushing roller and then supplied to the crushing roller. Raw materials can be finely and smoothly crushed. In particular, since the cutting blade roller and the cutter device each have a plurality of rotary blades that are coaxially mounted, each of the rotary blades can be individually replaced according to the progress of wear, so running costs are not required, In addition, since the blade portions of the rotary blades are arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotation axis direction, the gypsum board or the like can be crushed smoothly and reliably with a low load.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of a crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a crushing roller used in the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing an example of a device of each crushing roller.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing one of the crushing rollers.

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a modification of the sorting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of a crusher used in combination with the crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a rotary blade used for the crusher of the present application or the crusher shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a state where the rotary blade is mounted coaxially.

FIG. 11 is a crushing process diagram of a gypsum board using the crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic side view showing a more preferable example of the crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a cutting blade roller used in the crusher of FIG. 14;

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a rotary blade of a cutting blade roller.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine frame 2 Hopper 8 Crush part 9 Crush chamber 10 Crush roller 10A, 10B roller 11 Crush roller 11A, 11B roller 12 Electric motor 17 Sorter 24 Crank mechanism 25 Screen 26 Side plate 32 Supporting tool 38 Elastic body 114 Cutter device 115 Fixed blade 118 Rotary shaft 119 Rotary blade 119A Blade 202 Hopper 202A Lower drop 205 Cutting blade roller 205A, 205B A pair of rollers 206, 207 Crushing roller 206A, 206B A pair of rollers 207A, 207B A pair of rollers (Roller pair) 236 Rotary shaft 238 Rotary blade 239 Blade part

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D063 CC01 CC06 GA10 GC01 GC07 GC17 GC21 4D065 CA16 CB10 CC01 DD04 DD18 DD24 EB20 EC09 ED01 ED12 ED16 ED18 ED23 ED27 4D067 DD03 DD08 DD13 DD14 GA20 GB07

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A crushing roller comprising a pair of parallel rollers having rotation directions opposite to each other is provided near a lower drop port of a hopper, and a raw material supplied from the lower drop port of the hopper is passed between the rollers. A crusher adapted to be crushed, and another crushing roller is provided below the crushing roller so that a pair of rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference, and below the hopper. A crusher comprising a sorter for sifting the crushed raw material through each of the crushing rollers. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein each of the crushing rollers has a predetermined movable range and one of the crushing rollers is urged by an elastic body toward another adjacent roller. 3. A crusher comprising: a hopper for charging a raw material; a crushing section provided below the hopper; and a separator for sifting the crushed raw material that has passed through the crushing section, wherein the crushing section includes upper and lower crushers. And two sets of crushing rollers which are spaced apart from each other, and each of the crushing rollers is constituted by a pair of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other, and one of the rollers is slidably supported. The upper crushing roller faces the lower dropout of the hopper for primary crushing, and the lower crushing roller is paired for secondary crushing while being supported by the elastic body toward the other adjacent roller. Wherein the rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. 4. A plurality of pairs of parallel rollers whose rotation directions are opposite to each other are provided below the hopper and are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the raw material supplied from the hopper is passed through each roller pair in order. A crusher designed to be crushed, and the uppermost roller pair is configured as a cutting blade roller for crushing the raw material from the hopper into chips by alternately attaching rotating blades to a pair of parallel rotating shafts, Each of the rotary blades has a blade portion formed at an equal interval on the outer periphery, and is fixed with the mounting angles sequentially changed in the rotation axis direction so that the blade portions are arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotation axis direction. The other roller pair grinds the raw material broken into chips by being biased by an elastic body toward the other adjacent roller while one of the rollers is supported by a slidable support. Composed as crushing roller Crusher, wherein the crushing rollers comprise at least one pair of rollers that rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. 5. A crusher provided with a cutter device and a crushing roller below a hopper, wherein the raw material supplied from the hopper is sequentially passed through the cutter device and the crushing roller to crush the crusher. Consists of a fixed blade fixed to the machine frame along the lower drop port of the hopper and a plurality of rotary blades coaxially mounted along the fixed blade, each of which has an equally spaced blade portion on its outer periphery. It is formed and fixed so that the blades are arranged in a non-series manner with respect to the rotation axis direction in a different order in the rotation axis direction, and the crushing rollers are arranged in parallel below the cutter device. A crusher comprising a pair of rollers, wherein the pair of rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. 6. A crusher comprising: a hopper for charging a raw material; a crushing section provided below the hopper; and a separator for sifting the crushed raw material that has passed through the crushing section, wherein the crushing section includes a hopper. And a pair of crushing rollers provided vertically below and below the cutter device, wherein the cutter device is fixed to the machine frame along the lower dropper of the hopper. It consists of a blade and a plurality of rotary blades mounted coaxially along the fixed blade, each of which has an equally spaced blade portion on its outer periphery and the blade portion is non-series in the rotation axis direction. The crushing rollers are each composed of a pair of rollers arranged in parallel, the rotation directions of which are opposite to each other, and one of the rollers is slidable. The crushing roller of the upper stage is provided along the cutter device below the crushing roller, and the crushing roller of the lower stage is urged by the elastic body toward the other adjacent roller while being supported by the movable support tool. A crusher characterized in that a pair of rollers rotate in opposite directions with a predetermined speed difference. 7. A sorting machine having a porous screen forming a bottom portion thereof and side plates provided on both sides of the screen is provided so as to be swingable below a crushing section. 7. The crusher according to claim 3, wherein a vibrating means driven in conjunction with the crushing roller is connected.