JPH115038A - Shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shredder capable of cutting grass and woods and packaging materials, etc., to be discharged as trash into small chips. SOLUTION: This shredder is provided with a charging port 2 of an article to be cut, a rotary knife 5, a receiving knife 6, and a feed roller 7. The feed roller 7 is provided in a path leading from the charging port 2 of the article to be cut to a confronting part against the rotary knife 5 and the receiving knife 6. When the article to be cut is charged from the charging port 2 of the article to be cut, the article to be cut comes into contact with the feed roller 7, fed to the confronting part against the rotary knife 5 and the receiving knife 6 with rotation of the feed roller 7 to be cut at the confronting part, thus it is cut and chips are produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shredder for shredding various objects, and more particularly to shredding plants and plants such as flowers and trees to be disposed of as garbage, and wastes such as packing materials. It relates to a suitable shredder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the past, plants and plants such as flowers and trees were generally discarded as garbage as they were or simply cut to a certain extent with plant shears or saws. Also, when packaging materials and the like are discarded, they are folded or rolled up at most.

[0003]

For this reason, these wastes have a problem that the apparent volume becomes very large and hinders the disposal of refuse.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional circumstances, and one object of the present invention is to provide a shredder capable of shredding various objects.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shredder capable of shredding wastes such as plants, packing materials and the like as shredded objects, greatly reducing the volume thereof, and reducing the amount of dust. Is to provide.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a safe shredder.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a shredding machine capable of detecting an excessively large amount of shredded material and returning the shredded material to the throwing side. To provide.

[0008] Still other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

[0009]

The shredding machine according to the present invention comprises:
A to-be-cut object inlet, a rotary blade, a rotary blade driving device for driving and rotating the rotary blade, a receiving blade provided in close proximity to the rotary blade, and a rotary blade from the to-be-cut object inlet. And a feed roll that is provided in a path leading to an opposing portion of the receiving blade and that is in contact with the shredded object input from the shredded object input port, and that the feed roll is rotated by rotation of the feed roll. A feed roll driving device for driving and rotating the shredded object in a direction in which the cut object is fed into an opposing portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade.

In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shredded object guide for guiding the shredded object from the shredded object inlet to a portion facing the rotary blade and the receiving blade, The outer periphery of the feed roll faces the shredded material guide,
The object to be shredded passes between the feed roll and the object to be shredded guide and is fed to the opposed portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer circumferences of the first and second feed rolls are opposed to each other, and the shredded object passes between the first and second feed rolls and the rotary blade and the rotary blade. It is sent to the part facing the receiving blade.

As the rotary blade, for example, a rotary blade having a plurality of blades extending spirally around the axis of the rotary blade can be used.

According to the present invention, when the shredded object input from the shredded object inlet contacts the feed roll, the shredded object is sent to the opposing portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade by rotation of the feed roll. As a result of being cut at the facing portion, it is cut into chips. Thereby, the volume of the object to be shredded can be significantly reduced.

Further, if the surface of the feed roll is smooth, the chopped object is shifted laterally during cutting (that is, moves in the axial direction of the rotary blade) and cannot be cut well. If a large number of projections are provided, these projections engage with the object to be shredded and suppress the lateral movement of the object to be shredded, so that the object to be shredded can be finely shredded. .

[0015] In particular, if the projection is formed in a sawtooth shape at the tip of a plurality of plate-like portions projecting inclining toward the forward rotation direction of the feed roll with respect to the radial direction of the feed roll, the projection is formed. This makes it easier for the part to bite into the object to be cut on the input side and to come off easily on the rotary blade side, so that the object to be shredded can be smoothly fed to the opposing part between the rotary blade and the receiving blade.

In still another aspect of the present invention, an input door is rotatably provided in the vicinity of the cut object input port, and when the input port door is not pushed by the cut object, While closing the path from the cut-piece input port to the opposing portion of the rotary blade and the receiving blade, when the cut-piece is inserted from the cut-piece input port, the cut-piece is To open the path. Further, a loading sensor that detects opening and closing of the loading port door, and when the loading sensor detects that the loading port door is opened, while operating the rotary blade drive device and the feed roll drive device, When the input sensor detects that the input port door is closed, the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device are further provided with a control device for stopping the rotary blade and the feed roll after a lapse of a predetermined time. In this case, when the shredded object is thrown in from the vegetation throwing opening and the throwing-in door is opened, the throwing-in detection sensor detects the opening, and the control device sends the rotating blade drive device and the feed roll drive device a rotary blade. Since the feed roll is rotated, the object to be shredded is shredded as described above. When the shredded object passes through the input port door and the input port door closes, the control device causes the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device to stop the rotary blade and the feed roll after a certain period of time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an accident in which the worker puts his hand from the input port to the rotary blade or the feed roll and the hand is cut off, which is safe.

In still another aspect of the present invention, the distance between the feed roll and the shredded object guide is made variable, and the feed roll and the shredded object guide are urged in a direction to decrease the distance. An input amount detection sensor that detects a distance between the feed roll and the shredded object guide, and the input amount detection sensor detects that the distance between the feed roll and the shredded object guide is equal to or more than a predetermined value. , The feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device stop the feed roll and the rotary blade, and after a certain period of time, the feed roller driving device and the rotary blade driving device feed the feed roller and the rotary blade driving device. A control device for reversing the roll and the rotary blade is further provided.

[0018] In this case, when the input amount of the object to be shredded exceeds a predetermined value, the distance between the feed roll and the object to be shredded becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value, and the input amount sensor detects the distance.
The control device causes the feed roll drive device and the rotary blade drive device to stop the feed roll and the rotary blade, and after a certain period of time, causes the feed roll drive device and the rotary blade drive device to reverse the feed roll and the rotary blade. Therefore, the shredded object is returned to the loading side, and overload is prevented.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first and second feed rolls is variable, and the first and second feed rolls are urged in a direction to decrease the distance.
And the input amount detection sensor that detects the distance between the first and second feed rolls, and when the input amount detection sensor detects that the distance between the first and second feed rolls is equal to or greater than a certain value, The feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device stop the feed roll and the rotary blade, and after a lapse of a predetermined time, the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device reverse the feed roll and the rotary blade. A control device is further provided.

Also in this case, the overload is prevented in the same manner as described above.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments.

[0022]

1 to 6 show one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
An opening lid 3 for opening and closing the shredded object insertion opening 2 is provided. A lattice 4 is provided in the shredded material inlet 2 so that a hand cannot be put into the housing 1 from the inlet 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rotary blade 5 is accommodated in the housing 1 with its axial direction oriented in the horizontal direction. This rotary blade 5 is, as shown in FIGS.
The rotary blade 5 includes a plurality of blades 5a extending spirally around a shaft 5b. A receiving blade 6 is provided semi-fixed in the housing 1 in a position obliquely below the cut-piece input port 2 and close to the rotary blade 5, and the installation position of the receiving blade 6 is slightly adjusted. It is possible. A pair of left and right feed roll arms 20 are supported on the housing 1 so that the lower ends thereof are rotatable around a support shaft 21 within a certain range.
A feed roll 7 is rotatably supported between the upper ends of the rotary blades with the axial direction thereof being parallel to the axial direction of the rotary blade 5. As a result, the feed roll 7 is
In the vicinity of the upper part of the support member 6 and the receiving blade 6, as shown by an arrow F, it is rotatable within a certain range around the support shaft 21. The feed roll 7 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of projection plates 8 extending in a direction parallel to the axial direction are attached, and a part of each projection plate 8 (a plate portion in the present embodiment) is formed in a radial direction of the feed roll 7. The feed roll 7 is tilted and raised in the forward direction of the feed roll 7, and has a serrated projection 9 at its tip.
Are provided.

The rotary blade 5 is normally rotated clockwise (direction of arrow A) in FIG. 2 by a rotary blade driving device (not shown). The feed roll 7
Is normally rotated clockwise (in the direction of arrow B) in FIG. 2 at a speed lower than that of the rotary blade 5 by a feed roll driving device (not shown). In this embodiment, a part of the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device is constituted by common components.

The housing 1 extends from the vicinity of the lower edge of the to-be-cut object inlet 2 to the vicinity of the receiving blade 6. A plate-shaped object guide 10 for guiding the object to be cut is provided, and a support plate 11 extending from the vicinity of the upper edge of the object inlet 2 to the vicinity of the feed roll 7 is provided. ing. The shredded object guide 10 is provided with an appropriate number of straightening plates 24, which rise vertically from the upper surface of the guide 10 and extend in a direction perpendicular to the feed roll 7. An inlet door 12 is provided near the shredded object inlet 2. The loading door 12 has its upper end supported by the support plate 11 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotary blade 5, and is not pushed by the object to be shredded. Hangs in the vertical direction due to gravity, thereby closing the path from the cut-piece input port 2 to the opposing portion of the rotary blade 5 and the receiving blade 6, while the cut-piece is input from the cut-piece input port 2. Then, it is pushed by the shredded object and turned upward to open the path. An input sensor 13 is provided near the support plate 11, and the input sensor 13 is connected to the input door 12.
Open / close detection.

A control device (not shown) includes a closing sensor 1
3 detects that the input door 12 has been opened, the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device rotate the rotary blade 5 and the feed roll 7, respectively. When the closing is detected, the rotating blade 5 and the feed roll 7 are stopped by the rotating blade driving device and the feed roll driving device, respectively, after a lapse of a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds).

A rotation sensor (not shown) for detecting the rotation of the rotary blade 5 is provided near the rotary blade 5.
When the rotation sensor 27 detects that the rotation speed of the rotary blade 5 has decreased by a certain value or more, the control device causes the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade drive device to stop the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5, and further for a certain period of time ( For example, a few seconds)
After the lapse of time, the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device reversely rotate the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5 for a predetermined time (for example, several seconds).

A lever 22 is fixed to the feed roll arm 20. A tension spring 23 is interposed between the lever 22 and the housing 1. The spring 23 attaches the feed roll 7 via the lever 22 and the feed roll arm 20 in a direction approaching the shredded object guide 10. I'm going. In the vicinity of the feed roll arm 20, there is provided an input amount detection sensor 25 comprising a proximity switch. This sensor 25 is connected to the feed roll 7 and the shredded object guide through a change in the rotation angle of the feed roll arm 20. 10 is detected. The control device is configured so that the input amount detection sensor 25
When it is detected that the distance between the feed roller driving device and the rotary blade driving device is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the feed roller 7 and the rotary blade 5 are connected to the feed roller driving device and the rotary blade driving device.
Is stopped, and after a certain time (for example, several seconds) elapses, the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device reverse the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5 for a certain time (for example, several seconds).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a chip bucket 15 provided with casters 14 can be accommodated in a portion below the rotary blade 5 and the receiving blade 6 in the housing 1. The chip bucket 15 can be taken out of the housing 1 by being pulled out in the direction of arrow D in FIGS. In the housing 1,
A bucket presence / absence sensor 26 for detecting whether or not the chip bucket 15 is accommodated in the housing 1 is provided.
When the chip bucket 15 is not accommodated in the housing 1, the shredder does not operate.

A cover 28 is provided in the vicinity of the rotary blade 5 to cover the side and the upper side of the rotary blade 5. In the vicinity of the upper end of the cover 28 and above the feed roll 7, a scattering prevention brush 27 for preventing fragments of the shredded object from scattering.
Is provided.

When shredded objects such as plants, packing materials and the like are shredded by this shredder, the opening lid 3 is opened, and the shredded objects are passed through the gap of the lattice 4 from the shredded object inlet 2. Put into the housing 1. Then, the object to be shredded guided by the object to be shredded guide 10 pushes the input port door 12, and rotates the input port door 12 upward as shown by the arrow C in FIG. The sensing sensor 13 detects the insertion of the shredded object, and the control device causes the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device to rotate the rotary blade 5 and the feed roll 7, respectively. Accordingly, the shredded object in contact with the feed roll 7 passes between the feed roll 7 and the shredded object guide 10 due to the rotation of the feed roll 7 and is sent to an opposing portion between the rotary blade 5 and the receiving blade 6. As a result of being cut at the facing portion, it is chopped into chips and the chip bucket 1
Fall into 5. By being chipped in this manner, the volume of the shredded object is reduced to about 1/3.

According to this shredder, plants and packing materials can be cut well, and a binding band made of polypropylene or the like used for packing can be cut well.

If the surface of the feed roll 7 is smooth, the chopped object is shifted laterally (that is, moves in the axial direction of the rotary blade 5) at the time of cutting, and is not cut well. Is provided with a large number of projections 9 on the feed roll 7, and these projections 9 engage with the object to be shredded to suppress the lateral movement of the object to be shredded. Can be shredded. Particularly, as in the present embodiment, the projecting portion 9 is formed by projecting a plurality of plate-like portions (rising portions of the projecting portion plate 8) inclined and protruding toward the forward rotation direction of the feed roll 7 with respect to the radial direction of the feed roll 7. )
If the protruding portion 9 is formed in a saw-tooth shape at the tip end, the protruding portion 9 can easily bite into the cut object on the input side and easily come off on the rotary blade 5 side, so that the cut object can be smoothly connected to the rotary blade 5 and the receiving blade. 6 can be sent to the opposite portion.

In this embodiment, the object to be shredded is
Guide 1 for guiding toward the opposing portion of the blade and the receiving blade 6
Since the rectifying plate 24 is provided at 0, the lateral displacement of the shredded object can also be prevented.

When the shredded object has passed through the inlet door 12, the inlet door 12 closes again. When the loading sensor 13 detects that the loading door 12 has been closed in this way, the control device operates for a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds).
The operation of the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device is stopped after elapse of (second), so that the rotation of the rotary blade 5 and the feed roll 7 is stopped. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the input door 12 is closed and the rotary blade 5 and the feed roll 7 are stopped except when the object to be shredded passes. For this reason, even in a state where the grid 4 is removed, it is possible to prevent an accident in which the operator puts his hand from the insertion port 2 to the rotary blade 5 or the feed roll 7 and the hand is cut off. Is even more secure.

When the amount of the material to be shredded exceeds a predetermined value, the distance between the feed roll 7 and the guide for the material to be shredded becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value. Then, the control device causes the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device to stop the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5, and further after a certain time (for example, several seconds) elapses, the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device Then, the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5 are reversed for a certain time (for example, several seconds). This allows the shredded material to return to the loading side, preventing overload.

When a foreign substance such as metal which is difficult to cut is input and the rotary blade 5 bites the foreign substance or the like, the number of rotations of the rotary blade 5 decreases by a certain value or more. The control device causes the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device to stop the feed roll 7 and the rotary blade 5, and further after a predetermined time (for example, several seconds) elapses, the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device feed the feed roll. 7 and the rotary blade 5 are reversed for a certain period of time (for example, several seconds). Thereby, the foreign matter is returned to the loading side, the load state is eliminated, and the rotating blades 5,
Devices such as the receiving blade 6 and the drive mechanism are prevented from being damaged.

The chips dropped into the chip bucket 15 can be taken out of the housing 1 together with the chip bucket 15. Further, in a state where the tip bucket 15 is taken out of the housing 1, the lower part of the rotary blade 5 is opened, and it is dangerous if the rotary blade 5 is rotated in this state. When the bucket presence / absence sensor 26 detects that the chip bucket 15 is not accommodated in the housing 1, the shredder is not operated, so that it is safe.

In this embodiment, when the input port door 12 is not pressed by the shredded object, it is closed by gravity. However, the input port door 12 is closed by a biasing means such as a spring. Is also good.

In this embodiment, in order to make the distance between the feed roll 7 and the shredded material guide 10 variable,
Although the position of the feed roll 7 is made variable and the position of the shredded object guide 10 is fixed, the position of the feed roll is fixed and the position of the shredded object guide is made variable. Good, feed roll 7 and shredded material guide 1
Both positions of 0 may be variable.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the shredded object guide 10 is provided in the horizontal direction, and the shredded object is thrown in the horizontal direction as indicated by an arrow E. The first and second feed rolls 7 are provided between the object guide 10 and the rotary blade 5.
a, 7b are provided vertically one above the other with their peripheries facing each other, and the first and second feed rolls 7a, 7b are rotated in opposite directions to each other, so that the shredded object guide 10 is provided. Of the first and second feed rolls 7a, 7b
It passes through the gap and is fed to the opposing portion between the rotary blade 5 and the receiving blade 6.

The position of the first feed roll 7a is made variable within a certain range in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, while the position of the second feed roll 7b is fixed. The second feed rolls 7a and 7b have a variable inter-axis distance therebetween.
The first feed roll 7a is urged by a spring 23 via a lever 22 and a field roll arm 20 in a direction in which the distance between the first and second feed rolls 7a and 7b decreases. An input amount detection sensor 25 for detecting a distance between the first and second feed rolls 7a and 7b is provided, and the input amount detection sensor 25 is connected to the first and second feed rolls 7a and 7b.
When the control device (not shown) detects that the distance between the rollers 7b has become equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control device (not shown) causes the feed roller driving device and the rotary blade driving device to stop the feed rollers 7a, 7b and the rotary blade 5, and furthermore, a predetermined time has elapsed. Later, a feed roll 7 is supplied to the feed roll drive and the rotary blade drive.
a, 7b and the rotary blade 5 are reversed. Other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment.

In this embodiment, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

In this embodiment, in order to make the distance between the first and second feed rolls 7a and 7b variable,
Although the position of one feed roll 7a is variable and the position of the other feed roll 7b is fixed, the positions of both feed rolls 7a and 7b may be variable.

The shredder according to the present invention can also be used for shredding wastes other than plants and packing materials. The shredder according to the present invention can also be used for shredding items other than waste.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, (a) various objects can be shredded.

(B) Waste can be cut into pieces to be shredded, the volume can be greatly reduced, and the amount of dust can be reduced. Is closed and the rotary blade and the feed roll are stopped, so that an operator may reach into the rotary blade or the feed roll from the input port and cut the hand. (D) When the input amount of the shredded object becomes excessive, it is detected, and the input shredded object can be returned to the input side. It is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a shredder according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a rotary blade in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a feed roll in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the feed roll.

FIG. 6 shows a projection plate of the feed roll by an arrow G in FIG.
It is the figure seen in the direction.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 shredded material inlet 5 rotary blade 5 a blade 5 b shaft of rotary blade 6 receiving blade 7, 7 a, 7 b feed roll 8 protruding plate 9 protruding portion 10 shredded material guide 12 input port door 13 input sensor 25 input Quantity sensing sensor

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An object to be cut, a rotary blade, a rotary blade driving device for driving and rotating the rotary blade, a receiving blade provided close to the rotary blade, A feed roll that is provided in a path from a mouth to an opposing portion of the rotary blade and the receiving blade, and that contacts a shredded object input from the shredded object input port, A shredding machine comprising: a feed roll driving device that drives and rotates in a direction in which the shredded object is fed into an opposing portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade by rotation of a feed roll. 2. A shredded object guide for guiding the shredded object from the shredded object input port toward an opposing portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade, wherein the feed roll includes The outer periphery is opposed to the shredder guide, and the shredder passes through the space between the feed roll and the shredder guide and is sent to an opposing portion between the rotary blade and the receiving blade. Item 1. Shredder according to Item 1. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a first and a second feed rolls whose outer circumferences are opposed to each other, wherein the object to be cut passes between the first and the second feed rolls, and The shredder according to claim 1, wherein the shredder is fed to a portion facing the receiving blade. 4. A rotary blade and a receiving blade which are rotatably provided in the vicinity of the to-be-cut object input port and which are not pushed by the to-be-cut object from the to-be-cut object input port. While closing the path leading to the opposing portion, when the shredded object is input from the shredded object input port, the input door that is pushed by the shredded object to open the path, An input sensor for detecting the opening and closing of the feed roller, and when the input sensor detects that the input port door is opened, the feed roller and the rotary blade are rotated by the rotary blade driving device and the feed roll driving device. On the other hand, when the input detection sensor detects that the input port door is closed, a control device for stopping the feed roll and the rotary blade to the feed roll driving device and the rotary blade driving device after a predetermined time has passed. To The shredder according to claim 1, 2, or 3. 5. The feed roll and the shredded object guide have a variable distance between each other, and are urged in a direction to decrease the distance. A feed amount sensor for detecting a distance between the feed roll and the feed roll, wherein the feed amount sensor detects that a distance between the feed roll and the shredded material guide is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; A control device that causes the drive device and the rotary blade drive device to stop the feed roll and the rotary blade, and further causes the feed roll drive device and the rotary blade drive device to rotate the feed roll and the rotary blade in reverse after a lapse of a predetermined time. The shredder according to claim 2, further comprising: 6. The distance between the first and second feed rolls is variable, and the first and second feed rolls are urged in a direction in which the distance decreases. When the input amount sensor detects that the distance between the feed roll and the shredded object guide has become equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the feed roll driving device and the input amount sensor detect the input amount. A control device that causes the rotary blade drive device to stop the feed roll and the rotary blade, and further causes the feed roll drive device and the rotary blade drive device to reverse the feed roll and the rotary blade after a lapse of a predetermined time. Item 7. A shredder according to Item 3. 7. The rotary blade includes a plurality of blades extending spirally around an axis of the rotary blade.
Shredder according to 3, 4, 5 or 6. 8. The shredding machine according to claim 1, wherein said feed roll is provided with a large number of projections on an outer periphery. 9. The protruding portion is formed in a saw-tooth shape at a tip end of a plurality of plate-like portions projecting obliquely in a forward direction of the feed roll with respect to a radial direction of the feed roll. Item 10. Shredder according to Item 8.