IT201600103832A1 - Double shaft machine feed system eats waste. - Google Patents

Description

“Feeding system for two-shaft waste-eating machine”.

Summary

The present invention refers to a "system" intended to ensure the correct power supply of; plastic bottles and cups, aluminum and / or metal cans, other to a machine, in particular it eats waste from consumption.

In one of its embodiments it comprises: a main shaft (cutting unit); a secondary shaft (anti-jamming unit), loaded by a duct at a predetermined distance from the ground.

The correct power supply is ensured by sensors of; presence, identification, counting (piece numbering), and from the "open / close" device of the loading duct, and / or, from the power supply unit with the spiral-shaped linear profile duct, both necessary for operator safety in the case of machines designed for waste loading with reduced distance from the ground.

Particularly noteworthy is the possibility of collecting the processed product, also from remote auxiliary warehouse for larger volume capacities, served by an adequate pressure blowing unit.

Furthermore, the "system" is enslaved by a control motherboard, with appropriate control and programming "software".

Field of application of the invention

The present invention refers to a feeding system, intended for the construction of a so-called "waste-eating" machine; (plastic bottles and cups, aluminum and metal cans, other), as a product according to EWC codes (European Waste Catalog) considered primary, a secondary classified product, suitable for "recycling" for the production of regenerated items, with significant savings in economic, ecological terms and very small volumes of harvested "product".

Description of the known art

When recycling waste from consumption such as; plastic bottles and cups, aluminum and metal cans, other, as waste of the day, small or medium-sized ones see in particular; condominiums, restaurants, offices, shopping centers, gyms,… .. etc., it is essential that the so-called “machine” eats waste is suitable for the service in charge. The use of so-called "compactors" "machines" for this primary recycling of the aforementioned consumer waste has been known for some time.

Mainly, the same "machines" collect in their warehouse product still classified as "waste", therefore not suitable for immediate use for the production of regenerated items or other, and furthermore, the economic and ecological advantage is lost in a significant way, for the necessary following processes to obtain the secondary product, as well as other lost advantages due to the minimum reductions in terms of volume, compared to the warehouse required by the primary product.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a two-shaft waste-eating machine feeding system which does not have the drawbacks of the aforementioned classic machines, and which is particularly simple and reliable.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a "system", having a structure that is easy to make.

Summary of the invention

These and other objects are achieved in accordance with the present invention, by means of a waste-eating twin-shaft machine feeding system, comprising: cutting unit; anti-jamming unit; remote blowing unit auxiliary warehouse; presence and counting sensors group (piece numbering); open / closed group of the loading duct; control unit group (control motherboard and control and programming software, all supported by a suitable structure with loading surface for the operator, at a predetermined distance from the ground in order to guarantee the required safety standards.

Further advantageous aspects of the present invention are set out in the dependent claims.

Using a second shaft (anti-jamming unit), a correct continuity of supply to the loading mouth of the cutting unit is obtained, compared to those obtainable through the known art.

Furthermore, the invention has an embodiment of simple construction.

Further, in an advantageous aspect of the present invention, with the introduction of: a group opens / closes the operator safety shutter of the loading duct; a group of sensors for presence, identification, counting (piece numbering); a blow unit for remote launch on an auxiliary warehouse; a motherboard for commands with relative control software and operating cycle programming, the smallest footprint is guaranteed, the right power used, the greatest production capacity, good reliability, simplicity of manufacture, operating safety, the best ecology for the environment, the right economy of savings, for the use of the waste-eating twin-shaft machine feeding system.

Brief description of the figures

The characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become evident from the following description of a practical embodiment thereof, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure (a) represents a typical machine (compactor) according to the known art; the primary product (consumer waste) is in some way crushed or compressed, i.e. partially reduced in volume and collected as waste and not as a secondary product.

Figure (b) represents a typical practical implementation of the invention, used in the raised solution machine for the largest production capacities.

Figure (c) represents a typical practical implementation of the invention, used in the lowered solution machine in particular for aluminum, metal and other similar cans.

Figure (d) represents a typical practical implementation of the invention, used in the lowered solution machine, for 250 cc cups and plastic bottles, and smaller production capacities.

Figure (e) represents a typical practical implementation of the invention, used in the remote loading solution machine of the auxiliary warehouse.

Detailed description of the invention

A machine, according to the known art is shown in figure (a), comprises according to a scheme like a loading surface (1) of the primary waste (1a), which feeds the "compactor" crushing unit (2) which in the practice reduces in various ways but to a partial extent, the volume of waste (2a) leaving it as a primary product, and collected at the exit of a warehouse (3).

A waste-eating two-shaft machine feeding system, according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in figure (b). it includes in the "overall project":

1. Cutting group;

composed of a casing where a shaft (1.1) (cutting rotor) is positioned, with main motor (1.2) at fixed or variable speed, with linear self-control of the torque. This function mainly depends on the cutting force, and within the limits of stability tolerance, it protects the main motor by reversing the direction of rotation of the torque. Special section cutters (1.3) are suitably keyed into the shaft (1.1) (cutting rotor), which develop along the axis with one and more helical principles, depending on the specific needs of the "project".

Furthermore, the casing (1.4) has, in the section of the loading mouth (1.5), a shaped opening with an angle for feeding the loading duct (1.6) as a function of the cutting power.

The "cutting" group (1) is completed by:

- appropriate series of fixed blades (1.7) required for cutting, arranged in a radial position to the cutting chamber and flush with the external profile (diameter) of the cutters (1.3);

- appropriate perforated grille (1.8) with predetermined hole diameter.

2. Anti-jamming group;

Device placed over the "cut" feeding mouth (1.5), in a preferred position of the loading / feeding duct (1.6). Mechanically it consists of a secondary shaft (2.1), where one or more pressure blades (2.2) are keyed, arranged along the main axis of rotation in a radial position. The motorization of the aforesaid shaft (2.1) can be; "Direct", that is through mechanical transmission (2.3) connected to the cutting group (1.), or "indirect" through motor group (2.4), independent and at fixed or variable speed, complete with self-control of the torque with established tolerance limits , and with the possibility of reversing the motion in case of overcoming them.

3. Power supply group;

Loading duct (1.6) cutting unit (1) and anti-jamming unit (2), preferred a vertical profile with circular section, length according to safety standards with the plate (3.1) for fixing to the base of the casing (1.3), inclined of a certain angle with respect to the main shaft axis (1.1). Necessary condition to guarantee the best feeding of the cutting unit (1).

4. Sensors group;

Said group can be constituted by a capacitive sensor (4.1) or indifferently by a photocell signal (4.2), positioned in preferred areas of the inlet supply duct (1.6) (1.5) of the "cutting" group (1). This duct (1.6) is of section and shape preferred by the specific project.

This position must take into account the start, stop and restart points:

- motors for the cutting unit (1); (motor (1.1) main shaft) and,

- of the indirect motorization, if provided, of the secondary shaft (2.4) for the anti-jamming unit (2).

5. Counting group;

This function is processed by a special electronic board, which receives the signal from the sensor group (4) and sends it to the motherboard (5.1), then transmitted to the data output port (5.2) and (5.3). These data previously processed by the software (5.4) of the motherboard (5.1), are saved or written in the preferred way and then be conveniently used; on "USB" key (5.5), and / or on customized card (5.6), and / or mini-printer supplied / service (5.7).

Said Output ports (5.2 and (5.3) are placed in a preferred position in the specific design of the machine.

6. Warehouse;

The main collection point (6.1) is located below the "cutting" unit (1), with dimensions predetermined in the machine design.

This space can be inspected from a suitable service door (6.2).

8. Control unit; composed by:

(a) - general control and command panel; (b) - electronic board with software appropriate to the specific project needs; (c) - command board / work cycle control, input / output led keyboard; (d) - wiring for the control and command of the "groups" and work services; (e) - other if provided for in the specific project applied to the machine.

9. Fairing.

The machine is covered with a structure (9.1) of a preferred shape in the specific project, carrying all the various groups, and safeguarding the safety regulations in force.

A waste-eating double shaft machine feeding system, according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in figure (c). it includes in the "overall project":

1. Cutting group; (see above fig. (b))

2. Anti-jamming group; (see above fig. (b))

3. Power supply group;

Loading duct (3.1) cutting unit (1) and anti-jamming unit (2), preferred a tube (3.2) with circular section with linear profile along the vertical axis shaped in an angled semi-spiral, so as to reach the length required by safety standards, with the plate (3.3) for fixing to the base of the casing (1.4), inclined at a certain angle with respect to the main shaft axis (1.1). Necessary condition to guarantee the best feeding of the cutting unit (1).

4. Sensors group; (see above fig. (b))

5. Counting group; (see above fig. (b))

7. Warehouse; (see above fig. (b))

8. Control unit; (see above fig. (b))

9. Fairing; (see above fig. (b))

A waste-eating double-shaft machine feeding system, according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in figure (d). it includes in the "overall project":

1. Cutting group; (see above fig. (b))

2. Anti-jamming group; (see above fig. (b))

3. Power supply group;

Appropriate device for "operator" safety, through a reduced duct (3.1) positioned in the preferred area for loading the waste to the "machine".

The project foresees a pin (3.2), with rotation of / - an angle of about 270 °, where a semi-cylindrical sector valve (3.3) is keyed, with an angular development of the external perimeter of about 270 °, formed by a shaped blade (3.4) with the external profile suitably protected.

The valve (3.3) is operated by the pin (3.2), with a special mechanical clutch for adjusting the safety pressure, closing / opening the blade (.4).

The motorization of the angular rotation / - 270 ° approximately, for the opening / closing movement of the valve (3.3), is controlled by the "presence" sensor (3.4) which gives the command "open / close" the loading mouth ( 3.5).

The inversion of the direction of angular rotation of the valve (3.3), of the degrees pre-established in the specific application "project", is controlled by suitable micro-electric (3.6) and (3.7), placed at the ends for the inversion of the motion, group (Open-close) for the safety of the loading area (3.8) of the machine.

4. Sensors group; (see above fig. (b))

5. Counting group; (see above fig. (b))

6. Warehouse; (see above fig. (b))

8. Control unit; (see above fig. (b))

9. Fairing. (see above fig. (b))

A waste-eating twin-shaft machine feeding system, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in figure (e), it includes in the "overall design":

1. Cutting group; (see above fig. (b))

2. Anti-jamming group; (see above fig. (b))

3. Power supply group; (see above fig. (b))

4. Sensors group; (see above fig. (b))

5. Counting group; (see above fig. (b))

6. Warehouse; (see above fig. (b))

7. Auxiliary warehouse;

the same is external to the machine, where in the space referred to above in point (6) of the collection area, the remote launch unit (7.1) is arranged, by means of a pressurized air blow (7.2), which regulates the launch speed according to the density of the particles cut and suitably aspirated.

8. Control unit; (see above fig. (b))

9. Fairing. (see above fig. (b))

The materials and components of the waste-eating double-shaft machine feeding system according to the present invention can be the most varied, such as mechanical, electrical, electronic, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc., depending on the needs of the specific project.

Furthermore, in accordance with the present invention, applications for more complex and articulated machines are not excluded, therefore the number of elements inserted in the actual work process, as well as the mechanical transmissions, can be in a variable number of one, and / or indifferently in a number more than one, and relate to the manufacturing technique of the machine. Any “optional-accessories” are considered to be supplied with it.

Then, among the various innovations of the invention, it is noted that the product (waste) collected in the warehouse is classified as "semi-finished", therefore, of great utility and economic advantage for the subsequent processing process.

Observing also a typical use of the "machine" object of the invention, the economy and savings in terms of; product, space, energy, useful for achieving the best result.

Any other construction detail will be suitably sized according to the updated application, and required by modern technology and will be replaceable by other technically equivalent elements.

In practice, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, and everything else required for the realization, may be any according to the requirements.

Furthermore, the foregoing as a demonstration represents the schematic methods sufficient for the expert person to implement the "project", although, in concrete application, there may be variations.

Therefore, with reference to the preceding description and the attached illustrated tables, the attached claims are expressed.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS 1. Feeding system for two-shaft waste-eating machine, used, in particular, in means fig. b; c; d; and, called to operate in machines to produce semi-finished waste according to the CER code (European Waste Catalog), characterized by the fact that a cutting device (1) comprising: main shaft carries a series of keyed cutters (1.3) with rotor; inlet mouth with truncated cone opening (1.5); secondary shaft (2.1) with presser (2.2), with direct or independent transmission; sensors (3) with identification and power supply signal; counting device (4) activated indifferently by sensors (3); motherboard (8) for general command and control, interlocked with a data processing software program; device opens and closes main loading duct (3) with rotating pin; auxiliary warehouse (7) external, loaded, preferably with air blow, group (7.1) and (7.2). 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter (1.3), has normal teeth (1.3a) and special teeth (1.3b), and has 1 (one) or more cutting edges and develops along the main axis , a helix with 1 (one) or more start according to the profile and the number of the teeth. 3. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the truncated conical opening (1.6), section (A1-B1) fig. b, has the angle measured between the "directrix" of the cone and the "Y" axis, variable between; 15 and 35 (fifteen and thirty-five) degrees, preferred about 20 degrees. 4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the presser (2.2) has 1 (one) or more blades arranged in a radial position, and distorted by 180 degrees with respect to the rotation axis. 5. System according to claims 1 and 4, characterized by the fact that the motorization of the shaft (2.1), is assisted by servo-control of the programmed working torque, by inversion of the direction of rotation in the event of exceeding the established limits. 6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensors (3) activate the "Start / Stop" command; reference means (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (7), (8). 7. System according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the data processed by the motherboard (8) are preferably saved on a "USB" key and / or printed on a customized card. 8. System according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the blade assembly (3) fig. d, rotates on a pin with sector development angle of about 270 °. 9. System according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that the mechanical command of the loading duct open / closed is given by an electrical signal. 10. System according to claims 1, 8 and 9, characterized in that the effort is regulated by a clutch.