JPH1145509A - Disk, its discriminating method and device, and its reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent illicit copying by well discriminating this illicit copying, to make it possible to deal with the illicit copying with a simple equipment, and to effectively utilize disk resources. SOLUTION: Sector numbers are A2 to A3 and discontinuous from the sectors before and behind between sector positions P1 and P2 . The sector numbers of regions E1 , E2 overlap in A2 to A3 . A security information is recorded within the specific sector ES of the region E1 . When the sector of the desired number AC1 is read by seeking, to for example, the position PC, the sector of the number AC exists in this position but the security information of the sector of the number AC is read as it is. If the read information is the normal security information, the information is executed by reading a file F1, etc. Unless the information is the normal security information, the reproduction of the disk is stopped or the disk is ejected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disc, an identification method and apparatus for the disc, and a reproduction apparatus for the disc, and more particularly to an optical disc storing software for a TV game, and an improvement on copy security suitable for discrimination and reproduction of the optical disc. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Software products such as audio software, video software, and computer programs are used for copying various recording media, for example, copying to a flexible disk and copying to a hard disk of a personal computer.
Alternatively, it has the characteristic that it can be easily modified and copyright infringement is likely to occur. At present, many illegally copied products are rampant, especially in application software such as games.

[0003] For this reason, measures for preventing unauthorized copying have been taken on media for software products, and a number of techniques for preventing unauthorized copying have been proposed. These methods can be roughly classified into a logical method for identifying an illegal copy in a signal manner and a physical method for identifying an illegal copy in a physical form. In either case, the basic idea is to record some unique code logically or physically on the medium itself or outside the medium, and by reading this, an unauthorized copy is identified. For example, a unique code that cannot be copied is recorded on a recording medium. Even if you can copy the main information such as audio / video and programs that are the original information,
The unique code part is not copied. Therefore, if the unique code portion is decoded at the time of reproduction, it is possible to discriminate an illegally copied product from a genuine product based on the presence or absence of the decoding. In general, physical methods that require significant equipment
It is more effective than a logical method that can be handled with simple equipment.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-282931 discloses that an ID program of a CD-ROM to be reproduced is read from an application program in the CD-ROM and the ID data of a CD-ROM set in a reproducing apparatus is read.
A CD-ROM playback device is disclosed which executes the application program when a match is found. CD data that cannot be copied is CD
-A catalog number recorded in a ROM or a character string such as "ABC" recorded in a specific file on a CD-ROM is used.

[0005] There is also a technique in which a special code is obtained by partially changing the format from the normal format, and an error occurs when a normal read operation is performed, thereby making it impossible to copy or identifying a copy disk. JP-A-60-21534, JP-A-62-211.
97104, and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-14771. Further, as an example of a CD, an optical disk having a special code that intentionally causes discontinuity of time information (sector number) which does not normally occur and causes discontinuity in a physical format conforming to a normal format is special. Kaihei 8-1533
No. 42 discloses this.

[0006]

However, the above background art has the following disadvantages. (1) As a basic function of security information recording, it is preferable that security information is not output as main information and cannot be found from outside. In other words, data that is invisible from outside the signal processing device for disk data,
Meaningless data is recorded on the disk as security data when viewed from a bus outside the device such as SCSI or the OS level so that the main information is not output from the processing device.

(2) Even if an illegally copied disk is manufactured based on the main information data output from the disk processing device, the security information is not copied. Further, the security information can be reliably read by an authorized processing device, and the reproduction process can be performed normally.

(3) Disk copying machines include copying machines in units of files and copying machines in units of sectors. It is desirable that any type of copying machine has a copy protection effect.

(4) In JP-A-8-153342,
Although the time information is interrupted in the lead-in area of the disc, it is preferable to set this to a general-purpose position such as a data area. With such an arrangement, more copy protection measures can be provided, and as a result, strong security can be obtained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and its object is to identify and prevent illegal copying in a favorable manner, to be able to cope with simple equipment, and to maintain compatibility. It is. Another object is to realize strong security by various security information. Still another object is to make effective use of disk resources.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a disk according to the present invention comprises a data area in which main information is recorded, wherein a non-contiguous sector number and a non-consecutive sector number are used. And a unique sector provided with a sector number that overlaps with the above. According to one of the main modes, predetermined security information is recorded in the unique sector. According to another aspect, a regular file is recorded in the unique sector, a fake file is recorded in another sector, and a sector number of the fake file is recorded in a file allocation table.

[0012] The disk identification method of the present invention is characterized in that the unique sector is accessed and the disk is identified using the security information. Also, the disk identification device includes a memory unit for storing security information set in advance; a reading unit for reading the security information of the specific sector; a reading result by this; and the security information stored in the memory unit. Identification means for identifying the disc by comparing

[0013] A disc reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes the discriminating apparatus, and further includes an exclusion means for excluding the disc when the discriminating means identifies the disc as an illegal copy. Another reproducing apparatus is a memory means for storing an offset value of a recording position of the regular file and the false file; when an access to the regular file is instructed, the offset value of the memory means is considered. Reading means for seeking;

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. First, an example of a physical track configuration of an optical disk will be described with reference to FIG. 2 to facilitate understanding of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows an example of an optical disk having a structure in which data blocks are divided into sectors. The pit row is formed in a spiral or concentric shape on the disk 10. The inner peripheral side of the pit row is a lead-in (directory) area 12, the outer peripheral side is a lead-out area 16, and an intermediate portion between them is a data area 14.

FIG. 2B shows the sectors in these areas. In this example, the sectors No. a and b are the lead-in area 12. The sectors NO.c to d are the data area 14, and the sectors NO.e to f are the lead-out area 16. Each area is a set of physical sectors, and the physical sectors are continuous from the lead-in area 12 to the lead-out area 16 and the sector N
O. is also continuous. Each sector includes a header section SA, a main data section SB, and an error correction section SC, for example, as shown in FIG. In the header SA, a sector number (sector No.), information attributes such as data and audio, and the like are recorded. User data is recorded in the main data section SB. In the error correction section SC, codes for correcting errors in the header section SA and the main data section SB are recorded.

The lead-in area 12 records physical layer management information of the disk, for example, whether it is read-only, whether it is rewritable, the starting sector number of user data, and the like. That is, most of the information is the entire disc information and does not depend on user data. The lead-in area 12 has, in addition to the above information, an undefined blank area that the disc producer can use freely.
The data area 14 is an area mainly used by the user, and stores, for example, user data, game programs, and the like. In the lead-out area 16, silence data and the like are recorded. The lead-out area 16 indicates the end of the data, and is a blank area from the end of the data recording area to the outermost periphery of the disk.

FIG. 1 shows a sector structure of a disk 10 according to the present embodiment. In (A) in the figure, the sector numbers given to the disk are shown in a graph.
(B) shows the state of the corresponding sector. In these figures, in the lead-in area 12, information on the entire disk described above is recorded as a lead-in table 20. In the first part of the data area 14, management information of the user file is recorded as a file allocation table 22. Further, in the data area 14, files F1 and F2 used by the user are recorded.

The sector number of the first sector position P0 of the lead-in area 12 is "A0", and the sector number of the last sector position Pm of the lead-out area 16 is "Am". is there. Usually, the sector number increases continuously and linearly from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the disk 10. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. That is,
Originally, the sector numbers should be A1 to A2 between the sector positions P1 and P2. However, in this embodiment, the sector numbers are A2 and A3, and the sectors before and after are disconnected and discontinuous. ing. Hereinafter, these sectors or sectors are referred to as unique sectors ES. As a result, between positions P1 and P2,
That is, the sector number of the area E1 and the positions P2 to P3, that is, the sector number of the area E2, are all overlapped at A2 to A3. Since such a unique sector exists, no sector exists between the sector numbers A1 and A2.

Next, a method for discriminating between a regular disk and a copy disk by using the above-described sector configuration will be described. (1) Method of Recording Security Information in Unique Sector As shown in FIG. 1 (B), this method uses security information (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-282931) in the unique sector ES of the area E1.
(Such as "ABC"). In such a disk, for example, a seek operation is performed at a position PC to read a sector having a target number AC1. On a regular disk, there is a sector with the number AC at that position. Therefore, in this embodiment, the security information of the sector with the number AC is read regardless, and if the information is legitimate security information, the file F1 is read and executed. For example, when the file F1 is a file of a game application, the game is started. If the read information is not legitimate security information, the reproduction of the disc is stopped or the disc is ejected.

Next, a case of a normal reproducing apparatus will be described. For example, a seek operation is performed at a position PC to search for the number AC1, but the sector with the number AC is actually read. Then, since AC> AC1, seek to the inner circumference and search for the sector with the number AC1. However, as described above, there is no sector between A1 and A2. Since A1 <AC1 <A2, there is no sector with the number AC1 anywhere on the disk. Therefore, the reproduction is stopped with a seek error.

(2) Method of Recording Fake File in Overlapping Sector Number This method utilizes the fact that the sector numbers of areas E1 and E2 overlap, as shown in FIG. 1 (C). The regular file F2 is arranged in the unique sector ES, and the fake file EF is arranged in the area E2. Then, in the file allocation table 22, a sector number corresponding to the fake file EF is recorded as the sector number of the regular file F2. In the present embodiment, when an access to the file F2 is instructed, a seek is performed to the sector with the number AC. However, the position is not the PF2 but the seek is performed, for example, by subtracting the offset value, for example, the position PC. At this position PC, there is a sector with the target number AC, and there is a regular file F2. Therefore, the regular file F2 is read, and the game application software is activated.

Next, the case of a normal reproducing apparatus will be described. When access to the file F2 is instructed, the number A
Seek to sector C At this time, seek is performed to the position PF2 according to the contents of the file allocation table 22. At this position PF2, there is a sector with the target number AC, and there is a fake file EF. Therefore, the fake file EF
Is read and executed. Then, for example, an error is displayed or a demo version of the game application is activated. That is, according to the disc of the present embodiment, in the normal reproducing apparatus, the portion of the area E1 including the regular file F2 is hidden by the portion of the area E2 including the fake file EF, and thus becomes invisible.

As described above, according to the disk of the present embodiment, a reproduction device capable of performing a special reading process can reproduce a regular file, but a normal reproduction device can access a regular file. No, it is impossible to reproduce.

Next, a case where the disc of the present embodiment is copied will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, there are two types of copying machines, one for copying in file units, and the other for copying in sector units as disclosed in JP-A-7-235130. FIGS. 3A and 3B show a copy state. FIG. 3A shows a normal disk according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3B shows a case where the normal disk is copied in file units.
(C) shows the case of copying in sector units. Hereinafter, description will be made in order.

(1) Copying in File Unit When the regular disk shown in FIG. 3A is copied in file unit, the file allocation table 22 stores the file F
The two files become visible because F1 and F2 are managed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, the lead-in table 20, the file allocation table 22, and the files F1 and F2 in the lead-in area 12 are copied. However, the unique sector ES cannot be copied because it is invisible. Therefore, the security information is not copied, whereby the playback device identifies the copy disk.

(2) Copying in sector units When the regular disk shown in FIG. 3A is copied in sector units,
Sector-by-sector copying is performed sequentially from the lead-in area 12. However, since there is a sector with a number that does not exist at the start of the unique sector ES, it is not found when copying the sector, a seek error occurs, and the copy operation stops. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3C, the lead-in table 20, the file allocation table 22, and the file F1 of the lead-in area 12 are copied, but are not copied at all after the specific sector ES. Therefore, as in the case described above, the security information is not recorded, and the reproduction device identifies the copy disk. Since the file F2 is not copied, the file F2
Software cannot be played, and copying itself is not possible.

Next, the configuration of the identification / playback apparatus according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a signal output side of a pickup 50 for reading pit string data recorded on a disk 10 is connected to an amplifier 52. The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to the data processing system 54 on one side. The data processing system 54 includes a deinterleave / correction circuit 56, a data decoder 58, and a header decoder 60. The output side of the data decoder 58 is connected to a decoding system 62, and the output side of the decoding system 62 is further connected to a post-processing system (not shown).

The output side of the header decoder 60 is connected to the disk processor 64. A memory 66 such as a semiconductor ROM is connected to the disk processor 64. The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to the servo processing system 68. The output side of the servo processing system 68 is connected to the pickup driver 70 and the motor driver 72, respectively, and these are connected to the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 74, respectively. The servo processing system 68 is also connected to the disk processor 64. Further, a host processor (main processor) 76 is provided in addition to the disk processor 64.

In the data processing system 54, the pickup 50
Deinterleaving, error correction,
Decoding is performed. Decoding is performed on the header section and the main data section of each sector. Decoding system 6
2, the decoding of the decoded main data is performed by MPEG.
And the like, whereby an image signal and an audio signal are obtained. On the other hand, in the servo processing system 68, the servo control of the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 74 is performed based on the signal input from the amplifier 52 so that the light beam of the pickup 50 traces the pit row. A dedicated disk processor 64 is used for such disk control. The memory 66 stores the unique sector E
Information necessary for file identification, such as security information in S and an offset value of a seek position, is stored. The host processor 76 functions as, for example, a main CPU for games, and performs division of labor with the disk processor 64.

As described above, the data processing system 54 is divided into a signal processing system that decodes, deinterleaves, and corrects data, and a processing system that decodes header data in a sector and reads a sector number. A system for receiving a seek command from the disk processor 64; a system for reporting the result of error correction to the disk processor 64;
There is a system for reporting header data to the disk processor 64, for example.

Next, the operation of disc identification, which is a characteristic operation of the present embodiment, will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 mainly show the operation of the disk processor 64. Also,
FIG. 5 shows an operation when security information is recorded in the unique sector shown in FIG. 1 (B). FIG. 6 shows a case where a fake file is recorded in an overlapping portion of the sector number shown in FIG. 1 (C). This is the operation in the case. Hereinafter, description will be made in order.

(1) Method of Recording Security Information in Unique Sector The disc 10 is set.
0). In the identification / playback apparatus, first, initialization is performed (step S12). That is, the spindle motor 74
As a result, the disk 10 is rotated, and the servo control is performed by the servo processing system 68 so that the pit string data can be read by the pickup 50.

Next, the pickup 50 seeks to the lead-in area 12, and reads the lead-in table 20 in the lead-in area 12. This operation is performed at the position PA in FIG.
Done in Next, the pickup 50 seeks to the position PB based on the contents of the lead-in table 20, and reads the file allocation table 22 in the data area 14 (step S14). In the example of FIG. 1B, the sector numbers of the files F1 and F2 are read. Next, the contents of the memory 66 are referred to in the disk processor 64. That is, the memory 66 stores "control of the sector number mismatch" as control data, and this is referred to. Then, the pickup 50 is sought to the position PC of the unique sector ES (step S1).
6). Originally, the sector number of the position PC is AC1, but in the present embodiment, the sector number is AC instead of the sector number AC1. However, according to the instruction from the disk processor 64, the security information at the position PC is read regardless of the discrepancy between the sector numbers (step S18).

The read security information is supplied to the disk processor 64 after being processed by the data processing system 54. The disk processor 64 compares the supplied security information with the security information stored in the memory 66 in advance. If they match, the disc is identified as a legitimate disc, and normal reproduction operation is performed (Y and S22 in step S20). That is,
The file F1 is executed according to the contents of the file allocation table 22, for example, execution of a game application program. However, if they do not match, it is identified as a copy disk (N in step S20), the reproduction is stopped, and the disk is ejected (step S24). Alternatively, the fact is transmitted to the host processor 76, and the decoding process by the decoding system 62 is stopped.

If the copy disk shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C is identified and reproduced by this method, it is assumed that the copy disks shown in FIGS.
Since there is no security information in any of the above, the disc is identified as a copy disc.

(2) Method of Recording Fake File in Overlapping Sector Number In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the operation up to reading the file allocation table 22 in step S14 is the same as that in FIG. 5 described above. . Here, file F2
When an access is instructed to a file other than (N in step S30), the disk processor 64 accesses the file according to the contents of the file allocation table 22 and reproduces it as usual (step S22). However, when access to the file F2 is instructed (Y in step S30), the disk processor 64 refers to the contents of the memory 66. Then, the offset value stored in advance is subtracted from the seek position PF2 of the file F2 recorded in the file allocation table 22 (step S32), and seek is performed, for example, to the position PC (step S34). Since the file F2 is recorded at the position PC, the file F2 is reproduced.
36), for example, a game application is started.

If the copy disk shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C is identified and reproduced by this method, it is assumed that FIGS. 3B and 3C
Are reproduced as usual for the file F1. However, as for the file F2, the normal file F2 does not exist at the position PC at which the offset calculation is performed even if the user tries to access any of FIGS. 3B and 3C. Therefore, the file F2 is not reproduced.

When reproducing and executing the file F2 of the disc shown in FIG. 1C by a normal reproducing apparatus, the seek is performed as described in the file allocation table 22. That is, when the access to the file F2 is instructed, the seek to the position PF2 is performed and the fake file EF is reproduced. The fake file EF is, for example, an advertisement or software whose reproduction is stopped halfway. For this reason, as long as a normal seek device is used, there is no damage due to reproduction of a regular file or disc copying. Therefore, advertisements and demo version software which may be copied are recorded in the regular file F1 and the fake file EF of FIG. 1 (C), and the product version software is recorded in the regular file F2. And so on.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Recording is performed in units of physical sectors, and only the error data output and the error table generation function need to be added to the digital data encoder of the disk manufacturing apparatus. Further, there is no need to add a function for operating in an analog manner, such as a pit wobble, so that the configuration can be simplified. Disk manufacturing costs are also low.

(2) Since only the sector number and security information of the unique sector are unique, the process of changing the unique sector arrangement and security information is extremely easy, and can be changed in a short time. It may be changed according to the title or lot of the disc. Further, the change processing can be performed in real time on the production line. In addition, a large number of types of security information can be created by adding or combining unique sectors and the like, and as much security as possible can be realized.

(3) When trying to copy a disc in file units with a normal playback device, a fake file is accessed and the security information in the unique sector is not copied.
As a result, copying is not possible. Also, when trying to copy a disc in sector units with a normal playback device, the sector number is interrupted on the way and the corresponding sector cannot be found, resulting in a seek error. For this reason, it is difficult to analyze from the OS or the like, and it is an advanced copy prevention measure.

(4) With respect to the format of the disk, an optical disk of a format in which a sector or a block structure has a number assigned to a sector can be applied to various types of disks, and the arrangement of unique sectors is limited to a specific area. Is flexible.

(5) By devising the arrangement of unique sectors and visible files, files that can be copied and files that cannot be copied can be mixed in the same disk.
For this reason, for example, a copy-free disk for notice and a disk on which a product cannot be copied are not separately manufactured and distributed, but both can be realized and distributed by one, and disk resources can be effectively used.

(6) Since the reproducing apparatus of the main information is the same as the ordinary one, the LSI can be used as it is. The disk identification can be dealt with by improving only the firmware of the disk processor, which is advantageous in cost.

The present invention has many embodiments and can be variously modified based on the above disclosure.
For example, the following is also included. (1) In FIG. 1, the sector number of the unique sector is cut off on the inner circumference side of the disk, but may be cut off on the outer circumference side of the disk. FIG. 7 shows an example thereof.
Originally, the sector numbers should be A12 to A13 between the sector positions P11 and P13. However, in this embodiment, the sector numbers are A11 to A12, and the sectors before and after are disconnected and become discontinuous. ing. As a result, between the positions P11 and P13, that is, the sector number of the area E4, and the positions P10 to P11, that is, the sector number of the area E3, are all overlapped at A11 to A12. Since such a unique sector exists, no sector exists between sector numbers A12 and A13. In this embodiment, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained only by changing the direction of the discontinuity of the sector number.

(2) With respect to the format of the disk, any type of optical disk having a sector or block structure with a number added to each sector can be applied to various types of disks such as a mini disk, an MO disk, and a DVD-ROM. Also, the arrangement of the unique sectors is not limited to both sides of the disk, one side, or the like, nor is it limited to a specific area.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a unique sector having a discontinuous sector number and overlapping with another sector is provided, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Unauthorized copying is satisfactorily identified and prevented, and security information can be easily changed with relatively simple equipment. (2) The types of security information are extremely diverse, and strong security is possible. (3) Since the main information is not processed, the reliability of the main information is maintained as it is. (4) A copy permission file and a copy permission file can be stored in one disk.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a sector configuration of a disk according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a physical sector configuration in a general disk.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change when a disc of the present embodiment is copied.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a main part of one embodiment of a disc identification / playback apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of disc identification.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing another disk identification operation.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a sector configuration of a disk of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Disc 12 ... Lead-in area 14 ... Data area 16 ... Lead-out area 20 ... Lead-in table 22 ... File allocation table 50 ... Pickup 52 ... Amplifier 54 ... Data processing system 56 ... Deinterleave / correction circuit 58 ... Data decoder 60 ... Header decoder 62 ... Decoding system 64 ... Disk processor 66 ... Memory 68 ... Servo processing system 70,72 ... Driver 74 ... Spindle motor 76 ... Host processor A1-Am ... Sector number E1-E3 ... Area EF ... Fake file ES ... Singular Sectors F1, F2: Regular files P0 to Pm: Position

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A data area in which main information is recorded includes a unique sector that is a sector number that is discontinuous to an adjacent sector number and that has a sector number that overlaps with another sector. Disk to be. 2. A disk according to claim 1, wherein predetermined security information is recorded in said unique sector. 3. The disk according to claim 1, wherein a regular file is recorded in the unique sector, a fake file is recorded in another sector, and a sector number of the fake file is recorded in a file allocation table. . 4. The disc identification method according to claim 2, wherein the disc is identified by accessing the unique sector and utilizing the security information. 5. A memory means for storing security information set in advance; a reading means for reading security information of said specific sector; a reading result by said security means and security information stored in said memory means. 3. An apparatus for identifying a disk according to claim 2, further comprising: identification means for comparing and identifying the disk. 6. A disk reproducing apparatus including the identification device according to claim 5, further comprising an exclusion unit for excluding the disk when the identification unit identifies the disk as an illegal copy. apparatus. 7. A memory means for storing an offset value of a recording position between the regular file and the fake file; when an access to the regular file is instructed, a seek is performed in consideration of the offset value of the memory means. 4. The disk reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a reading unit that performs reading.