JPH10326462A - Disk, discriminating method therefor, discriminating device therefor, and reproducing device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a disk from being copied illicitly by discriminating it well, to cope with simple equipment, and to maintain interchangeability. SOLUTION: Two sector numbers of a first block 24 in a read-in region are made 'X', 'Y' instead of '0', '1'. For this reason, when the first block 24 is reproduced, as it conforms to a physical format, it is dealt with as data, which can be interpreted by a disk reproducing means. However, a sector number does not conform to a logic format, it is not considered as a normal sector, it is made invalid, the block 24 cannot be recognized externally. Therefore, as this specific block 24 is not copied at the time copy, it can be discriminated whether the disk is copy disk or not by using this specific block 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disc, an identification method thereof, an identification device thereof, and a playback device thereof, and more particularly, to an optical disk storing software for a TV game, and a copy security suitable for identification and playback thereof. This is related to improvements to

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Software products such as audio software, video software, and computer programs can be easily copied to various recording media, for example, a flexible disk, copied to a hard disk of a personal computer, or modified. It is easy to get up. At present, many illegally copied products are rampant, especially in application software such as games.

[0003] For this reason, measures for preventing unauthorized copying have been taken on media for software products, and a number of techniques for preventing unauthorized copying have been proposed. These methods can be roughly classified into a logical method for identifying an illegal copy in a signal manner and a physical method for identifying an illegal copy in a physical form. In either case, the basic idea is to record some unique code logically or physically on the medium itself or outside the medium, and by reading this, an unauthorized copy is identified. For example, a unique code that cannot be copied is recorded on a recording medium. Even if you can copy the main information such as audio / video and programs that are the original information,
The unique code part is not copied. Therefore, if the unique code portion is decoded at the time of reproduction, it is possible to discriminate an illegally copied product from a genuine product based on the presence or absence of the decoding. In general, physical methods that require significant equipment
It is more effective than a logical method that can be handled with simple equipment.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-282931 discloses that an ID program of a CD-ROM to be reproduced is read from an application program in the CD-ROM and the ID data of a CD-ROM set in a reproducing apparatus is read.
A CD-ROM playback device is disclosed which executes the application program when a match is found. CD data that cannot be copied is CD
-A catalog number recorded in a ROM or a character string such as "ABC" recorded in a specific file on a CD-ROM is used.

[0005] Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-14771 discloses an information recording medium in which data of an arbitrary format for security is recorded in an empty area outside a normal format area. This is an example of a physical code, and is a method applicable to all disks in which a copy discrimination code is recorded on the inner periphery of the disk, which is usually outside the management area.

[0006]

By the way, in order to prevent illegal copying, consideration must be given from the following viewpoints. (1) As a basic function of security information recording, it is preferable that security information is not output as main information and cannot be found from outside. That is, data that is invisible from the outside of the disk data signal processing device, or data that is insignificant when viewed from the bus or OS level outside the device such as SCSI is recorded on the disk as security data, and the main information processing device Prevent output.

(2) The security information is not duplicated even if an illegally copied disk is manufactured based on the data of the main information output from the disk processing device. Further, the security information can be reliably read by the processing device so that the processing or reproduction can be performed normally.

(3) Although not essential, it is preferable to comply with the physical standards of the disk and to maintain the compatibility in the standard, because the availability as a disk resource such as the combined use of a manufacturing apparatus is increased. For example, CD-ROM of CD players and personal computers
Compatibility is maintained by adopting a standard similar to the physical standard of a disk corresponding to a drive or the like.

(4) In the method described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-14771, two types of encoders and decoders are provided on both sides of the recording device and the reproducing device, which is not very realistic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to satisfactorily identify and prevent unauthorized copying, to cope with simple equipment, and to maintain compatibility. It is assumed that.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a disc (10) according to the present invention includes, in its information area,
It is characterized in that a unique block (24) having a sector different from the logical format of the disk is formed in a sector unit in a block which is a unit of interleaving and conforms to a physical format of the disk. According to the main mode, the sector number (X, Y) of the singular block lacks consistency with the sector number of the adjacent block (26). According to another aspect, security data (30A) is recorded in the unique block.

The disc identification method of the present invention is characterized by comprising at least one of a step (S18) of checking whether or not the specific block exists; and a step (S28) of checking security information of the specific block. Also, the disc identification device of the present invention includes a memory means (66) in which security information included in the unique block is recorded in advance; a reading means (50, 54) for reading the unique block; Compared with the security information stored in the memory means, when the unique block does not exist, or when the read security information does not match the security information stored in the memory means, the disc is copied. Identification means (64);

Further, the disc reproducing apparatus of the present invention includes the discriminating device, and when the discriminating means discriminates that the disc is a copy, the disc reproducing means (64, 76) for rejecting the disc. It is characterized by having.

According to the present invention, data having a unique logical format such as a sector number is recorded in units of interleaved blocks in accordance with a physical format in an information area of a disk, for example, a start portion and an end portion of the disk. . This singular block does not cause a physical error in the format, but causes a logical error because the sector numbers and the like do not match. For this reason, the block is ignored and becomes an invisible part that does not exist when viewed from the outside. Disc identification is performed using this unique block. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. First, an example of a physical track configuration of an optical disk will be described with reference to FIG. 2 to facilitate understanding of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows an example of an optical disk having a structure in which data blocks are divided into sectors. In the figure, the tracks of the pit row are formed spirally or concentrically on the disk 10. The inner peripheral side is a lead-in area 12 and the outer peripheral side is a lead-out area 16, and an intermediate portion between them is a data area 14.

FIG. 2B shows the sectors in these areas. In this example, the sectors No. a and b are the lead-in area 12. The sectors NO.c to d are the data area 14, and the sectors NO.e to f are the lead-out area 16. The sectors are continuous from the lead-in area 12 to the lead-out area 16, and the sector No. is also continuous. Each sector has
For example, as shown in FIG. 2C, a header section SA, a main data section SB, and an error correction section SC are respectively included. The sector number (sector N) is included in the header SA.
O.).

The lead-in area 12 records physical layer management information of the disk, for example, whether it is read-only, whether it is rewritable, the starting sector number of user data, and the like. The data area 14 is an area mainly used by the user,
For example, directories, user data, game programs, and the like are recorded. Lead-out area 16
Has recorded therein silent data and the like. The lead-out area 16 indicates the end of the data, and is a blank area from the end of the data recording area to the outermost periphery of the disk. The pit strings in each of these areas are reproduced into physical blocks (physical sectors, physical formats) through decoding, interleaving, and correction. And further decoded,
It is reproduced as images, sounds, or program data.

The user data is stored in the disk 1 as a pit train.
The process of recording 0 will be described below. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the user data is added with a header SA including sector management information such as a sector number and an error correction unit SC including an error correction code on the recording device side (not shown). And one physical sector. Next, this sector is interleaved. In the illustrated example, three sectors are units of the interleave process, and each sector of No. 0.0, 1, 2 is divided into two. As shown in FIG. 3B, the sector of No. 0 is "0-
1 "and" 0-2 ". No. 1 sector is "1".
-1 "and" 1-2 ". The sector No. 2 is divided into "2-1" and "2-2".

Next, such a divided sector is shown in FIG.
And interleaving is performed as shown in FIG.
In the illustrated example, the sectors are distributed and arranged in the first half and the second half separately. That is, three sectors No. 0.0, 1, and 2 constitute one block of a processing unit of interleaving, the first half of each sector is arranged in the first half of this block, and the second half of each sector is arranged in the second half of the block. ing. Such interleaving processing is mainly performed for reading errors by dispersing the error portion to each sector to facilitate error correction, and by dispersing the error portion finely when the error cannot be corrected. This is to make it difficult to perceive an error in the sound or image. For details of this procedure, see “J
IS X6281 ”etc. Since such interleaving processing is performed, the signal processing unit on the reproduction side is the block unit.

Next, a synchronization code is added to the head of the interleaved data as shown in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, modulation (for example, EFM) suitable for the disc is performed to form a channel bit string. A pit sequence is recorded on the disk 10 based on the channel bit sequence as shown in FIG.

Next, the sector configuration according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, it is assumed that the start sector number is not particularly defined in the disc standard. FIG. 1A shows the lead-in area 1
2 shows a channel bit string read out from No. 2.
The first bit string 20 includes synchronization data (synchronization code) 20A and modulation data 20B at the start of the bit string. The subsequent bit string 22 includes synchronization data 22A and modulation data 22B. The same applies to the following bit strings.

Such a bit string is converted into a block string as shown in FIG. 1B through a process reverse to that of FIG. That is, the bit string 20 is converted into a block 24, and the bit string 22 is converted into a block 26. The same applies to the following bit strings. And block 24
Includes sectors 30, 31, and 32, and the block 26 includes sectors 33, 34, and 35.

The header of each sector is provided with a sector number in order, and is "0" according to a normal logical format.
start from. However, in this embodiment, the first sector 30 is “X”, the next sector 31 is “Y”, and the next sector 32
Is assigned as a sector number. here,
“X” and “Y” are symbols or the like that are not related to “2”, and sectors NO. Violating the logical format that continues from “0” are recorded. Note that the sector numbers of the next block 26 and thereafter are “3”, “4”,.
, And normal sector numbers are continuously assigned. Further, if necessary, an appropriate security information 30 is stored in the data area of the NO.
Record A.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the numbers NO of the first two sectors of the first block 24 in the lead-in area are "X" and "Y" instead of "0" and "1". Has become. For this reason, when the first block 24 is reproduced, it does not violate the physical format, so that a read error does not occur and the entire block cannot be read at all. Therefore, the data is treated as interpretable data by a disc reproducing means (such as a reproducing microcomputer).

However, as described above, since the sector numbers are "X" and "Y" which do not follow the logical format, the reproducing means (for example, the firmware of the reproducing microcomputer) regards the sector as a normal sector. Not done. Therefore, this block 24 is invalidated, and the next block 26 is read. Therefore, the host bus and OS
At higher levels, such as, block 24 becomes invisible. In the next block 26, since both the physical format and the logical format are recorded as usual, they can be read well as they are. Therefore, the start sector of the lead-in area 12 of this disk is recognized as No. 3. That is, the sectors 30 included in the block 24,
31 and 32 are ignored sectors, sectors 33, 34 and 35 included in the block 26 are visible sectors, and the disk start sector is the sector 33 of NO.3.

As described above, the singular block 24 whose sector number does not follow the logical format is not recognized by an ordinary reproducing device. Therefore, even if a copy is made based on the reproduced data, only the unique block cannot be copied. Since other normal blocks are reproduced as usual, they are all copied.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the sector numbers X and Y of the unique block 24 and the security data 3
0A is prepared in advance. Then, the singular block 24 that violates the logical format is not ignored, and the abnormal sector numbers X and Y and the security data 30A recorded in the sector 30 are read. Then, these data are collated with the previously prepared data. As a result, if the two match, the disc is identified as genuine. However, if they do not match or the unique block 24 does not exist, it is identified as an unauthorized copy disc and is excluded.

Next, the configuration of the reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a signal output side of a pickup 50 for reading pit string data recorded on a disk 10 is connected to an amplifier 52. The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to the data processing system 54 on one side. The data processing system 54 includes a deinterleave / correction circuit 56, a data decoder 58, and a header decoder 60. Deinterleave
The correction circuit 56 is also connected to the disk processor 64. The output side of the data decoder 58 is connected to a decoding system 62, and the output side of the decoding system 62 is further connected to a post-processing system (not shown). On the other hand, the output side of the header decoder 60 is connected to the disk processor 64. The disk processor 64 has a memory 6 such as a semiconductor ROM for storing security information of a unique block.
6 are connected.

The output side of the amplifier 52 is connected to a servo processing system 68. The output side of the servo processing system 68 is connected to the pickup driver 70 and the motor driver 72, respectively, and these are connected to the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 74, respectively. The servo processing system 68 is also connected to the disk processor 64. Further, a host processor (main processor) 76 is provided in addition to the disk processor 64.

In the data processing system 54, the pickup 50
Deinterleaving, error correction,
Decoding is performed. The main data in the sector is decoded by the data decoder 58, and the header data is decoded by the header decoder 60 to read the sector number. In the decoding system 62, the decoded main data is decoded in accordance with a standard such as MPEG, whereby an image signal or an audio signal is obtained. On the other hand, in the servo processing system 68, based on the signal input from the amplifier 52, the pickup 50 and the spindle motor 7 are moved so that the light beam of the pickup 50 traces the pit row.
4 is performed. A dedicated disk processor 64 is used for such disk control.

On the other hand, for example, a host processor 76 is provided as a main CPU for the game, and division of labor with the disk processor 64 is performed. In addition, a system that receives a seek command output from the disk processor 64 transmits the error correction result to the disk processor 64.
System and header data to be reported to the disk processor 64
It is provided with a system to report to. The normal reproduction operation in the above apparatus is the same as that of a general disk reproduction apparatus.

Next, an operation of disc identification, which is a characteristic operation of the present embodiment, will be described with reference to FIG.
5 mainly shows the operation of the disk processor 64. The memory 66 connected to the disk processor 64 stores the abnormal sectors NO.X, Y of the unique block and the security data 30A of the sector 30 as security information.

The disk 10 is set (FIG. 5, step S10). In the playback device, first, initial settings are performed (step S12). That is, the spindle motor 74
As a result, the disk 10 is rotated, and servo control by the servo processing system 68 is performed, so that the pit string data can be read by the pickup 50. Then, the pickup 50 is sought to the lead-in area 12 (step S14), the start sector is reproduced, and the header is read (step S16). The header data is transmitted from the header decoder 60 to the disk processor 64.
Supplied to The disk processor 64 analyzes the consistency of the logical format of the header (step S1).
8).

As a result, if there is no consistency, it is determined that the disk is an illegally copied disk, reproduction thereof is stopped, and the disk is ejected (step S20). Alternatively, the fact is transmitted to the host processor 76, and the decoding process by the decoding system 62 is stopped. On the other hand, if there is consistency, the sector number is checked (step S22), and if the number is larger, the data is read back by one block so as to be smaller (Y, S24, S16 in step 22). As described above, the operation of seeking to the inner periphery of the disk and searching for the unique block is repeated while checking the consistency of the logical format.

When the unique block 24 is found (N in step S22), the sector N of the abnormal sectors 30 and 31
Read O.X, Y and security data 30A. Then, the security information is collated with the security information stored in the memory 66 in advance (step S26). As a result, if they match, the disc set is identified as a genuine product, and the process proceeds to a normal reproduction operation such as execution of a game program in the disc (Y in step S28). If they do not match (N in step S28), measures such as stopping reproduction and ejecting the disc as an illegal disc are taken (step S20).

If the singular block 24 is not found and deviates from the pit row and a physical format error occurs (N in step S18), the disc is recognized as an illegal disc, and its reproduction is stopped or the disc is ejected (step S18). Step S20).

As described above, according to this embodiment, the specific block in the lead-in area 12 is checked by the sector NO.
Is done retroactively. If a unique sector is found and the NO. Or security information of the abnormal sector matches the information stored in the memory 66, it is determined that the disc is a legitimate disc and the disc is reproduced. However, if they do not match, they are excluded because they are copied illegal disks.

As a result, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Recording is performed in units of physical sectors. It is only necessary to add a modified output function to the digital data encoder of the disc manufacturing apparatus, and it is not necessary to add a function for operating in an analog manner such as a pit wobble. Can be configured.
Also, since there is no inconsistency in the logical format, it looks as if a normal copy has been made from the OS level. For this reason, the analysis is more difficult, and it is an advanced copy protection measure. Further, the addition of the unique block is performed in the lead-in area which is set widely to allow a margin in the format of the disc. In a normal player, such a sector in the area is not accessed at first. For this reason,
Finding singular blocks is very difficult.

(2) Since the security information to be written is digital information and is a change only for arranging a unique block, the change process is extremely easy and can be changed in a short time. For this reason, it is possible to change the security information and unique block arrangement according to the title and lot of the disc in real time on the production line, and to create many types of security by adding and combining security information and unique blocks. Can be. For this reason, any amount of strong security can be realized.
Further, from this point, there is no disadvantage that the disk manufacturing cost is increased.

(3) The start sector of the disk is an area that is not defined in the physical format of the disk. Therefore, even if an error occurs in a specific block formed by operating this area, it is interpreted as a part where data is not originally recorded. That is, since the sector number is not specified, an error is interpreted as the end of the disk. For this reason, even in a normal reproducing device, the reproduction operation does not stop due to the occurrence of the error of the singular block.

(4) Since the main information reproducing apparatus is the same as the ordinary one, the LSI can be used as it is. The disk identification can be dealt with by improving only the firmware of the disk processor, which is advantageous in cost.

(5) This is an operation of the lead-in portion unrelated to the main information, and the main data and the user sector are not processed at all. Therefore, the reliability of the user data is maintained as it is.

(6) The unique block does not contradict the physical format of the disk. For this reason, the main information portion can be maintained in good compatibility with a disc without other security information, for example, a disc dedicated to music.

The present invention has many embodiments,
Various modifications can be made based on the above disclosure. For example, the following is also included.

(1) In the above embodiment, the unique block is arranged as the start block in the lead-in area on the inner circumference side of the disc. However, as shown in FIG. 6, it may be arranged as the last block in the lead-out area. . It is assumed that the last sector number is not particularly determined in the disc standard. As shown in the figure, the sector numbers of the last unique block 40 are “m + 4”, “X”, “Y”.
(M is a natural number), violating the logical format. Therefore, the last block 40 is ignored, and this block becomes invisible at a higher level such as the host bus or the OS. The previous block 39 can be read normally, and as a result, the last sector number of the disk is “m”.
+3 ". The operation of disc identification using the unique block 40 is almost the same as in the above embodiment.

The singular block is placed at the beginning or end of the disk. If the singular block is read by playing the disk of the present invention using a normal reproducing machine different from the present invention and the singular block is read, the sector number is abnormal. The case where the reproduction operation is stopped as a target error is considered. As described above, when the first or last sector number of the disk is not specified as a disk standard, even if the fatal error is present, it is assumed that the error is due to reading of the end of the disk. Then, the sector immediately before or immediately after the block is interpreted as the start sector or the end sector, and another normal block is read and the reproduction operation is continuously performed.

If the reproducing apparatus does not cause a fatal error if the physical format is normal even if such a singular block is read, the singular block 42 is recorded in the middle of the data area as shown in FIG. You may make it skip as. This unique block 4
The continuity of the sector numbers is maintained in the blocks 41 and 43 before and after 2. That is, the sector number of the front block 41 is “n”, and the sector number of the rear block 43 is “n + 1”, and both are continuous. Therefore, if the singular block 42 is skipped, the sector numbers continue, and those blocks 41 and 43 can be reproduced normally.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, individual unique blocks are provided for the start block of the lead-in area, the end block of the lead-out area, the block in the data area, and the like. Different security information may be included. By doing so, stronger security can be applied. Also, a large number of unique blocks may be provided continuously, and the relationship between one block and the number of sectors may be set as appropriate.

(3) The above embodiment is an example of a single-sided disk, but this may be applied to each side of a double-sided disk.

(4) Although the above-described embodiment uses a general optical disk as an example, it exists in the format, but has little meaning in the data content and is not normally reproduced. In other words, an internal area in the signal processing circuit is used. Is necessary for proper processing,
If there is a part that is not output to the outside at the time of reproduction and is invisible from the outside and has a sector or block structure format,
CD-ROM, mini disk, MO disk, DVD
(Digital Video Disc)-Applicable to various recording media such as a ROM and a magnetic disk.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention,
As we decided to provide a unique block with a unique logical format that conforms to the physical format or add security data to the unique block,
The following effects are obtained. (1) Unauthorized copying is satisfactorily identified and prevented, and security information can be easily changed with relatively simple equipment. (2) Unauthorized copying of the disc can be effectively prevented. (3) Since the main information is not processed, the reliability of the main information is maintained as it is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a physical sector configuration of a disk according to one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement of physical sectors on a single-sided disk.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of conversion from a physical sector to a pit string.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a main part of one embodiment of a disc identification / playback apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of disc identification.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a physical sector configuration in another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a physical sector configuration in another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Disc 12 ... Lead-in area 14 ... Data area 16 ... Lead-out area 20,22 ... Bit string 20A, 22A ... Synchronous data 20B, 22B ... Modulation data 24 ... Singular block 26,39 ... Block 30-35 ... Sector 40 ... Last singular block 42 ... Intermediate singular block 41, 43 ... Block 50 ... Pickup 52 ... Amplifier 54 ... Data processing system 56 ... Deinterleave / correction circuit 58 ... Data decoder 60 ... Header decoder 62 ... Decoding system 64 ... Disk processor 66 ... Memory 68 servo processing system 70, 72 driver 74 spindle motor 76 host processor SA header section SB main data section SC error correction section

Claims (6)

[Claims] In the information area of a disk, a singular block having a sector different from the logical format of the disk is formed in a block which is a unit of interleaving in conformity with a physical format of the disk in a unit of sector. Disk to be. 2. The disk according to claim 1, wherein a sector number of the unique block lacks consistency with a sector number of an adjacent block. 3. The disk according to claim 1, wherein security data is recorded in the unique block. 4. The disc identification method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a step of checking presence or absence of the unique block; and a step of checking security information of the unique block is performed. A method for identifying a disk, comprising: 5. The disc identification device according to claim 1, wherein the security information included in the unique block is recorded in advance; and the read unit reads the unique block. Means for comparing the read result with the security information stored in the memory means, and when there is no unique block, or when the read security information does not match the security information stored in the memory means Discriminating means for identifying the disc as a copy. 6. An apparatus for reproducing a disc, comprising: the discriminating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising an exclusion means for excluding the disc when the discrimination means identifies the disc as a copy. .