JPH11318210A - Planting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garden applicable to a rooftop and a roof of a building, etc., rapidly, readily at a low cost, having excellent growth performances of plants. SOLUTION: This plastic apparatus is equipped with a waterproof layer A laid at the bottom part of an apparatus, with a root guard B for preventing the penetration of plant hair root, etc. with a water retaining, water supplying and draining means which is laid on the root guard B and comprises a drain plate composed of integrally formed plural water retaining parts 1 and draining parts 2 for retaining and draining rainwater, irrigation water, etc., supplying retained water to the root part of plant and grasping piled soil, with a soil dressing layer D which is constructed on the water retaining, water supplying and draining means and plants and grows plants, etc., a raising seedling layer F which is spread on the top of the soil dressing layer D and prevents soil from scattering so as to retain scattered plant seeds and to keep plants immediately after germination and with a fixing means 4 for connecting the raising seedling layer F to the water retaining, water supplying and draining means. The drain plate constituting the water retaining, water supplying and draining means is provided with a fixing part 3 to be connected through a linking means to the surface of the root guard.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for easily planting trees, flowers and other plants, and more particularly to a planting device provided for cultivating plants on the roof or roof of a building. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, attempts have been actively made to plant inorganic plants in urban areas by planting large-scale plants on the rooftops and other spaces of buildings. In such a case, in many cases, a concrete layer of the presser is formed on the waterproof layer on the slab surface of the building, and a gravel layer made of sand, gravel, etc. The layers are sequentially stacked to plant the plants.

However, in order to obtain sufficient water retention and drainage for plants, it is necessary to introduce a considerable amount of earth and sand into the waterproof layer, and the concrete layer has a considerable weight. Has the problem of adversely affecting Therefore, the present applicant has previously disclosed a lightweight planting apparatus having excellent water retention and drainage properties (for example, see Japanese Patent No. 2531542).

In this planting apparatus, a waterproof layer is fixed on a slab surface formed on the roof of a building or the like, and a water retention material having a nonwoven fabric, a concave portion and a convex portion 2 are provided on the upper surface of the waterproof layer. A water retention / supply / drainage means comprising a drain plate or the like is provided, and a planting layer comprising a gravel layer and a soil layer is laminated above the water retention / supply / drainage means. Water retention and drainage can be obtained. For this reason, the concrete layer provided in consideration of drainage becomes unnecessary, and the planting layer is also set to a necessary minimum thickness in consideration of the root hair length of plants and the like, for example, about 50 mm by improving water retention. It has become possible.

[0005]

Therefore, in the above-mentioned conventional planting apparatus, although the whole apparatus has an excellent function of reducing the weight and avoiding adverse effects on buildings, it is still to be improved. It involves several issues. That is, first, no measures against wind are taken.
This type of equipment is often installed at high places, such as on the roof of a building, but in such high places winds are always generated in an irregular direction, which causes the soil in the guest soil layer to scatter. Cheap.
Further, it is desirable that the guest soil layer be constructed as thin as possible from the viewpoint of the load on a building or the like. However, if it is made too thin, the roots of the planted plant will not be stretched and will collapse even in a slight wind. This is particularly remarkable when plants are planted, and in the case of trees that grow to a certain height, it is difficult to erect them even when there is no wind.

Further, in this type of apparatus, once the soil layer is constructed, it is difficult to cultivate the soil of the soil layer, and the ventilation below the soil layer becomes poor, which is important for the growth of plants. Will have an effect. Furthermore, at present, there is also a request from users who want to plant trees not only on a horizontal surface such as a rooftop but also on an inclined surface such as a sloping roof or the like. When applied, the installation state becomes unstable, and it is particularly difficult to maintain the soil of the guest soil layer. A technique for solving such a point is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2717632.
However, in this technique, there are problems that the fixing of the device is complicated, the construction cost is increased, and the construction takes time.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plant planting apparatus installed on the roof or roof of a building, which is provided with a waterproof layer provided at the bottom of the apparatus and a plant root such as a plant root. A root guard fixedly stretched on the waterproof layer to prevent the water from leaking out, and a drain guard provided on the root guard and draining rainwater or other means permeating from above and draining from above. In order to supply the retained moisture to the roots of the plant and to grasp the laminated soil, a water retention / supply / drainage means composed of a drain plate integrally formed with a plurality of water retention / drainage parts and a water retention / supply / drainage means are constructed. A soil layer for planting plants, etc., and stretched on the top surface of the soil layer to prevent scattering of soil, etc. Seedling layer for carrying out, said seedling layer and water retention / drainage And a ventilation mechanism for circulating the atmosphere through the seedling raising layer and the soil layer. -It is intended to realize an even more excellent planting device by forming a plurality of fixing portions for joining to the surface of the toe guard.

In the above-mentioned construction, the drainage portion of the drain plate constituting the water retention / supply / drainage means is formed by a straight pipe having a hole formed on the upper surface thereof, which is formed so as to intersect vertically and horizontally. It may be constituted by a concave space formed by being surrounded by a straight pipe.

Further, in the above structure, the fixing portion formed on the drain plate may be constituted by a concave portion having a plurality of areas of the water retaining portion and surrounded by the straight pipe.

In the above, the seedling raising layer comprises a bag of a knitted or nonwoven fabric and organic fibers filled in the bag, and the fixing means has one end locked to the seedling raising layer and the other end fixed to the seedling raising layer. It may be configured to be locked to the water holding / draining means.

In the above, the fixing means may be formed of a hollow body, having a through hole at the top, and being fixedly connected to the fixing part at the bottom.

[0012] Further, a hollow ridge intersecting in a lattice shape may be integrally provided in the concave portion constituting the fixing portion.

In each of the above structures, the ventilation mechanism includes the hollow body having a through hole at the top, the hollow ridge communicating with the hollow body, and the drain as a drainage part communicating with the hollow ridge. And a straight pipe, wherein the atmosphere is the hollow body,
It may be circulated through the hollow ridge, the straight pipe, the soil layer, and the seedling raising layer.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting device according to the embodiment. In the figure, A is a waterproof layer attached to a concrete slab surface on the roof of a building, and on the upper surface of the waterproof layer A, a resin-made material for preventing the roots of plants from entering the waterproof layer. A root guard B is installed.

C is a resin or metal drain plate as a water retention / drainage means.
Are integrally formed. Reference numeral 1 denotes a fixing portion, and the fixing means 2 is integrally formed.

D is a soil layer on which various plants and the like are planted, and a seedling raising layer F is laid on the upper surface of the soil layer D.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the planting apparatus shown in FIG. The waterproof layer A is composed of several waterproof sheets A1,
A2 is fixed to a concrete slab surface with an adhesive. On the upper surface of the waterproof layer A, a resin-made root guard B is stretched by an adhesive as described above.

The drain plate C is provided on the root guard B as a water retention / drainage means. The drain plate C holds and drains rainwater or other means of permeation from above. In order to supply the retained moisture to the roots of the plant and to grasp the soil to be laminated,
As described above, a plurality of the water retaining sections 1 and the drain sections 2 are integrally formed. A fixing portion 3 and a fixing means 4 are formed on the drain plate C so as to be continuous with the water retaining portion 1 and the drainage portion 2. The fixing portion 1 is a root guard B formed by a double-sided adhesive tape or the like.
The top of the fixing means is joined and fixed to the seedling raising layer F with screws or the like.

FIG. 3 shows the water retaining section 1 constituting the drain plate C.
FIG. As shown in the figure, the drainage portion 2 is formed so as to cross and communicate vertically and horizontally, and a hole h is formed on the upper surface.
The cross section having a trapezoidal shape has a trapezoidal shape, and is formed integrally by a straight pipe 2a having a lower surface opening, and the water retaining portion 1 is integrally formed by a concave space 1a formed by being surrounded by each straight pipe.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the fixing portion 3 and the fixing means 4 which are scattered and formed integrally with the drain plate C. The fixing portion 3 is constituted by a concave portion having a plurality of areas of the water retaining portion 2 and being surrounded by the straight pipe 2a, and a hollow ridge 3a intersecting in a lattice shape is integrally formed in the concave portion. The rigidity of the concave portion, that is, the fixed portion 3 is increased. The space between the back surface of the fixing portion 3 and the root guard B is fixed by a double-sided adhesive tape as described above. Since the opening width of the hollow ridge 3a on the back surface of the fixing portion 3 is set to half of the opening width of the straight pipe 2a,
It is possible to obtain a much higher bonding density than when bonding to the root guard B at a portion other than the fixing portion 3, that is, at the water retaining portion 1 portion. Further, in FIG.
A hollow body as a fixing means integrally formed on the fixing portion 3, the outer shape of which is a truncated cone, and a hole 4 at the top.
a is formed.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of the planting apparatus according to the embodiment. In the planting apparatus, the fixing portion 3 is fixed to the root guard B by a double-sided adhesive tape 3b.
The pad B and the waterproof layer A are also sequentially fixed to the concrete slab surface by an adhesive means. In this embodiment, the fixing part 3
Area is 39% per unit area of drain plate C
Since it is set to, the anti-wind pressure property has a performance that can sufficiently satisfy the statutory standards. The guest soil layer D is made of a lightweight artificial soil excellent in water retention, drainage, and buffering, which is formed from organic matter and the like essential for the sustainable growth of plants, based on the pebble-like aggregate of the fired rock. And this soil is a straight pipe 2
a, i.e., into the space surrounded by the water retention section 2 or the protrusion 3a of the fixing section 3, whereby the soil layer D is firmly gripped by the drain plate (water retention / drainage means) C. Thus, the planting device can be stably installed even on an inclined portion such as a sloped roof. The top of the hollow body 4 as the fixing means is joined to the seedling raising layer F,
The seedling raising layer F is locked in the hole 4a by screws and screws.
Moreover, since the hollow body 4 as this fixing means is also buried in the guest soil layer D, the swing of the guest soil layer D is prevented, and the planting device is effectively installed on an inclined portion such as a sloped roof. Play.

The seedling raising layer F comprises a bag F1 formed of a knitted body or a nonwoven fabric, and a fiber nest F2 formed of hemp and coconut shell fibers filled therein. This seedling raising layer F
The soil layer D fixed by the fixing means 4 as described above.
This has the effect of scattering the soil or securing the plant to the soil. Then, plant seeds such as flowers and the like are sprayed on the fiber nests F2 of the seedling raising layer F, and after the construction of the planting device in the predetermined place is completed, water is sprinkled to germinate, or the seedlings are germinated before construction and germinated. It may be installed in a state where it is laid.

By the way, the planting apparatus according to this embodiment is provided with a ventilation mechanism. The ventilation mechanism includes the hollow body 4 having a through hole 4a at the top and the hollow body 4 communicating with the hollow body 4. It is composed of a hollow ridge 3a and the straight pipe 2a as the drainage portion 2 communicating with the hollow ridge 3a. That is, the air enters the hollow body 4 from the seedling layer F having aeration through the hole 4a of the hollow body 4 and further passes through the hollow ridge 3a and the straight pipe 2a, and the soil layer D To supply oxygen and other atmospheric components necessary for plant growth.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described based on the above configuration. Part of the water is impregnated and held in the soil layer D by precipitation or drainage of the soil layer D, and the other water passes through the soil layer D and reaches the water retaining portion 1 of the drain plate C, where it is stored ( 1 and 5).

If the amount of water reaching the drain plate C is large and cannot be accommodated in the water retaining unit 1, water is discharged from each drain plate C
Through the gap formed in the overlapped portion (coint portion) of the ends or through the hole h of the straight pipe 2a, the water is drained from the drain 2 as appropriate.

When the amount of water held in the soil layer D is reduced and the water is dried, the water stored in the water retaining unit 1 replenishes water to the plants. In addition, since the drainage part 2 by the straight pipe 2a is mutually communicating as mentioned above, it always becomes a ventilation path and fresh air is supplied to the root of a plant, and various pests are prevented. be able to.

By the way, when the thickness of the guest soil layer F is reduced,
The tension of the roots of the plants is limited, and the establishment of the plants may be jeopardized or may fall down by a little wind. In the present invention, however, the holes h provided on the upper surface of the straight pipe 2a provide a large number of holes h. Such inconvenience can be prevented.
That is, since the roots of the plants that have advanced from the soil layer D are firmly fixed and gripped around the hole 2a, the plants can easily collapse even if the thickness of the soil layer D is reduced. There is no.

A seedling layer (knitted material, fiber layer) F is provided on the top surface of the soil layer D to prevent the soil from scattering and flowing out due to wind and rain. The seedling raising layer F is fixed by the fixing means 4.
Therefore, the seedling raising layer F itself is not winded up by the wind. In addition, since the influence of the wind becomes larger at the peripheral portion of the device, it is desirable that the fixing means be provided more in the peripheral portion of the device correspondingly.

In the drain plate C (water retention / drainage means) according to this embodiment, the water retention part 1 is formed at about 400 / m ² . And the water retention unit 1 in a state of being installed flat.
Is calculated to be about 1 piece / 7.56 cm ³ ,
The amount of water retained in the drain plate C is about 3,024 cm ³ / m
² , that is, about 3.02 liters. In general, it is considered desirable to set conditions under which water can be constantly supplied to plants at about 3 liters / m ² . Therefore, in this embodiment, optimal water supply conditions can be realized. In addition, the amount of water in the standby state for supplying plants is maintained at a value averaged per unit area. In addition, when the drain plate C is installed on, for example, an inclined portion having a gradient of 10/10, the water retaining portion 1 naturally also inclines. However, since the amount of water retained in the water retaining portion 1 in this inclined state is calculated to be about 2 cm ³ , The amount of water retained in each unit drain plate C is 800 cm
³ / m ² , that is, about 0.8 liter / m ² , which is a sufficient storage amount for growing a drought-resistant plant. For this reason, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the thickness of the guest soil layer is set to be about 40 mm thin, but the growth condition of the plants is all normal, and the result is no different from that when planting in normal soil. I was able to.

As described above, in this embodiment, since appropriate water retention and drainage properties can be obtained, the thickness of the planting layer is reduced to the minimum necessary thickness in consideration of the length of the root of the plant. Although the load on the building can be greatly reduced, its installation state is extremely stable despite its light weight. That is, the surface of the guest soil layer D is held down by the seedling raising layer F, and the soil in the guest soil layer D is gripped by the many concave spaces constituting the water retaining portion 1 and is further held by the hollow body 4. Even when the apparatus is installed on an inclined surface or the like, the soil in the guest soil layer does not shift or fall off.

Next, a procedure for constructing the planting apparatus according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the waterproof layer A is fixed on the concrete surface, and the root guard B is adhered to the surface of the waterproof layer A. Next, the drain plate C is set,
The fixing part 3 is asphalt or double-sided adhesive tape 3b.
Thus, it is fixed to the root guard B. Next, the appropriate soil is charged to form the guest soil layer D. The soil can be input simply by using the top of the hollow body 4 as a guide, so that it can be made extremely simple. The seedling raising layer F is laid on the guest soil layer D, and is locked in the hole 4a of the hollow body 4 by locking means 4b and screws. By the above operation, the members constituting the above-mentioned ventilation mechanism are mutually connected, and the ventilation path is naturally formed.

[0038]

According to the present invention, the construction and operation described above can reduce the thickness of the soil layer to reduce the weight, prevent the growth of plants from being hindered by the thinning of the soil layer, and improve the soil due to wind and rain. Planting equipment that eliminates the scattering and outflow of water, can be installed quickly, easily, and firmly on various places such as rooftops and roofs of buildings, as well as on flat and sloped parts. It greatly contributes to greening.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the one shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a water retaining section 1 and a drain section 2 constituting a drain plate C in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a fixing portion 3 and a fixing means 4 which are scattered and formed integrally with the drain plate C in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of the planting device according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 A. . . . . . Waterproof layer B. . . . . . . Rout guard C.I. . . . . . Drain plate (water retention / drainage means) . . . . . Guest soil layer F. . . . . . . Nursery layer F1. . . . . . Bag F2. . . . . . Fiber nest 1. . . . . . . Water retention unit 2. . . . . . . Drainage section 2a. . . . . . Straight pipe h. . . . . . . 2. Hole at the top of straight pipe . . . . . . Fixing part 3a. . . . . . Hollow ridges 4. . . . . . . Fixing means (hollow body) 4a. . . . . . Hole at top of hollow body 4b. . . . . . Locking means (for nursery layer)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plant planting device installed on a rooftop, a roof, or the like of a building, comprising: a waterproof layer provided on a bottom portion of the device; and a device for preventing plant roots and the like from leaking out of the device. A root guard fixedly attached to the waterproof layer; and a root guard provided on the root guard for retaining / draining rainwater or other means of permeation from above, and draining the retained water into plants. Water supply / drainage means consisting of a drain plate in which a plurality of water retention parts and drainage parts are integrally formed in order to supply soil to the roots and hold the soil to be laminated, and planting plants etc. on the water retention / supply / drainage means And a seedling layer that is installed on the top surface of the soil layer to prevent the soil from scattering, etc., and that holds the plant seeds that have been sprayed or the plants that have just germinated. Fixing the seedling layer and the water retention / drainage means Means, and a ventilation mechanism for circulating the atmosphere to the seedling raising layer and the soil layer. Further, the drain plate constituting the water retention / drainage means is joined to the root guard surface via an adhesive means. A planting device characterized by forming a plurality of fixing portions for performing planting. 2. The drainage part of the drain plate constituting the water retention / supply / drainage means according to claim 1, wherein the drainage part is constituted by a straight pipe formed to cross and communicate vertically and horizontally and having a hole in an upper surface. A planting device comprising a concave space formed by being surrounded by each straight pipe. 3. The drainage plate according to claim 1, wherein the fixed portion formed on the drain plate has a plurality of areas of the water retaining portion and is constituted by a concave portion surrounded by the straight pipe. Planting equipment. 4. The seedling raising layer is composed of a bag of a knitted body or a nonwoven fabric and organic fibers filled in the bag, and the fixing means has one end locked by the seedling raising layer and the other end provided with water holding / draining means. 4. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein
The planting device according to any one of the above. 5. The planting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fixing means is formed of a hollow body, has a through hole at a top, and is connected and fixed to a bottom of the fixing means. . 6. The planting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a hollow ridge that intersects in a grid pattern is integrally provided in the concave portion forming the fixing portion. 7. The ventilation mechanism includes the hollow body having a through hole at a top, the hollow ridge communicating with the hollow body, and the straight pipe serving as a drain communicating with the hollow ridge. The atmosphere is the hollow body, the hollow ridge, the straight pipe,
7. The planting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the plant can be circulated through the soil layer and the seedling raising layer.