JPH11305206A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To fix a liquid crystal display(LCD) element to an upper case through a spacer on an accurate position with sufficiently large strength. SOLUTION: The LCD element PNL is fixed to the upper case SHD through the spacer SPC having a both-coated adhesive cape BAT at least on one surface between the rear surface of the upper case SHD and the upper surface of a lower substrate SUB1 on a part where the outer periphery of the lower substrate SUB1 constituting the element PNL is located on the back side exceeding the inner periphery of a display window of the upper case SHD. In the constitution, the LCD element can surely be fixed to the upper case of which width is narrowed due to a narrow frame. Especially when a so-called chip-on-glass(COG) type LCD element directly mounting a driving IC on a lower substrate is used, the frame of the whole LCD device can easily be narrowed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device provided with an illumination light source having a linear light source arranged along at least one end surface of a light guide made of a transparent plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device has been widely used as a display device capable of high-definition and color display for a notebook computer or a display monitor.

[0003] The liquid crystal display device includes a simple matrix type using a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates on which parallel electrodes formed so as to cross each other are formed on each inner surface;
2. Description of the Related Art An active matrix liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal panel having a switching element for selecting a pixel in one of a pair of substrates is known.

An active matrix type liquid crystal display device is
A so-called vertical electric field type liquid crystal display device (generally, a TN type active matrix type) using a liquid crystal panel in which an electrode group for pixel selection is formed on a pair of upper and lower substrates as represented by a twisted nematic (TN) type. A liquid crystal panel in which an electrode group for pixel selection is formed only on one of a pair of upper and lower substrates,
There is a so-called in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device (generally referred to as an IPS mode liquid crystal display device).

In the liquid crystal panel constituting the former TN mode active matrix type liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal is twisted by 90 ° in a pair (two) of substrates, and is absorbed on the outer surfaces of the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal panel. Two polarizing plates are laminated with the axial direction arranged in crossed Nicols and the absorption axis on the incident side made parallel or perpendicular to the rubbing direction.

In such a TN type active matrix type liquid crystal display device, when no voltage is applied, the incident light becomes linearly polarized light on the incident side polarizing plate, and this linearly polarized light propagates along the twist of the liquid crystal layer, and the outgoing side polarized light. When the transmission axis of the plate coincides with the azimuthal angle of the linearly polarized light, all the linearly polarized light is emitted and white display is performed (a so-called normally open mode).

When a voltage is applied, the direction (director) of a unit vector indicating the average alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecular axes constituting the liquid crystal layer is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the azimuth of the incident side linearly polarized light. Since the angle does not change, it coincides with the absorption axis of the exit-side polarizing plate, so that black display is performed. (See "Basics and Applications of Liquid Crystals" published by the Industrial Research Council in 1991).

On the other hand, an electrode group for pixel selection and an electrode wiring group are formed only on one of a pair of substrates, and a voltage is applied between adjacent electrodes (between a pixel electrode and a counter electrode) on the substrate by applying a voltage. In an IPS type liquid crystal display device in which layers are switched in a direction parallel to the substrate surface, a polarizing plate is arranged so as to display black when no voltage is applied (a so-called normally closed mode).

The liquid crystal layer of this IPS mode liquid crystal display device is
In the initial state, the director of the liquid crystal layer is in a homogeneous orientation parallel to the substrate surface, and in a plane parallel to the substrate, the director of the liquid crystal layer is parallel or somewhat angled with the electrode wiring direction when no voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal layer is oriented when the voltage is applied. The direction of the director shifts in a direction perpendicular to the electrode wiring direction with the application of the voltage, and the director direction of the liquid crystal layer is 45 times smaller than the director direction when no voltage is applied.
° When tilted in the electrode wiring direction, the liquid crystal layer at the time of applying the voltage has an azimuth of 90 degrees of polarization as if it were a half-wave plate.
And the azimuth of the polarized light coincides with the transmission axis of the exit-side polarizing plate, and a white display is obtained.

This IPS mode liquid crystal display device has a feature that a change in hue and contrast is small even at a viewing angle and a wide viewing angle is achieved (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-505).
247).

In the above-mentioned full-color liquid crystal display devices, a color filter system is mainly used. In this method, a pixel corresponding to one dot of color display is divided into three, and a color filter corresponding to each of three primary colors, for example, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is arranged in each unit pixel. This is achieved by doing so.

The present invention can be applied to the above-mentioned various liquid crystal display devices. The outline of the present invention will be described below by taking a TN type active matrix type liquid crystal display device as an example.

As described above, in a liquid crystal display element (also referred to as a liquid crystal panel) constituting a TN type active matrix type liquid crystal display device (for simplicity, hereinafter simply referred to as an active matrix type liquid crystal display device), a liquid crystal layer is formed. A gate line group extending in the x-direction and juxtaposed in the y-direction on a surface of one of two transparent insulating substrates made of glass or the like which face each other via a liquid crystal layer; A drain line group extending in the y direction while being insulated from the line group and arranged in parallel in the x direction is formed.

Each region surrounded by the group of gate lines and the group of drain lines becomes a pixel region, and a switching element such as a thin film transistor (T
FT) and a transparent pixel electrode.

When the scanning signal is supplied to the gate line, the thin film transistor is turned on, and a video signal from the drain line is supplied to the pixel electrode via the turned on thin film transistor.

It is to be noted that, in addition to the drain lines of the drain line group, the gate lines of the gate line group extend to the periphery of the substrate to form external terminals, and are connected to the external terminals. Video driving circuit, gate scanning driving circuit, that is, a plurality of driving ICs constituting them
(Semiconductor integrated circuit) is externally mounted around the substrate. In other words, a plurality of tape carrier packages (TCP) on which these drive ICs are mounted are externally provided around the substrate.

However, since such a substrate has a structure in which a TCP on which a driving IC is mounted is externally mounted, an intersecting region of a gate line group and a drain line group of the substrate is formed. The area occupied by the area between the outline of the display area and the outer frame of the substrate (usually called a frame) becomes large, and the liquid crystal display element is integrated with the illumination light source (backlight) and other optical elements. This is contrary to the desire to reduce the external dimensions of the liquid crystal display module.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem as much as possible, that is, due to demands for high-density mounting of the liquid crystal display element and miniaturization of the outer shape of the liquid crystal display module, the video drive is performed without using TCP parts. The so-called flip-chip method or chip-on-glass (COG) method in which a scanning IC and a scanning drive IC are directly mounted on a substrate has been proposed.

The flip-chip type liquid crystal display device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-256426 filed by the same applicant.
There is a number.

[0020]

A liquid crystal display device of this type is, for example, a substrate made of two sheets of glass or the like at a predetermined gap so that the surfaces on which a transparent electrode for display and an alignment film are laminated face each other. (The upper substrate and the lower substrate) are overlapped, and both substrates are bonded together with a sealing material provided in a frame shape (a square shape) in the vicinity of the peripheral portion between the two substrates, and a notch provided in a part of the sealing material The liquid crystal display element (liquid crystal display panel,
A liquid crystal panel), a backlight disposed behind the liquid crystal display element and supplying light to the liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal driving circuit board disposed outside the outer periphery of the liquid crystal display element, A lower case, which is a molded product for housing and holding the light, and a metal shield case (upper case, upper frame) housing the above members and having a display window (hereinafter also simply referred to as a window or a window). Etc.).

The backlight is, for example, a synthetic resin plate such as a transparent acrylic plate for guiding light emitted from a light source to a direction away from the light source and uniformly irradiating the entire surface of the liquid crystal display element with light. A linear light source (a fluorescent tube such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp) arranged parallel to and along the end face near at least one end face (one side face) of the light guide body. A fluorescent tube is covered over substantially the entire length thereof, and a cross-sectional shape is substantially U-shaped, and a light source reflector whose inner surface is a reflection surface is disposed on a light guide, for example,
The upper surface is a prism surface formed by arranging a large number of triangular prisms in parallel, the lower surface is formed of a smooth surface, and the light of the backlight emitted over a wide angle range is aligned in a certain angle range, and the light guide is formed. A diffusion sheet for diffusing light from
It is composed of a prism sheet for improving the brightness of the backlight, a reflection sheet disposed below the light guide, and reflecting light from the light guide to the liquid crystal display element to the side.

In a conventional liquid crystal display device, the upper case (shield frame) and the liquid crystal display element are fixed by using a double-sided tape or a plastic having at least one double-sided adhesive tape between the upper substrate and the upper case of the liquid crystal display element. The spacer made of a thin plate was interposed.

FIG. 45 is a sectional view of an essential part for explaining an example of a conventional structure for fixing a liquid crystal display element and an upper case. The driving base IC of the two substrates constituting the liquid crystal display element PNL
The lower substrate SUB1 on the side on which is mounted extends beyond the edge of the upper substrate SUB2.

The liquid crystal display element PNL and the upper case SH
D is fixed to at least one surface of a double-sided tape BAT or a spacer made of a thin plate of plastic or the like via a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive.

However, the width of the upper case SHD (the inner peripheral edge of the window) becomes narrower due to the so-called narrowing of the frame, and the width of the double-sided adhesive tape or the spacer also becomes narrower. You have to use tape. Alternatively, when a spacer is used, its width is narrowed, which causes insufficient strength and lateral meandering, which protrudes from a window to deteriorate the appearance and makes it difficult to accurately fix the liquid crystal display element.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device which can fix the liquid crystal display element and the upper case with sufficient strength and accurate position by solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0027]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention focuses on the fact that a lower substrate constituting a liquid crystal display element projects more toward an upper case than an upper substrate.
It is characterized in that a spacer is interposed between the protruding portion and the upper frame to fix them. That is, the present invention is configured as described in the following (1) or (2).

(1) A liquid crystal display element, a light guide and a linear light source arranged at least along one end surface of the light guide, and a light guide on a surface of the light guide opposite to the liquid crystal display element. An illumination light source having an installed reflection sheet, and an image formed by integrating an upper case having a window formed in an effective display area of the liquid crystal display element and a lower case having a concave portion holding the illumination light source. In the signal display device, the outer peripheral surface of the lower substrate constituting the liquid crystal display element is located on the back side beyond the inner periphery of the window of the upper case, and between the back surface of the upper case and the upper surface of the lower substrate. The upper case and the liquid crystal display element were laminated and fixed by interposing a spacer having a double-sided adhesive tape on at least one surface.

According to this configuration, the liquid crystal display element can be securely fixed to the upper case that is narrowed with the narrowing of the frame. In particular, the so-called C in which the drive IC is directly mounted on the lower substrate
When an OG type liquid crystal display element is used, the frame of the entire liquid crystal display device can be easily reduced.

(2) A plurality of openings are formed at positions overlapping the lower substrate along the inner periphery of the window of the upper case in (1), and projections are formed to fit into the plurality of openings. A spacer having a double-sided adhesive tape on at least one of the formation surface and the back surface thereof was inserted between the back surface of the upper case and the upper surface of the lower substrate to laminate and fix the upper case and the liquid crystal display element.

According to this structure, the movement of the spacer is restricted, and the meandering of the spacer is suppressed, so that the liquid crystal display element can be fixed to the upper case accurately and with high strength. Note that an adhesive may be used instead of the double-sided adhesive tape.

[0032]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a liquid crystal display device for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display element PNL includes a lower substrate SUB1 and an upper substrate S
A liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between UB2 and a lower polarizing plate PO
The upper polarizing plate POL2 is laminated on L1 on the upper surface. The lower substrate SUB1 extends outward from the upper substrate SUB2, on which a drive IC is mounted, an interface substrate PCB is disposed on the lower surface, and a backlight (backlighting device: not shown) is disposed on the lower surface. ) Are stacked.

The liquid crystal display element PNL and the backlight are connected to an upper case (shield frame) S having a display window opened.
It is sandwiched and fixed between the HD and a lower case (mold case) (not shown).

In this embodiment, a double-sided adhesive tape BAT is provided between the upper case SHD and the lower case in response to the fact that the width of the window forming portion of the upper case SHD becomes narrower as the frame of the liquid crystal display device becomes narrower. The liquid crystal display element PNL and the upper case SHD are fixed via the spacer SPC. Note that the double-sided adhesive tape BAT may be arranged on only one surface of the spacer SPC.

With this configuration, even when the width of the upper case SHD becomes narrow, the liquid crystal display element PNL can be held sufficiently firmly.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are main part structural diagrams of another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention on the side on which the interface board of the upper frame SHD is mounted.
Indicates the front side, and (b) indicates the back side. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 correspond to the same functional parts.

At the corners of the upper case SHD, there are formed a mounting hole HLD for mounting to a mounting device and a concave portion ALV for pressing against the interface board. Then, a spacer SPC is installed on the inner peripheral back surface of the window WD.

In this embodiment, the window W forming the display area
A plurality of openings HOLS are formed along the inner periphery of D. The projection formed on the spacer fits into the opening HOLS to regulate the installation position of the spacer SPC, and the spacer SP
The liquid crystal display element and the upper case SHD are accurately and firmly fixed by suppressing the meandering of C.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the spacer B in FIG. 1, and the upper case SHD is indicated by a dashed line. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the spacer SPC includes:
A projection SPC-P that fits into an opening HOLS formed in the upper case SHD is formed, and a double-sided adhesive tape BAT (or an adhesive) is interposed on one or both sides of the projection row. The back of the SHD is fixed. In FIG. 4, this double-sided adhesive tape BAT is attached to the projection SP.
Although it is provided at the rear part (opposite side of the window) of the CP, since the width of the window side is extremely narrow, the spacer SPC is made thicker than the rear part without providing the double-sided adhesive tape BAT in this part. Then, it directly comes into contact with the back surface of the upper case SHD.

With this configuration, even if the width of the fixed portion of the upper case SHD with the liquid crystal display element is reduced due to the narrowing of the frame, the spacer SPC is accurately interposed along the inner peripheral back surface of the window of the upper case SHD. Therefore, meandering of the spacers and protrusion of the spacers from the windows can be prevented, and the liquid crystal display element PNL can be reliably fixed.

Next, a specific example of the liquid crystal display device to which the above embodiment is applied will be described in detail. In the drawings described below, components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are exploded perspective views for explaining an entire configuration example of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 covers the liquid crystal display element with an upper case constituting a housing of the liquid crystal display device. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a previous state, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an upper case and an upper case in which an illumination light source (backlight) and various optical films laminated on the lower surface of the upper case and the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a developed perspective view showing a state before fixing.

5 and 6, SHD is an upper case (shield case), PNL is a liquid crystal display element, and SPC
(SPC1 to SPC2) are insulating spacers, SCP-P is a protrusion of the spacer SPC (fitted into an opening formed in the upper case SHD), BAT is a double-sided adhesive tape, FPC1,
FPC2 is a multilayer flexible substrate (FPC1 is a gate-side substrate, FPC2 is a drain-side substrate), PCB is an interface substrate, SPS is a diffusion sheet, PRS is a prism sheet, GLB is a light guide, RFS is a reflector, G is a rubber cushion, MCA is the lower case (mold frame),
LP is a cold cathode fluorescent tube (CFL), LS is a light source reflector, L
PCH is a cable holder for a cold cathode fluorescent tube.

The shield case SH shown in FIG.
D is made by stamping and bending a single metal plate by a press working technique. WD is an opening that exposes the liquid crystal display element PNL to the field of view. In the liquid crystal display element PNL, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between two substrates, and a plurality of gate lines and drain lines arranged crosswise and thin film transistors are arranged at intersections of the gate lines and drain lines on the lower substrate. One pixel is composed of a pixel electrode driven by a thin film transistor.

The driving IC for driving the gate is a liquid crystal display element P
It is mounted on the lower board edge of the NL interface board PCB side, and supplies a drive signal to a drive IC for gate drive by the flexible board FCP1. A drive IC for driving the drain is mounted on the lower substrate on the side adjacent to the side on which the interface substrate is installed, and the flexible substrate FCP
2 supplies a drive signal to a drain drive IC.

Each of the above-described drive ICs and the flexible substrate F
The liquid crystal display device on which the CP1, the FCP2, and the interface substrate PCB are mounted is hereinafter referred to as a peripheral circuit mounted liquid crystal display device ASB.

A light guide GLB is provided on the inner periphery of the lower case MCA via a rubber cushion GC. Light guide GL
A reflector RFS is laminated on the back surface of B. On the upper surface of the light guide GLB, two prism sheets PRS (PR
S1, PRS2) and the diffusion sheet SPS are laminated, and the peripheral circuit-mounted liquid crystal display element ASB shown in FIG. 3 is mounted thereon, the upper case SHD is covered, and the fixed claws NL formed on the periphery of the upper case SHD are formed. A fixing recess formed in the lower case MCA is fitted and fixed, and a liquid crystal display device (also called a liquid crystal display module) is assembled.

Next, an example of the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. In addition,
Although there may be slight differences in the configuration of each drawing, it should be understood that this means that the present invention is applicable to a plurality of types of liquid crystal display devices.

FIG. 7 is a completed assembly view of the liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display module), and is a front view and side views of the liquid crystal display element PNL as viewed from the front side (that is, the liquid crystal display element PNL side). FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an interface substrate on which the liquid crystal display module of FIG. 7 is mounted on the back surface and the side surface thereof.

The liquid crystal display module MDL has two types of storage / holding members, a lower case (mold frame) MCA and an upper case (shield frame SHD). H
LD is a personal computer with the module MDL as a display unit,
These are four mounting holes provided for mounting on an information processing device such as a word processor. A mounting hole HLD of the shield frame SHD is formed at a position corresponding to the mounting hole MH (shown enlarged in FIG. 20) of the mold case MCA (FIG. 11). Fix and implement. In the module MDL, the inverter for the backlight is connected to the MI portion (FIG. 11).
Connector LCT, lamp cable LPC
The power is supplied to the backlight BL via the.

Signals from the main computer (host) and necessary power are supplied to the interface connector CT1 on the interface board located on the back of the module.
To the controller section and the power supply section of the liquid crystal display module MDL via the.

FIG. 8B shows an interface board PC.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration example of B. The interface board PCB has a connector CT1 for receiving a signal from the main computer and a necessary power supply, and a low-voltage differential receiving circuit for converting a serial low-voltage differential signal received from the main computer into an original parallel signal. Chip LVDS,
A control circuit chip TCON, a digital / digital conversion circuit chip DD for generating various DC voltages, and a connector CT for connecting a gate-side flexible board FPC1 and a drain-side flexible board FPC2, which will be described later.
3 and CT2.

FIG. 9 shows a gate-side flexible substrate FPC1.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of relevant parts for explaining the arrangement of the drain-side flexible substrate FPC2. A driving IC for driving a gate is mounted on the upper surface of the liquid crystal display element PNL on the interface substrate side, and a gate-side flexible substrate FPC1 connected to the driving IC is arranged. Flexible board FPC
A drive IC for driving the drain is mounted on the lower side of the liquid crystal display element PNL adjacent to 1, and a flexible substrate FPC2 connected to the drive IC is arranged.

A protrusion JN4 is formed at the end of the flexible board FPC2 on the side of the gate-side flexible board FPC1, and a connector (flat connector) for connecting to the connector CT2 of the interface board PCB at the tip.
CT4 is provided, and the flexible substrate FPC2 is bent on the back surface of the liquid crystal display element PNL to connect the connector C
T4 is connected to connector CT2 of the interface board.

According to this embodiment, the connection portion between the interface substrate PCB and the drain-side flexible substrate FPC2 is substantially flush with the flexible substrate FPC2.
Therefore, the overlapping of the drain-side flexible substrate FPC2 as described in the related art is eliminated, and the overall thickness of the liquid crystal display device is reduced by that much, and thinning can be promoted.

Next, a specific example of another example of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail. In the drawings described below, components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals,
The description of the repetition is omitted.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view illustrating another overall configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. SHD is the upper case (shield case), WD is the display window, SPC1 to SPC
PC4 is an insulating spacer, FPC1 and FPC2 are bent multilayer flexible circuit boards (FPC1 is a gate-side circuit board, FPC2 is a drain-side circuit board), PCB is an interface circuit board, and ASB is an assembled liquid crystal display element with a drive circuit board. , PNL is a liquid crystal display element having a driving IC mounted on one of two superposed transparent insulating substrates, PRS is a prism sheet (two sheets),
SPS is a diffusion sheet, GLB is a light guide, RFS is a reflection sheet, MCA is a lower case (mold case) formed by integral molding, LP is a linear light source (cold cathode fluorescent tube), LPC1 and LPC2 are lamp cables , LCT are connection connectors for an inverter, and GB is a rubber bush indicating a cold cathode fluorescent tube. The rubber bush is stacked in the illustrated vertical arrangement, fixed by an upper case SHD and a lower case MCA, and a liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display). Display module) is assembled. Details of other configurations will be described below.

FIG. 11 is an assembled view of the liquid crystal display module, which is a front view, a front side view, a right side view, and a left side view of the liquid crystal display element PNL viewed from the front side (ie, the upper side, the display side). .

FIG. 12 is an assembled view of the liquid crystal display module, and is a rear view of the liquid crystal display element PNL viewed from the rear side (that is, from below).

The liquid crystal display module MDL has two types of storage / holding members: a molded case MCA as a lower case and a shield frame SHD as an upper case. H
DL is a personal computer using the module MDL as a display unit,
These are four mounting holes provided for mounting on an information processing device such as a word processor. A mounting hole HLD of the shield case SHD is formed at a position corresponding to a mounting hole MH (FIGS. 19 and 20 described later) of the mold case MCA (see FIG. 7). Fixed and implemented. In the module MDL, a backlight inverter is arranged in the MI section,
Power is supplied to the backlight BL via the connection connector LCT and the lamp cable LPC.

Signals from the main computer (host) and necessary power are supplied to the controller and power supply of the liquid crystal display module MDL via the interface connector CT1 located on the back of the module.

FIG. 38 is a block diagram showing a TFT liquid crystal display element of the liquid crystal display module shown in FIG. 10 and circuits arranged on the outer periphery thereof. Although not shown, in the present configuration example, the drain drivers IC _{1 to} IC _M are the drain-side lead lines DT formed on one substrate of the liquid crystal display element.
Chip-on-glass mounting (COG mounting) is carried out using M and the gate side lead line GTM and an anisotropic conductive film or an ultraviolet curing resin.

In this configuration example, the XGA specification 800
Corresponding to × 3 × 600 effective dots, M drain driver ICs and N gate driver ICs are COG mounted. The drain driver section 103 is disposed below the liquid crystal display element, the gate driver section 104 is disposed on the left side, and the controller section 101 and the power supply section 102 are disposed on the same left side. The controller section 101, the power supply section 102, the drain driver section 103, and the gate driver section 104 are interconnected by electrical connection means JN1 and JN2, respectively. Also, the controller unit 101
The power supply unit 102 is disposed on the back surface of the gate driver unit 104.

Next, the structure of each component is shown in FIGS.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

<< Metal Shield Case >> FIG. 11 shows an upper surface, a front side surface, a right side surface, and a left side surface of the shield case SHD. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the shield case SHD viewed from obliquely above. is there. The shield case (metal frame) SHD is manufactured by punching and bending a single metal plate by a press working technique. An opening WD exposes the liquid crystal display element PNL to the field of view, and is hereinafter referred to as a display window.

NL is a fixing nail for fixing the shield case SHD and the mold case MCA. HK
Also, for example, six fixing hooks are provided, each of which is provided integrally with the shield case SHD. The fixing claws NL shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 store the liquid crystal display element ABS with the driving circuit in the shield case SHD with the spacer SPC interposed therebetween in a state before bending, and are bent inward to form the molded case MCA. It is inserted into the provided square fixing recess NR (see each side view in FIG. 19) (see FIG. 12 for the folded state).

The fixing hooks HK are fitted into fixing projections HP (see the side view in FIG. 19) provided on the mold case MCA. Thereby, the shield case SHD for holding and storing the liquid crystal display element ABS with the drive circuit
And a molded case MCA that holds and stores the light guide GLB, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP, and the like. A thin and long rectangular rubber cushion is provided around four edges of the lower surface of the light guide GLB (the rear surface of the reflection sheet) (see FIGS. 34 to 37 described later).

Also, the fixing claw NL and the fixing hook HK
Extend the bending of the fixing claws NL and fix the fixing hooks H
Since the removal is easy only by removing the K, the repair is easy and the replacement of the cold cathode fluorescent tube of the backlight BL is also easy. Further, in this configuration example, as shown in FIG. 6, one side is mainly fixed by the fixing hook HK, and the opposite side is fixed by the fixing nail NL. Can be disassembled simply by removing some of the fixing claws NL. Therefore, repair and replacement of the backlight are also easy.

The CSP is a through hole, and the relative position between the shield case SHD and the other parts is accurately set by inserting the through hole CSP into the pin which is fixed at the time of manufacture and fixed to the pin. It is for. The insulating spacers SPC1 to SPC4 are coated with an adhesive on both surfaces of the insulating material, so that the shield case SHD and the liquid crystal display element with drive circuit ABS can be reliably fixed with the spacing between the insulating spacers. When the module MDL is mounted on an application product such as a personal computer, the through-hole CSP
Can be used as a reference for positioning.

<< Insulating Spacer >> As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and FIGS.
The SPC 4) not only ensures insulation between the shield case SHD and the liquid crystal display element ABS with a drive circuit, but also ensures positional accuracy with the shield case SHD and double-sided adhesive tape between the liquid crystal display element with a drive circuit ABS and the shield case SHD. It is fixed by BAT.

<< Multilayer Flexible Substrates FPC1, FPC
2 >> FIG. 13 is a front view of a liquid crystal display device with a driving circuit board in which a gate-side flexible substrate FPC1 and a drain-side flexible substrate FPC2 before bending are mounted on the outer periphery of the liquid crystal display device PNL.

FIG. 14 shows an interface circuit board PCB.
FIG. 14 is a rear view of the liquid crystal display device with a drive circuit board of FIG. 13 on which is mounted.

FIG. 15 shows that after mounting the flexible boards FPC1, FPC2, and the interface circuit board PCB under the shield case SHD, the flexible board F
FIG. 9 is a rear view showing a state in which the liquid crystal display element PNL is housed in the shield case SHD by bending the PC2.

The left IC chip in FIG. 13 is a driving IC chip on the vertical scanning circuit side, the lower IC chip is a driving IC chip on the video signal driving circuit side, and an anisotropic conductive film (A in FIG. 32).
It is COG mounted on the substrate using CF2) or an ultraviolet curing agent.

In the conventional method, a tape carrier package (TCP) in which a driving IC chip is mounted by a tape automated bonding method (TAB) is connected to a liquid crystal display element PNL using an anisotropic conductive film. CO
In the G mounting, since the direct drive IC is used, the above TA
The process B is not required, the process is shortened, and the tape carrier is not required. In addition, CO
G mounting is suitable as a mounting technology for a high-definition and high-density liquid crystal display element.

Here, drain driver ICs are arranged in a line on one long side of the liquid crystal display element PNL, and a drain line is drawn out on one long side. The gate lines are also drawn out to one short side, but when the definition is further improved, the gate lines can be drawn out to two opposing short sides.

In the method of alternately drawing out the drain line or the gate line, the drain line DTM or the gate line GT
The connection between M and the output-side bumps BUMP of the drive IC is facilitated, but it is necessary to dispose the peripheral circuit board on the outer periphery of two long sides of the liquid crystal display element PNL opposed to each other. For this reason, there is a problem that the external dimensions are larger than in the case of single-sided drawer. In particular, when the number of display colors increases, the number of data lines of display data increases and the outermost dimension of the information processing apparatus increases. In this configuration example, the drain line is drawn out to only one side using a multilayer flexible substrate. I have to.

FIGS. 23A and 23B are explanatory diagrams of a multilayer flexible substrate FPC2 for driving a drain driver. FIG. 23A is a back (lower) view, and FIG. 23B is a front (upper) view. FIGS. 25A and 25B are explanatory diagrams of the multilayer flexible substrate FPC1 for driving the gate driver. FIG. 25A is a back surface (lower surface) diagram, and FIG. 25B is a front (upper surface) diagram.

FIG. 29 is a structural explanatory view of the multilayer flexible substrate FPC2 shown in FIG. 23, and FIG.
(A) is a sectional view taken along line AA ', (b) is a sectional view taken along line B-
FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view along the line B ′, and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view along the line CC ′. Note that, for the sake of explanation, the ratio of the dimension in the thickness direction to the dimension in the plane direction in FIG. 29 is different from the actual dimension and is exaggerated.

FIG. 26 is a schematic wiring diagram showing the connection relationship between the signal wiring in the multilayer flexible substrate FPC and the input signal to the driving IC on the substrate SUB1. The signal wiring in the multilayer flexible substrate FPC includes a first wiring group parallel to one side of the substrate SUB1 and a second wiring group perpendicular to the one side of the substrate SUB1. The first wiring group is a common wiring group for supplying a common signal between the driving ICs, and the second wiring group is a wiring group for supplying a signal required for each driving IC. Therefore, at least the partial FSL is 1
It is composed of multiple conductor layers. Further, the partial FML is composed of at least two conductor layers, and it is necessary to electrically connect the first wiring group and the second wiring group with through holes. In this configuration example, it is necessary to reduce the short side length of the portion FML to a length that does not touch the end of the lower deflection plate when bent.

That is, as shown in FIG. 29, three or more conductor layers, for example, eight conductor layers L1 to L in this configuration example.
8 is provided in parallel with one side of the liquid crystal display device PNL, and peripheral circuit wiring and electronic components are mounted on this portion, so that the number of layers can be maintained while maintaining the external dimensions of the substrate even when the number of data lines increases. Can be dealt with by increasing.

The conductor layer L1 is for component pad, ground, L
2 is for a gray scale reference voltage _Vref , 5V (or 3.3V) power supply, L3 is for ground, L4 is for data signals and clocks CL2 and CL1, L5 is for lead-out wiring which is the second wiring group, and L6 is for gradation reference voltage V _ref, L7 is a data signal, L8 is 5V (or, 3.3V) power supply.

The connection between the conductor layers is made through holes VIA (FIG. 2).
9 (a)). Conductor layer L
1 to L8 are formed of copper Cu wiring, and input terminal wiring Td to the drive IC of the liquid crystal display element PNL (FIGS. 27 and 2).
8), a portion of the conductor layer L5 is further plated with gold Au on a nickel Ni base on copper Cu.
Therefore, the connection resistance between the output terminal TM and the input terminal wiring Td can be reduced.

Each of the conductor layers L1 to L8 has an intermediate layer made of a polyimide film BFI as an insulating layer, and the conductor layers are fixed by an adhesive layer BIN. The conductor layer is covered with an insulating layer except for the output terminal TM, but the multilayer wiring portion F
In the ML, a solder resist SRS is applied to the uppermost and lowermost layers to secure insulation. Further, an insulating silk material SLK is attached to the outermost surface.

The advantage of the multilayer flexible substrate is that the conductor layer L5 including the connection terminal portion TM necessary for COG mounting is provided.
Can be integrally formed with other conductor layers, and the number of parts is reduced.

[0086] In addition, by forming the portion FML of three or more conductor layers, the portion becomes less rigid and hard, so that the positioning hole FHL can be arranged in this portion. Even when bending the multilayer flexible substrate, reliable and accurate bending can be performed without deformation at this portion. Further, as will be described later, the solid shape or, for example, a diameter of 200
A mesh-shaped conductor pattern ERH (see FIG. 31 (a)) provided with a large number of small holes ESH of about m can be arranged on the surface layer L1, and the remaining two or more conductor layers can be used as conductor patterns for component mounting and peripheral wiring. Wiring can be performed.

The projecting portion FSL does not need to be a single conductor layer, and the projecting portion FSL may be formed of two conductor layers. In this configuration, when the pitch of the input terminal wiring Td to the driving IC becomes narrow, the patterns of the terminal wiring Td and the connection terminal portion TM are formed in a staggered pattern in a plurality of rows of wiring groups. Or the like, and when the connection terminal portion TM in the first conductor layer is pulled out, the wiring group in one row meets the through hole VIA and is connected to the multilayer second conductor layer. When a part of the peripheral wiring is arranged on the second conductor layer in the protruding portion FSL, the configuration of the second conductor layer is effective.

As described above, by forming the protruding portion FSL with two or less conductor layers, heat transfer is good at the time of thermocompression bonding by heat sealing, pressure can be applied uniformly, and the connection terminal portion TM and the terminal The reliability of the electrical connection of the wiring Td can be improved. Also, when bending a multilayer flexible substrate,
Bending with high accuracy can be performed without applying bending stress to the connection terminal portion TM. Further, since the protruding portion FSL is translucent, the pattern of the conductor layer can be observed from the upper surface side of the multilayer flexible substrate, so that there is an advantage that a pattern inspection such as a connection state can be performed from the upper surface side. In addition,
JT2 in FIG. 23 is a drain-side flexible substrate FPC2.
A concave portion for electrically connecting the circuit board and the interface circuit board PCB, CT4 is a flexible substrate FPC2 provided at the tip of the convex portion JT and the interface circuit board PCB
This is a flat type connector for electrically connecting the power supply and the power supply.

FIGS. 24A and 24B are explanatory views of a main part of the multilayer flexible printed circuit FPC2. FIG. 24A is an enlarged detailed view of a portion J in FIG. 23A, and FIG. It is a side view.

[0090] In FIG. 24 (a), P _X is the wave of the wavelength of the polyimide film BFI end wavy, P _Y its wave height (amplitude × 2 wave), P ₁ is connecting the mountain each other wave linear (Referred to as a wave peak line), and P ₂ is a straight line connecting the wave valleys (referred to as a wave valley line). LY2 is (referred to as connection length) length of the connection portion of the substrate SUB1 of the multilayer flexible substrate FPC2, LY1 is the length between the connection portion and mountain line P ₁ of the wave with the substrate SUB1 of the multilayer flexible substrate FPC2 is there.

The drain-side flexible substrate FPC2 is
As shown in FIG. 24B, one end of the liquid crystal display element PN
The terminal of the drain line at the end of SUB1 of L (FIGS. 27 and 2
8 Td) via an anisotropic conductive film ACF, folded at the middle of the wave height P _Y outside of the edge, and the multilayer wiring portion FML at the other end is arranged on the lower surface of SUB1, It is stuck on the lower surface of SUB1 by a tape BAT. Note that the numbers 1 to 1 assigned to the output terminals TM in FIG.
45 is a number 1 to 45 assigned to the terminal T in FIGS. 27 and 28.
And is electrically connected via the anisotropic conductive film ACF1.

As described above, in this configuration, in the flexible board FPC2 for signal input whose one end is connected to the end of the substrate SUB1 of the liquid crystal display element and the other end is folded back on the lower surface (or upper surface) of the substrate SUB1. By forming the end portion of the polyimide film BFI of the protruding portion FSL into a wavy shape (or a shape having peaks and valleys such as a sawtooth shape) along the bending line direction, the end portion of the polyimide film BFI at the bent portion is formed. , And a good bending curve (R) can be provided at the bent portion, the occurrence of disconnection can be suppressed, and the reliability can be improved.

In this configuration example, the gate-side multilayer flexible substrate FPC1 has three conductor layers, and L1 is V
_dg (10V), V _sg (5V), V _ss (ground), L
2 is a lead wiring, clock CL3, FLM, V _dg (1
0 V), L3 is V _EG (-10 to -7 V), V _EE (-1
4 V), V _SG (5 V), and common voltage V _com .

Next, the alignment marks ALMG (FIG. 25A) on the multilayer flexible substrate and ALMD (FIG.
4 (a)) will be described.

In the multilayer flexible substrates FPC1 and FPC2 shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the length of the output terminal TM is usually designed to be about 2 mm in order to secure connection reliability. However, since the long sides of the flexible substrates FPC1 and FPC2 are long, a positional shift including slight rotation in the long axis direction may cause a positional shift between the input terminal wiring Td and the output terminal TM, resulting in a connection failure. . Liquid crystal display element PN
The alignment between the L and the flexible substrates FPC1 and FPC2 is performed by inserting the holes FHL opened at both ends of each substrate into the fixing pins and then aligning the input terminal wiring Td and the output terminal TM at several places. However, in order to further improve the accuracy, two alignment marks ALMG and ALMD are provided for each protruding portion FSL.

In this configuration example, in order to improve connection reliability, a dummy line NC is provided at a position adjacent to a predetermined number of input terminals TM, and a square-shaped alignment mark ALMG is formed on the dummy line by patterning. The connection is performed, and the square filling pattern (on the drain side, see ALC in FIGS. 27 and 28) on the opposing substrate SUB1 is positioned so as to be exactly contained in the square.

The common voltage is applied from the conductive beads or paste to the substrate S through the pattern of the wiring Td on the substrate SUB1.
It is supplied to the common transparent pixel electrode COM on the UB2 side.

The alignment mark ALMG is provided in pattern connection with a terminal electrically connected to the common transparent pixel electrode COM, and is aligned with the square filling pattern ALD (see FIG. 28) on the substrate SUB1. Further, in this configuration example, a joint pattern (not shown) for connecting to the flexible substrate FPC1 of the gate driver is provided at the lower end of the flexible substrate FPC2 of the drain driver in FIG.

Next, the shape of the conductor layer portion FSL of two or less layers will be described.

FS comprising a single-layer or two-layer conductor wiring
The projecting shape of L was a convex shape separated for each driving IC. Thus, the pitch P _G and P _D terminal TM vary thermal expansion multilayer flexible substrate in the longitudinal direction at the time of thermocompression bonding of a heat tool, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon of peeling or poor connection occurs between the connection terminals Td. That is, the driving IC
It can be a thermal expansion amount corresponding to the length of the pitch P _G and P _D cycle of each even driver IC shift by up to a terminal TM by a separate convex shape for each. In this configuration example, the multilayer flexible substrate is formed into a convex shape divided into 10 in the major axis direction, the amount of thermal expansion can be reduced to about 1/10, which contributes to relaxation of application to the terminal TM, and The reliability of the liquid crystal display module MDL can be improved.

As described above, the alignment mark ALM
G and ALMD, and drive the protruding shape of the portion SL.
By forming the convex shape separated for each C, even if the number of connection wirings or the number of display data increases, the peripheral driving circuit can be reduced with high accuracy while ensuring connection reliability.

Next, three or more conductor layer portions FML will be described.

The chip capacitors CHG and CHD are mounted on the conductor layer portion FML of the FPC1 and FPC2. That is, in the gate-side multilayer flexible substrate FPC1, the chip capacitor CHG is soldered between the ground potential V _SS (0V) and the power supply V _dg (10V) or between the power supply V _sg (5V) and the power supply V _dg . Further, in the flexible substrate FCP2 on the drain side B, the ground potential V _SS
And the power supply V _dd (5 V or 3.3 V) or between the ground potential _VSS and the power supply V _dd
Is soldered. These capacitors CHG and CHD are for reducing noise superimposed on the power supply line.

In this configuration example, the above chip capacitor C
The HD was soldered only to one surface conductor layer L1 and was designed to be located entirely below the substrate SUB1 after bending. Therefore, it is possible to mount the power supply noise smoothing capacitor on the flexible substrates FPC1 and FPC2 while keeping the thickness of the liquid crystal display module MDL constant.

Next, a method for reducing high-frequency noise generated from an information processing device equipped with a liquid crystal display device will be described.

Since the shield case SHD side is the front side of the liquid crystal display module MDL and the front side of the information processing apparatus, the generation of EMI (electromagnetic interference) noise from this side depends on the usage environment for external devices. It creates big problems. For this reason, in this configuration example, the surface layer L1 of the conductor portion FML is covered with a solid or mesh pattern ERH of a DC power supply as much as possible.

FIGS. 31A and 31B are explanatory views of the conductor pattern of the multilayer wiring portion. FIG. 31A is a plan view showing the surface conductor layer pattern configuration of the multilayer wiring portion FML in a part of FIG. ) Shows a partially enlarged view of the interface circuit board PCB of FIG.

The mesh MESH includes a large number of holes of about 300 μm formed in the surface conductor layer L1, and the mesh pattern ERH includes the through-holes VIA and the capacitors CHD.
It covers almost the entire surface except for parts.

<< Interface Circuit Board PCB >> FIG.
3 is an explanatory view of an interface circuit board having a controller section and a power supply section, and FIG.
(B) is a partial front side view of the mounted hybrid integrated circuit HI, and (c) is a front (top) view.

In this configuration example, a multilayer printed circuit board made of a glass epoxy material was used for the interface circuit board PCB (hereinafter, simply referred to as the board PCB). It should be noted that a multilayer flexible substrate can be used, but since this portion did not employ a bent structure, a multilayer printed circuit board was used which was relatively inexpensive.

The electronic components are all mounted on the lower surface side of the substrate PCB, which is the back side when viewed from the information processing apparatus side. One integrated circuit element TCON is disposed on the substrate for the display control device. The integrated circuit element TCON is not housed in a package, and is directly mounted on a circuit board PCB by using a ball grid array (Ball Grid Array).
y) It is implemented.

The interface connector CT1 is connected to the substrate P
It is located substantially at the center of the CB, and further includes a plurality of resistors, capacitors, circuit components EMI for removing high-frequency noise, and the like.

The hybrid integrated circuit HI is formed by hybridizing a part of the circuit and mounting a plurality of integrated circuits and electronic components mainly for forming a power supply on the upper and lower surfaces of a small circuit board. PCB
One is mounted above.

The electrical connection of the flexible board FPC1 as the gate driver board and the interface circuit board PCB via the electrical connection means JN1 uses the connector CT3 in this configuration.

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 7, FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB', FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ', and FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line D ′.

As shown in FIG. 35, the liquid crystal display element PN
When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the substrates SUB1 and SUB2 constituting L, the interface circuit substrate PCB is overlapped with the liquid crystal display element PNL, and is disposed below the lower surface of SUB1. Further, one end of the flexible substrate FPC1 for the gate driver has a liquid crystal display element PN.
L directly and mechanically connected to the substrate SUB1 of L,
Unlike the drain side, almost the entire width is superimposed on the interface circuit board PCB without bending.

As described above, the interface circuit board P
The CB is partially overlapped with the lower substrate SUB1 of the liquid crystal display element PNL, and a circuit board FPC1 for a gate driver is further provided.
Are superimposed on the interface circuit board PCB, so that the width and area of the frame can be reduced, and the external dimensions of a liquid crystal display element and an information processing device such as a personal computer or a word processor incorporating the liquid crystal display element as a display section. Can be reduced.

As described with reference to FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display element PNL and the shield case SHD are connected to the liquid crystal display element PNL.
Spacer SPC such as resin between lower substrate SUB1
And fixed on the upper and lower sides thereof with a double-sided adhesive tape BAT interposed therebetween.

A plurality of openings HOLS are formed in the shield case SHD in the longitudinal direction, and the protrusions SPC2-P formed on the spacer SPC are fitted to prevent the spacer SPC from shifting.

FIGS. 35 and 36 correspond to the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. That is, the opening HOLS is formed in the upper case SHD, and the spacer SPC is formed as the protrusion SPC.
−P, the projection SPC-P is fitted into the opening HOLS, and the spacer SPC is formed between the liquid crystal display element PNL and the upper case SH
D is exactly inserted.

<< Liquid crystal display element ABS with drive circuit board >>
As shown in FIG. 36, the flexible substrate F for the drain driver is provided on the side opposite to the pattern forming surface of the substrate SUB1.
PC2 is bent and adhered.

FIG. 30 is a perspective view for explaining a method of bending and mounting a multilayer flexible substrate. The connection between the flexible substrate FPC2 for the drain driver and the flexible substrate FPC1 for the gate driver is performed by using a FP as a joiner.
A flat connector CT4 provided at the tip of a convex portion JT2 made of a flexible substrate integrated with C2 is used.

The flat connector CT4 is provided on the surface side of the convex portion JT2. First, the flat connector CT4 is folded around the line BTL in the BENT1 direction, and then folded in the BENT2 direction to be connected to the connector CT2 of the interface board PCB (see FIG. 33).
To join. In addition, fixing of the FPC2 and the substrate SUB1 is as follows.
This is performed by inserting a double-sided adhesive tape between the FPC 2 and the substrate SUB1.

<< Rubber Cushion GC >> Rubber Cushion G
C is a light guide G as shown in FIGS. 6 and 34 to 37.
Reflective sheet and mold case MC installed on the lower surface of LB
A between the light guides G
The LB and the liquid crystal display element PNL are fixed between the shield case SHD and the mold case MCA. Note that the rubber cushion GC is installed around the light guide GLB, or may be inserted only into the engaging portion between the claws NL formed on the shield case SHD and the mold case MCA.

At least one surface of the rubber cushion GC is provided with an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive tape.
B and one of the molded cases MCA are attached to the other and fixed.

<< Backlight BL >> As shown in FIG. 34, the backlight BL is composed of a light guide GLB, an optical sheet member including a diffusion sheet SPS and a prism sheet PRS disposed on the upper surface thereof, and a lower surface of the light guide GLB. Sheet RFS installed in the light source, a linear light source (cold cathode fluorescent tube) LP installed along one end surface of the light guide GLB, and a light source reflector LS
It is composed of Each of these members is a mold case M
It is stored in the recess of CA.

The light source reflector LS is installed above the linear light source LP along the longitudinal direction, and is fixed to the edge of the light guide GLB (on the prism sheet PRS) and the edge of the mold case MCA with a double-sided adhesive tape BAT. ing.

In the configuration example, the reflection sheet RFS provided on the lower surface of the light guide GLB is extended to a position below the linear light source LP, and the extension RFS-E is used as a lower light source reflector. However, the lower light source reflector is not always necessary, and it is sufficient that the inner surface of the mold case MCA is light reflective (mirror surface or white). Further, the linear light source L
A linear light source L is provided on the inner wall side opposite to the light guide GLB of P.
Even if the light from P is reflected, most of the light is blocked by the linear light source and is not used, so there is no need to install a reflector,
Linear light source LP and reflector LS or molded case MC
When the gap on the lower surface of A becomes large, the light utilization rate can be improved by making the inner wall (including the bottom surface) of the mold case MCA light-reflective (mirror surface or white).

FIG. 16 is a front view of the backlight BL (the liquid crystal display element PNL side), FIG. 17 is a front view of the backlight shown in FIG. 11, with the prism sheet PRS and the diffusion sheet SRS removed, and FIG. FIG. 18 is a front view similar to FIG.

The lamp cables LPC (LPC1, LPC2) of the cold cathode fluorescent tubes, which are the linear light sources LP, are wired on the side surfaces of the liquid crystal display element PNL, and supplied with power from a not-shown inverter power supply board via a lamp connector LCT. GB is a rubber bush that holds the lamp cable LPC.

<< Diffusion Sheet SPS >> Diffusion Sheet SPS
Is mounted on the light guide GLB and diffuses light emitted from the upper surface of the light guide GLB to uniformly certify the liquid crystal display element PNL.

<< Prism Sheet PRS >> In this configuration example, the prism sheet PRS is composed of two sheets, and the diffusion sheet SPS is used.
Are placed on top of each other, and each prism sheet having a smooth lower surface and a prism surface as an upper surface is arranged so that the prism grooves are perpendicular to each other. This prism sheet P
RS transmits light from the diffusion sheet SPS to the liquid crystal display element PNL.
Light is collected in the direction to improve the brightness of the backlight BL.
As a result, the power consumption of the backlight can be reduced, and the size and weight of the liquid crystal display module can be reduced.

Diffusion sheet SPS and prism sheet PRS
Are provided with two fixing small holes SLV whose positions coincide with each other at the time of installation of the sheet, and a pin-shaped protrusion M is formed at the corresponding one end of the mold case MCA.
A PN is formed, and both are inserted and aligned via the sleeve SLV. The sleeve SLV is made of, for example, an elastic body such as silicon rubber, and has an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the convex portion MPN, thereby preventing the sleeve SLV from falling off.

As shown in FIG. 19, the linear light source L
On the side opposite to P, the diffusion sheet S is attached to a pin-shaped projection MPN integrally provided at one side end of the mold case MCA.
By inserting and positioning the small holes provided in the PS and the prism sheet PRS, more accurate positioning can be performed.

Since the convex portion MPN is located below the gate-side flexible substrate FPC1 and does not overlap with the circuit board PCB in a plan view, the thickness of the liquid crystal display module is not increased.

<< Molded Case MCA >> FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of the molded case MCA, and FIG.
It is an enlarged view of a part, a B part, a C part, and a D part. A molded case MCA, which is a lower case formed by molding, includes a cold cathode fluorescent tube LP, a lamp cable LPC, and a light guide GLB.
This is a backlight storage case that holds the etc., and is made by integral molding with one mold of synthetic resin.

The molded case MCA is tightly united with the metal shield case SHD by the action of each fixing member and the elastic body, and the vibration resistance of the liquid crystal display module MDL is improved.
Thermal shock resistance can be improved and reliability is improved.

On the bottom surface of the mold case MCA, a large opening MO occupying more than half the area of the bottom surface is formed at the center except the surrounding frame portion. Thereby, after assembling the mold case NCA, the backlight B
Rubber cushion GC between L and mold case MCA
Is applied to the bottom surface of the mold case MCA vertically from the upper surface to the lower surface by the action of the mold case MCA.
The bottom surface of the CA can be prevented from swelling, the increase in the maximum thickness is suppressed, and the thickness and weight of the liquid crystal display module MDL can be reduced.

The MCL in FIG. 19 is a notch provided in the molded case MCA at a location corresponding to the mounting portion of the power supply circuit DC-DC converter shown in the heat generating components (FIG. 15, FIG. 33) of the interface circuit board PCB. (Including a notch for connecting the connector CT1).

As described above, by providing the cutout without covering the heat generating portion on the circuit board PCB with the mold case, the heat radiation of the heat generating portion of the interface circuit board PCB can be improved. In addition, the integrated circuit TCON for display control is also considered to be a heat-generating component, and the molded case MCA thereon may be cut away.

In FIG. 19, MH is a 4 for attaching the liquid crystal display module MDL to an application device such as a personal computer.
Mounting holes. The shield case SHD is also provided with a mounting hole HLD corresponding to the mounting hole MH of the mold case MCA, and is fixed and mounted on an application device using screws or the like.

In FIGS. 19 and 20, MB is the light guide GL.
B is a holding part, and PJ is a positioning part. MC1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a housing for the lamp cables LPC1 and LPC2.

<< Storing Light Guide GLB in Mold Case MCA >> FIG. 21 shows a light guide GLB mold case MCA.
5A is a plan view of a main part, FIG. 5B shows a conventional structure of a corner portion of FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5C shows a structure of the present configuration example of a corner portion.

As shown in FIG. 21A, the light guide GL
The four corners of B are provided with straight bevels which are chamfered.
A linear oblique positioning portion PJ is also formed at A. Conventionally, as shown in (b), since the corner portion is at a right angle, the light guide GLB, which is a weak component against the force F in the side direction (y direction) of the light guide GLB and is heavy, is subject to vibration and impact. As a result, the positioning portion PJ was sometimes damaged.

In this configuration example, as shown in FIG. 21C, the light guide GLB and the positioning portion PJ are formed in an oblique shape, so that the force applied to the positioning portion PJ is dispersed in two directions fx and fy. In addition, the positioning portion PJ can be prevented from being damaged, and the reliability is improved.

<< Arrangement of Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tube LP and Light Source Reflector LS >> As shown in FIGS. 21A and 22, the light source reflector LS is located above the linear light source (cold cathode fluorescent tube) LP.
The light guide GLB and the mold case MCA are bridged and fixed using double-sided adhesive tape. FIG. 34 shows a cross section of a leipe provided with a linear light source on the side surface.

As shown in FIG. 34, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP as a linear light source is installed close to one end surface of the light guide GLB, and the light source reflector LS is placed above the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP.
Fixed at T.

In FIG. 16 to FIG. 18, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP constituting the backlight BL is a liquid crystal display module MDL.
Are arranged on the long side and below the display area. That is, as shown in FIGS. 44 and 45, when mounted on an information processing device such as a personal computer or a word processor, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP is located below the long side of the display unit. In the example shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, when the inverter IV is arranged in the inverter storage section MI in the display section, the lamp cable LPC1 is connected to the left and upper 2 of the liquid crystal display module MDL.
The lamp cable LPC2 is wired along the right side.
Wired along the sides. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG.
Shows a case where the inverter IV is arranged in the keyboard,
The lamp cable LPC1 is wired along three sides of the left, upper, and right sides of the liquid crystal display module MDL, and both lamp cables LPC1 and LPC2 extend from the lower right.

As described above, by disposing the cold cathode fluorescent lamps LP below the display section of the liquid crystal display module MDL, FIG.
When the inverter IV is arranged in the keyboard section as shown in FIG.
The length of the PC 2 can be shortened, the impedance causing noise and a change in waveform can be reduced, and the startability of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp LP can be improved. In addition,
When the inverter IV is arranged on the keyboard side, the width of the display unit can be further reduced. Furthermore, a cold cathode fluorescent tube LP
Is arranged below the display unit, the shock caused by opening and closing the display unit is reduced, and the reliability is improved. Then, since the center of the display surface of the liquid crystal display element PNL shifts upward,
There is also an effect that it is possible to prevent a hand striking the keyboard by the user from being difficult to see below the display screen.

In the above configuration, the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp LP is provided below the long side of the liquid crystal display element PNL. However, it goes without saying that the cold cathode fluorescent tube LP may be provided above the long side or on the short side.

FIG. 38 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a liquid crystal display element PNL and a driving circuit and the like arranged on the outer periphery thereof. In this configuration, a thin film transistor (TFT)
Driver section 103 is arranged only below the liquid crystal display element PNL (TFT-LCD), and has a size of 800 × 600.
A gate driver unit 104, a controller unit 101,
A power supply unit 102 is provided.

The drain driver section 103 is mounted by bending the above-mentioned multilayer flexible substrate. The interface board PCB on which the controller unit 101 and the power supply unit 102 are mounted is arranged on the back surface of the gate driver unit 104 arranged on the outer periphery of the short side of the liquid crystal display element PNL. This is because the width of the information processing apparatus is limited, and it is necessary to reduce the width of the liquid crystal display module MDL constituting the display unit as much as possible.

As shown in FIG. 39, the thin film transistor TFT is arranged in an intersection region between two adjacent drain signal lines D and two adjacent gate signal lines G. The drain electrode and the gate electrode of the thin film transistor TFT are
Each is connected to a drain signal line D and a gate signal line G.

Since the source electrode of the thin film transistor TFT is connected to the pixel electrode and a liquid crystal layer is provided between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, a liquid crystal capacitance (C _LC ) is provided between the thin film transistor TFT and the source electrode of the thin film transistor TFT. Connected equivalently. The thin film transistor TFT becomes conductive when a positive bias voltage is applied to the gate electrode, and becomes non-conductive when a negative bias voltage is applied. A storage capacitor C _add is connected between the source electrode of the thin film transistor TFT and the previous gate signal line.

It should be understood that the source electrode and the drain electrode are originally determined by the bias polarity between them, and in this liquid crystal display device, the polarities are inverted during the operation, and therefore, it should be understood that the source electrode and the drain electrode are switched during the operation. However, in the following description, one is fixed as a source electrode and the other is fixed as a drain electrode for convenience.

FIG. 42 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of each driver (drain driver, gate driver, common driver) of the liquid crystal display element and a signal flow. The display control element 201 and the buffer circuit 210 are provided in the controller unit 101 shown in FIG.
Are provided in the drain driver section 103 shown in FIG.
The gate driver 206 is the gate driver unit 10 of FIG.
4.

The drain driver 211 includes a data latch unit for display data and an output voltage generation circuit. Further, the gradation reference voltage generator 208 and the multiplexer 20
9, common voltage generation unit 202, common driver 203,
Level shift circuit 207, gate-on voltage generator 20
4. The gate-off voltage generator 205 and the DC-DC converter 212 are provided in the power supply unit 12 shown in FIG.

FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the levels of the common voltage, the drain voltage, and the gate voltage and their waveforms. The drain waveform shows a waveform in black display.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of display data and clock signals to the gate driver 206 and the drain driver 211. FIG. 43 is a timing chart showing display data input from the main computer (host) to the display control device 201 and signals output from the display control device 201 to the drain driver and the gate driver.

The display control device 201 is provided with a control signal (clock signal, display timing signal,
(A synchronization signal), a clock D1 (CL1), a shift clock D
2 (CL2) and display data, and at the same time, a frame start instruction signal FLM, a clock G (CL3) and display data as control signals to the gate driver 206.

The carry output at the preceding stage of the drain driver 211 is directly used as the drain driver 211 at the next stage.
Carry input.

As is apparent from FIG. 41, the shift clock signal D2 (CL2) for the drain driver is the same as the frequency of the clock signal (DCLK) and display data input from the main computer, and is about 40 MHz in the XGA display element. And the EMI countermeasures become important.

<< Information Processing Device Mounted with Liquid Crystal Display Module MDL >> FIGS. 44 and 45 are perspective views of a notebook personal computer or a word processor mounted with the liquid crystal display module MDL, respectively. As described above, FIG. 44 shows the inverter IV as a display unit, that is, a liquid crystal display module MD.
FIG. 45 shows a case in which it is arranged in the keyboard unit, when it is arranged in the L inverter storage unit MI (see FIGS. 16 to 19).

The signal from the information processing device first goes from the connector located at the approximate center of the left interface board PCB to the display control integrated circuit element TCON, and the converted display data is sent to the drain driver peripheral circuit. Flows. As described above, by using the COG method and the multilayer flexible substrate, the restriction on the outer width of the information processing device can be eliminated, and a small-sized information processing device with low power consumption can be provided.

<< Planar and Cross-sectional Structure Near the Driving IC Chip Mounting Portion >> FIG. 27 shows the lower substrate S of the liquid crystal display element PNL.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a state where a driving IC is mounted on UB1. FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. In FIG. 27, the upper substrate SUB2 is indicated by a dashed line, but is positioned above the lower substrate SUB1 and overlaps the liquid crystal LC including the effective display area AR by a seal pattern SL.

The electrode COM on the substrate SUB1 is a wiring to be electrically connected to the common electrode pattern on the substrate SUB2 via conductive beads or silver paste. Wiring DTM
(Or GTM) is to supply an output signal from the driving IC to a wiring in the effective display unit AR. The input wiring Td supplies an input signal to the driving IC.
The anisotropic conductive film ACF includes a plurality of driving I
An elongated ACF2 common to the portion C and an elongated ACF1 common to the input wiring pattern portions to the plurality of driving ICs are separately attached.

The passivation film (protective film) PSV1,
Although PSV2 is also shown in FIG. 32, the wiring portion is covered as much as possible to prevent electrolytic corrosion, and the exposed portion is anisotropic conductive film ACF1.
To cover.

Further, the periphery of the side surface of the driving IC is filled with an epoxy resin or a silicone resin SIL (see FIG. 32), and protection is multiplexed.

In FIG. 41, the gate-on level waveform (DC) and the gate-off level waveform are -9V to -14V.
V, and turns on at 10V. The drain waveform (during black display) and the common voltage V _com waveform are approximately 0V to 3V.
The level changes between V. For example, in order to change the drain waveform of the black level every horizontal period (1H), the logic processing circuit performs logical inversion on a bit-by-bit basis and inputs the result to the drain driver. The gate off-level waveform operates with substantially the same amplitude and transfer as the common voltage V _com .

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of the flow of display data and clock signals for the gate driver 104 and the drain driver 103. As described above, the display control device 10
1 is a control signal (clock signal,
In response to the display timing signal and the synchronization signal, the clock D1 (CL
1), a shift clock D2 (CL2) and display data are generated, and at the same time, as a control signal to the gate driver 104, a frame start instruction signal FLM and a clock G (CL
3) and generate display data.

The carry output at the preceding stage of the drain driver 103 is directly used as the drain driver 103 at the next stage.
Is given to the carry input.

As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say. For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal display device.
The present invention can be similarly applied to other types of liquid crystal display devices. The present invention is not limited to the flip-chip type in which the driving IC is directly mounted on a substrate, but can be similarly applied to a conventional device using TCP.

[0173]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the upper case and the liquid crystal display element are fixed to the lower substrate, the frame can be narrowed easily. In addition, the spacer and the upper case are fitted with projections and openings to regulate the installation position of the spacer. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which can prevent insufficient strength of the spacer and meandering in the horizontal direction, realize accurate fixing of the liquid crystal display element, and can easily narrow the frame.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a liquid crystal display device illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram of an upper frame SHD on a side on which an interface substrate is mounted for explaining another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a spacer in which a portion B in FIG. 1 is enlarged.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A 'of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a state before a liquid crystal display element is covered by an upper case constituting a housing of the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 6 is a development showing a state before an illumination light source (backlight) and various optical films laminated on the upper case and the lower surface of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 5 are housed in the lower case and fixed to the upper case. It is a perspective view.

FIG. 7 is an assembled view of a liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display module).

8 is an explanatory diagram of an interface substrate on which the liquid crystal display module of FIG. 7 is mounted on a back surface and side surfaces thereof.

FIG. 9 is a main part plan view for explaining the arrangement of a gate-side flexible substrate FPC1 and a drain-side flexible substrate FPC2.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the overall configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an assembled view of the liquid crystal display module,
It is a front view of a liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 12 is an assembled view of the liquid crystal display module,
It is a rear view of a liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a liquid crystal display device with a drive circuit board in which a gate-side flexible substrate and a drain-side flexible substrate before being bent are mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 14 is a rear view of the liquid crystal display device with the drive circuit board on which the interface circuit board PCB is mounted.

FIG. 15 is a rear view showing a state in which the flexible board and the interface circuit board are mounted with the shield case on the lower side, and then the flexible board is bent and the liquid crystal display element is housed in the upper case (shield case).

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a front surface and a front surface of a backlight.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a front surface and a front side surface in which a prism sheet and a diffusion sheet are removed from the backlight of FIG. 11;

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view of a front and a front side similar to FIG. 12, showing another configuration example of the backlight.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a lower case (mold case).

FIG. 20 is an enlarged explanatory view of a corner portion of the mold case in FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of mounting a light source reflector in a storage portion of a light guide in a mold case.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of an installation state of a reflection plate of a linear light source.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of a multilayer flexible substrate FPC2 that drives a drain driver.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a mounting portion of the multilayer flexible substrate PC2.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a multilayer flexible substrate FPC1 that drives a gate driver.

FIG. 26 is a wiring diagram showing a connection relationship between a signal wiring in a multilayer flexible substrate and an input signal to a driving IC on a lower substrate SUB1.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of a state where a driving IC is mounted on a lower substrate of a liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 28 shows a drain driving I on the lower substrate of the liquid crystal display element.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part around a mounting portion of C and near a cutting line CT1 of the substrate.

FIG. 29 is a sectional view taken along lines AA ′, BB ′, and CC ′ in FIG. 23;

FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing a bending mounting method of the multilayer flexible substrate FPC2 and a connection portion between the multilayer flexible substrates FPC1 and FPC2.

31 is a partially enlarged view of the surface conductor layer of the multilayer flexible board FPC and the interface circuit board PCB shown in FIG. 33;

FIG. 32 is a sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 27;

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram of an interface circuit board PCB.

FIG. 34 is a sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 7;

FIG. 35 is a sectional view of an example taken along line BB ′ of FIG. 7;

FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of one example taken along line CC ′ of FIG. 7;

FIG. 37 is a sectional view taken along line D-D ′ of FIG. 7;

FIG. 38 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a liquid crystal display element and a driving circuit and the like arranged on an outer peripheral portion thereof.

FIG. 39 is a block diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the liquid crystal display module.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of display data and clock signal flows for a gate driver and a drain driver.

FIG. 41 is a diagram showing levels of common voltage, drain voltage, and gate voltage and waveforms thereof.

FIG. 42 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of each driver (a drain driver, a gate driver, and a common driver) and a signal flow of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 43 is a timing chart showing display data input from the main computer (host) to the display control device and signals output from the display control device to the drain driver and the gate driver.

FIG. 44 is a perspective view of a notebook computer or a word processor on which the liquid crystal display module MDL is mounted.

FIG. 45 is a perspective view of another notebook personal computer or word processor on which the liquid crystal display module MDL is mounted.

FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view of a principal part explaining a coupling structure between a liquid crystal display element and an upper case of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 SHD Shield frame (upper case) MCA Mold case (lower case) SPC spacer SPC-P Projection HOLS Opening BAT Double-sided adhesive tape GLB Light guide LP Linear light source (cold cathode fluorescent tube).

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on front page (72) Inventor Kengo Kobayashi 3300 Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Electronic Device Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshio Toriyama 3681-Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Hitachi Device Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display element, a linear light source disposed at least along one end face of the light guide and at least one end face of the light guide, and installed on a surface of the light guide opposite to the liquid crystal display element. A video signal comprising an upper case having a window in an effective display area of the liquid crystal display element, and a lower case having a concave portion holding the illumination light source. In the display device, the outer peripheral surface of the lower substrate constituting the liquid crystal display element is located on the back side beyond the inner periphery of the window of the upper case, and between the back surface of the upper case and the upper surface of the lower substrate. A liquid crystal display device, wherein the upper case and the liquid crystal display element are laminated and fixed by interposing a spacer having a double-sided adhesive tape on at least one surface. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the upper case has a plurality of openings at positions overlapping with the lower substrate along an inner periphery of the window, and forms projections to be fitted into the plurality of openings, and the projection formation surface or the back surface thereof. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a spacer having a double-sided adhesive tape on at least one of the upper case and the liquid crystal display element is laminated and fixed between the back surface of the upper case and the upper surface of the lower substrate. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to 1.