JPH11289726A - Reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reluctance motor front which high torque can be obtained, even if the motor is small-sized. SOLUTION: Individual pieces 25A-25F of a laminated core are formed by repeatedly laminating one core piece 29B, having a smaller circular-arcuate diameter upon one core piece 29A having a larger circular-arcuate diameter and two core pieces 29A, having the larger circular-arcuate diameters upon the piece 29B. Then, after winding sections are formed by vertically winding windings around the field magnet poles 27A-27F of the core pieces 25A-25F, a stator is formed by coupling the six pieces 25A-25F with each other. In addition, a rotor core 10 is manufactured by repeatedly laminating one rotor piece 16B, having a larger circular-arcuate diameter upon the laminated body of two rotor pieces 16A having a smaller circular-arcuate diameter and two rotor pieces 16A having the smaller circular-arcuate diameter upon the piece 16B. The rotor core 10 is formed by laminating the rotor pieces 16 having different circular-arcuate diameters upon another in such a way that the parts overlapping the core pieces 29 of the stator 20 can be formed in the diametral direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reluctance motor, and more particularly to an improvement in a stator and a rotor constituting a reluctance motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A reluctance motor has a salient pole type rotor core 10 as shown in FIG.
0, a salient pole type stator 20 for generating a switching magnetic field
have. A field winding (not shown) is wound around the field poles 30 of the stator 20, and each field pole 30 acts as a magnet.

[0003] The field winding is connected to a three-phase inverter, and a switching magnetic field corresponding to the frequency of the power supply is generated in the stator 20. This switching magnetic field acts to switch the polarity of the field pole 30 in order. Therefore, a force as shown in the figure acts between each field pole 30 and the salient pole 15 of the rotor core 10, and the rotor core 10 rotates in synchronization with the switching magnetic field formed by the stator 20. Will be.

Since the reluctance motor that rotates on such a principle has a simple structure and is robust, demand is anticipated. With the demand for downsizing, the reluctance motor itself must be downsized. I have.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional reluctance motor, the rotor core 10
6, a certain amount of gap G must be provided so that the salient poles 15 and the field poles 30 do not come into contact with each other during rotation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15 and the magnetic pole surface 30A of the field pole 30, and if a larger torque is to be obtained, the diameter of the rotor core 10 (the salient pole 15
Arc diameter) must be increased.

[0006] Therefore, it is difficult to provide a reluctance motor satisfying the contradictory requirement that a large torque can be generated while pursuing miniaturization with the conventional structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to meet such a conventional demand, and the basic structure of a stator and a rotor constituting a reluctance motor is changed so that a small-sized reluctance motor can obtain a high torque. The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

The present invention for achieving the above object is constituted as follows for each claim. According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a field pole on which a magnetic pole surface having a concavo-convex shape that is continuous in the axial direction is formed, and a radial gap is provided with a certain gap with respect to the concavo-convex shape of the magnetic pole face of the stator of the field pole. And a rotor core formed with a magnetic pole surface having a concavo-convex shape continuous in the axial direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the first aspect, the concave-convex shape of the magnetic pole surface of the field pole is such that a large-diameter magnetic pole portion and a small-diameter magnetic pole portion are continuously laminated. The large-diameter magnetic pole portion is formed of a steel plate having a large arc diameter, and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion is formed of a steel plate having a small arc diameter.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the first aspect, the uneven shape of the magnetic pole surface of the rotor core is such that a large-diameter rotating portion and a small-diameter rotating portion are continuously laminated. The large diameter rotating portion is formed by a steel plate having a large arc diameter, and the small diameter rotating portion is formed by a steel plate having a small arc diameter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the second aspect, the large-diameter magnetic pole portion and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole are formed by stacking iron core pieces having the same plate thickness. It is characterized by having.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the second aspect, the thickness of the core piece that forms the large-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole forms the small-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole. It is characterized in that it is thicker than the plate thickness of the iron core piece.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the third aspect, the large diameter rotating portion and the small diameter rotating portion of the rotor core are formed by laminating rotor pieces having the same plate thickness. It is characterized by being formed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the third aspect, the thickness of the rotor piece forming the large-diameter rotating portion of the rotor core is smaller than the small-diameter rotation of the rotor core. It is characterized in that it is thinner than the thickness of the rotor piece forming the rotor portion.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the reluctance motor according to the first aspect, the rotor core has a thickness of at least a part of a large diameter rotating portion or a small diameter rotating portion constituting the rotor core. The center plane is shifted from the thickness center plane of the large-diameter magnetic pole section or the small-diameter magnetic pole section of the field pole facing the large-diameter rotating section or the small-diameter rotating section in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor core, and is supported. Is what you do.

[0016]

The reluctance motor of the present invention configured as described above has the following effects for each claim. According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, since the rotor core and the field pole overlap in the radial direction, the apparent appearance of the rotor core is the same even if the dimensions are the same (the diameter of the stator). The upper diameter can be increased, and the torque generated by the rotor core can be increased.

The invention according to claim 4 or 6 is:
Since the iron core pieces or the rotor pieces have the same thickness, the formability of the steel sheet is good, and the manufacture is easy.

In the invention according to claim 5 or claim 7, since the iron core pieces or the rotor pieces have different plate thicknesses, the performance (particularly, rotational torque) of the reluctance motor can be achieved by adopting the optimum plate thickness. Can be improved.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the rotor core may be configured such that at least a part of the large-diameter rotary portion or the small-diameter rotary portion constituting the rotor core has a thickness center plane which is fixed to the large-diameter rotary portion or the small-diameter rotary portion. The rotor is supported by being shifted in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor core from the thickness center plane of the large-diameter magnetic pole portion or the small-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole opposing the magnetic field. In one direction, and this force can reduce vibration and noise.

[0020]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a stator and a rotor core of a reluctance motor of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of the reluctance motor of the present invention.

The reluctance motor of the present invention has a stator 2
0 and a rotor core 10. The stator 20 includes six laminated core pieces 2 divided in the circumferential direction for each pole tooth unit.
5A to 25F are formed by cyclically bonding. Each of the laminated core pieces 25A to 25F is formed by laminating core pieces 29 obtained by stamping steel plates having the same thickness. The core piece 29 has a large arc diameter (distance from the motor shaft center) of the field pole 27 (the core piece 29A) and the field pole 2.
7 having a small arc diameter (iron core piece 29B). Each of the laminated core pieces 25A to 25F is formed by laminating core pieces 29A having a large arc diameter and core pieces 29B having a small arc diameter in a mixed manner.

In the reluctance motor 1 shown in FIG. 1, a large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 is formed by stacking two core pieces 29A having a large arc diameter.
Are repeatedly formed on the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 to form a small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32 by laminating one iron core piece 29B having a small arc diameter to form laminated iron core pieces 25A to 25F. That is, the laminated core pieces 25A to 25F have a structure in which the large-diameter magnetic pole portions 31 and the small-diameter magnetic pole portions 32 are alternately laminated, and their magnetic pole surfaces have a shape in which the cross section repeats irregularities.

In the present embodiment, the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31
(The concave portions on the pole faces of the laminated core pieces 25A to 25F are formed by laminating the two core pieces 29A. However, the present invention is not limited to this. By laminating three or more pieces, Alternatively, the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 may be formed by a single thick iron core piece 29A. Further, the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32 (which forms the convex portion of the magnetic pole surface of each of the laminated core pieces 25A to 25F) is not formed by a single core piece 29B, but is formed by laminating a plurality of core pieces 29B. You may do it.

The laminated core piece 2 thus prepared
Windings are wound vertically around the field poles 27A to 27B of the respective 5A to 25F to form a winding portion 28, and these six laminated core pieces 25A to 25F are connected and fixed in an annular shape as shown in FIG. A child 20 is created. When a winding is wound around the field poles 27 of the divided laminated core pieces, the winding ratio of the winding portion 28 can be increased, and the generated field magnetic flux increases. It is possible to meet the demand for smaller and higher torque.

In the above example, the thickness of the steel sheet for forming the laminated core pieces is the same for the steel sheet for the iron piece 29A and the steel sheet for the iron piece 29B. In consideration of the thickness of the portion 31 and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32, the thickness of the steel plate for the core piece 29A having a large arc diameter may be twice as large as the steel plate for the core piece 29B having a small arc diameter. When the laminated iron core pieces are formed from steel plates having the same thickness, there is an advantage that the formability of the steel plates is good and the production control is easy, but the number of man-hours for lamination (production man-hours) increases. There is a disadvantage that. Conversely, if different plate thicknesses are used for different steel plates having different arc diameters, manufacturing management becomes complicated, but the number of laminations can be reduced, so that the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced accordingly. Further, by adopting a steel plate having an optimum thickness for the iron core piece 29A and the iron core piece 29B, it is possible to improve the performance of the reluctance motor (particularly, the rotational torque characteristic).

The rotor core 10 has salient poles 15 arranged evenly in the circumferential direction. As in the case of the stator 20, rotor pieces 16 having the same plate thickness and different arc diameters are laminated. Formed. There are two types of rotor pieces 16, one having a small arc diameter of the rotor core 10 (rotor piece 16A) and one having a large arc diameter (rotor piece 16B). The rotor core 10 includes a rotor piece 16A having a small arc diameter.
And the rotor piece 16B having a large arc diameter are laminated and formed.

In the reluctance motor 1 shown in FIG. 1, two rotor pieces 16A each having a small arc diameter are overlapped with each other to form a small-diameter rotating portion 1A.
7 (forming a concave portion of the magnetic pole surface of the rotor core 10), a single rotor piece 16B having a large arc diameter is stacked on the small-diameter rotary portion 17, and a large-diameter magnetic pole portion 18 (rotor core 10) is formed. (To form a convex portion of the magnetic pole surface) is repeated to form the rotor core 10. That is, the rotor core 10 has a structure in which the small-diameter rotating portions 17 and the large-diameter rotating portions 18 are alternately stacked, and their magnetic pole surfaces have a shape in which the cross section repeats irregularities.

As described above, the stator 20 also includes the core pieces 29A and 29B having different arc diameters mixed and laminated to form the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32, as described above. The small-diameter rotating part 17 and the large-diameter rotating part 18 of the stator 10 are laminated and formed by mixing rotor pieces 16 having different arc diameters so as to alternately mesh with the large-diameter magnetic pole part 31 and the small-diameter magnetic pole part 32 of the stator 20. .

That is, the large-diameter rotating portion 1 of the rotor core 10
8 is positioned so as to face the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 of the field pole 27, and the small-diameter rotating portion 17 of the rotor core 10 is positioned so as to face the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32 of the field pole 27. The rotor core 10 is formed into a shape in which the rotor core 10 can be rotated while the unevenness of the pole face of the field pole 27 overlaps the unevenness of the pole face of the rotor core 10 in a radial direction through a certain gap.

Therefore, when the rotor core 10 is mounted on the shaft to complete the reluctance motor, the positional relationship between the stator 20 and the magnetic pole surfaces of the rotor core 10 is as shown in FIGS. , And the rotor rotates in this state.

In the above example, the thickness of the rotor piece 16 for making the rotor core 10 is the same for the rotor piece 16A and the rotor piece 16B. Considering the thicknesses of the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32, even if the thickness of the steel plate for the rotor piece 16B having a large arc diameter and the thickness of the steel plate for the rotor piece 16A having a small arc diameter are different. good. When the rotor core 10 is formed of steel plates having the same thickness, there is an advantage that the formability of the rotor pieces is good and the production control is easy, but the number of man-hours for lamination (production man-hour) is small. There is a disadvantage that it increases. Conversely, if different plate thicknesses are used for different steel plates having different arc diameters, manufacturing management becomes complicated, but the number of laminations can be reduced, so that the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced accordingly. Further, the thickness of the steel plate of the rotor core 10 may be a thickness unique to the rotor core 10 irrespective of the thickness of the steel plate forming the stator 20, or the thickness of the steel plate forming the stator 20 It may be the same as the thickness. The use of a steel sheet having the same thickness as the steel sheet forming the stator 20 is advantageous in terms of formability and production cost.

The core piece 29A having a large arc diameter, the core piece 29B having a small arc diameter, and the rotor core 1 constituting the stator 20 are provided.
By setting the thickness of each of the rotor piece 16A having a small arc diameter and the rotor piece 16B having a large arc diameter to form an optimum thickness, a rotor having a large torque can be produced while suppressing man-hours and production costs. It becomes possible to obtain a reactance motor.

The rotor core 10 thus formed is
Is mounted by being inserted into the rotating shaft 50 as shown in FIG. 3, and is rotatably supported by bearings 60A and 60B.

In the reluctance motor of the present invention, the position of the rotor core 10 is deliberately shifted in the axial direction with respect to the stator 20 as shown in FIG. That is,
Thickness center plane M ′ of large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 (recess) of stator 20
And the thickness center plane M of the large-diameter rotating part 18 (convex part) of the rotor 10, the thickness center plane of the small-diameter magnetic pole part 32 (convex part) of the stator 20, and the small-diameter rotating part 17 (concave part) of the rotor 10. The thickness center planes are not supported in alignment with each other, but are supported by being shifted slightly below the shaft 50.

When the center planes M 'and M are supported so as to be shifted from each other in this manner, in the case shown in FIG. 4, a force is exerted on the rotating shaft 50 to be constantly pushed downward. The generation of vibration and noise can be suppressed. That is, the magnetic flux directed from the iron core piece 29B constituting the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32 (convex portion) of the stator 20 to the rotor piece 16B constituting the large-diameter rotating portion 18 (convex portion) of the rotor 10 causes the rotor piece 16B. Is attracted to the core piece 29B,
As a result, a force for pulling down the rotor 10 in the downward direction of the shaft 50 is generated. With this force, the rotor 10 can rotate stably.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the principle of torque generation of the reluctance motor of the present invention. In the reluctance motor of the present invention, when viewed in a radial cross section, the magnetic pole surface of the field pole 30 of the stator 20 and the magnetic pole surface of the salient pole 15 of the rotor core 10 rotate while overlapping in the radial direction. You can see that there is. Therefore, the vector component for rotating the rotor core 10 acting between the field pole 30 and the salient pole 15 of the rotor core 10 is more than the conventional one shown in FIG. It grows, as if the rotor 10
Acts as if the diameter of the has increased.

That is, the rotational torque acting on the rotor core 10 is such that when the salient pole 15 is separated from the field pole 27, the magnetic flux directed from the field pole 27 to the salient pole 15 draws the salient pole 15 toward the field pole 27. Act on. In this case, since the diameter of the rotor core 10 is larger than the inner diameter of the magnetic pole surface of the field pole 27, the attracting force does not act on the magnetic pole surfaces of the salient pole and the field pole as in the related art (see FIG. 6). ,
This also works on the end portion of the salient pole 15 (including the periphery of the magnetic pole surface) (see FIG. 5). When the salient pole 15 reaches a position where the salient pole 15 overlaps the field pole 27, the large-diameter rotating portion 18 of the salient pole 15
The force attracted from the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31 of the field pole 27 acts on the small-diameter rotating portion 17 of the salient pole 15.
The force attracted from the small-diameter magnetic pole portion 32 acts.
Since the large-diameter rotating portion 18 of the salient pole 15 has a diameter larger than the arc diameter of the conventional salient pole, a torque larger than that of the conventional one can be obtained.

In the reluctance motor of the present invention, the salient pole 1
Since such a force acts between the magnetic pole 5 and the field pole 27, it is possible to increase the generated torque without increasing the diameter of the stator 20, and to meet the conflicting demands of small size and high torque. become able to.

In the overlapping portion,
As shown in FIG. 4, the center thickness M ′ of the core piece 29 </ b> A (corresponding to the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31) of the iron core piece 29 </ b> A having a large arc diameter that forms the stator 20 and the rotor having a large arc diameter that forms the rotor 10. If the plate thickness center plane M of the piece 16B (corresponding to the large-diameter rotating portion 18) does not completely coincide with each field pole 30, the rotor core 10 is naturally unevenly moved in the vertical direction of the shaft. A force is generated, causing vibration and noise. In other words, the center planes M 'and M between the opposing core piece and the rotor piece are
If they are completely consistent with each other or do not deviate in one direction, the direction of the axial force received by each rotor piece will be different for each rotor piece and each rotation position, so vibration and noise will be reduced. It will be uneven or periodic.

In the present invention, in order to suppress the occurrence of such vibrations and noises, the center plane of the plate thickness of the iron core piece 29A having a small arc diameter forming the stator 20 and the large arc diameter forming the rotor 10 are used. The plate thickness center plane of the rotor piece 16B is deliberately shifted in one direction (downward). That is, the large-diameter magnetic pole portion 31
And the thickness center plane M of the large diameter rotating portion 18 are intentionally shifted so that a downward force acts. Therefore, the force acting on the rotor 10 in the rotation axis direction by the stator 20 acts in one direction that is shifted, so that vibration and noise can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a stator and a rotor core of a reluctance motor of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the radial direction of the reluctance motor of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a completed state of the reluctance motor of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a stator and a rotor of the reluctance motor of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a principle of generating torque of the reluctance motor of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a principle of generating torque of a conventional reluctance motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reluctance motor, 10 ... Rotor core, 15 ... Salient pole, 16A, 16B ... Rotor piece, 20 ... Stator, 25A-25F ... Laminated core piece, 27 ... Field pole, 29A, 29B ... Iron piece 27, 30 ... field poles, 50 ... rotating shafts, 60A, 60B ... bearings.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shunji Oki 2 Nihonsan Motor Co., Ltd., 2 Takaracho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A field pole on which a magnetic pole surface having an uneven shape that is continuous in the axial direction is formed, and the magnetic field is overlapped in a radial direction with a certain gap with respect to the uneven shape of the magnetic pole face of a stator of the field pole. A reluctance motor having a rotor core formed with a magnetic pole surface having a continuous concavo-convex shape. 2. The uneven shape of the magnetic pole surface of the field pole is formed by continuously laminating a large-diameter magnetic pole portion and a small-diameter magnetic pole portion, and the large-diameter magnetic pole portion is formed of a steel plate having a large arc diameter. The reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the small-diameter magnetic pole portion is formed of a steel plate having a small arc diameter. 3. The uneven shape of the pole face of the rotor core is as follows:
The large-diameter rotating portion and the small-diameter rotating portion are formed by being continuously laminated, the large-diameter rotating portion is formed by a steel plate having a large arc diameter, and the small-diameter rotating portion is formed by a steel plate having a small arc diameter. The reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is driven. 4. The reluctance motor according to claim 2, wherein the large-diameter magnetic pole portion and the small-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole are formed by laminating iron core pieces having the same plate thickness. 5. The plate according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the core piece forming the large-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole is greater than the thickness of the iron core piece forming the small-diameter magnetic pole portion of the field pole. The described reluctance motor. 6. The reluctance motor according to claim 3, wherein the large diameter rotating portion and the small diameter rotating portion of the rotor core are formed by laminating rotor pieces having the same thickness. . 7. A plate thickness of a rotor piece forming a large-diameter rotor portion of the rotor core is smaller than a plate thickness of a rotor piece forming a small-diameter rotor portion of the rotor core. The reluctance motor according to claim 3, wherein 8. The rotor core has a thickness center plane of at least a part of a large-diameter rotary part or a small-diameter rotary part constituting the rotor core, the field being opposed to the large-diameter rotary part or the small-diameter rotary part. The reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the reluctance motor is supported by being shifted from a thickness center plane of a large-diameter magnetic pole portion or a small-diameter magnetic pole portion of a magnetic pole in a rotation axis direction of the rotor core.