JPH11271251A - Moisture detecting device and combine having it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To definitely detect the distribution state of moisture content of grains, and to efficiently perform reaping and harvesting work while preventing damage of grains as far as possible on the basis of information of the distribution state of the moisture content. SOLUTION: An operation control means 100 for changing and adjusting the operating state of a plurality of operating parts for reaping work on the basis of measuring information of a moisture detecting device SK performs control on the basis of a moisture content on the high moisture side in the distribution of a moisture measuring value of grains in control of a first operating part of a plurality of operating parts. In control of a second operating part other than the first operating part, the operation control means 100 performs control on the basis of a moisture content on the central value side in the distribution of a moisture measuring value of grains.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture detector for determining the moisture content of a grain, and a combine provided with the moisture detector.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the above-mentioned moisture detecting apparatus, for example, a grain obtained by threshing a harvested culm is taken into a measuring section to measure an electric resistance, and a grain is measured based on a measured value of the electric resistance of the grain. The moisture content of the grains was determined. In the combine equipped with the above-mentioned moisture detecting device, when performing harvesting and harvesting of the culm in the field, the conditions of the vehicle speed control are set so that the upper limit vehicle speed is on the low speed side when the moisture content of the kernel is high. By changing them, problems such as clogging due to sticking of the processed material in the threshing apparatus are avoided, and the threshing load is appropriately maintained (see, for example, JP-A-5-7419).

[0003]

However, the moisture content of the grains that have settled on the culm to be harvested may differ from field to field, for example, at a location near the waterway of the field, the content of the grains may be different. Even in the same field, the moisture content of the grain may vary from place to place, for example, the moisture content increases at locations far from the waterway than at locations near the waterway. Although not described in detail in the above conventional moisture detecting device, when calculating the moisture value of a grain, an average value of a plurality of measured values obtained by sequentially measuring each grain is used. It is considered common. However, in the case where the above average value is used as the moisture value, it is possible to judge the overall tendency with respect to the moisture content value of the kernel in the field to be measured. It is not possible to determine the distribution state of the measured moisture values, such as whether the distribution is largely dispersed over a wide range up to the high moisture side or the variation is small. or,
Even if there is a grain having a relatively high moisture value, if the proportion is small, the average value is not high and may not appear in the moisture measurement value.

On the other hand, in the above-described control structure of the combine, control conditions other than the upper limit vehicle speed are not considered at all with respect to the moisture value of the grain, and the control is carried out in a rotationally driven manner for threshing the cut grain culm. The operating conditions for the operating parts for mowing work, such as the grain transfer device for the trunk and the first collection, and the sorting device for sorting the processed material after threshing, are the same even if the moisture value is different. It had been. Normally, in order to improve the working efficiency of the reaping and harvesting work, the respective working parts for the reaping work have been driven under high-speed conditions as much as possible. Then, when threshing is performed in a harvester such as a combine harvester or transported by a transport device, when the moisture content of the grain is small, there is little possibility that the grain is damaged or broken or damaged. On the other hand, if the grain contains a large amount of water, the grain is likely to be damaged and cracked. Therefore, when the operating state of the mowing operation unit is controlled based on the average value of the moisture content, the moisture content value as an average value even if a grain having a relatively high moisture content is present. Is low, so that the high-moisture grain is not properly treated, and the grain is likely to be damaged. As a result, the harvested grains contain many damaged grains, and in particular, when harvesting seed rice, there is a problem that the germination rate decreases as the content of the damaged grains increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to make it possible to judge the water content as a whole with respect to the water content contained in grains, It is an object of the present invention to provide a moisture detecting device capable of appropriately determining a distribution state of a measured moisture value such as a moisture value. A second object is to provide a combine that minimizes damage to grains and enables efficient harvesting and harvesting, based on the information on the distribution of the measured moisture values. .

[0006]

In order to achieve the first object, according to the first aspect, the measuring unit sequentially measures the water content of the grain, and the calculating unit based on the measured information. Then, a moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain and a moisture value on the median side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain are respectively obtained. Therefore, by the moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain, it is possible to determine the state of the grain having the high moisture value, and on the median side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a moisture detecting apparatus capable of judging the overall tendency of the contained moisture value of the grain based on the moisture value.

According to a second aspect, in the first aspect, the arithmetic unit samples the moisture measurement values of the set number of grains based on the measurement information of the measuring unit, and measures the moisture of the sampled set number. Among the values, the moisture value close to the maximum moisture value is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side, and the average value of the sampled set number of measured moisture values is determined as the moisture value on the median side. Therefore, the moisture value close to the maximum moisture value among the sampled set number of moisture measurement values is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side. If the value is abnormally high, the detection of the moisture content on the high moisture side may be inappropriate. It is possible to appropriately detect the moisture value, and at the same time, it is possible to appropriately determine the moisture value on the median side by a simple operation of averaging the set number of moisture measurement values. Means can be obtained.

In order to achieve the second object,
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the combine provided with the moisture detecting device according to the first or second aspect, an operation for changing and adjusting the operating states of a plurality of operating units for mowing work based on measurement information of the moisture detecting device. The control means executes control based on the moisture value on the high moisture side in controlling the first operating unit of the plurality of operating units, and performs control in the second operating unit other than the first operating unit. The control is executed based on the moisture value on the median side. Therefore, for the first operating unit that may damage the kernel having a high moisture content depending on the operating state, the kernel is determined based on the moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the moisture measurement value of the kernel. The second operating portion, which can be controlled to an operating state that does not cause damage as much as possible and has a low possibility of damaging a grain having a high moisture content, has a median value in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain. Based on the moisture value of the side, it is possible to control the operating state so that the whole is efficiently processed, and as a result, it is possible to perform harvesting and harvesting efficiently while preventing damage to the grain as much as possible Is obtained.

According to a fourth aspect, in the third aspect, as the first operating portion, the engine speed is changed and adjusted based on the moisture value on the high moisture side. So, for example,
When the moisture value on the high moisture side is high, the operating condition of the engine is controlled so as to reduce the number of revolutions of the engine. Thus, damage to the grain can be prevented as much as possible.
Is obtained.

[0010] According to the fifth aspect, in the third aspect, as the first operating portion, the rotation speed of the handle cylinder for threshing is changed and adjusted based on the moisture value on the high moisture side. Therefore,
For example, when the moisture value on the high moisture side is high, by controlling the operating state of the handling cylinder so as to reduce the rotation speed of the handling cylinder for threshing, it is possible to hit the grain handled by the handling cylinder and processed. Can be softened and damage to the grain can be prevented as much as possible.At the same time, when changing the speed of the handling cylinder, for example, changing the rotation speed of the engine that drives the handling cylinder, the various parts of the combine other than the handling cylinder In contrast to the need for a device to change the speed so that the processing speed is not changed,
It is only necessary to provide a transmission device only for the handling cylinder, and it is possible to realize the simplification of the device configuration as a whole of the combine, and the preferable means of claim 3 is obtained.

According to the sixth aspect, in any one of the third to fifth aspects, the sorting state of the sorting processing device for sorting the processed material after the threshing process is the median value side as the second operating portion. It is adjusted and adjusted based on the moisture value of the water. Therefore, for example, as the water value on the median side is higher, the sorting process of the sorting device is controlled such that the processed material after the threshing process is processed at a higher processing speed, thereby performing the sorting process. The apparatus can smoothly and efficiently execute the grain sorting process as a whole in a state corresponding to the water content of the grain while preventing clogging of the grain and the like from occurring in the apparatus. The preferred means of any one of the above is obtained.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the driving transmission according to any one of the third to fifth aspects, the upper limit vehicle speed in the traveling transmission for changing and adjusting the vehicle body traveling speed so as not to exceed the upper limit vehicle speed is provided as the second operating portion. Changes are set. Therefore, for example, by controlling the vehicle speed such as lowering the upper limit vehicle speed as the water value on the median side is higher, so that the cereal stalk having a high water content is not cut off in a large amount as a processed material, The harvesting and harvesting work in the combine can be smoothly executed as a whole in a state corresponding to the water content,
The preferred means according to any one of claims 3 to 5 is obtained.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A moisture detector according to the present invention and a combine provided with the moisture detector will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine includes a traveling body provided with a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 5, a driving seat 6, a threshing device 7, a grain tank 8, and the like, and a reaper 4 at a front portion of the body. ing. Then, threshing and sorting of the harvested grain culm is performed while cutting the planted grain culm along with the aircraft running, and the sorted kernels are stored in the grain tank 8. The stored grains can be discharged to the outside by the discharge auger 9. The cutting unit 4 includes a raising device 1 for raising the planted grain stalks in an upright position, a cutting device 2 for cutting the root of the raised grain stalks, and a conveyance for conveying the cut stalks to the threshing device 7. It is configured to include a device 3 and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing device 7 comprises a threshing feed chain 1 for nipping and transporting the root side of a harvested grain culm.
0, a processing drum 12 for threshing processing that is rotationally driven in the processing room 11 is configured to handle and process the tip side of the harvested grain culm to be conveyed. A sorting device B that sorts the processed product after the threshing process is provided below the handling room 11. This sorting device B
Is a swing sorting plate 14 for swinging and sorting the processed material which has leaked downward through the receiving net 13 to the rear side, a Karamin 15 for blowing off fine straw chips and the like, The first collection screw 18 that collects the grain, which is a product, and the second collection screw 19 that collects the second material such as paddy with branches and feeds it laterally. Fan 17 for discharging floating dust and the like to the outside
It is provided with. A plurality of strip-shaped chaff sheaves 14a that are maintained in parallel with each other are juxtaposed on the swing sorting plate 14, and a leakage opening t (chaff) formed between adjacent ones of the chaff sheaves 14a. The opening degree can be changed and adjusted by a chaff opening degree changing motor 16 (see FIG. 4).

The second product recovered by the second recovery screw 19 is rotated by a swing sorting plate 14 through a second transport screw 21 provided in communication with the transport end of the second recovery screw 19. It is configured to reduce to the top. Therefore, the second reduction device 22 is constituted by the second recovery screw 19 and the second transport screw 21, and the grains recovered by the first recovery screw 18 are in communication with the transport end of the first recovery screw 18. Is transported to the grain tank 8 via a frying screw 20 as a grain transport device provided in the above.

Each of the above-described devices such as the crawler traveling device 5, the reaper 4, the threshing device 7 and the like has a transmission system configured to be driven by an engine E disposed below the driver's seat 6. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the power of the engine E is transmitted from the output shaft 31 to the input shaft 33a of the continuously variable traveling transmission 33 via the belt transmission 32 which also serves as the traveling clutch. Then, the power after the shift is transmitted to the left and right crawler traveling device 5 via the transmission case 34, and the turning power of the output shaft 33b of the traveling transmission 33 is cut via the belt transmission 35 also serving as a cutting clutch. The power is transmitted to the processing drive shaft 36, and the power is transmitted to the mowing unit 4. Therefore, when the vehicle speed changes due to the speed change operation of the traveling transmission 33, the driving speed of each device of the mowing unit 4 changes in synchronization with the vehicle speed. Further, the power of the engine E is transmitted to the threshing apparatus 7 via a belt transmission 37 which also serves as a threshing clutch. The engine E is provided with an engine speed sensor 42 for detecting the output speed.

An accelerator operating device 43 for changing and adjusting the output rotation speed of the engine E by changing the fuel injection amount to the engine E, a Karamin transmission 39 for shifting the power from the engine E to Karamin 15, and Each of the second transmissions 40 for shifting the power to the second reduction device 22 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, this combine has
A moisture detecting device SK for obtaining the moisture content of the grain is provided with the harvesting and harvesting operation. The moisture detecting device SK is a single grain moisture meter 4 as a measuring unit for sequentially measuring the moisture content of the grain.
1 and an arithmetic unit 101 for obtaining a moisture value based on the measurement information of the single-grain moisture meter 41. The single-grain moisture meter 41 is provided at a location where the grains are supplied from the end of the filing screw 20 while scattering into the tank 8 (see FIG. 1). The electric resistance between the electrodes is measured in a state where the electrodes are crushed by being squeezed between a pair of rotating rollers also used as electrodes.

A control device 46 including a microcomputer is provided. The control device 46 receives the measurement information of the single-grain moisture meter 41, and the arithmetic unit 101 uses the control device 46. It is configured.
Then, based on the measurement information of the single-grain moisture meter 41, the calculation unit 101 calculates the moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the kernel and the median side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the kernel. It is configured to determine the moisture value respectively. That is, a set number (for example, 100) of the grain moisture measurement values are sampled, and a moisture value close to the maximum moisture value among the sampled set number measured values is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side. The average value of the sampled set number of measured moisture values is determined as the median moisture value.

More specifically, the arithmetic unit 101
Is obtained by removing 10 data items from the highest moisture value of the 100 grain moisture values, and then measuring the highest moisture value among them, that is, the distribution of 100 moisture values. The measured value at the 90% point in the above is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side, and the average value of the measured moisture values for 100 pieces is determined as the moisture value on the median side.
The data of the 100 measured water values is updated so that the oldest 10 measured values are sequentially discarded every time the measurement of 10 particles is completed, and the updated 100 measured water values are obtained. Since the measured value and the average value at the 90-percentage point are calculated based on the value data, a new moisture value on the high moisture side and a new moisture value on the median side are obtained each time the measurement of 10 grains is completed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the controller 46
The detection information of the engine speed sensor 42 is input, and the accelerator operation device 43,
Each drive signal is output to the Karaino transmission 39, the second transmission 40, and the traveling transmission 33 via an actuator (not shown).
6 is output.

Using the control device 46, an operation control means 100 is provided which changes and adjusts the operation states of a plurality of operating units for mowing work based on the measurement information of the moisture detecting device SK. The operation control unit 100 executes control based on the moisture value on the high moisture side in controlling the first operation unit SD1 of the plurality of operation units, and controls the second operation unit other than the first operation unit SD1. In the control of SD2, the control is executed based on the moisture value on the median side.

Specifically, as the control of the first operating portion SD1, the rotational speed of the engine E is changed and adjusted. That is, when the moisture value on the high moisture side is high, the accelerator operating device 4 is set so that the rotation speed of the engine E is changed to the low revolution side.
3 is controlled to change the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 12 or the rotation speed of the first recovery screw 18 to a low speed side, and there is a possibility that the grain may be damaged and cracked or damaged during threshing or transport. Is to reduce. It should be noted that the Karino transmission 39 and the second transmission 40 are controlled so that the rotational speed of the Karin 15 and the speed of the second reduction device 22 do not change even when the rotational speed of the engine E decreases, and the rotation of the Karin 15 The sorting performance is prevented from being reduced due to the decrease in the number, and the occurrence of clogging of the processed material due to the reduced collection speed of the second product is suppressed.

The control of the rotation speed of the engine E will be described. Basically, as shown in FIG. 5, if the moisture content on the high moisture side is 30 to 34%, the engine rotation speed is increased to the rated rotation speed (2700 rpm). )
If it is less than 30%, adjust to 5% increase (2835 rpm) of the rated speed, and if it is 34 to 36%, decrease it by 5% (2565 rpm).
If it is 36% or more, the rated speed is reduced by 10% (2430 rpm).

As the control of the second operating section SD2, the sorting state of the sorting device B is changed and adjusted. Specifically, the chaff sheave 14a provided on the swing sorting plate 14
Is changed and adjusted by the chaff opening change motor 16 to adjust the leaking state of the grain on the swing sorting plate 14. In other words, the higher the water content on the median side, the smaller the target layer thickness of the processed material existing on the swinging sorting plate 14, and the more quickly the processed material leaks by increasing the leakage opening degree t. To prevent clogging and the like.

Since the engine speed decreases as the load on the engine E increases, the operation control means 100 determines the reference engine speed (operation speed) of the engine E speed detected by the engine speed sensor 42. The magnitude of the engine load is determined based on the amount of decrease from the number of revolutions in the no-load state at the start of the operation, and the traveling transmission 33 is controlled so that the load is maintained in an appropriate range and does not exceed the upper limit vehicle speed.
When the vehicle speed control for operating the vehicle is performed, the second operating portion S
The control of D2 is configured to change and set the upper limit vehicle speed in the traveling transmission 33 that changes and adjusts the vehicle body traveling speed (vehicle speed) so as not to exceed the upper limit vehicle speed. That is, the upper limit vehicle speed is changed and set so as to be lower as the moisture value on the median side is higher, and the increase in the amount of harvested grain culm is suppressed.

Next, the control operation of the control device 46 will be described.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the moisture measurement value measured by the single-grain moisture meter 41 is sampled, and every time the number of samplings n reaches 10, the data from the highest 100 sampling data out of the latest 100 sampling data is counted. The largest value (9
0% value) is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side, and the average value of the latest 100 sampling data is determined as the moisture value on the median side. If the number of samplings n has not reached 100, sampling of the moisture measurement value measured by the single-grain moisture meter 41 is performed (steps 1 to 5).
5). Then, the control of the first operating portion SD1 (control of the engine speed) is executed based on the above-mentioned moisture value data on the high moisture side (step 6), and the second control is performed based on the above-mentioned moisture value data on the median side. Control of the operating unit SD2 (control of the sorting process state and change of the upper limit vehicle speed) is executed (step 7).

[Other Embodiments] (1) In the above embodiment, the first operating portion SD1 is controlled to change and adjust the rotation speed of the engine E. However, the rotation speed of the engine E is changed and adjusted. Instead of this, as shown in FIG. 7, a power transmission system for transmitting the power of the engine E to the power cylinder 12 is provided with a power cylinder transmission 47, and based on the moisture value information on the high moisture side, The transmission 47 may be operated to change and adjust the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 12. In this case, the above-described Karino transmission 39 and the second transmission 40 are not required, and the control of the second operating portion SD2 includes the adjustment of the change of the chaff opening t and the upper limit in the vehicle speed control. The setting for changing the vehicle speed is performed.

(2) In the above embodiment, as an example of the moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the grain, a case where a 90% value of the set number of moisture measured values is used has been described. Any value may be used as long as the value is on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture values of the grains, and may be, for example, an intermediate value between the maximum value and the 90% value in the distribution of the measured moisture values.
Further, in the above embodiment, as an example of the moisture value on the median side in the distribution of the moisture measurement value of the grain, the case where the average value of the set number of moisture measurement values is used is exemplified.
For example, check the frequency of each moisture value divided at set intervals,
You may make it use the moisture measurement value of the position which becomes the maximum frequency.

(3) In the above embodiment, the measuring unit for sequentially measuring the water content of the grain is constituted by the single grain moisture meter 41 for measuring the moisture of each grain, but the present invention is not limited to such a structure. A non-destructive high-frequency moisture meter capable of continuous measurement or other measuring means may be used.

(4) In the above embodiment, the measuring unit (single-grain moisture meter 41) for sequentially measuring the water content is the screw 2
The grain is provided at a point where the grain is supplied while being scattered into the grain tank 8 from the terminal end of 0. However, the grain is not limited to such a point. Is also good.

(5) The control of the first operating unit SD1 and the control of the second operating unit SD2 are performed by changing and adjusting the operating state of the operating unit for mowing work other than the operating unit shown in the above embodiment. You may.

(6) In the above embodiment, the moisture detector S
Although K is provided in the combine, a work device other than the combine (for example, a fixed installation type threshing device or the like) may be provided to change and adjust the control condition of the work device based on the moisture value information. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a threshing apparatus.

FIG. 3 Transmission system diagram

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing conditions of engine speed control;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a control operation.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Handling cylinder as first operating part 33 Travel transmission as second operating part 41 Measuring part 100 Operation control means 101 Calculation part B Sorting processing device as second operating part E Engine SD1 as first operating part SD1 First Working part SD2 Second working part

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Kono 64 Ishizu-Kitacho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside Kubota Sakai Works (72) Inventor Koji 64 Ishizu-Kitacho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Co., Ltd. Inside the manufacturing plant (72) Inventor Kakuji Kawaguchi 1-8-1 Minamimagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Kett Science Laboratory Co., Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A measuring unit for sequentially measuring the water content of a grain, and a calculating unit for obtaining a moisture value based on the measurement information of the measuring unit, wherein the calculating unit includes: A moisture detection device configured to obtain a moisture value on the high moisture side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the kernel and a moisture value on the median side in the distribution of the measured moisture value of the kernel based on the basis. 2. The arithmetic unit, based on the measurement information of the measuring unit, samples the moisture measurement values of a set number of grains, and sets a maximum moisture value among the sampled set number of moisture measurement values. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a near moisture value is determined as the moisture value on the high moisture side, and an average value of the sampled set number of moisture measurement values is determined as the moisture value on the median side. Moisture detector. 3. A combine comprising the moisture detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an operation state of a plurality of operating units for mowing is changed and adjusted based on measurement information of the moisture detecting device. Control means is provided, wherein the operation control means executes control based on the moisture value on the high moisture side in controlling the first operating part of the plurality of operating parts, and controls the first operating part other than the first operating part. (2) A combine configured to execute control based on the moisture value on the median side in the control of the operating unit. 4. The combine according to claim 3, wherein the operation control means is configured to change and adjust an engine speed as the first operation section. 5. The combine according to claim 3, wherein the operation control means is configured to change and adjust a rotation speed of a handling cylinder for threshing as the first operation portion. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the operation control means is configured to change and adjust a sorting state of a sorting processing device that sorts the processed product after the threshing process as the second operating portion. A combine according to any one of the preceding claims. 7. The operation control means is configured to change and set the upper limit vehicle speed in a traveling transmission that changes and adjusts the vehicle body traveling speed so as not to exceed the upper limit vehicle speed as the second operating portion. The combine according to any one of claims 3 to 5.