JPH11269920A - Cooling device for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the cooling efficiency of an engine for driving a construction machine and that of a cooling machine, etc., relating to a cooling device for the construction machine, by placing the engine in a longitudinal position, and arranging an oil cooler which is separated from the engine and a radiator approximately horizontally in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the construction machine. SOLUTION: An operator room 15 is placed on one side 1a of the longitudinal front end of the upper structure 2 of a construction machine, and an engine 8 is placed longitudinally on the other side 1b opposite to the one side 1a. A first cooling fan 52 for cooling the engine 8 is placed. An oil cooler 50 and a radiator 40 which are placed on the center side of the construction machine independently of the engine 8 are arranged approximately horizontally in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the construction machine, and a second cooling fan 53 is placed in such a way as to vertically overlap the oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling device for construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, crawler loaders, agricultural machines, etc. (hereinafter simply referred to as construction machines).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, and track type loaders excavate rocks and destroy buildings and buildings in mountainous dams, tunnels, rivers, and roads. In the severe ambient conditions where the atmospheric temperature is very high under the scorching sun and the scaffolding and ground surface of the work site are poor, so that the construction machine does not overload at the output of the maximum capacity limit, In addition, continuous operation is often required.

The structure of the construction machine will be described, for example, with respect to a hydraulic excavator.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the upper swing body 2 supports the upper swing body 2 so as to be swingable, and is provided on the lower traveling body 4 and the upper swing body 2 provided below the upper swing body 2. It is composed of three parts of a working device 6 for performing work. And
The upper swing body 2 includes an engine 8, a hydraulic device (not shown), a swing device 12, an operator room 15, and the like.
The lower traveling body 4 includes a car body 16, a track roller frame 18, a traveling device 20, and other suspension devices (not shown). The working device 6 further includes a boom 24 for supporting a bucket 22, an arm 25, and an actuation thereof. It is composed of various hydraulic cylinders, link rods, etc.

[0004] Then, although not shown, the above working device 6,
A hydraulic device for operating actuators such as the traveling device 20 and the turning device 12 is provided. Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the upper swing body 2 of the conventional hydraulic shovel is used.
Includes an engine 8 as a prime mover, a hydraulic pump 26 driven by the engine 8, and the actuator driven by pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 26, for example, a boom cylinder 24a for rotating the boom 24. , A control valve 70 for controlling the flow of pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 26 to an actuator such as the boom cylinder 24a, and hydraulic piping 73, 74 for connecting the control valve 70 to the boom cylinder 24a.
And hydraulic valves 73a and 74a for connecting other actuators (not shown), a fuel tank 31 for supplying fuel to the engine 8, and a hydraulic pump 2
A hydraulic oil tank 30 for accumulating hydraulic oil supplied to 6;
A hydraulic pipe 76 for connecting the hydraulic oil tank 30 and the hydraulic pump 26, and the hydraulic pump 26 and the control valve 7
0, and a hydraulic pipe 75 connecting the control valve 70 and the oil cooler 50.
And a hydraulic pipe 77 connecting the oil cooler 50 and the hydraulic oil tank 30, and also has a storage box 33 and an operator room 15.

[0005] The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 26 driven by the engine 8 and appropriately determined according to design specifications, for example, pressurized to about 140 to 300 kg / cm ² , is supplied to the control valve 70. The oil is controlled and transmitted to the above-described devices to perform various operations to produce low-pressure oil. The oil returns to the hydraulic oil tank 30 via the control valve 70 again, and is circulated again by the hydraulic pump 26.

[0006] As shown in FIG. 5, a turbocharger 102 provided above the engine 8 is provided with an air pipe 10.
4, and is connected to the intake manifold of the engine 8 from the intercooler IC via the air pipe 106. The construction machine is controlled so that the hydraulic pump 26 can output the maximum capacity in accordance with the operation of the operator during operation, and the construction machine operates continuously throughout the day in a limit area where the overload does not occur. Often.

Therefore, while the circulation of the hydraulic oil is discharged from the hydraulic pump 26 and returns to the oil cooler 50 side, the heat generation due to the pressure loss in the hydraulic circuit occurs.
Due to heat generated when the pressure oil is released from the relief valve, heat generated due to sliding friction of each actuator, and the like, the temperature of the hydraulic oil keeps increasing gradually. As a result, if the operation of the construction machine is continued as it is, the temperature of the hydraulic oil eventually rises to the maximum usable temperature of the hydraulic oil of the construction machine.

The maximum usable temperature of the hydraulic oil differs depending on the size and design specifications of the construction machine, the type of the hydraulic oil used, and the like. If the temperature is higher than that, there is a possibility that deterioration of a seal or the like (not shown) or deterioration of lubricating oil performance may cause seizure of a rotating part. Therefore, the hydraulic oil returned after performing the operation as described above is disposed so as to be superimposed on the front surface of the cooling water radiator (hereinafter referred to as a radiator) 40 of the engine as shown in FIG. The oil is cooled by an oil cooler for hydraulic oil (hereinafter, referred to as an oil cooler) 50, returned to the hydraulic oil tank 30, and circulated through the above path again.

The above-mentioned engine is disposed horizontally with respect to the front-rear direction of the upper revolving unit 2, and the cooling device of this excavator is provided with a cooling device mounted in front of the engine 8 as shown in FIG. An intercooler IC for a supercharger of the engine 8, an oil cooler 50, and a radiator 40 are arranged in series in front of the fan 52, but the intercooler IC is usually arranged at the most windward side of the cooling air. Have been.

By the way, in the case of the above-mentioned hydraulic excavator,
As the output of the engine 8 increases, the size of the heat exchanger such as the radiator 40 also increases, and the power consumption of the cooling fan 52 required for cooling the heat exchanger also increases. And
As shown in FIG. 5, the intercooler IC and the oil cooler 5
0 and the radiator 40 are arranged in series,
Since the flow resistance of the cooling air increases, the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan 52 required for cooling further increases.

[0011] Further, another conventional example of actual open flat 4─134
In the technology described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 565, although not shown, the engine is disposed horizontally in an engine room of an upper revolving structure, an oil cooler and a radiator are separately arranged, and the oil cooler is cooled by an oil cooler cooling fan. The radiator is cooled by an engine fan provided in the engine, so that clogging of the radiator can be easily cleaned.

Another conventional example is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
In the technology described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 72, although not shown, the engine is disposed horizontally in an engine room of an upper revolving structure, and an oil cooler that cools hydraulic oil by a fan driven by the engine and cools engine cooling water. A cooling device for a hydraulic shovel having a radiator and an intercooler for cooling air supplied by a turbocharger, wherein the oil cooler and the radiator are disposed in front of a cooling fan of the engine in an engine room for storing the engine. And the intercooler is separately disposed outside the engine room.By eliminating the intercooler disposed in the engine room, the oil cooler and the radiator core front surface are disposed. The heat radiation area is smaller than before, making it easier to manufacture heat exchangers and reducing costs. It is.

[0013]

However, in the conventional cooling device as shown in FIG.
C is located on the windward side, so the intercooler IC
The temperature of the cooling air flowing through the radiator 40,
The cooling capacity of another heat exchanger such as the oil cooler 50 decreases.

Therefore, it is necessary to use a heat exchanger having a large cooling capacity. However, the size of the heat exchanger is limited by the oil cooler 50 and the radiator
The core area of 0 cannot be inadvertently increased, and there is naturally a manufacturing limit. Also, if a large heat exchanger is used, the core may be cracked due to the vibration of the airframe.

Therefore, especially when manufacturing a large-sized hydraulic excavator, it is necessary to prevent the temperature of the cooling water or the working oil of the engine from being overheated and to reduce the size of the heat exchanger. Particularly, in the case of a large hydraulic excavator, the upper revolving superstructure 2 becomes large in order to mount a large engine and the like, and the engine 8 is placed on the upper revolving superstructure 2 horizontally or vertically, and an intercooler IC is provided in front of the engine 8. , The oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40 are arranged in series, so that as shown in FIG. 5, if the width w of the upper revolving unit 2 becomes large and exceeds the lateral width limit at the time of transporting the vehicle body, it cannot be transported out of the trailer bed. When the engine 8 is placed vertically with respect to the front-rear direction of the upper revolving unit 2, there is a fear that the length of the front-rear direction becomes longer. Limited range.

The prior art disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-125972 discloses the radiator and oil provided on the front side of a cooling fan directly connected to the front of an engine provided in the engine room. Since the high-temperature cooling air that has cooled the cooler further cools the engine and the hydraulic pump and is discharged outside the machine, the cooling efficiency for the engine and the hydraulic pump is reduced, and the inside of the hydraulic pump is reduced. There is a possibility that cooling of the hydraulic oil may not be performed efficiently.

Since the cooling air that has cooled the radiator and the oil cooler is a considerably high-temperature fluid, in order to efficiently cool the engine and the hydraulic pump, the engine and the hydraulic pump must be combined with the engine room. The clearance between the engine room and the inner wall must be larger than a predetermined value, the flow resistance of the cooling air must be reduced as much as possible, and the storage volume of the engine room must be increased in order to enable smooth flow. However, the above-mentioned restrictions on transportation of the hydraulic excavator and the rotation radius of the rear end of the upper swing body 2 are increased, so that the action range is restricted.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems. An operator room is provided at one side of a front end in the front-rear direction of an upper rotating body of a construction machine, and an operator room is provided on the opposite side of the one side. The engine is disposed vertically on the other side, and the intercooler of the engine, the oil cooler for hydraulic oil, and the radiator for the cooling water of the engine are arranged substantially horizontally in the vertical direction separately from the engine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling device for a construction machine which is disposed so as to be superposed and improves the cooling effect of the engine, the intercooler, the oil cooler, and the radiator.

[0019]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling apparatus for a construction machine according to the present invention, wherein high-pressure hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump driven by an engine mounted on the construction machine is supplied to the construction machine. And a radiator for cooling the cooling water of the engine. An operator room is provided on one side of the front end in the front-rear direction of the construction machine, and the engine connected to the hydraulic pump is provided vertically on the other side opposite to the one side, and the engine is cooled. A first cooling fan and a driving means for driving the first cooling fan are provided. A central portion between the one side portion and the other side portion is provided at a rear portion of the construction machine and separated from the engine in front of a counterweight. The oil cooler and the radiator separately provided are provided substantially horizontally and in parallel along the front-rear direction of the construction machine, and a second cooling fan and a second cooling fan for cooling the oil cooler and the radiator are provided. A driving means for driving is provided, and a hydraulic oil tank for the hydraulic oil and a fuel tank for the engine are provided between the rear portion of the operator room and the counter weight.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the first aspect, wherein the cooling air of the oil cooler and the radiator is forwardly, rearward, and downwardly directed to the body of the construction machine. And a discharge port provided above the oil cooler and the radiator disposed substantially horizontally and in parallel along the front-rear direction of the construction machine. It is characterized by being constituted to be discharged from.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein an operator room is provided on one side of a front end of the construction machine in a front-rear direction.
An engine room for vertically storing the engine connected to the hydraulic pump is disposed on the other side opposite to the one side. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the intake of the cooling air provided in the rearward direction is the counterweight of the construction machine. It is characterized by being provided so as to penetrate substantially in the front-back direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the first or fourth aspect, wherein the first cooling fan of the engine and the second cooling fan of the oil cooler and the radiator are driven. Are driven by a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, or the engine, respectively. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the hydraulic motor connected to the first cooling fan is driven by a hydraulic pump from a hydraulic pump. An ambient temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature in the engine or the engine room by providing a control unit for controlling a rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor in an electric circuit for driving the electric motor connected to the cooling fan; And has at least one temperature sensor of the high temperature part temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the part where the temperature in the engine room rises, connecting the temperature sensor and the control means via a controller, The number of rotations of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor is controlled by a command signal from the controller corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. It is characterized in that the the to.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the hydraulic motor connected to the second cooling fan is driven by a hydraulic pump. A control circuit for controlling the number of rotations of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor is provided in a hydraulic circuit driven by operating hydraulic pressure or in an electric circuit for driving an electric motor connected to the second cooling fan; A hydraulic oil temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hydraulic oil, a cooling water temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the cooling water of the radiator, and a cooling air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the cooling air after passing through the oil cooler or the radiator. Having at least one of the temperature sensors, connecting the temperature sensor and the control means via a controller, and detecting the temperature sensor. It is characterized in that so as to control the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor or electric motor of the second cooling fan by a command signal from the controller corresponding to degrees.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to seventh aspects.
A lower opening provided in at least one of a forward direction, a rearward direction, and a downward direction of a body of the construction machine; and a lower opening provided above the oil cooler and the radiator arranged substantially horizontally and in parallel. The upper opening provided is provided, and the cooling air is taken in from one of the upper opening and the lower opening and discharged to the other opening.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to eighth aspects.
The cooling fan has a function of at least one of suction and discharge. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the portion opposing the cooling air flow flowing in by the cooling fan of the oil cooler or the radiator or It is characterized in that a facing surface of a guide member provided separately from the portion has a guide surface for guiding the cooling air flow to the discharge port.

According to a eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction machine cooling device according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the engine supercharger is provided on the engine side or the oil cooler or the radiator side. The intercooler is disposed so as to be superposed. Claim 12
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the cooling device for a construction machine according to the third aspect, an exhaust outlet end of an exhaust pipe of an engine disposed in the engine room and at least a gap are provided between the exhaust outlet end. An ejector projecting longer than the exhaust outlet end and comprising a suction pipe provided in a partition wall constituting an engine room, and using the exhaust pressure of the engine to suck heated air in the engine room and discharge the heated air to the outside. It is characterized by having been constituted so that.

[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A case where a cooling device for a construction machine according to the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. Parts that are substantially the same as those of the above-described conventional hydraulic excavator shown in FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a state similar to FIG. 5, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a cross section along line -2A, and FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a modification of the above-described embodiment and showing a view A in FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an operator's room 15 is provided on one side 1 a of the construction machine in the front and rear direction in the front-rear direction, and a hydraulic pump 26 is provided on the other side 1 b opposite to the one side 1 a. An engine room ER is provided for vertically storing the engine 8 to which is connected.

The engine room ER may be a simple partition wall that separates the engine 8 from various other hydraulic devices and the like, and an enclosure provided so as to surround the engine 8 for blocking noise of the engine 8. Or a firewall that separates the hydraulic pump 26 from the engine 8 and surrounds the periphery of the engine 8.

The above-mentioned enclosure surrounds, for example, the periphery of the engine 8 or the engine 8 and the oil pump 26, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a front partition Wa, a side partition Wb, a rear partition Wc, and a bottom partition. It is configured to be at least substantially surrounded by a partition W such as a partition Wd and an upper partition We. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the engine room ER is provided is shown. However, the partition wall, the partition, the firewall, and the like may not be provided, and the so-called engine room ER may not necessarily be provided. Although the above-mentioned partition walls, partition walls, firewalls and the like are provided, the present embodiment will be described with respect to a case where an engine room ER is provided.

Also, as shown in FIG. 1, a first cooling fan 52 and a first cooling fan 52 provided at the front side of the engine 8 for cooling the engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26, the engine room ER, and the like.
A hydraulic motor 52a, which is driving means 51 for driving the cooling fan 52, is provided. Further, a turbocharger, which is a supercharger 102, is disposed above the engine 8 as shown in FIG.
The turbocharger 102 is connected to the air through the air outlet 27.
a and is connected to an intercooler IC through an air pipe 104.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic motor 52a for driving the first cooling fan 52 is connected to the hydraulic pump 26 driven by the engine 8 via a hydraulic line 26a. The first cooling fan 52 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 52a. In this embodiment, in order to cool the engine 8 as shown in FIGS.
A front side of the engine 8 is provided with a first cooling fan 52 provided as necessary, and a hydraulic motor 52a as driving means 51 for driving the first cooling fan 52 is provided. 2 The driving means 51, 501 of the cooling fans 52, 53
It may be operated via a transmission mechanism using a pulley.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a central portion 1c between one side portion 1a and the other side portion 1b, and a front portion of a counterweight 27 provided at the rear portion of the excavator. , The oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40 are disposed substantially in parallel along the front-rear direction of the upper-part turning body 2 in a substantially horizontal manner, and two second cooling fans 5 for cooling the respective components are provided.
3 and a hydraulic motor 52a, which is driving means 501 for driving each second cooling fan 53, are provided.

If the setting can be made according to the design specifications of a small machine or the like, for example, one second cooling fan 53 and its driving means 501 are arranged between the oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40, If both of the above are used for cooling, the cooling effect is reduced, but the cost can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling air of the second cooling fan 53 is supplied to the hydraulic excavator in the forward direction 46a and the downward direction 46a.
c, a lower opening in at least one of the rearward directions 46b, for example, a cooling air inlet 46T provided in the rearward direction 46b. After cooling, the radiator 40 is discharged from a discharge port 47 (upper opening) provided in an upper direction 47a of the radiator 40 in a substantially upward direction of the upper revolving unit 2, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency.

Then, the intake 46 in the rearward direction 46b is provided.
Is formed by a cooling air circulation hole 46T provided in the counter weight 27 facing the second cooling fan 53 so as to penetrate in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body 2 as shown in FIGS. . 1, the intercooler IC, the oil cooler 50, the radiator 4
If the duct D is provided in the cooling air inlet 46 along the front-rear direction of the upper swing body 2, the cooling air inflow effect is increased and noise can be suppressed.

In this embodiment, the duct D cooperates with the side wall of the engine room ER. However, the duct D may be provided separately and independently along the flow of the cooling air. 1 and 2, the control valve 70 is connected to the radiator 4 of the central portion 1c.
0, and in this case, the opposite surface 70a of the control valve 70 facing the cooling air from the intake 46 in the rearward direction 46b discharges the cooling air to the outlet 47.
If the cooling air is formed into a curved surface, the cooling can be more effectively performed. However, the cooling air is not limited to this, and the cooling air may be guided in the direction of the outlet 47. Alternatively, a guide member separately provided along the above-described facing surface 70a (not shown) may be used.

In the above embodiment, the cooling air flows from the inlet (lower opening) 46 of the upper swing body 2 to the outlet (upper opening) 47, but the cooling air flows in the opposite direction to the above. In other words, it may be configured to flow from the upper opening (discharge port) 47 to the intake lower opening (inlet port) 46. The driving means 501 of the second cooling fan 53 is provided with the engine 8 in the same manner as the driving means 51 of the first cooling fan 52 as shown in FIG.
The hydraulic motor 52a is connected to the hydraulic pump 26, which is connected to the hydraulic pump 26 via a hydraulic line 26a, and the second cooling motor 52a is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 52a. A fan 53 is mounted.

A hydraulic circuit OP including a hydraulic pipe 26a and the like
A control means S1 for controlling the number of rotations of the hydraulic motor 52a controlled by the controller CR is provided therein, and the control means S1 includes the engine 8 or the engine room ER.
And at least one of an ambient temperature sensor T1 for detecting an ambient temperature in the engine and a high temperature part temperature sensor Ti provided at a site where the temperature is locally increased in the engine room ER. Is input to the controller CR to operate the control means S1, and the hydraulic motor 52a of the first cooling fan 52 is operated in response to the temperature detection signal. , The engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26, the portion of the high-temperature portion, etc., can be cooled accurately and efficiently while suppressing noise.

If the hydraulic motor 52a is a constant displacement hydraulic motor, the control means S1 may be constituted by a flow control valve in the hydraulic circuit OP, or may be an axial displacement motor of a variable displacement type, though not shown. In the case of a piston type swash plate type hydraulic motor, the swash plate is constituted by a variable displacement mechanism for controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor by changing the angle of the swash plate.

Further, as shown in FIG.
The second drive means 51 may be configured such that the first cooling fan 52 is mounted on the output shaft of an electric motor 52d operated by power supply from a power supply SK driven by the engine 8, instead of the hydraulic motor 52a. Good. In the case of the above-mentioned electric motor 52d, for example, as shown in FIG.
2, and is configured to control the amount of current to the electric motor 52d. As in the case of the hydraulic motor 52a,
It has at least one of the above temperature sensors T1 and Ti, and can control the rotation speed of the electric motor 52d of the first cooling fan 52 according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Therefore, the hydraulic motor 5
The same operation as in the case of 2a can be achieved.

The temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor T1 in the engine 8 or the engine room ER depends on the temperature in the engine room ER, the engine 8, and the hydraulic pump 26.
And a plurality of high temperature portion temperature sensors Ti are provided in the engine exhaust system, near the turbocharger, at the portion where the cooling air stays, and the like where the temperature locally rises in the engine room ER. Then, the effective engine room ER, the engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26 and the like can be effectively cooled.

The driving means 501 of the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40 or the optional second cooling fan 53 for cooling the intercooler IC provided as required is the same as that for controlling the rotation speed of the first cooling fan 52. In addition, a hydraulic oil temperature sensor T for detecting the hydraulic oil temperature of the oil cooler 50
3, a cooling water temperature sensor T4 for detecting the temperature of the cooling water of the radiator 40, a cooling air temperature sensor T5, T6 for detecting the temperature of the cooling air after passing through the oil cooler 50 or the radiator 40, or an excess of the intercooler IC. It has at least one temperature sensor such as a supercharged air temperature sensor T2 for detecting a supply air temperature, and inputs a temperature detection signal detected by the temperature sensor to the controller CR, and the respective hydraulic circuit OP or electric circuit By operating the control means S1 or the control circuit S2 provided in the circuit EP and operating the hydraulic motor 52a or the electric motor 52d,
By controlling the rotation speed of the second cooling fan 53, the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40, the intercooler IC and the like can be cooled accurately and efficiently.

In this embodiment, the intercooler IC, the radiator 40, the oil cooler 50, the first and second cooling fans 52 and 53, the driving means 51 and 501 for each of the cooling fans, the hydraulic pump 26, the hydraulic motor 52a ,
The electric motor 52d, the power supply SK, and the like are referred to as a cooling device.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the turbocharger 102 is applied to the supercharger has been described. However, even when the supercharger is applied, the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

The above intercooler IC is an engine 8
Although it can be provided on the side or the radiator 40 or the oil cooler 50 side, in the case of the present embodiment, it is disposed so as to overlap the oil cooler 50 in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, when the engine room ER and the first cooling fan 52 are provided, when the engine 8 is operated as shown in FIG. Cooling air is supplied into the room ER from the intake port 406 as shown by an arrow X, cools the engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26, and the like, and discharges 407 provided on the rear side wall of the engine room ER.
b or an exhaust port 407a provided on the upper surface of the engine hood EF of the engine 8.

At this time, the cooling air from the first cooling fan 52 does not cool the oil cooler, the radiator, or any other heat exchanger as described above, and is a cooling air dedicated to the engine 8. Since the engine 8 and the hydraulic pump 26 are cooled with low-temperature cooling air, the amount of the cooling air may be smaller than in the conventional case, and the first cooling fan 52 can be reduced in size. 1 cooling fan 5
If 2 is of a conventional size, the cooling effect can be obtained at a low rotation speed, so that noise can be suppressed.

Further, the engine room ER is designed to provide soundproofing of the engine 8, for example, an enclosure surrounding the entire circumference of the engine 8 (for example, six surfaces of the engine 8) or a firewall, as much as possible. Even when a part of the engine room ER is surrounded, cooling in the engine room ER can be effectively performed. Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40, and the second cooling fan 53 are disposed outside the engine room ER (or separately from the engine 8). The oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40 are arranged substantially horizontally and in parallel in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body 2 in front of the counterweight 27 in the central portion 1c, and the second cooling fan 53 is arranged in parallel with the above. Oil cooler 5 installed
0, and two units are provided so as to overlap below each of the radiators 40 (an intercooler IC provided as necessary is provided so as to overlap below the oil cooler 50 or the radiator 40). As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling air of the oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40 is taken in because the cooling air of the outside air is directly taken in from the inlet 46 in the rearward direction 46b of the upper revolving unit 2 and discharged from the outlet 47 in the upward direction 47a. Performance can be improved.

Further, the cooling air flows in the front direction 46 of the construction machine.
In the case of inflow from a, the portion facing the cooling air, that is, the facing surface 27f of the counterweight 27 may be formed as a curved surface guided to the outlet 47 in the upward direction 47a. Further, the oil cooler 50 (not shown)
A portion of the radiator 40 that faces the cooling airflow that flows in by the second cooling fan 53 or a facing surface of a guide member provided separately from the portion serves as a guide surface that guides the cooling airflow to the outlet 47. With such a configuration, the flow resistance of the cooling air in the flow passage is reduced, and the cooling effect can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling air taken in from the intake 46 in the downward direction 46c of the upper revolving unit 2 is exhausted from the exhaust port 47 in the upward direction 47a. , The cooling performance of the radiator 40 can be improved. Further, the first cooling fan 52 is provided in the controller CR as required in the engine room ER, and is provided with at least one or more of the ambient temperature sensor T1 and the high temperature section temperature sensor Ti or the supercharged air temperature sensor T2. At least one of the temperature sensors, and a temperature detection signal of the temperature sensor is controlled by control means S
1 to operate the hydraulic motor 52a of the first cooling fan 52 in response to the temperature detection signal, so that the engine room ER, the engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26, the intercooler IC and the like can be accurately and efficiently used. Moreover, cooling can be performed while suppressing noise.

The driving means 501 of the oil cooler 50 or the radiator 40 or the second cooling fan 53 for cooling the intercooler IC includes a hydraulic oil temperature sensor T3 for detecting the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil of the oil cooler 50, and a radiator. 4
0, a cooling water temperature sensor T5 for detecting the temperature of the cooling air after passing through the oil cooler 50 or the radiator 40;
Alternatively, it has at least one of the supercharged air temperature sensors T2 for detecting the temperature of the supercharged air of the intercooler IC, and outputs an output signal corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor via the controller CR. Control means S1
And the hydraulic motor 52a is operated, and the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40,
Alternatively, it is possible to cool the intercooler IC or the like accurately and efficiently, and to effectively cool the noise while suppressing noise.

In place of the hydraulic motor 51a, an electric motor 52 for driving the first and second cooling fans is used.
In the case of d, for example, as shown in FIG.
Control means S2 for controlling current and electric resistance provided in
Similarly to the case of the hydraulic motor 52a, each of the temperature sensors T1 and Ti and each of the temperature sensors T2 to T6 are used.
An output signal is input to the control means S2 via the control CR in accordance with the temperature detected by at least one of the temperature sensors to control the number of revolutions of the electric motor 52d. The electric motor 52d that drives the fans 52 and 53 can achieve the same operation and effect as the case of the hydraulic motor 52a.

The driving means 51 for the first cooling fan 52 and the driving means 501 for the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40, or the second cooling fan 53 for cooling the intercooler IC are provided with the hydraulic motor 52a and the electric motor 52d. Is applied, the horsepower consumed by the cooling fan 53 increases, but the oil cooler 50, the radiator 40, and the like can be cooled accurately and efficiently while suppressing noise.

Also, as shown in FIG.
And the hydraulic pump 26 are close to each other, the suction resistance of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump 26 is reduced, and the pump performance can be improved. Further, the engine 8 or the engine room ER or the oil cooler 50 and the radiator 40 which are separately provided.
A condenser for a relatively low temperature air conditioner is disposed on the side of the first or second cooling fan 5 together with the above-mentioned various coolers.
Even when the cooling is performed in steps 2 and 53, substantially the same operation and effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.

Further, an intercooler IC, an oil cooler 5
0, by separating the radiator 40 outside the engine room ER and disposing the radiator 40 in parallel along the front-rear direction of the upper revolving superstructure 2 or by placing the radiator 40 almost horizontally separately so as to partially overlap in the vertical direction. Since the length of the upper swing body 2 in the front-rear direction can be reduced as compared with the related art, the radius of rotation of the hydraulic shovel is reduced, and workability can be improved.

Further, the first cooling fan 52, shown in FIG.
The installation position of the driving means 51 is maintained at the current position, and the vertically mounted engine 8 and the hydraulic pump 26 are moved in the direction opposite to the position shown in FIG. Even if it arrange | positions so that it may turn back, the substantially same effect as the said embodiment can be exhibited. Further, in the above embodiment, the cooling fan is described using the suction type, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cooling fan may have at least one of a suction type and a discharge type. In other words, a cooling fan for both suction and discharge, or two cooling fans of a suction fan and a discharge fan may be provided.

The cooling fan can be set arbitrarily in accordance with the design specifications. If the cooling fan has both functions of suction and discharge, the cooling fan can be appropriately moved in the suction direction or the discharge direction. Rotate them alternately to make the above intercooler IC and oil cooler 5
0. The cooling efficiency can be improved by automatically cleaning the clogging of the core of the radiator 40 and the dirt of the cooling flow passage.

Although the air-cooled intercooler IC is used as the intercooler IC in the above embodiment, a water-cooled intercooler IC can be applied. In this case, if a radiator IC for a water-cooled intercooler is provided instead of the air-cooled intercooler IC, The same operation and effect as those described above can be obtained. That is, cooling water is cooled by a radiator IC for a water-cooled intercooler connected to a water pump (not shown) of the engine 8, and the cooling water is caused to flow through an intercooler core (not shown) to cool the supercharged air from the turbocharger 102. To the intake manifold,
The performance such as the output of the engine 8 can be improved.

Further, in addition to the above, in the exhaust system of the engine 8 as shown in FIG.
A muffler M is disposed in the engine room ER by using the engine exhaust pressure discharged to the outside in a part of the upper partition wall We of the engine room ER in which the outlet of the muffler M is disposed.
If an ejector EJ composed of an outer pipe and an inner pipe for sucking heated air inside and discharging it to the outside is provided, the engine room ER,
The engine 8, the hydraulic pump 26, and the like can be more effectively cooled to improve the cooling efficiency.

The ejector EJ includes an exhaust outlet end M1 of an exhaust pipe 8a extending from the muffler M as an inner pipe protruding from the muffler M, and an exhaust outlet end M1.
Pipe M2 as an outer pipe protruding from the engine room ER longer than the exhaust outlet end M1 with a space around
And a suction gap M3 formed between the exhaust outlet end M1 and the suction pipe M2 to suck air in the engine room ER.

If necessary, a large number of slit-shaped intake ports R1 are provided in the bottom partition wall Wd of the engine room ER located on the opposite side of the ejector EJ via the air passage EY in the engine room. By promoting ventilation in the ER, the cooling efficiency can be improved. The intake ports R1 each include a looper R as a noise suppression unit NS that suppresses leakage of engine noise to the outside of the engine room ER, and these loopers R are formed by being cut and raised from the respective air ports R1. ing.

Further, although not shown, the noise suppression means NS has a noise reduction effect at the intake port R1 formed in, for example, a box shape, and the engine noise and the intake noise leaking from the intake port R1 to the outside of the engine room ER. May be suppressed. Therefore, a negative pressure is generated around the engine exhaust flow ejected from the exhaust outlet end M1 of the exhaust pipe 8a provided in the engine 8, and the suction gap M3 is also negative. The air in the room ER can be sucked together with the heat and forcibly discharged to the outside.

In the case where the ejector EJ is provided, when the ejector EJ alone can sufficiently cool, the first cooling fan 52 can be omitted, and the cost can be reduced.

[0062]

As described above in detail, according to the cooling apparatus for a construction machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump driven by the engine mounted on the construction machine is used. A cooling device for a construction machine, comprising: an oil cooler that cools the high-temperature working oil that is transmitted to a traveling device, a working device, and the like of the construction machine and returns, and a radiator that cools cooling water of the engine. An operator room is provided on one side of the front end in the front-rear direction of the construction machine, and the engine connected to the hydraulic pump is provided vertically on the other side opposite to the one side, and the engine is installed vertically. A first cooling fan for cooling and a driving means for driving the first cooling fan are provided, and a central portion between the one side portion and the other side portion is provided at a rear portion of the construction machine in front of a counterweight from the engine. A second cooling fan and a second cooling fan for cooling the oil cooler and the radiator, the oil cooler and the radiator being provided separately and substantially horizontally and in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the construction machine; And a driving means for driving the engine, and a hydraulic oil tank for the hydraulic oil and a fuel tank for the engine are provided between the rear part of the operator room and the counter weight, so that the rear part of the operator room and the counter weight are provided. The hydraulic oil tank or the fuel tank disposed between the oil cooler and the radiator constitutes a part of the flow path of the cooling air of the oil cooler and the radiator, so that the cooling effect can be improved, and The periphery of the oil cooler and radiator is surrounded by the counter weight and the hydraulic oil tank or fuel tank, and the noise of the fan outside the machine There is a soundproof effect of preventing the release of to.

According to the cooling device for a construction machine of the present invention, the cooling air of the oil cooler and the radiator is supplied to the construction machine of the construction machine in a forward direction, a rearward direction, and a rear direction of the body of the construction machine. The oil cooler and the radiator which are taken in from the inlet provided in at least one of the downward directions and which are arranged substantially horizontally and in parallel along the front-rear direction of the construction machine are provided above. Since it is configured to be discharged from the discharge port, the cooling air of the oil cooler and the radiator can be efficiently taken in and discharged.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the first or second aspect, an operator room is provided at one side of a front end in the front-rear direction of the construction machine. An engine room for vertically storing the engine to which the hydraulic pump is connected is provided on the other side opposite to one side, so that in addition to the effects of claim 1 or 2,
Since the engine is housed in the engine room, the noise of the engine can be cut off as much as possible, and the hydraulic oil tank or the fuel tank and the engine room are arranged substantially horizontally and in parallel in the vertical direction. Since the cooling air flow passage of the oil cooler and the radiator provided in the above is configured, the cooling efficiency of the oil cooler and the radiator can be improved.

In the case where the engine room is for soundproofing the engine, for example, in the case of an engine enclosure or a firewall covering the periphery of the engine,
Since the surroundings of the engine are surrounded as much as possible, the cooling in the engine room can be effectively performed, and the engine room can be manufactured inexpensively and small. According to the cooling device for a construction machine of the present invention described in claim 4, in the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the intake of the cooling air provided in the rearward direction is the construction of the counterweight. Since it is provided so as to penetrate substantially in the front-rear direction of the machine, the cooling air of the outside air is directly introduced, so that the intake efficiency is improved, and the heat radiation area of the oil cooler and the radiator core front surface can be reduced. The number of rotations for cooling can be reduced, and noise can be reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the construction apparatus of the first or fourth aspect, the first cooling fan of the engine and the second cooling fan of the oil cooler and the radiator are provided. Since the driving means is driven by a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, or the engine, there is a degree of freedom at the time of designing, and it is possible to manufacture various types of the above-described cooling devices having high cooling efficiency according to design specifications.

According to the cooling device for a construction machine of the present invention described in claim 6, in the configuration according to claim 5, the first device described above.
The rotation of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor in a hydraulic circuit for driving a hydraulic motor connected to the cooling fan from the hydraulic pump with operating hydraulic pressure or in an electric circuit for driving the electric motor connected to the first cooling fan. At least one of an ambient temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature in the engine or the engine room and a high-temperature section temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of a portion where the temperature in the engine room rises. One temperature sensor, the temperature sensor and the control means are connected via a controller, and the hydraulic pressure of the first cooling fan is controlled by a command signal from the controller corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Since the motor or the electric motor is configured to control the number of revolutions, the engine is controlled by the temperature sensor. Detecting the ambient temperature in the room and the temperature of the high-temperature portion, outputting the command signal, controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor, and controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor by the first cooling fan. The hydraulic pump can be accurately and effectively cooled.

According to the cooling device for a construction machine according to the present invention, the hydraulic motor connected to the second cooling fan is hydraulically driven by the hydraulic motor connected to the second cooling fan. In a hydraulic circuit driven by a hydraulic pressure from a pump or in an electric circuit driven by an electric motor connected to the second cooling fan, control means for controlling the number of rotations of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor is provided. A hydraulic oil temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the hydraulic oil of the oil cooler, a cooling water temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the cooling water of the radiator,
It has at least one temperature sensor of a cooling air temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the cooling air after passing through the oil cooler or the radiator, and the controller controls the temperature sensor and the control unit via a controller. And the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or electric motor of the second cooling fan is controlled by a command signal from the controller corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Cooler,
By detecting the temperature of the radiator and outputting the command signal and controlling the hydraulic motor or the electric motor, the oil cooler and the radiator can be accurately and effectively cooled by the second cooling fan.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the body of the construction machine has a forward direction, a rearward direction, and a downward direction. A lower opening provided in at least one direction and an upper opening provided above the oil cooler and the radiator which are provided substantially horizontally and in parallel with each other. Since the cooling air was taken in from one of the openings and discharged to the other opening,
In addition to the effects of the first to seventh aspects, there is a degree of freedom at the time of design, and various types of the cooling device having good cooling efficiency can be manufactured according to design specifications.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the construction machine according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the cooling fan functions as at least one of suction and discharge. The cooling fan can be arbitrarily set according to the design specifications of the cooling fan, and if the cooling fan has both functions of suction and discharge, the cooling fan is cooled by the cooling fan. The cooling effect can be improved by appropriately rotating the fan in the suction direction or the discharge direction in an appropriate manner to automatically clean the clogging of the oil cooler and the radiator core and the dirt in the cooling passage.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the construction machine cooling device of the first aspect, the cooling air flow flowing from the cooling fan of the oil cooler or the radiator is provided. The opposite surface of the guide member provided separately from the portion or the portion is formed so as to have a guide surface for guiding the cooling air flow to the discharge port, so that the flow resistance of the cooling air is reduced. The cooling efficiency can be improved.

According to the construction machine cooling device of the present invention, in the construction according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the engine is provided on the engine side or the oil cooler or the radiator side. Since the intercooler of the feeder is disposed so as to be superposed, the intercooler can be efficiently cooled together with the engine or the oil cooler or the radiator.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine according to the third aspect, wherein the exhaust outlet end of an exhaust pipe of an engine provided in the engine room and at least the exhaust exhaust end. An ejector comprising a suction pipe provided on a partition wall constituting an engine room while protruding longer than the exhaust outlet end with an interval from the outlet end. Since the configuration is such that the heated air is sucked and discharged to the outside, each part in the engine room can be effectively cooled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1, showing an embodiment of the present invention, is a schematic plan view showing a state similar to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a cross section along line 2A-2A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a modified example of the above embodiment, and showing the view A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic overall perspective view showing a conventional hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a plan view of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Upper revolving unit 4 Lower traveling unit 6 Working device 8 Engine 12 Revolving device 15 Operator room 16 Car body 18 Track roller frame 20 Traveling device 26 Hydraulic pump 26a Hydraulic piping 30 Hydraulic oil tank 31 Fuel tank 33 Storage box 40 Radiator 46 Cooling air Inlet 47 Cooling air outlet 50 Oil cooler 51 First cooling fan driving means 501 Second cooling fan driving means 52 First cooling fan 52a Hydraulic motor 52d Electric motor 53 Second cooling fan 102 Supercharger (turbo Charger) AC Air cleaner CR controller EP Electric circuit ER Engine room M Muffler M1 Exhaust outlet end M2 Suction pipe M3 Suction gap OP Hydraulic circuit SK Feeder S1, S2 Control means

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A high-pressure hydraulic oil which is transmitted from a hydraulic pump driven by an engine mounted on a construction machine to a traveling device, a working device and the like of the construction machine and returns to the high-temperature hydraulic oil. An oil cooler that cools the engine, and a radiator that cools the cooling water of the engine, wherein an operator room is provided at one side of a front end in the front-rear direction of the construction machine, and the one side is provided. The engine connected to the hydraulic pump is provided vertically on the other side opposite to the first side, and a first cooling fan for cooling the engine and a driving unit for driving the first cooling fan are provided. The oil cooler and the radiator, which are provided at the rear of the construction machine at the center between the other sides and in front of the counterweight and separated from the engine and are separately provided, are located in front of and behind the construction machine. A second cooling fan that cools the oil cooler and the radiator, and a driving unit that drives the second cooling fan. The second cooling fan cools the oil cooler and the radiator. A cooling device for a construction machine, wherein a hydraulic oil tank for the hydraulic oil and a fuel tank for the engine are provided therebetween. 2. The cooling air of the oil cooler and the radiator is taken in from at least one of a front, a rear, and a lower direction of a body of the construction machine, and the cooling air is circulated to the front and rear of the construction machine. 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the oil cooler and the radiator are disposed substantially horizontally and in parallel along a direction, and are discharged from a discharge port provided above the radiator. 3. Cooling system. 3. An engine room having an operator room provided at one side of a front end in the front-rear direction of the construction machine and the hydraulic pump connected to the other side opposite to the one side is stored vertically. Characterized by the provision of an engine room
The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1. 4. The construction according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air intake provided in the rearward direction is provided so as to penetrate the counterweight substantially in the front-rear direction of the construction machine. A cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of the above. 5. The driving means for driving the first cooling fan of the engine and the second cooling fan of the oil cooler and the radiator is driven by a hydraulic motor, an electric motor, or the engine, respectively. Or 4
A cooling device for a construction machine according to the above. 6. In a hydraulic circuit for driving a hydraulic motor connected to the first cooling fan from a hydraulic pump by operating hydraulic pressure, or in an electric circuit for driving an electric motor connected to the first cooling fan, A control unit for controlling the number of revolutions of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor; an ambient temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature in the engine or the engine room; and a temperature of a portion where the temperature in the engine room rises. A temperature sensor having at least one of the high-temperature section temperature sensors, the temperature sensor and the control means being connected via a controller, and a command signal from the controller corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor of the first cooling fan is controlled. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 5. 7. In a hydraulic circuit for driving a hydraulic motor connected to the second cooling fan from the hydraulic pump with operating hydraulic pressure, or in an electric circuit for driving an electric motor connected to the second cooling fan, A control means for controlling the number of rotations of the hydraulic motor or the electric motor, a hydraulic oil temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of hydraulic oil of the oil cooler,
A cooling water temperature sensor for detecting a cooling water temperature of the radiator, and at least one of a cooling air temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the cooling air after passing through the oil cooler or the radiator; Connecting the temperature sensor and the control means via a controller, and controlling the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor or electric motor of the second cooling fan by a command signal from the controller corresponding to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1, 6, and 7, wherein the cooling device is used. 8. The construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising:
A lower opening provided in at least one of the lower directions, and an upper opening provided above the oil cooler and the radiator arranged substantially horizontally and in parallel with each other; The cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cooling air is taken in from one of the opening and the lower opening and discharged to the other opening. 9. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said cooling fan has at least one of suction and discharge functions. 10. A portion of the oil cooler or radiator facing the cooling air flow flowing from the cooling fan, or a facing surface of a guide member provided separately from the portion is configured to transfer the cooling air flow to the discharge port. The cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cooling device is formed to have a guiding surface for guiding. 11. The engine according to claim 1, wherein an intercooler of a supercharger of the engine is arranged on the engine side or the oil cooler or the radiator side so as to overlap. Cooling equipment for construction machinery. 12. An engine room, wherein an exhaust outlet end of an exhaust pipe of an engine disposed in the engine room protrudes longer than at least the exhaust outlet end at a distance from the exhaust outlet end. 4. An ejector comprising a suction pipe provided in a partition wall to be heated, wherein an exhaust pressure of the engine is used to suck heated air in the engine room and discharge the heated air to the outside.
A cooling device for a construction machine according to the above.