JP4183584B2 - Construction machine cooling system - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, outside air is sucked into the engine room in the construction machine main body as cooling air from the ventilation holes, and the cooling unit is cooled by this cooling air, and the engine cooling water, the pump hydraulic oil, and the air conditioner refrigerant are cooled. The present invention relates to a cooling device for construction machinery.

  Today, various construction machines such as traveling construction machines such as excavators and wheel loaders and stationary construction machines such as cranes are used in various fields such as construction sites, harbors, factories, and the like. Construction machines are generally used in harsh environments such as excavation of rocks in dams, tunnels, rivers, roads, etc., and demolition of buildings and buildings, but in such environments they are used as equipment for engines and hydraulic pumps. The applied load is high, and the engine temperature and hydraulic oil temperature are likely to rise.

Therefore, in these construction machines, as shown in FIG. 6 [schematic cross-sectional view of the engine room as viewed from the front (viewed from the front of the construction machine)], the cooling water of the engine 50, the hydraulic oil of the oil pump 60, etc. cooling package 30 is provided for the radiator room 2Ba for cooling, by the operation of the cooling fan 40, taken from the vent holes 22a to the radiator room 2Ba as cooling air as indicated by the outside air arrows C ₁ -C ₄ The cooling air cools the cooling package 30 and eventually the engine cooling water and the pump hydraulic oil as described above. Cooling air having passed through the cooling package 30 is discharged from an exhaust hole (not shown) provided on the ceiling surface 21 of the main engine et room 2Bb as indicated by arrow C ₅ -C _7.

Here, the cooling package 30 includes a cooling unit (for example, a radiator or an oil cooler) 31 having a relatively large capacity, an intercooler 32a and an air conditioner condenser 32b having a relatively small capacity.
The radiator room 2Ba and the pump room 2Bc partitioned from the main engine room 2Bb by the firewall 25 are respectively provided with side doors 22 and 23 that swing in the horizontal direction, and the cooling package 30 is inspected and cleaned. This maintenance work is performed by opening a side door (radiator side door) 22 provided facing the radiator room 2Ba. However, in front of the cooling package 30, various devices (for example, a battery, an air cleaner, a reserve tank, an intercooler, etc.) indicated by reference numeral 80 in FIG. 6 and various pipes and various wirings (not shown) are installed. Thus, it is difficult to perform the above operation on the cooling package 30. In particular, the maintenance work is very difficult for the capacitor 32b near the floor surface 24 on which the above-mentioned various devices, various pipes, various wirings and the like are installed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7 (schematic cross-sectional view of the engine room in plan view), there is a configuration in which the capacitor 32b can swing in the horizontal direction (hereinafter, the capacitor having such a structure is swung). When performing the maintenance work of the cooling package 30, the radiator side door 22 is opened, and then the capacitor 32 b is moved from the normal position indicated by the solid line to the retracted position indicated by the two-dot chain line. Thereby, since a space is formed between the capacitor 32b at the front stage and the cooling unit 31 at the rear stage, the maintenance workability of the cooling units 31 and 32b is improved.

However, in order to configure the capacitor 32b in this way, the capacitor 32b is installed in the vicinity of the floor surface 24 on which the various devices 81 and 82, various pipes, and various wirings are installed. An allowable space is required, which increases the size of the radiator room 2Ba.
Further, the mechanism for swinging the capacitor 32b is very complicated in structure, and it takes time to assemble it, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost.

In addition, there is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, as a technique that can easily perform maintenance such as cleaning and inspection of the cooling package. In this technique, a cooling unit such as a radiator, an oil cooler, or an aftercooler is disposed in parallel in an opening of a frame provided on the upstream side of the cooling fan, and at least one of these cooling units is the frame. It is detachably attached to. Therefore, at least one of the cooling units can be detached from the frame and by itself from the machine body, and maintenance can be easily performed.
JP 2003-136972 A

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, although the cooling unit can be detached from the airframe alone, as described above, various devices are installed in front of the cooling unit. The work to remove remains a difficult task. Further, the number of cooling units that can arranged in parallel in the frame is limited, as in the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 above, which cooling unit is to solve the maintenance difficulties when placed in tandem is not.

  The present invention was devised in view of such problems, and while maintaining good maintenance workability of the main cooling unit and the sub-cooling unit, the maintenance space such as the radiator room can be reduced in size, and the sub-cooling unit. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine cooling device that can simplify the structure of the surroundings.

For this reason, the cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a main cooling fan that sucks and circulates external air as cooling air from the ventilation hole into the engine room in the construction machine body, and in the engine room, A main cooling unit disposed upstream of the engine in the cooling air discharge direction by the main cooling fan, and arranged to leave a first maintenance space upstream in the cooling air discharge direction by the main cooling fan; A sub-cooling unit that is integrally attached to the first maintenance door so as to face the first maintenance space and face the first maintenance door provided in the construction machine main body, and swingable toward the outside of the machine. It is characterized by having been configured.

The construction machine cooling device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling device according to the first aspect, wherein the air hole is formed in the first maintenance door, and the sub-cooling unit is the first maintenance door. It is characterized by being attached facing the vent hole of the door.
A construction machine cooling apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the sub-cooling unit is attached at a predetermined interval from the floor surface of the construction machine main body. It is characterized in that was.

A construction machine cooling apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, further comprising a sub cooling fan for supplying cooling air to the sub cooling unit. It is characterized by that.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling device for a construction machine, comprising: a main cooling fan for sucking and circulating outside air as cooling air into an engine room in the construction machine main body; and the main cooling fan in the engine room rather than the engine. A main cooling unit disposed upstream from the cooling fan discharge direction by the cooling fan and a second maintenance space provided on the opposite side of the engine from the main cooling fan is provided in the construction machine main body. A sub-cooling unit that is integrally attached to the second maintenance door so as to face the second maintenance door, and that can swing toward the outside of the machine, and the sub-cooling unit that sucks outside air from the vent hole and serves as cooling air It is characterized in that it is configured with a sub cooling fan to be supplied to.

A construction machine cooling apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the vent hole is formed in the second maintenance door, and the sub-cooling unit is the second maintenance door. It is characterized by being attached facing the vent hole of the door.
A construction machine cooling apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the fifth or sixth aspect , wherein the sub-cooling unit is attached at a predetermined interval from the floor surface of the construction machine main body. It is characterized in that was.

According to the construction machine of the cooling device of the present invention, since the sub-cooling unit is the first maintenance door also is mounted so as to face the second maintenance door, swinging the first maintenance door or the second maintenance door If it is opened, the sub-cooling unit swings out of the machine integrally with the first maintenance door or the second maintenance door, and a large maintenance space for the main cooling unit and the sub-cooling unit can be secured. The main cooling unit and the sub-cooling There is an advantage that the maintenance workability of the unit can be improved.
Also, since to achieve the swing to the outside of the sub-cooling unit by attaching together the sub-cooling unit in the first maintenance door or the second maintenance door, over conventional swing capacitor, the swing structure of the sub-cooling unit There is an advantage that can be simplified.

Further, the sub-cooling unit, by arranging at a predetermined distance from the floor surface of the construction machine body, also between the first maintenance air to effectively use the space that has not been used in conventional in the second maintenance space In particular, the first maintenance space can be made smaller than a conventional swing capacitor.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 5 indicate the front-rear direction (engine room width direction) of the construction machine, and the arrow Y in the figure indicates the left-right direction of the construction machine.
In the following embodiments, examples in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine will be described.
(1) First Embodiment FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the overall configuration of a construction machine. A construction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The construction machine includes a lower traveling body 1, an upper revolving body 2 that is disposed on the upper side of the lower traveling body 1, and a work device 3 that is provided on the upper revolving body 2 and performs various operations. Has been. Among these, the upper revolving body 2 has a counterweight 2A disposed behind the airframe, and an engine room 2B disposed in front of the airframe of the counterweight 2A.
Next, a construction machine cooling apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. 1 and 2 are views showing the construction of the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the construction machine viewed from the front (viewed from the front of the construction machine), and FIG. It is typical sectional drawing by vision.

  In the engine room 2B, the engine 50 is installed with its crankshaft directed in the left-right direction Y of the construction machine, and an axial flow type cooling fan 40 is disposed on the right side of the engine 50 in FIG. The cooling fan 40 is installed in such a posture that the axial flow direction thereof coincides with the left-right direction Y of the airframe, and the cooling air is circulated through the cooling air passage formed integrally with the engine room 2B. Yes. Here, the cooling air is sent to the left side in FIG. 1, and the direction from right to left in FIG. 1 is hereinafter referred to as the main cooling fan discharge direction, and the right side in FIG. Such a side is referred to as an upstream side in the main cooling fan discharge direction, and in FIG. 1, a side on the left side is referred to as a downstream side in the main cooling fan discharge direction.

The cooling fan 40 is an engine drive type that is mechanically coupled to the engine crankshaft, but is not limited to this and may be a hydraulic drive type.
A cooling package 30 is disposed upstream of the cooling fan 40 in the discharge direction of the main cooling fan. The cooling package 30 includes a main cooling unit 31 composed of a relatively large-capacity radiator and oil cooler, and a relatively small-capacity sub-cooling unit (disposed in the main cooling fan discharge direction upstream of the main cooling unit 31). Here, an intercooler) 32 is provided. The intercooler 32 is supported by the main cooling unit 31 via the support member 33, and is disposed in the vicinity of the engine room ceiling surface at the same height as a vent hole 22a described later.

A hydraulic pump 60 mechanically coupled to the engine crankshaft is connected to the engine 50 via the firewall 25 on the downstream side of the main cooling fan discharge direction of the engine 50, that is, on the opposite side of the engine 50 from the cooling package 30. It is installed adjacent to.
Here, side doors 22 and 23 are provided on both side surfaces of the construction machine main body 20 in which the engine room 2B is formed, and the side doors 22 and 23 are respectively connected to the construction machine main body via hinges 22b and 23b. 20 is swingably attached.

  The cooling package 30 is arranged with a predetermined space 2Ba opened with respect to the side door (radiator side door) 22 on the upstream side in the fan discharge direction. By opening the side door 22, the cooling package 30 uses the space 2Ba as a work space. In addition, maintenance work such as cleaning and inspection of 80 and other equipment (for example, a battery, an air cleaner, etc., which are generally plural, but shown here as one for convenience) can be performed. That is, this space 2Ba functions as a first maintenance space (radiator room).

  Similarly, the hydraulic pump 60 is disposed with a predetermined space with respect to the side door (pump side door) 23 on the downstream side in the fan discharge direction. By opening the side door 23, the hydraulic pump 60 uses the space as a working space. Maintenance work such as 60 can be performed. That is, this space functions as a second maintenance space, and the pump room 2Bc is mainly formed.

Here, the radiator side door 22 is formed with a vent hole 22a in a portion (that is, substantially upper half) indicated by hatching (lattice-like line) in FIG. 1 and FIG. A condenser (sub-cooling unit) 70 of an air conditioner, which is a cooling unit having a relatively small capacity, is fixed to the side door 22 via a support 71 so as to face the vent hole 22a. 70 is disposed at substantially the same height as the intercooler 32 with a predetermined gap S ₁ from the engine room floor surface 24.

The gap S ₁ is set larger than various devices 80 installed in the radiator room 2Ba, various pipes (not shown), and upper surfaces of the pipes. Accordingly, the capacitor 70 is disposed at a position sufficiently higher than the above-described various devices, and the capacitor 70 can be swung out of the apparatus integrally with the side door 22.
Further, in order to minimize the size of the radiator room 2Ba, the gap between the condenser 70 and the intercooler 32 is extremely small in the closed state of the side door 22 shown in FIG. 1 (or indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2). Further, the arrangement of the capacitor 70 and the intercooler 32 with respect to the main cooling fan discharge direction is set.

  In such a configuration, by operating the cooling fan 40, the outside air is sucked as cooling air from the air holes 22 a, and when this cooling air passes through the condenser 70 and the cooling package 30, the air conditioner refrigerant or Hydraulic oil and engine cooling water are cooled. In other words, the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the present embodiment includes the condenser 70, the cooling package 30, and the cooling fan 40.

  Since the construction machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, when the maintenance work for the cooling package 30 and the capacitor 70 is performed, the side door 22 is moved from the closed state shown by a solid line in FIG. By simply setting the open state indicated by the two-dot chain line, the condenser 70 is naturally swung out of the machine and the front of the cooling package 30 is opened, and the maintenance work for the cooling package 30 and the condenser 70 is performed. Can be easily performed.

In addition, since the capacitor 70 is supported by the side door 22, the swing structure of the capacitor 70 is configured by the side door 22, so that a complicated support structure for swinging the capacitor is not required as in the conventional swing capacitor. Thus, there is an advantage that the configuration around the capacitor can be simplified.
Furthermore, since the capacitor 70 is installed facing the side door 22 and swings out of the apparatus integrally with the side door 22, a space for swinging the capacitor 70 is set outside the apparatus. Thus, since it is not necessary to secure much of the space for swinging the capacitor 70 in the radiator room 2Ba, the size of the radiator room 2Ba can be reduced.

In addition, the capacitor 70 can be disposed together with the intercooler 32 in a conventional empty space above the various facilities 80 and the like installed on the engine room floor surface 24. Also in this respect, the radiator room 2Ba is reduced in size. It becomes possible .

(1- 1) change Katachirei
In addition , as shown in FIG. 4 (schematic sectional view of the engine room as viewed from the front), the cooling fan (main cooling fan) 40 is separated from the main cooling fan 40 that supplies cooling air to the condenser 70 separately from the cooling fan 40. The cooling fan (sub cooling fan) 75 may be installed. In the sub cooling fan 75, a support 71 that supports the capacitor 70 extends from the capacitor 70 toward the cooling package 30. The sub cooling fan 75 is attached to the extended portion of the support 71 and is interposed between the capacitor 70 and the intercooler 32. Has been placed. Thus, by operating the sub cooling fan 75, more cooling air can be supplied to the condenser 70 and the intercooler 32, and the cooling performance of the condenser 70 and the intercooler 32 can be improved.
(2) will be described a construction machine of the cooling device as a second embodiment of the present invention with reference to the Second Embodiment FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view from the front showing the configuration of the cooling device for a construction machine according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the components demonstrated in the said 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the cooling device for a construction machine according to the present embodiment, the condenser 70 is not a radiator room 2Ba but a pump room (that is, a space formed on the side opposite to the main cooling fan 40 with respect to the engine 50, such as the hydraulic pump 60). (2nd maintenance space for performing maintenance) 2Bc is different in that it is installed.
More specifically, the capacitor 70 is provided on a floor surface in a vertical posture along the inner wall surface of the side door 23 on an openable / closable side door 23 formed on the construction machine main body 20 so as to face the pump room 2Bc. It is attached upward by a predetermined distance S ₂ from 24. In this side door, a vent hole 23a is formed in a hatched portion in FIG. 3 (that is, substantially upper half), and the capacitor 70 is disposed on the side through the support member 71 so as to face the vent hole 23a. It is supported by the door 23.

  Further, the sub cooling fan 75 is positioned substantially at the same height as the condenser 70 (a predetermined distance above the floor surface 24) so as to face the vent hole 23a with the condenser 70 interposed therebetween, and the fan axial flow direction is changed. It is installed so as to coincide with the construction machine left-right direction Y. The sub cooling fan 75 is smaller than the main cooling fan 40, and is supported by the support material 71 together with the capacitor 70 and by the side door 23.

With such a configuration, by operating the sub cooling fan 75, the outside air is supplied as cooling air to the condenser 70 in the pump room 2Bc through the vent hole 23a, and the refrigerant of the air conditioner is cooled. ing.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
The construction machine cooling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above. Like the construction machine cooling apparatus according to the first embodiment, the maintenance workability of the cooling package 30 is improved and the condenser 70 is improved. In addition to improving maintenance workability, the following advantages are obtained.

That is, since the condenser 70 is not installed upstream of the cooling package 30, cooling air having a lower temperature is supplied to the cooling package 30 as long as there is no heat exchange with the condenser 70. As a result, the cooling of the cooling package 30 is performed. There is an advantage that the performance can be improved.
The capacitor 70 and the sub-cooling fan 75, and is disposed upwardly from the floor surface 24 by a predetermined distance S _2, the pump room since in the conventional are arranged in the space that has not been disposed of equipment conventional While maintaining the same size, there is an advantage that the radiator room 2Ba can be made more compact compared to the first embodiment because there is no capacitor 70.

(3) Other construction machine cooling device of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, it is possible to Nau rows various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example has been described in which the sub-cooling unit that is disposed so as to face the first maintenance door 22 or the second maintenance door 23 and can swing toward the outside of the machine is a capacitor. Such a sub-cooling unit that can swing toward the outside of the machine is not limited to a condenser, and may be an intercooler or a fuel cooler, for example.
In each of the above embodiments, the sub-cooling unit that can swing toward the outside of the machine is attached so as to face the first maintenance door or the second maintenance door. A configuration attached to any of the maintenance doors (for example, the capacitor 70 is attached so as to be able to swing toward the outside of the machine so as to face the radiator side door 22 and is shaken toward the outside of the machine so as to face the pump side door 23. A configuration in which the intercooler 32 is movably attached may be used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view from the front showing the overall configuration of a construction machine cooling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical sectional view by plane view which shows the whole structure of the cooling device of the construction machine of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical perspective view showing the whole construction machine construction of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic cross-sectional view according to a front view showing a configuration of a variable Katachirei the first embodiment of the present invention. The front which shows the whole structure of the cooling device of the construction machine of 2nd Embodiment of this invention It is a typical sectional view by vision. Schematic cut off from front view showing the overall structure of a conventional cooling device for construction machinery FIG. Typical cut-off in plan view showing the overall structure of a conventional cooling device for construction machinery FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper turning body 2A Counterweight 2B Engine room 2Ba Radiator room (1st maintenance space)
2Bb Main engine room 2Bc Pump room (second maintenance space)
3 Working device 20 Construction machine body 22 Radiator side door (first maintenance door)
22a Vent 23 Pump side door (second maintenance door)
23a Ventilation hole 24 Engine room floor surface 30 Cooling package 31 Main cooling unit 32 Intercooler 40 Cooling fan (main cooling fan)
50 Engine 60 Hydraulic pump 70 Condenser (sub cooling unit)
75 predetermined gap from the sub-cooling fan S _1, S ₂ engine room floor surface

Claims (7)

A main cooling fan that sucks and circulates outside air from the ventilation holes into the engine room in the construction machine body as cooling air;
In the engine room, it is arranged upstream from the engine in the cooling air discharge direction by the main cooling fan, and the first maintenance space is left in the upstream in the cooling air discharge direction by the main cooling fan. The main cooling unit,
Integrally attached to the first maintenance door so as to face the first maintenance door provided on said construction machine body facing first maintenance space and a pivotable sub-cooling unit toward the outside A cooling device for a construction machine, characterized in that it is configured. 2. The cooling of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the vent hole is formed in the first maintenance door, and the sub-cooling unit is mounted facing the vent hole of the first maintenance door. apparatus. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sub-cooling unit is attached at a predetermined interval from the floor surface of the construction machine main body. The cooling device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a sub cooling fan for supplying cooling air to the sub cooling unit. A main cooling fan that sucks and distributes outside air as cooling air into the engine room in the construction machine body;
A main cooling unit disposed upstream of the engine in the cooling air discharge direction of the main cooling fan in the engine room;
Integrally attached to the second maintenance door so as to face the second maintenance door is provided on the construction machine body facing the second maintenance space provided on the opposite side of the said main cooling fan to the engine A sub-cooling unit that can swing toward the outside of the machine,
A cooling device for a construction machine, comprising: a sub-cooling fan that sucks outside air from a vent hole and supplies it as cooling air to the sub-cooling unit. 6. The cooling of a construction machine according to claim 5, wherein the vent hole is formed in the second maintenance door, and the sub-cooling unit is mounted facing the vent hole of the second maintenance door. apparatus. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the sub-cooling unit is attached at a predetermined interval from a floor surface of the construction machine main body.

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