JPH11254415A - Frame and releasing method for frame - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a hollow structural material with recesses and projections on its inner face to be used for structural building by a comparatively simple structure and release an inner frame quickly from the formed structural material. SOLUTION: A frame is used for manufacturing a hollow structural material with recesses and projections on its inner face, and the frame is constituted of a cylindrical frame 1 divided into a plurality of frame pieces 1a and 1b along the axial direction and a cylindrical inner frame 2 disposed on the inner side of the outer frame by the given interval, and the inner frame 2 is constituted of a shaping layer with a projection for forming recesses and projections on the inner face of the structural material and a mold core material for holding the shaping layer, and parts of the hole of the shaping layer and the mold core material are formed of a collapsing material to be turned unformed by the external action.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mold used for manufacturing a hollow structural material having irregularities on an inner surface used for construction, and a method of detaching the mold.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a hollow structural member 10 provided with irregularities on its inner surface, for example, a hollow structural member having a shape as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 11 and 12 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-209498.
The shape shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
No. 141918. Further, a hollow structural material as shown in FIG. 3 can be easily inferred from those specifications.

In manufacturing the hollow structural member 10 having the unevenness on the inner surface as described above, a method utilizing centrifugal force, which is used in the conventional pile manufacturing, is adopted.
Manufacturing becomes difficult due to the unevenness of the hollow inner surface of the structural material.

Further, since the structural material shown in FIGS. 1, 11 and 12 is not cylindrical, if the above-described method utilizing centrifugal force is applied, the pressure difference due to the centrifugal force is applied to the outer edge of the structural material. This causes a disadvantage that a homogeneous material cannot be obtained. For this reason, in the conventional production of a hollow tube by casting, the structure of the mold is mechanically complicated due to the unevenness of the hollow inner surface of the structural material. In particular, in the structural materials shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the structure of the mold is complicated. Furthermore, there are many difficult aspects which cannot be achieved by the conventional manufacturing method in increasing the efficiency of the production of the structural material and shortening the manufacturing time.

[0005]

When the technology of the conventional method is applied as described above, the structure of the inner mold is complicated,
Even when time is wasted removing molds or when manufacturing using centrifugal force, it is necessary to efficiently manufacture homogeneous products, and in any case, mass production of hollow structural materials with irregularities on the inner surface is required. Not suitable. For this reason, there is a demand for a mold having an inner mold that can be quickly separated from a structural material formed with a mold having a relatively simple mechanism.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a structural material, wherein the outer shape of the structural material and the hollow inner surface each have an arbitrary cross section. The outer mold for use and the inner mold with irregularities of any shape can be manufactured by centrifugal force or cast, and the structure of the mold is simple, efficient and the production can be shortened. Provide a way.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a mold for manufacturing a hollow structural material having irregularities on an inner surface, the mold for manufacturing a hollow structural material having irregularities on an inner surface, A cylindrical outer mold that is divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold that is arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold, The inner mold frame is composed of a modeling layer provided with projections for forming irregularities on the inner surface of the structural material, and a part or all of the modeling layer is formed of a collapsed material that becomes amorphous due to external action. (Claim 1).

[0008] In the above-mentioned mold, the modeling layer is made of a disintegrating material or a non-disintegrating material (Claim 2). In each of the above-mentioned molds, the inner mold forms irregularities on the inner surface of the structural material. In some cases, it is constituted by either a mold core material partially having the projections or a mold core material not having the projections, and a modeling layer partially or entirely having the projections (claim 3).

In each of the above-mentioned molds, when the projection provided on one or both of the molding layer and the mold core is a single or multiple thread (claim 4), ,
The shaping layer may be divided into a plurality of shaping layer pieces along the axial direction (claim 5).

In each of the above-described molds, when the mold core is divided into a plurality of mold core pieces along the axial direction (claim 6), in each of the above-described molds, the mold core is divided along the axial direction. In the case where the plurality of divided modeling layer pieces are formed of one or more kinds of disintegrating materials (claim 7), in each of the above-described molds, the plurality of inner molds divided along the axial direction. May be movable in the radial direction of the inner mold frame (claim 8).

[0011] In each of the above-mentioned molds, there is a case where a stagnation preventing means for preventing stagnation of air is provided on the outer surface of the inner mold.

A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. After filling the molding material into the mold using the former mold, the inner mold of the molded product is left, and a part or all of the outer mold is left as it is and cured. In the method of releasing the frame,
Each of the above molds is used as a mold (claim 10).

A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. Using a mold that becomes, after filling the molding material into the mold, leave the inner mold of the molded article, after curing in a state where the outer mold is removed, in a method of detaching the mold, Each of the above molds is used as a mold (claim 11).

A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. Using a mold that becomes, after filling the molding material in the mold, after curing the molded article, the inner mold as it is or reduced, in a method of detaching the inner mold from one side of the mold, Each of the above molds is used (claim 12).

A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. Using a mold that becomes, after filling the molding material in the mold, after curing the molded article, the inner mold as it is or reduced, in a method of separating the inner mold from both sides of the mold, Each of the molds is used (claim 13).

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the mold and the method of releasing the mold according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views or sectional views showing an example of a structural member 10 manufactured by using the mold and the method of releasing the mold according to the present invention. In the structural material 10 shown in FIG.
Discontinuous uneven projections 3 are formed on the inner surface. On the structural material 10 shown in FIG. 2, projections 3 having a female screw-like unevenness are formed.

The structural material 10 shown in FIG.
In the figure, irregularities are formed on the inner surface of the hollow, consisting of tenon-like projections 3 and groove-like concaves. When such irregularities are provided, when two structural materials are joined, the joint filler is also present in the grooves with irregularities, so that they are firmly joined and work integrally when subjected to stress.

As the shape of the projection, other than that shown in FIG. 3, a square may be used at the base of the corner, or an arc may be formed. In addition, an arbitrary shape such as a mortise having a protrusion, a semi-circle, a semi-ellipse, a combination thereof, an inverted trapezoid, or the like in which the base is truncated by a straight line or an arc can be adopted. The projections may be independent or may be spirally continuous, such as a screw thread.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another structural member 10. If the projections 3 are provided on the inner surface of the hollow structural member 10, it is conceivable that air will collect at the base of the projections 3 when the filler is cast for joining. Especially structural material 10
However, there is a tendency when used as a beam. For this reason, it is preferable to provide an exhaust passage 3e in the projection 3 on the inner surface of the hollow structural member 10 and to provide a stagnation preventing means for discharging air to the outside of the structural member 10. In particular, stagnation of air is likely to occur near the top and bottom of the beam, and depending on the shape of the hollow, it may also occur on the side walls and the like. Or two or more places.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a main part of a hollow portion of the hollow structural member, particularly for explaining an installation state of the exhaust passage 3e. FIG. 5A shows an installation state of an open type exhaust path, and FIG. 5B shows an installation state of a closed type exhaust path. As described above, depending on the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion of the hollow structural member 10 and the shape of the projection, it is conceivable that air may accumulate near the base of the projection when the filler is filled. When air accumulates, depending on the intended use of the structural material, the integrity of the structural material and the filler is weakened, and the structure may collapse when subjected to stress. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an exhaust hole as a means for preventing air from staying in order to reliably fill the filler at the base or top of the projection.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the exhaust passage 3e has an appropriate shape, and is provided at one or more places on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the structural member 10 in combination with the same shape or a different shape. It is preferable to provide at least one exhaust hole 3g on the exhaust passage 3e. Even on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the structural material 10, even if the portion is not filled with the filler, such an exhaust path 3
e and the exhaust hole 3g may be provided in order to prevent expansion of air and moisture in a fire.

FIG. 5 (b) is a perspective view of another example of a structural member 10 having an exhaust passage as air retention preventing means. In this structural material 10, a pipe 3f having a fine hole 3h as an exhaust passage is buried in the mountain 3b inside the structural material 10,
The pipe 3 f is opened at the end face of the structural material 10.
The position and number of the pipes 3f to be embedded are arbitrary.

The internal structure of a hollow structural material having irregularities on its inner surface has been described above. Next, a mold for manufacturing such a structure, particularly an inner mold, will be described.

FIG. 6 is an assembled perspective view showing an example of an inner mold for manufacturing the structural material of the present invention. The inner mold frame is composed of a mold core material 22, an upper molding layer piece 21a and a lower molding layer piece 21b made of a collapsed material. If the strength of the disintegrating material is appropriate, the shaping layer may be vertically integrated, may be divided into two or more, and the mold core material 22 may be omitted. At this time, the modeling layer 21 may have a hollow or solid shape.

In this example, the modeling layers 21a and 21b are formed of a collapse material. The disintegration material is a material that becomes amorphous by an external action. When a structural material having irregularities on the inner surface is manufactured, the shaping layers 21a and 21b provided with the projections of the inner mold are formed to form the irregularities. Is made of this material. Therefore, for example, when casting concrete as a molding material, projections are formed as a part of the inner mold, but when removing the inner mold after casting, it becomes amorphous due to external action, Mold core material 2 of inner mold from molded structural material
2 can be extracted. Also, as described above, when the mold core 22 is omitted, there is no need to remove the inner mold frame, and it is only necessary to clear the collapsed material.

Examples of the disintegrating material include a material which collapses when subjected to vibration, burns or melts by fire, a material which dissolves in water, a material which is deformed or corroded by pressure, and rubber, A bag made of resin and other bags made of ferrous, non-ferrous metals, organic materials, etc., into which air, water, and other injectable materials are put into a predetermined shape is used as a disintegrating material. Occasionally, an injection may be withdrawn to make it amorphous. Such a bag is attached to a part or the entire surface of the mold core material 22.

Examples of the material of the disintegration material include thermoplastic resins which easily melt or burn when heated.
Foamed products such as foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene, foamed polystyrene, foamed vinyl chloride resin, foamed polyurethane, foamed phenolic resin, and rubber sponge may be used, and other examples include paper, wood, and tar.

Further, sand used in the production of castings is
Glue, forming a molding layer with solidified with various resins such as phenolic resin, when removing the inner mold, as an external action,
In some cases, the shaping layer is broken by giving vibration or the like.

In addition, with water, hot water, vibration and pressure,
Examples of the amorphous material include polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and starch resin. In addition, examples of a material that is made amorphous by using heat, vibration, water, and the like include water glass and glass.

The mold core material 22 is made of a building material such as concrete, brick, rubber, etc. in addition to iron, non-ferrous metal, resin, ceramics, etc., and preferably has a shape similar to the hollow shape of the structural material. It is not necessarily limited.
When the disintegration material has an appropriate strength, withstands the compaction strength after filling with the molding material, and easily becomes amorphous at the time of demolding, the mold core 22 may also be formed of the disintegration material.

The shaping layer 21 is formed of a collapsed material, has an outer surface corresponding to the inner surface irregularity shape of the desired hollow structural material, and has the projections 3 formed at the positions of the concaves and convexes of the structural material. ing.

The roller 22a attached to the lower part of the mold core 22 is provided as necessary so that it can be easily pulled out when the inner mold is removed after forming the structural material and breaking the molding layer 21. Things.

When the inner mold is extracted from the structural material, the holding material 22b has irregularities of the formed structural material.
It is made of a spring, wheels and the like, and is provided as necessary, to prevent the contact with the second member 2 from being damaged.

In this example, since the shaping layer 21 is composed of the upper shaping layer piece 21a and the lower shaping layer piece 21b,
In order to prevent displacement, a convex member (not shown) is provided on the upper modeling layer piece 21a, and a fitting hole 21 is provided on the lower modeling layer piece 21b.
e is provided and fitted. In addition, the modeling layer 21 includes
A fitting hole 21d for receiving the roller 22a and the holding member 22b is provided. In addition, projections 30e and 31e for forming an exhaust passage 3e as air retention preventing means shown in FIG. 5 are provided as necessary. The projections 30e and 31e serve to reinforce the modeling layer pieces 21a and 21b.
1e can be used.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the inner mold frame 2 in which the molding core 21 of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the installation state of the mold excluding the upper outer mold. The inside of the cradle 5 has a shape corresponding to the lower outer mold frame 1b, and is independent or continuous as illustrated. Rollers 14 are provided at one or more places on the contact surface between the cradle 5 and the lower outer mold frame 1b, depending on the method of curing the structural material, as required, either on the cradle 5 or the lower outer frame frame 1b. In place of the roller, a bearing may be arranged on the contact surface, or a sliding material may be applied. Depending on such various friction reducing means, a cradle groove 5a or a plate, a roller, a sliding coating material, or the like may be used in correspondence.

The inner mold frame 2 is installed from the inside of the lower outer mold frame 1b with an interval corresponding to the design member thickness of the structural material. At this time, a spacer may be used on the outer periphery of the mold core material 22 or the molding layer of the inner mold frame 2 to maintain a space with the outer mold frame as necessary. As the spacer, one or more of the above-described rollers 22a and the holding members 22b may be used alone or in combination. When the roller 22a is used between the mold core material 22 and the inner surface of the structural material, when the inner mold 2 is removed from the formed structural material, the inner mold 2 is formed along the exhaust path provided in the structural material and the concave and convex grooves. Sliding the place makes the removal easier.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the assembled formwork in which the upper outer formwork is placed on the lower outer formwork shown in FIG. An upper outer mold 1a having an inner surface having a shape corresponding to the design thickness of the structural material is installed on the lower outer mold 1b shown in FIG. The upper outer mold frame 1a and the lower outer mold frame b are fastened with a fastener 13 such as a bolt, a clamp, or a clip. In the illustrated example, the outer mold frame is divided into two, but may be divided into three or more.

In the vicinity of the center of the top of the upper outer frame 1a, there is provided an inlet 11 having an appropriate shape for filling a molding material for a structural material. Generally located near the center of the top,
It is preferable to appropriately change the shape according to the shape of the structural material. Further, the inlet may be an elongated hole extending in the axial direction of the outer mold frame. In this case, the location may be troweled later.

Further, at an appropriate position on the upper outer mold 1a, 1
Preferably, one or a plurality of appropriately shaped air vent holes 12 are provided. The air vent hole 12 or the inlet 11 may be filled with the same material as the above-mentioned collapse material.

After the outer formwork 1 is installed outside the inner formwork 2, the wife formwork 4 is attached, and then the outer formwork 1 and the fastener 13 are tightened. Is done.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view immediately before the molded structural material is put into the curing room. After the molding material is filled in the mold and a predetermined curing time has elapsed, the molded article is in a natural state or in a steam state with the outer mold 1 and the inner mold 2 attached as shown in FIG. Cured in an atmosphere such as hot air or water.
And after the molding material is solidified, before or after extracting the mold core material 22 of the inner mold, the collapsed material of the molding layer is made amorphous by an external action, and the mold core material 22 of the inner mold is extracted.
Remove the outer formwork.

Another method of removing the mold from the molded product is to remove the mold core 22 before or after removing a part or the whole of the outer mold 1 and then curing and amorphizing the collapsed material. Which of these orders is to be adopted may be appropriately determined depending on the shape of the structural material and the condition of the factory.

In the above two curing methods, since the curing takes time, the use of the molding place, the pedestal, and the upper and outer mold frames may be reduced, and the molding cycle may be lengthened. In order to shorten the molding cycle, the following should be performed.

When the molding material is filled, if the molding material is subjected to vibration or the like to be injected and solidified, the upper outer mold is removed and the lower outer mold 1b is attached immediately or several times thereafter, or Carry the molded product from the receiving stand to the curing room without attaching it.
By doing so, the rotation of the molding place and the cradle is accelerated.
The lower outer frame 1b may be only the bottom plate portion of the molding material or only the side wall portion, a combination thereof, or the upper outer frame may be left attached.

Then, such a semi-finished product is put into a pressure cooker. The inside of the pot is 2 to 10 atmospheres and the temperature is 50 to 3
High pressure and high temperature can be maintained up to about 00 ° C,
Since the disintegration material also collapses and becomes amorphous at the same time as curing, the production cost is reduced and the strength of the structural material is increased. Curing of the semi-finished product may be performed in the above-described natural state, in the atmosphere of steam, hot air, water, or the like.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of another structural member including the inner mold. In the example shown in FIG.
Are provided with three hollow portions. As described above, in the present invention, the number of hollow portions provided in the structural material is not limited to one, and a structural material having a complicated cross-sectional shape can be easily manufactured. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11B, by providing the modeling layer 21f in the space, the hollow portion can be communicated. When the mold shown in FIG. 9 is filled with the molding material through the charging port 11, air may accumulate on the lower end surface of the inner mold 2 on the opposite side depending on the shape of the structural material. That is, in the air retaining portion 20a on the lower end surface of the inner mold shown in FIG. 11, the air indicated by the dashed line cannot escape and the air remains. For this reason, when the molding material is poured, vibration is applied little by little, but if it is still insufficient, as shown in FIG.
The molding material is poured while the air is sucked from the pipe 3f shown in the above, or the molding layer is made of a porous or multi-pipe material, and the air is sucked or adsorbed, or the air is released into the inner mold. Combined or independently air stagnation section 20a of the modeling layer
Only in the section, a cloth, a nonwoven fabric, or the like that absorbs air may be bonded along the surface of the modeling layer and the projections 3 on the uneven surface.

FIG. 12 shows a state in which a hollow portion is opened and a cavity 21g is formed.
It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the structural material 10 in which was formed. FIG. 12A is a perspective view of the structural material 10, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view for explaining a point of manufacturing such a structural material 10. To form such a cavity 21g,
If an auxiliary layer 21h formed of the same disintegrating material as the molding layer 21 and having a thickness in contact with an outer mold frame (not shown) is laminated on the molding layer 21 around the mold core 22, a molding material is obtained. Does not flow.

In each of the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12, it is assumed that the shaping layer 21 is formed of one type of disintegrant, but for example, two types such as styrofoam and paper are used. It is also possible to mix the above disintegrants or to use two or more disintegrants in combination. In addition, for example, the disintegration material is formed at each location such that the upper molding layer piece 21a of the inner mold shown in FIG. It is also possible to change the type, and furthermore, it is also possible to make the shaping layer 21 a resin and to make the projections 3 paper or the like.

In the present invention, a part or all of the mold core material 22 of the inner mold frame can be formed of a disintegrating material as in the case of the molding layer. Therefore, when the modeling layer 21 is made of a collapsed material, the boundary between the modeling layer 21 and the mold core material 22 may be unclear. Hereinafter, the shaping layer 21 and the mold core material 22 will be described with reference to examples of an inner mold formed by combining a collapsible material and a non-collapsible material.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the inner frame 2 for manufacturing another structural material. In this example, the modeling layer includes eight modeling layer pieces 23a, 23b, 23a, 23b, 23a, 23.
b, 23a and 23b, and are laminated around the mold core material 22. At this time, if the mold core 22 is made of a disintegrating material, even if all of the eight modeling layer pieces are made of a non-disintegrating material, if the mold core 22 is made amorphous, the molding is performed. The layers are decomposed and can be removed from the hollows of the structural material. As described above, the modeling layer pieces 23a,
If the mold 23b can sufficiently withstand the filling pressure of the molding material, the mold core 22 becomes unnecessary. At this time, if one of the modeling layer pieces can be released from the mold, the modeling layer pieces may be entirely made of a non-disintegrating material. Further, one or more of the modeling layer pieces may be made of a disintegrating material, and the remaining modeling layer pieces may be made of a non-disintegrating material.

The mold core 22 is made of a non-disintegrating material. For example, the shaping layer piece 23a is a disintegrating material and the shaping layer piece 23b
Is made of a non-collapsed material, the modeling layer piece 23b
However, if the mold core material 22 is modified so that it can be moved in the axial direction of the inner mold while maintaining its shape, the inner mold can be taken out of the structural material. The details are shown in the following examples. The recess 21k provided at the top of the protrusion of the modeling layer piece 23b is provided in the exhaust pipe 3 shown in FIG.
f is to be buried when forming the structural material.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another mold before the material for the structural material 10 is injected, and FIG. 15 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view thereof. In this example, the cylindrical outer form 1 is 2
Are divided into two upper outer mold pieces 1a and two lower outer mold pieces 1b.

The cylindrical inner mold 2 having a projection on the outer surface is
It is divided into eight mold core pieces, each consisting of a molding layer piece and a mold core piece, and both ends of every other four mold core pieces have a fan-shaped outer surface if necessary. Conversely, the opposite ends of the four mold core pieces have correspondingly widened inner surfaces.

Of the molding layer pieces of the mold pieces, the molding layer pieces 23e, 23f, 23g and 23h are formed of a disintegrating material, and the molding layer pieces 23j, 23k, 23m and 23n are formed of a non-disintegrating material. Have been.

The shaping layer pieces 23e, 23f, 23g, 23h formed by the disintegration material are held by small mold core pieces 22e, 22f, 22g, 22h, respectively. And the modeling layer piece 23 formed of the non-collapse material
j, 23k, 23m, and 23n are similarly held by large mold core pieces 22j, 22k, 22m, and 22n, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 15, a shaft 16 penetrates the center of the inner mold 2 and partially extends on the surface of the shaft.
Inner screws 16a, 16b with different winding styles
The pipe 17 is partially covered as a double shaft outside the shaft 16, and the outside of the screw is wound differently on the surface of the pipe 17. 17a and 17b are threaded. And internal screw 16
a, 16b and nuts 16c, 16d, 17c, 1 to be screwed to the external screws 17a, 17b.
7d are respectively inserted.

The shaft 16 and the pipe 17 can be individually rotated by turning the handle 16h by switching operation of a switching plate 16g provided on a bearing base 16f outside the formwork. .

The nuts 16c, 16d, 17c, 1
One end of a column member 19 is connected to the outer periphery of 7d via a pin joint 18, and the other end of the column member 19 is connected to each mold core piece of the inner frame body 2 divided via the pin joint 18. Has been contacted. In FIG. 15, for the sake of simplicity, only the molding layer pieces 23j and 23m and the mold core pieces 22j and 22m of the four mold core pieces connected to the nuts 17c and 17d are shown. 16c, 1
Among the four mold core pieces connected by 6d, only the molding layer pieces 23e and 23g and the mold core pieces 22e and 22g are rotated about the shaft 16 by a two-dot chain line. Indicated by.

As shown in FIG. 14, the inner mold frame 2 is divided into eight molding layer pieces and mold core pieces.
Reference numerals c and 17d denote four mold core pieces 22 holding the modeling layer pieces formed of the non-collapse material via the support members 19, respectively.
j, 22k, 22m, and 22n, and nuts 16c and 16d are provided with four pillars 22e and 22 through support members 19 for holding modeling layer pieces formed of a collapsed material.
f, 22g, 22h.

Therefore, from the state of FIG.
Turn the pipe 17 to rotate the two nuts 17
The distance between c and 17d approaches or moves away depending on the rotation direction. Until the two nuts 17c and 17d approach and the respective support members 19 and 19 become parallel, the respective mold core pieces connected to the nuts 17c and 17d are pushed out to the outer frame 1 side. Similarly, when the shaft 16 is rotated to bring the two nuts 16c and 16d close to each other, each mold core piece connected to the nuts 16c and 16d is pushed out to the outer frame 1 side, and the nuts 17c and 17d. Each of the molding layer pieces of each mold core piece connected to each other comes into contact with each other on the divided surface to form a cylindrical inner mold frame 2 as shown in FIG.

After the inner mold 2 is formed in this manner, a molding material for the structural material 10 is provided between the outer mold 1 and one or more places or strips at appropriate positions. Entrance 1
Filled from 1. After the molding material has hardened, the molding layer pieces 23e, 23e,
23f, 23g and 23h are made amorphous.

Next, as shown in FIG. 16 and FIG.
Is rotated to widen the interval between the two nuts 16c and 16d, the respective mold core pieces connected to the nuts 16c and 16d move toward the shaft 16. Next, the switching board 16
g, the pipe 17 is rotated in the same manner, so that each mold core piece connected to the nuts 17c and 17d is
Move toward 6. At this time, since the outer shape of the inner mold frame 2 composed of the divided core material pieces is reduced, the tops of the projections 3 of each of the modeling layer pieces formed of the non-collapsed material are also formed. Inner formwork 2 without hitting the inner surface of
Can be taken out of the structural material 10.

As shown in FIG. 14 or FIG.
Radial rails 4a extending radially of the shaft 16 are provided on the end mold frames 4 on both sides of the outer mold frame 1. Both side edges of each mold core piece are guided by the rails 4a, and 16 in the radial direction, and by the stoppers 4b at both ends of the rail 4a,
The position at the time of expansion and the position at the time of contraction are regulated.

The nuts 16c, 16d, 17c, 1
7d is a state where the screws 16a, 16b,
After being attached to the shafts 17 and 17b respectively, the screws 16a, 16b, 17a and 17
b can be easily screwed.

FIG. 18 shows a state in which the nut 17c is mounted.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a pin joint 18. Prop material 19
Male thread is threaded at the tip of the
Since the female screw is threaded on the side, the length of the column member 19 can be adjusted by the amount of screwing the column member 19. Hole 18a of pin joint 18 and hole 18 of two stop plates
When the bolt 18c is inserted between the supporting member 19b and the nut 18d and the bolt 18c is tightened with the nut 18d, the supporting member 19 rotates freely in the axial direction.

In the above embodiment, the shaft 16 and the pipe 17 are provided with the inner screws 16a, 16b and the outer screws 17 respectively.
Although a and 17b are threaded, only the shaft 16 has two types of pitches, one pair of a normal pitch and a reverse pitch and another pair of pitches.
If a screw having a different winding method is provided, and a nut connected to a mold core piece to be reduced first is attached to a screw having a large pitch, the pipe 17 becomes unnecessary.

Further, in the above embodiment, the mold core pieces 22e, 22f, 22g, 22h holding the shaping layer pieces 23e, 23f, 23g, 23h formed of the disintegrating material are also taken out of the formed structural material. Although it is reduced so as to be easy, it is not necessary to move it toward the axis 16 if there is no problem.

In the embodiment described above, the mold core pieces of the inner mold 2 are moved by the link mechanism by the rotation of the shaft 16 and the pipe 17 to expand and contract the inner mold 2. Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which the mold core piece of the inner mold is moved by fluid pressure, for example, hydraulic pressure, air pressure, water pressure, or the like.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the inner mold 30.
A hollow shaft 40 penetrates through the center of the inner mold frame 30,
The state where the fluid in the hollow chamber 50 of the shaft 40 is pressurized and the inner mold 30 is expanded is shown. The inner mold frame 30 includes eight mold core pieces 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,
It is divided into 37 and 38, and a modeling layer piece 39 made of a disintegrating material or a non-disintegrating material is attached to the outer surface.

Four mold core pieces 31, 33, 35, 37
Is connected to a rod 43 of a piston 42 as a support member by a screw 39a. The piston 42 is housed in a cylinder tube 41 provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 40, and the cylinder tube 41 is
Is in communication with A coil spring 44 is disposed around the rod 43. When the pressure in the hollow chamber 50 decreases, the coil spring 44 operates to operate the four mold core pieces 31, 33, 3.
5, 37 are moved in the direction of the axis 40.

The two mold core pieces 32 and 34 are connected to a rod 45 as a pillar material penetrating the shaft 40 by a screw 39a, and a coil spring 46 is arranged around the rod 45. Therefore, the mold core pieces 32 and 34 are constantly urged radially outward of the shaft 40. Another two mold core pieces 3
The piston rods 6 and 38 are connected to a piston rod 47 as a support member by screws 39a, and the piston portion of the piston rod 47 is housed in the cylinder tube 48. The mold core pieces 36 and 38 are always urged radially outward of the shaft 40. As described above, the method of the rod 45 and the method of the piston rod 47 may be used in combination, but may be used independently.

FIG. 20 shows a piston 42 as a support member.
It is a detailed sectional view of the rod 43 of FIG. FIG. 20A shows a state in which the mold core piece 31 has completely moved toward the shaft 40, and FIG. 20B shows a state in which the mold core piece 31 has completely moved away from the shaft 40. .

FIG. 21 is a detailed sectional view of a rod 43 of a piston 42 as another example of a support member. FIG.
(A) shows a state in which the mold core piece 31 has been moved toward the shaft 40a, and FIG.
0a is shown. In this example, the shaft 40a is solid and the fluid to the tube cylinder 41 is supplied through a pressure pipe 58. Therefore,
If a plurality of pressure pipes 58 are provided, each mold core piece can be moved independently, so that the later-described time difference tool 51 becomes unnecessary. Further, in FIG.
Alternatively, the method shown in FIG. 21 may be used instead of the piston rod 47.

After the molding material is cured and the molding of the structural material is completed, when the fluid pressure in the hollow chamber 50 is released, the piston 4
When the pressing force of the coil spring 44 is reduced and the tensile force of the coil spring 44 becomes superior, the mold core pieces 31, 33, 35 and 37 are pulled in the direction of the shaft 40. At that time, the mold core pieces 32, 3 adjacent to those mold core pieces 31, 33, 35, 37
The behavior of 4, 36, 38 will be described below for two examples based on FIG.

The mold core material pieces 36 and 3 adjacent to the mold core material piece 37
A time difference tool 51 shown in an enlarged perspective view of FIG. At both ends of a mold core piece 37 that moves toward the axis 40 by releasing the fluid pressure, an angle 52 on which a pin 53 is erected is attached, and the mold core pieces 37 of the mold core pieces 36 and 38 are attached. A hinge 54 having a long hole 55 formed therein is attached to the side in contact with.

Therefore, when the mold core piece 37 moves in the direction of the shaft 40, the pin 53 of the angle 52 also moves in the elongated hole 55. Then, when both ends of the mold core piece 37 move to an inward position where the ends of the adjacent mold core pieces 36 and 38 do not touch each other, the pin 53 comes into contact with the arc portion of the elongated hole 55. After that, the mold core material piece 37 and the mold core material piece 3
6 and 38 both move in the direction of the axis 40. The hinge 54
Is unnecessary when the movement of the mold core piece 37 and the mold core pieces 36 and 38 is performed smoothly, and may be an angle. In addition,
In the case of this method, the angle of the dividing surface 59 may be a demolding angle.

Next, the behavior of the adjacent mold core pieces 32 and 34 when the mold core 33 moves in the direction of the axis 40 will be described. Since the division surface 59 between the mold core piece 33 and the adjacent mold core pieces 32 and 34 is at an angle to the moving direction of the mold core piece 33, when the mold core piece 33 starts moving. Due to the stress, the adjacent mold core pieces 32 and 34 are separated from each other by the dividing surface 59.
Slides into the mold core material piece 33. When the protrusion 39 of the mold core piece 33 moves inward from the inner surface of the structural material 10, the inner mold frame 30 can be removed from the structural material 10. Further, if a stopper 59a is provided on the mold core material piece 32, 34 side of the division surface 59 as necessary, the mold core material piece 32,
34 can be prevented from going outside.

FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an inner mold 60 for producing a hollow structural member having unevenness on the inner surface in another example. The inner mold frame 60 is divided into a plurality of mold core pieces and a molding layer piece held by the mold core pieces. FIG.
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the inner mold frame 60 has been expanded to a predetermined shape. At each end of the mold core piece 22p and 22r adjacent to the mold core piece 22q, an arc-shaped rod-shaped or plate-shaped spring 61 is fixedly provided by bolt welding, an adhesive or the like.

In order to reduce the inner mold frame 60, first, the mold core pieces 22p, 22p connected to the strut member 19 are formed.
r is started to move toward the shaft 16 by the link mechanism described above. At this time, stress is generated in the division surface 59, and as shown in FIG. 23B, the mold core piece 22q is pushed down and dive below the mold core pieces 22p and 22r. Therefore, since the mold core pieces 22p and 22r can be further moved toward the shaft 16, the inner mold frame 60 can be reduced to a predetermined size. From this state, the mold core material piece is
When the p and 22r are returned to the original molding positions, the mold core piece 22q is also automatically returned to the original position by the action of the spring 61. In this method, since the number of the support members 19 or the shafts 16 and 17 of the inner mold 60 can be reduced by half, the mechanism for expanding and contracting the inner mold 60 is simplified.

When the shaping layer piece 23q is formed of a disintegrating material, when the mold core pieces 22p and 22r start moving toward the shaft 16, the end faces of the mold core pieces 22p and 22r are Since it is compressed from both sides, it breaks and becomes amorphous as shown in FIG. Of course, it may be made amorphous by the external action as described above. Furthermore, modeling layer piece 2
If 3q and the mold core material 22q have appropriate strength, a shaping layer made of a disintegrating material may be used, or adjacent mold core pieces 22p, 22r and shaping layer pieces 23q, 2 made of a disintegrating material may be used.
If 2q is attached, the spring 61 is also unnecessary.

Next, a molding material for the structural material 10 is cast.
A method for removing the inner mold after curing is described. FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part for describing a method of detaching the inner mold frame 90 from the formed structural material 10. First, remove the upper outer formwork. Next, the shaping layer piece formed of the disintegrating material held by the mold core piece 94 is made amorphous. Then, the mold core pieces 93 and 94 are moved as described above,
The outer shape of the inner mold 90 is reduced. In FIG. 24, the mold core material pieces 94, the support members, and the like indicated by two-dot chain lines are not necessarily present in the same cross section, but are shown for reference. After reducing the outer shape of the inner mold 90, the outer mold may be removed.

Then, the inner mold 90 is pulled out from the structural material 10 while the lower and outer molds 91 are left. At this time, the bearing base 16
Since f is on the rails 92, rollers and the like, it can be easily pulled out. If necessary, the receiving base 16j may be inserted in the middle of the drawer, or the bearing base 16k may be additionally installed. Further, in order to shorten the curing time, the lower outer frame 91 may be pulled out while being attached to the structural material 10.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a main part for explaining a method of detaching an inner mold 90 of another example from a structural material. In this method, after the structural material is formed, the column material is actuated to bring each mold core piece closer to the axis of the inner mold with a time lag, to reduce the outer shape of the inner mold 90, and then to adjust the axis of the inner mold. And separating each mold core piece in the axial direction of the inner mold, and pulling out the inner mold from both sides of the formed structural material.

This method is the same as the example shown in FIG. 24, except that bearing stands 16f are provided on the left and right. This method can save time for detachment when the structural material 10 is long. The core material pieces 93,
A connector 95, 96 at 94 and a connector 98 at the shaft 97 of the inner formwork are provided on one or both sides of the separation point.

The material of the structural material formed using the mold of the present invention is concrete, mortar, synthetic resin, ceramics, or similar materials.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the axis of the form is arranged horizontally is described. However, the molding may be performed with the axis arranged vertically. Further, depending on the shape of the structural material, a centrifugal molding method may be employed.
In addition, when a modeling layer piece formed of a disintegrating material and a non-disintegrating material is used in combination, it is preferable that the shapes of the projections provided on both are the same, but they may be different. In addition, when a part or all of the disintegration material is covered with a mold core material having protrusions,
Remove the mold core from both sides or one side of the structural material while twisting. At this time, the mold core material may be one or divided into a plurality.

[0089]

Since the formwork of the present invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to use existing materials and to manufacture it at low cost. It is possible to use a hollow structural material having a complicated shape having irregularities on its inner surface, without difficulty.

In the method of releasing a mold according to the present invention, as described above, the use of the disintegrant material for a desired shaping layer does not require a large power, the mechanism is simplified, and the method can be used by non-experts. In addition to the above, the separation can be performed in a short time without any trouble, so that the production efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an outer perspective view showing an example of a structural material.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of a structural material.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of a structural material.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of a structural material.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the shape of the hollow portion of the structural material.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining a state in which the inner mold frame is composed of a mold core material and a molding layer.

7 is a perspective view of an inner mold frame in which the mold core material and the molding layer of FIG. 6 are assembled.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which the inner mold of FIG. 7 is placed on a lower outer mold.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which an upper mold is attached to a lower outer mold of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view just before a molded structural material is put into a curing room.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an inner mold is still built in a structural material of another example.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing another example of the structural material.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of an inner mold.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of another mold.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mold of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the outer shape of the inner mold is reduced after the molding material is filled in the mold of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mold of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example of a pin joint.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an inner mold for moving a mold core piece by fluid pressure.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view illustrating piston rod movement.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of piston rod movement.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a timepiece.

FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of an inner mold for explaining movement of a mold core material piece in another example.

FIG. 24 is an essential part cross-sectional view for explaining an example of a method of detaching the inner mold from the structural material.

FIG. 25 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for explaining another example of a method of detaching the inner mold from the structural material.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer frame 1a, 1b Outer frame 2 Inner frame 3 Projection 10 Structural material 21 Modeling layer 21a, 21b Modeling layer piece 22 Mold core material 22e, 22f, 22g, 22h, 22j, 22k, 2
2m, 22n, 22p, 22q, 22r core pieces 23a, 23b, 23e, 23f, 23g, 23h, 2
3j, 23k, 23m, 23n, 23p, 23q, 23
r Modeling layer piece 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 Mold core piece 39 Modeling layer piece 40 Shaft 90 Inner mold frame 91 Lower outer mold frame 93, 94 Mold core piece

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A mold for manufacturing a hollow structural material having irregularities on an inner surface, comprising: a tubular outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along an axial direction; It is composed of a cylindrical inner mold that is arranged at a predetermined interval inside the mold, and the inner mold is composed of a molding layer provided with projections for forming irregularities on the inner surface of the structural material. And a part or the whole of the shaping layer is formed of a collapsed material which becomes amorphous by an external action. 2. The mold according to claim 1, wherein the shaping layer is made of a disintegrating material or a non-disintegrating material. 3. A molding in which the inner mold frame has either a mold core material partially having projections for forming irregularities on the inner surface of the structural material or a mold core material not having the projections, and a projection partially or wholly. The mold according to claim 1, wherein the mold is constituted by a layer. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the projection provided on one or both of the shaping layer and the mold core is a single or multiple thread. Formwork described. 5. The mold according to claim 1, wherein the shaping layer is divided into a plurality of shaping layer pieces along the axial direction. 6. The mold according to claim 1, wherein the mold core is divided into a plurality of mold core pieces along the axial direction. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of shaping layer pieces divided along the axial direction are made of one or more kinds of disintegrating materials. Formwork described. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mold core pieces of the plurality of inner molds divided along the axial direction are movable in the radial direction of the inner mold. The formwork according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. The air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising means for preventing air from remaining on the outer surface of the inner mold.
The formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. After filling the molding material into the mold using a mold consisting of the following, the inner mold of the molded product is left, and after curing a part or all of the outer mold as it is, , In removing the formwork,
A method for releasing a mold, wherein the mold is the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. After filling the molding material into the mold using a mold consisting of, the inner mold of the molded product is left, and after curing with the outer mold removed, the inner mold is removed. A method for removing a mold, wherein the mold is the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 12. A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along an axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. After filling the molding material into the mold using a mold consisting of and curing the molded product, the inner mold is left as it is or reduced, and the inner mold is removed from one side of the mold. , The mold is claim 1
A method for releasing a mold, comprising the mold according to any one of claims 9 to 9. 13. A cylindrical outer mold divided into a plurality of mold pieces along the axial direction, and a cylindrical inner mold arranged at a predetermined interval inside the outer mold. After filling the molding material into the mold using a mold consisting of and curing the molded product, the inner mold is left as it is or reduced, and the inner mold is removed from both sides of the mold. , The mold is claim 1
A method for releasing a mold, comprising the mold according to any one of claims 9 to 9.