JPH11252701A - Contact loss compensating device for vehicle power source - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the size and weight of a contact loss compensating device for vehicle power source through a simple constitution. SOLUTION: A contact loss compensating capacitor 8 is connected to the power source of a vehicle via a switch circuit 9, and the switch circuit 9 is constituted in such a way that the switching of the circuit 9 is controlled by means of a control circuit 11. Since the circuit 11 controls the switching of the switch circuit 9 based on the voltage applied across the capacitor 8, the voltage supplied to the capacitor 8 can be suppressed to a preset voltage or lower, miniaturizing and weight reduction of the contact loss compensating capacitor 8 are made possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for compensating the disconnection of a vehicle power supply provided for preventing an instantaneous power failure of a vehicle power supply, and more particularly to a vehicle capable of reducing the size and weight of a disconnection compensation capacitor. The present invention relates to a device for compensating for the disconnection of a power supply.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicular power supply equipped with a derailment compensator is configured as shown in FIG. That is, the overhead line voltage, that is, the train line voltage supplied from the pantograph 1 is supplied to the inverter 4 via the reactor 2 and the diode 3, and the AC output from the inverter 4 is supplied to the transformer 6.
Is supplied to the electric motor 6 as a load via the motor. A capacitor 7 is connected in parallel to the input side of the inverter 4, and the capacitor 7 and the reactor 2 form an LC filter. The inverter 4 includes a transistor and a G
TO or IGBT (Insulated Gate)
It is composed of a switch element such as a Bipolar Transistor.

[0003] The capacitance value of the capacitor 7 constituting the filter is determined based on a filter constant required for vehicle power supply control, a life determined by a ripple current of the capacitor 7, and the like. It is required that the power supply for use has a large value that does not cause a power failure.

Therefore, in order to prevent an instantaneous power failure of the vehicle power supply, a decoupling capacitor 8 is separately connected in parallel with the capacitor 7 so that a large capacitance value is obtained on the input side of the inverter 4. .

Therefore, the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 forming such a disconnection compensating device is selected to have a capacity large enough to secure the output for a certain time even if the input is cut off due to the disconnection. One overhead wire voltage is rated at 1500V
Changes from about 900 V to about 2400 V, the withstand voltage specification of the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 is the maximum value of 2
It was necessary to satisfy 400V.

[0006]

Generally, the external dimensions and weight of a capacitor are determined by its capacitance value and withstand voltage specification. Therefore, by reducing the voltage applied to the capacitor, the size and weight of the capacitor can be reduced.

As described above, in the conventional vehicle power supply derailment compensator, the variation range of the overhead wire voltage, which is the vehicle power supply, is from about 900 V to about 24
Since the voltage changes to 00V, the capacitor for compensation for disconnection is 24
Since a withstand voltage specification of 00 V is required, which leads to an increase in the outer dimensions and weight, improvement has been demanded.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, a first aspect of the present invention is a derailment compensator for a vehicle power supply for introducing a line voltage and supplying power to a load via an inverter. A disconnection compensation capacitor, which is connected in parallel through a circuit and is supplied with the power line voltage, a voltage detector that detects a voltage supplied to the disconnection compensation capacitor, and a voltage signal detected by the voltage detector is introduced. A control circuit for controlling the switch circuit, wherein the control circuit turns off the switch circuit when a voltage supplied to the disconnection compensation capacitor exceeds a preset voltage value. Is controlled.

As described above, in the first invention, the voltage detector detects the line voltage supplied to the decoupling compensation capacitor, and the control circuit controls the switch circuit connected in series to the decoupling capacitor. As a result, the voltage applied to the decoupling compensation capacitor can be suppressed to a predetermined voltage value or less, and the value of the withstanding voltage specification of the decoupling compensation capacitor can be reduced, and the size and weight can be reduced. it can.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a derailment compensating device for a vehicle power supply, which also introduces a line voltage and supplies power to a load via an inverter.
And a transformer connected to the output terminal of the inverter, and a rectifier connected to the secondary side of the transformer. A second switch circuit connected between the output side of the rectifier and the decoupling capacitor, and detecting the trolley line voltage to control the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit. And a control circuit.

[0011] The second invention device comprises a first circuit connected in series to a decoupling compensation capacitor in accordance with the detected line voltage.
Further, since the second switch circuit is controlled, the voltage applied to the decoupling compensation capacitor can be suppressed to a predetermined voltage value or less, as in the first invention. In particular, since the decoupling capacitor is connected from the output side of the inverter via the transformer, the charging voltage is stabilized, and the control of the first switch circuit by the control circuit makes it possible to control the voltage of the train line due to the decoupling. And the motor can be driven smoothly.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a derailment compensator for a vehicle power supply that also introduces a line voltage and supplies power to a load via an inverter. A disconnection compensating capacitor connected and supplied with a power line voltage, a transformer connected to an output terminal of the inverter, a rectifier connected to a secondary side of the transformer, an output side of the rectifier, It is characterized by comprising a switch circuit connected between the conductor and the capacitor for compensating for disconnection, and a control circuit for detecting the line voltage and controlling the switch circuit.

In the device of the third invention, the decoupling capacitor is connected from the output side of the inverter via the transformer as well as the second invention, so that the charging voltage is stabilized. Since the discharge circuit from the decoupling compensation capacitor is formed by a diode, the size and weight of the decoupling compensation capacitor can be reduced with a simple circuit configuration.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a derailment compensating device for a vehicle power supply for similarly introducing a line voltage and supplying power to a load via an inverter. Connected to the power supply line, a disconnection compensation capacitor to which a power line voltage is supplied, a control circuit that detects the power line voltage and controls the switch circuit, a battery mounted on the vehicle, and an output terminal of the battery. It is characterized by comprising another connected inverter, a transformer connected to the output terminal of the other inverter, and a rectifier connected between the output terminal of the transformer and the disconnection compensation capacitor. And

In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the disconnection compensating capacitor is configured to be charged by the output from the battery. Therefore, charging due to overvoltage is reliably avoided, and the size and weight of the disconnection compensating capacitor can be reduced. Since it can be easily realized and the switch circuit is controlled by the control circuit,
It is possible to cope with a decrease in the electric line voltage due to the disconnection, and similarly, it is possible to realize smooth driving of the electric motor.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. Note that the same components as those of the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a device according to a first embodiment. A pantograph 1 is connected to an inverter 4 via a reactor 2 and a diode 3, and an AC output of the inverter 4 is supplied to a motor 6 via a transformer 5. Supplied. A capacitor 7 forming an LC filter is connected in parallel to the input side of the inverter 4, and a capacitor 8 for disconnection compensation is connected in parallel to this capacitor 7 via a switch circuit 9 at an introduction portion of the line voltage. Line voltage is being supplied.

The switch circuit 9 includes a switch element 91 made of an IGBT or the like, and a diode 92 connected in parallel to the switch element 91 in the opposite polarity.

Further, a voltage detector 10 for detecting a supplied line voltage is connected to the disconnection compensating capacitor 8, and an output signal of the voltage detector 10 is introduced to the switch element 9 of the switch circuit 9. A control circuit 11 for switching control of the switch 91 is connected. This control circuit 1
A comparator 1 compares an output voltage from the voltage detector 10 with a preset reference value voltage, for example, 2000 V.
11 and a gate circuit 112 for supplying a switching gate signal to the switch element 91 based on a signal from the comparator 111.

With the above configuration, the voltage of the train line is reduced as shown in FIG.
When it changes as shown, the control circuit 12 derives a switching signal with a threshold of 2000 V as shown in FIG. 2B, and controls the switching of the switch element 91.

As a result, when the power line voltage supplied to the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 increases and exceeds 2000 V, as shown in FIG.
Is controlled to be turned off (OFF), so that application of an overvoltage to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is avoided.

As described above, the switch element 91 operates so as to be turned on (ON) when the set value is 2000 V or less and to be turned off when the set value is 2000 V or more. At the same time, the diode 92 is connected in parallel with the opposite polarity to the switch element 91. Therefore, when the power line voltage becomes lower than the voltage of the disconnection compensation capacitor 8, the energy of the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is supplied to the inverter 4 via the diode 92.

As described above, the input voltage to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is monitored, and when the input voltage exceeds a certain value,
Since the switch circuit 9 inserted in the previous stage of the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 operates so as to be turned off, the voltage applied to the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 can be suppressed to a certain set value or less. It is not necessary to set the withstand voltage specification of the capacitor 8 high, and the size and weight of the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 can be reduced.

In the first embodiment, even if there is no disconnection in the pantograph 1, if the power line voltage drops for some reason, the energy stored in the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 is discharged to the inverter 4. It can also be configured to discharge only when it is determined.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the vehicle power supply derailment compensating device according to the present invention, which is configured to discharge the voltage stored in the derailing compensation capacitor 8 only when it is determined that the derailment has occurred. This will be described below.

In the second embodiment, a switch circuit 12 is provided in place of the switch circuit 9 in the first embodiment, and the switch circuit 12 includes two serially connected polarities opposite to each other. Switch elements 121, 122
, And diodes 123 and 124 are connected in parallel to the switch elements 121 and 122, respectively, with opposite polarities.

Of the two switch elements 121 and 122, one switch element 121 is controlled by the control circuit 11 configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the other switch element 122 is It is configured to be controlled by the voltage detection of the voltage introduction part.

That is, the other switch element 122 is
The output of a voltage detector 13 connected to the pantograph 1 and detecting a line voltage is controlled by a control circuit 14. The control circuit 14 includes a comparator 141 and a gate circuit 142, and compares the power line voltage detected by the voltage detector 13 with a set voltage value (for example, 700 V) for estimating a disconnection in the comparator 141. When the value becomes equal to or smaller than the set value, the gate circuit 142 controls the other switch element 122 to be turned on.

As described above, even if there is no disconnection of the pantograph, the power line voltage may fluctuate from about 900 V to about 2400 V due to a change in a power supply state to another vehicle or the like. Therefore, in the second embodiment shown in FIG.
Only when the voltage detector 13 determines that there is a wire break, the high voltage stored in the wire break compensation capacitor 8 is discharged, and a long operation time as a vehicle power supply can be secured.

The energy stored in the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is large in proportion to the square of the voltage. Since the energy required to secure a certain amount of operating time as a vehicle power supply at the time of disconnection can be obtained with a relatively small capacity, the capacity of the separation line compensating capacitor 8 should be reduced to reduce the size and weight. Can be.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, charging of the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is performed from the side of the power line voltage introducing unit, but may be performed from the output side of the inverter 4. That is, the third aspect of the present invention, in which the capacitor 8 for disconnection compensation is charged from the output side of the inverter 4, is used.
Will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. The output side of the diode 3 of the power line voltage introduction unit is connected to the parallel-connected decoupling capacitor 8 via a diode 15 connected in series with the opposite polarity and a switch circuit 16 composed of an IGBT or the like. Have been.

On the other hand, a transformer 17 is connected to the output of the inverter 4.
The secondary side of the transformer 17 is connected to a rectifier 18,
Circuit 1 including switch elements such as IGBT and IGBT
9 is connected to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8.

As in the second embodiment, a control circuit 20 for controlling the switch circuits 16 and 19 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detector 13. The control circuit 20 includes a comparator 201 and two gate circuits 202,
The comparator 201 compares the power line voltage with a voltage value (for example, 700 V) estimated to be a disconnection, and when the detected voltage falls below the set value, the gate circuit 202.
Controls the third switch circuit 16 through the switch, and switches the switch element to the ON state.

At this time, the other gate circuit 203 receives the signal from the comparator 201 and switches the switch circuit 19.

Therefore, in the circuit shown in FIG. 4, the output of the inverter 4 is substantially constant, and the turns ratio of the transformer 17 is set in advance so that the voltage of the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 becomes about 2000 V.

Therefore, when there is no disconnection in the pantograph 1 of the train car, the switch circuit 16 is set to OFF and the switch circuit 19 is set to ON. In this state, the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is always set to about 2000 V as described above. Charged. Since the switch circuit 16 is off, no overvoltage is applied to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 even if the power line voltage exceeds 2000 V.

When the value detected by the voltage detector 13 becomes equal to or lower than a voltage estimated to be a disconnection, for example, 700 V or less, the comparator 201 and the gate circuit 202 switch the switch circuit 16 to the ON state. Is supplied to the inverter 4 and operates so as not to stop the vehicle power supply. At this time, the switch circuit 19 is controlled to be turned off by the other gate circuit 203, and is controlled so that the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 is not charged through the path via the transformer 17 and the rectifier 18.

As described above, it is conceivable that the power line voltage reaches 2400 V. However, according to the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 4, the voltage of the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is always suppressed to about 2000 V at the maximum. Disconnection compensation capacitor 8
It is possible to reduce the size and weight of

The charging voltage of the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is 2400 V, which is the rated voltage of the train line voltage of 1500.
By setting, for example, 2000 V between V and V, the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 can store necessary large energy with a small capacity, and can realize a reduction in size and weight of the disconnection compensating capacitor 8. it can.

In each of the first to third embodiments,
In each case, a switching circuit is provided between the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 and the power line voltage introduction unit. However, the device can be realized with a simpler circuit configuration without providing such a switching circuit.

That is, a fourth embodiment of the device of the present invention in which a diode is simply connected between the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 and the introduction portion of the power line voltage and the switching circuit is omitted is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

Explaining only the main differences from the third embodiment, the anode terminal of the diode 15 is directly connected to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 instead of the switch circuit 16 shown in FIG. It was configured as follows. Therefore, the control circuit 21 including the comparator 211 and the gate 212 is newly configured to control only the switch circuit 19 instead of the control circuit 20 shown in FIG.

Therefore, depending on the polarity of the connected diode 15, the discharge energy from the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is always supplied only to the input side of the inverter 4, and the control system corresponding to the switch circuit 16 in the third embodiment. Is unnecessary, so that the device can be simplified and downsized.

According to this embodiment, the transformer 1
6 is increased by increasing the winding resistance of the transformer 17.
In addition, the rectifier 18 can be reduced in size and weight.

That is, if a transformer having a small winding resistance is adopted as the transformer 17, the voltage fluctuation rate of the transformer 17 becomes small, and even when a large current flows, its secondary voltage is not so large. Since the capacitor 8 does not decrease, the capacitor 8 is charged more than necessary via the rectifier 18, and the charging current may flow to the capacitor 7 via the diode 15 even when the wire is not disconnected. On the other hand, if the transformer 17 having a large winding resistance is employed, the voltage fluctuation rate becomes large. Therefore, when the flowing current increases, the secondary voltage decreases, and the output voltage of the rectifier 18 also decreases. Is suppressed, the size and weight of the transformer 17 and the rectifier 18 can be reduced.

Next, in the third and fourth embodiments, the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 is connected to the inverter 4
Although it is configured to be charged from the battery, it may be configured to be charged from a battery (storage battery) separately mounted on the vehicle.

That is, a fifth embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention in which the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is charged from a battery mounted on a vehicle will be described below with reference to FIG.

First, a diode 15 and a switch circuit 16 are connected in series between the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 and the power line voltage introducing unit, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Voltage detector 13 and this voltage detector 1
The control circuit 21 is connected so as to control the gate of the switch circuit 16 by introducing the detection signal of No. 3 and outputting a control signal.

A battery 22 is mounted on the vehicle, and an output terminal of the battery 22 is configured to be connected to the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 via an inverter 23, a transformer 24, and a rectifier 18 in this order.

Accordingly, the output which has been made constant by the inverter 23 passes through the transformer 19 having a turns ratio set so that the voltage of the decoupling compensation capacitor 8 is always approximately constant at about 2000 V. The capacitor 8 is supplied and charged.

When there is no disconnection in the pantograph 1 of the vehicle, the switch circuit 17 is set to the off state by the control circuit 21. Therefore, the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 is always set to about 2000 V by the vehicle-mounted battery 22. Charged.

As described above, even if the power line voltage exceeds 2000 V due to the off state of the switch circuit 17,
An overvoltage is not applied to the disconnection compensation capacitor 8, and the size and weight of the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 can be reduced.

When the detected value of the voltage detector 13 is equal to or less than the estimated disconnection voltage, for example, 700 V, and the disconnection is detected, the control circuit 21 controls the switch circuit 17 to be turned on, so that the disconnection compensation is performed. The energy of the capacitor 8 is supplied to the switch circuit 17 and the diode 15
To the inverter 4 to prevent the power supply from being stopped.

Also in this embodiment, the charging voltage of the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 is set to 150 V, which is the rated voltage of the train line.
By setting the voltage to 2000 V higher than 0 V, the disconnection compensation capacitor 8 can store a large amount of energy with a small capacitance, and can be reduced in size and weight.

As described above, the device of the present invention is provided with a switch element such as GTO or IGBT or a diode on the input side of the disconnection compensation capacitor 8,
Since the applied voltage does not exceed the set value of 2000 V, the withstand voltage specification of the disconnection compensating capacitor 8 can be reduced, and the size and weight can be reduced.

[0055]

As described above, according to the device of the present invention, the size and weight of the derailment compensating device for a vehicle power supply can be reduced with a simple structure, and a remarkable effect can be obtained in practical use. Can be

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a derailment compensation device for a vehicle power supply according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a curve diagram showing operating characteristics of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a derailment compensation device for a vehicle power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a vehicle power supply derailment compensation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of the vehicle power supply derailment compensation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the vehicle power supply derailment compensation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional vehicle power supply derailment compensation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pantograph 2 Reactor 3, 15 Diode 4, 23 Inverter 5, 17, 24 Transformer 6 Electric motor 7 Capacitor 8 Decoupling compensation capacitor 9, 12, 16, 19 Switch circuit 10, 13 Voltage detector 11, 14, 20, 21 Control circuit 18 Rectifier 20 Rectifier 22 Battery

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A derailment compensator for a vehicle power supply for introducing an electric line voltage and supplying power to a load via an inverter, wherein the electric line line voltage introducing portion is connected in parallel via a switch circuit to the electric line voltage. And a voltage detector for detecting a voltage supplied to the capacitor, and a control circuit for introducing a voltage signal detected by the voltage detector and controlling the switch circuit. The vehicle power supply, wherein the control circuit controls the switch circuit to be turned off when a voltage supplied to the disconnection compensation capacitor exceeds a preset voltage value. Wire breakage compensator. 2. The switch circuit is composed of two switch elements connected in series with opposite polarities, one switch element is controlled by the control circuit, and the other switch element is an input part of the train line voltage. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to be controlled by the detection voltage. 3. A derailment compensator for a vehicle power supply that introduces a line voltage and supplies power to a load via an inverter, wherein the device is connected in parallel to a line voltage introduction unit via a first switch circuit. A transformer connected to an output terminal of the inverter, a rectifier connected to a secondary side of the transformer, and a capacitor connected between an output side of the rectifier and the capacitor. A second switch circuit, and a control circuit for detecting the line voltage and controlling the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit. apparatus. 4. A disconnection compensating device for a vehicle power supply for introducing a line voltage and supplying power to a load via an inverter, wherein the line compensating device is connected in parallel to a line voltage introducing section via a diode. A capacitor; a transformer connected to an output terminal of the inverter; a rectifier connected to a secondary side of the transformer; and a switch circuit connected between an output side of the rectifier and the decoupling capacitor. And a control circuit for detecting the line voltage and controlling the switch circuit. 5. A disconnection compensation device for a vehicle power supply that introduces a line voltage and supplies power to a load via an inverter, wherein the line compensation is connected in parallel to a line voltage introduction section via a switch circuit. A control circuit for detecting the line voltage and controlling the switch circuit; a battery mounted on the vehicle; another inverter connected to an output terminal of the battery; An apparatus for compensating for a disconnection of a vehicle power supply, comprising: a transformer connected to an output terminal; and a rectifier connected between the output terminal of the transformer and the disconnection compensation capacitor.