JPH11237181A - Drying method for grain - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dry grains while protecting them against overdry or flaw by detecting relatively undried grains while measuring the moisture in the grains in the way of discharge and discharging only dried grains quickly thereby controlling the drying operation depending on the residual quantity of undried grains and the moisture. SOLUTION: The method for drying grains comprises a step for measuring the moisture of grains dried by a grain dryer in the way of discharge every predetermined time, a step for making a switch from discharge operation to circulatory ventilating operation upon detecting a grain moisture exceeding a finish moisture by a moisture width determined arbitrarily, and a step for making a switch to discharge operation upon detecting a grain moisture within an arbitrarily determined moisture width from the finish moisture by a first specified number of times continuously after switching is made to circulatory ventilating operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cereal drying method in which cereal grains are allowed to flow down while being exposed to hot air and further circulated for drying.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are the following conventional grain drying methods in which the moisture of a grain discharged from a dryer is measured and there is an undried grain higher than a reference moisture.

[0003] For example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-34073, when a dried grain is discharged to a milling machine connected to a grain dryer, a moisture meter in a brown rice outflow passage of a huller is attached, and the measured value of the moisture meter is preset. An operation method is disclosed in which the dryer is switched from discharge to drying when the moisture value becomes higher than the moisture value. Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-313681, when brown rice obtained by milling rice grains dried by a grain dryer with a rice huller has a finishing moisture or more, the brown rice is reduced to a dryer, and the brown rice is dried by the dryer. There is disclosed an operation system for drying hot air.

[0004]

In the conventional drying method,
When the moisture value of the grain discharged from the dryer exceeds the finish moisture value, the drying system is switched from discharge to drying or the operation method is to return the grain to the dryer. Just because the grain moisture exceeds the finish moisture does not mean that all the grains in the drying unit exceed the finish moisture, and if the grain is dried again, the grains below the finish moisture are expected to be over-dried. It is. Further, in the case of a system in which a grain is dried by a large-sized drying device and stored in a silo, it is very difficult to re-input only a grain having a high water content among grains transferred and stored in the silo to the drying device. From the above, it is possible to detect relatively undried cereals while measuring cereal moisture in the process of discharging, discharge only dried cereals as soon as possible, and control drying according to the remaining amount of undried cereals and the moisture value. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for drying a grain which does not generate excessively dried grains and enables grain drying without spots.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, drying and circulating the grain while flowing down the grain, measuring the moisture of the grain in the course of circulation with a moisture meter, and discharging the grain below the finish moisture value. In the device, the process of measuring the moisture of the grain during the discharge of the grain after drying at regular intervals, and from the discharge operation to the circulation ventilation operation when detecting a grain moisture value exceeding a moisture value range arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value. Switching process and after switching to circulation ventilation operation,
A step of switching to a discharging operation when a grain moisture value within a moisture value range arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value is continuously detected for a first predetermined number of times, and a means for solving the problem by providing a grain drying method comprising: And

[0006] When the grain moisture value is greater than an arbitrarily determined moisture value range from the finish moisture value, the process of stopping grain discharge and repeating ventilation drying, and the grain moisture value after switching to ventilation drying, When the grain moisture within the moisture value range arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value is detected multiple times in succession, the process of switching to the discharging operation is repeatedly performed,
On the discharge side, it is possible to discharge only grains having a water value range arbitrarily determined in the finished water value. According to claim 2, in the grain drying method of claim 1,
After switching to the circulation ventilation operation, the grain drying method includes a step of outputting an abnormal signal when a grain moisture value equal to or more than a moisture value width arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value is continuously detected for a second specified number of times.

Detecting a grain moisture value equal to or greater than a moisture value width arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value a specified number of times or more determines that there is a large amount of undried grains. Usually, a large amount of undried grains cannot exist, and in such a case, an abnormal signal can be output to prompt inspection of the apparatus. According to a third aspect, in the grain drying method according to the first or second aspect, the moisture value is measured by increasing the measurement interval in proportion to the storage level of the drying device. In grain drying, it was experimentally found that high moisture grains were not discharged in the early stage of discharge even if high moisture grains were present, and were relatively biased in the latter half. Therefore, the grain level is detected in the early stage of discharge and the interval of the moisture measurement is lengthened at the storage level where the grain level is high, and the discharge operation is performed quickly with negligible moisture fluctuation, and the moisture measurement is performed at the storage level where the grain level is low. The discharge operation is performed by shortening the interval and increasing the detection accuracy.

[0008] Further, assuming that high-moisture grains are present, if high-moisture grains are detected relatively late in the discharging operation and an abnormal signal is output, the storage level is low at this time, and in the case of re-drying after the abnormal signal, it is natural. The interval of the moisture measurement is changed to a shorter interval according to the storage level. If the interval of the moisture measurement is changed to a short interval, the frequency of the moisture value measurement increases, and the grain can be dried carefully.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the grain drying method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the arbitrarily determined moisture value width is increased in proportion to the storage level of the drying device. did. In grain drying, it was experimentally found that high moisture grains were not discharged in the early stage of discharge even if high moisture grains were present, and were relatively biased in the latter half. Therefore, the grain level is detected in the early stage of discharge and the grain level is increased at the storage level where the grain level is high. At the storage level, the moisture value range in the moisture measurement is reduced to increase the detection accuracy, and the discharging operation is performed without overlooking the high moisture grain.

[0010] Further, assuming that a high moisture grain is present, if a high moisture grain is detected relatively late in the discharging operation and an abnormal signal is output, the storage level is low at this time, and in the drying after the abnormal signal, this level is low. The water width in the water measurement is changed to a small value according to the storage level. If the water value range is changed to a small value, the drying operation will be carefully proceeded so that the drying will be within the small water value range.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as a grain drying method in which a stored grain is exposed to hot air while flowing down and is repeatedly circulated and dried.
In the present embodiment, based on an arbitrary storage level of 7 tons of the storage amount of the grain drying apparatus of 20 tons, and at a storage amount exceeding the arbitrary storage level, the specified time for measuring the grain moisture is set to 8 minutes and the finish moisture value is set. In the case of a storage amount below an arbitrary storage level, the prescribed time for measuring the grain moisture is 4 minutes, and the moisture value range for the finish moisture value is 2%.

The flow of the method for drying a grain of the present invention at a storage amount of 20 tons exceeding an arbitrary storage level is shown. 1-Store 20 tons of grain over any storage level of 7 tons, dry with a dryer programmed to bring the moisture of the grain to be dried to the final moisture value, and switch the dryer to a drain operation. 1- Since the storage amount is 20 tons of cereal exceeding the arbitrary storage level, the water value of the discharged cereal is measured at 8-minute intervals. 1- The storage level is measured, and when the storage level is below an arbitrary storage level, the flow is changed to a flow where the storage level is below the predetermined level. 1- When a grain moisture value exceeding a moisture value width 5% arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value from the grain being discharged is detected a specified number of times,
The discharge is stopped and switched to circulation ventilation drying. 1- After switching to the ventilation drying, when a grain moisture value within 5% of the moisture value width arbitrarily determined from the finishing moisture value is continuously detected from the circulating grains a plurality of times, the drying device switches to the discharging operation. And return to 1-〓. 1-1 After switching to the ventilation drying of 1-, when continuously detecting a grain moisture value exceeding the moisture value width 5% arbitrarily determined from the finishing moisture value from the circulating grains a plurality of times or more, the drying apparatus detects an abnormal signal. Is output. After switching to the discharging operation according to 1-1, a water value width 5 arbitrarily determined from the finishing water value from the grain being discharged again.
When a grain moisture value of more than% is detected, 1-〓 is executed. Next, the flow in the case where the grain drying method of the present invention has a storage amount of 6 tons below an arbitrary storage level will be described. 2- Store 6 tons of grain below any 7 tons storage level, dry with a dryer programmed to bring the moisture of the grain to be dried to the final moisture value, and switch the dryer to a drain operation. 2-Since the storage amount is 6 tons of cereal less than the desired storage level, the moisture value of the discharged cereal is measured at 4 minute intervals. 2- When the grain moisture value exceeding the moisture value width 2% arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value from the grain being discharged is detected a specified number of times,
The discharge is stopped and switched to circulation ventilation drying. 2- After switching to the ventilation drying, when the grain moisture value within 2% of the moisture value range arbitrarily determined from the finishing moisture value is continuously detected from the circulating grains a plurality of times, the drying device switches to the discharging operation. And return to 2-. 2-2 After switching to the ventilation drying of 2-, when the grain moisture value exceeding the moisture value width 2% arbitrarily determined from the finishing moisture value from the circulating grains is continuously detected plural times or more, the drying device detects an abnormal signal. Is output. 2-2 After being switched to the discharging operation according to 2-, the water value width 2 arbitrarily determined from the finishing water value from the grain being discharged again.
When a grain moisture value of more than% is detected, 2-〓 is performed. As described above, the measurement interval and moisture range are changed according to the storage level, so that when the storage amount is large, it can be discharged as soon as possible, and when the storage level becomes low, it can be carefully discharged. did. It should be noted that the moisture value width, the measurement interval, the specified number of times, the number of continuous detections, the storage level, and the like shown here are merely examples, and should be changed according to the actual situation.

[0013]

FIG. 2 shows an example of a grain drying apparatus according to the present invention.
4 to FIG. FIG. 2 shows a side view of the grain drying apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the grain drying apparatus 1 includes a storage tank 4 having a storage unit 2 at an upper part and a drying part 3 at a lower part.
An elevator 5 that conveys the grains discharged from the lower part of the storage tank 4 above the storage tank; and a switching valve 7 that switches the discharge part 6 of the elevator 5 to two ports from the front view of the elevator 5 shown in FIG. In the lower part of the storage tank 4 of the grain drying apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2, a valve unit 8 for intermittently discharging the grains, a transport unit 9 for horizontally transporting the grains discharged from the valve apparatus 8 to the elevator 5 and a drying unit 3 are provided. And a hot air device (not shown) for generating hot air to be sent. Grain drying equipment 1
A moisture measuring device 10 for measuring the moisture of the grain by a sample is provided below. Further, a level gauge 11 is provided in the middle of the storage tank 4 so that the level of the grain can be detected.

In such a configuration, the grain drying apparatus 1
The grain introduced into the storage tank 4 flows down by the operation of the valve device 8, is intermittently discharged, is transported to the elevator 5 by the transport device 9, and is again loaded into the storage tank 4. The hot air generated by the hot air device (not shown) in the drying unit 3 is circulated from the air passages 12a to 12b to dry the grains while the grains flow down by the operation of the valve device 8, and the grains are dried between the grains in the storage unit 2. Grains are dried on average by moisture transfer (tempering). During the drying, the moisture measurement device 10 periodically samples the grain to measure the moisture of the grain.

When the grain is dried in this way and the moisture measurement device 10 confirms that the grain has been dried to the specified moisture value, the switching valve 7 is switched to discharge the grain to the outside 13 of the machine.

The control according to the present invention is based on the grain drying apparatus 1.
The control device 14 (or a control device other than the grain drying device) may be used, and the moisture measuring device 10 and the level meter 11, which are devices necessary for grain drying, are electrically connected to the control device 14. In addition, the control device 14 controls the switching of the switching valve 7 and the driving of the valve device 8, the transfer device 9, and the hot air device 15. The control device 14
Is provided with a storage unit 16 for storing a moisture measurement interval, a moisture value width, and the like, which are changed according to the grain level.

When the drying is completed, the controller 14 switches the switching valve 7 to the outside 13 to start discharging. To start, the controller 14 obtains from the level meter 11 information on whether the grain is above or below the reference level of 7 tons. During the discharge, the grain moisture is measured by the moisture measuring device 10,
The moisture value of the discharged grain is monitored from the measured value of the moisture measuring device 10 and the moisture value width determined by the grain level in the storage device 16. Control device 14 even during discharge
Monitors the level meter 11, and controls to switch the discharge control flow depending on whether the amount is equal to or higher than the storage level or less than the storage level. Here, storage level 7
The case where the amount exceeds tons will be described.

The monitoring of the grain moisture is performed at intervals of 8 minutes. If the grain moisture value exceeds an arbitrary moisture value range of 5% based on the finish moisture value during grain discharge, that is, the grain having a high moisture content is monitored. As soon as is detected, the controller 14 switches the switching valve 7 to the storage tank 4 side and restarts the circulation ventilation drying. In this drying, if the measured value within 5% of the moisture value width based on the finished moisture value is continuous a plurality of times, for example, twice, in the drying, the switching valve 7 is switched to the outside 13 side and the discharge is started again. I do. Even at the discharge here, the moisture value of the grain is monitored, and if the moisture value exceeds the moisture value range of 5%, it is switched to the circulation ventilation drying again. Further, if it is detected that the moisture value exceeds the moisture value width 5% continuously, for example, four times or more during the circulation ventilation drying switched during the discharge,
It is determined that a large amount of high-moisture cereal exists, and the abnormality of the cereal drying device 1 is notified.

When the controller 14 detects from the level meter 11 that the amount of cereal is smaller than the reference level, the control is basically the same as described above, except that the water monitoring interval is performed every four minutes and the cereal is monitored. If the measured moisture content during discharge exceeds an arbitrary moisture value range of 2% based on the finish moisture, it is switched to circulation ventilation drying. In this drying, if the measured value within the moisture value range of 2% or less based on the finished moisture value in the drying is repeated a plurality of times, for example, twice, the switching valve 7 is switched to the outside 13 and the discharge is started again. I do. Even at the discharge here, the moisture value of the grain is monitored, and if the moisture value exceeds the moisture value range of 2%, it is switched to the circulation ventilation drying again. In addition, if it is detected that the moisture value exceeds the moisture value width 2% continuously, for example, four times or more during the circulation ventilation drying switched during the discharge, it is determined that a large amount of high moisture grain is present. Then, the abnormality of the grain drying device 1 is notified.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the storage level, the moisture value width and the measurement interval are uniquely represented. However, it is not possible to provide a plurality of storage levels or set the moisture value and the measurement interval in the same manner. It should be changed according to the actual situation.

[0021]

As described above, in the discharge step of the dried grain drying apparatus, even if there is any undried portion in the grain, it can be detected and immediately switched to circulation ventilation drying. After switching to circulation ventilation drying, discharge can be started again if a certain standard is satisfied. Since the grain moisture is constantly monitored, the circulation and discharge can be switched according to the change in the grain moisture, so that a large amount of undried grain is not mixed.

Also, the control of the measurement interval and the moisture value width in drying and discharging are changed depending on the amount of stored grain, so that the grain can be discharged quickly when the amount of grain is large, and the grain can be discharged when the amount of grain is small. By monitoring the moisture closely, it was possible to discharge the grain with the correct moisture value.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of control according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of the grain drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part showing a switching valve of an elevator of the grain dryer.

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain drying apparatus 2 Storage part 3 Drying part 4 Storage tank 5 Elevator 6 Discharge part 7 Switching valve 8 Valve device 9 Transport device 10 Moisture measuring device 11 Level meter 12 Airway 13 Outside machine 14 Control device 15 Hot air device 16 Storage part

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) drying and circulating a grain while flowing down the grain;
A drying apparatus that measures the moisture of the grain during circulation by a moisture meter and discharges the grain at a level equal to or less than a finish moisture value, wherein a step of measuring the moisture of the grain during the grain discharge after drying at regular intervals; and The process of switching from the discharging operation to the circulation ventilation operation when detecting a grain moisture value exceeding the moisture value width defined in the above, and after switching to the circulation ventilation operation, the grain moisture value within the moisture value range arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value is changed. Switching to a discharge operation when the first predetermined number of consecutive detections are performed, and a method for drying the grain. 2. After switching to the circulation ventilation operation, a grain moisture value not less than a moisture value width arbitrarily determined from the finish moisture value is set to a second value.
2. The grain drying method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of outputting an abnormal signal when the signal is detected continuously for a specified number of times. 3. The grain drying method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement of the moisture value is performed by increasing a measurement interval in proportion to the storage level of the drying device. 4. The grain drying method according to claim 1, wherein the water value range arbitrarily determined is increased in proportion to the storage level of the drying device.