JPS62268983A - Drying controller for cereal grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an improvement in a grain dryer that dries grain while circulating it inside the machine.

(Prior art) When harvested grains are dried using this type of device, the grains are placed in a storage chamber, then led to a drying chamber to be dried, and then returned to the storage chamber again. The grains are dried while being circulated.

During drying, the moisture value of the grain is measured using a moisture meter, the rate of change in the moisture value per unit time (hereinafter referred to as the drying rate) is detected, and this detected drying rate is compared to a predetermined standard drying rate. The hot air temperature is compared with the reduction rate, and the hot air temperature is set according to the comparison result so that the two match. Then, the heat amount of the burner, which is the drying heat source, was controlled so that the set hot air temperature was achieved.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, when the detected drying rate does not reach the target standard drying rate, the set hot air temperature is changed to a higher value based on a command to increase the hot air temperature in the hot air chamber. The combustion of the burner is controlled under this higher set hot air temperature.

Even if drying is performed by increasing the set hot air temperature in this way, there is no particular problem when the grain has a low moisture value.

However, when drying is performed by increasing the set hot air temperature above a certain limit, especially when the grain has a high moisture value, there has been a problem that the grain temperature increases and the taste deteriorates.

In view of these points, it is an object of the present invention to set an upper limit value for the set hot air temperature related to drying rate control so as not to exceed the upper limit value, and to set the upper limit value according to the moisture content of the grains. The purpose is to improve the taste of grains without particularly reducing drying efficiency.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, as shown in FIG. a drying rate comparison means B that compares the detected drying rate detected by the drying rate detecting means A and a reference drying rate obtained from the reference drying rate generating means C; 8 wind temperature calculation means for calculating a hot air temperature such that the detected drying loss rate matches the reference drying loss rate according to the comparison result of the drying loss rate comparison means B; and a hot air temperature calculation means according to the moisture value of the moisture meter. If the hot air temperature upper limit changing means F for changing the upper limit of temperature compares the hot air temperature calculated by the hot air temperature calculating means with the upper limit, the calculated hot air temperature is lower than the upper limit. a hot air temperature determining means E that determines a target hot air temperature equal to the calculated hot air temperature, or to the upper limit value if it exceeds the hot air temperature; and a target hot air temperature determined by the hot air temperature determining means E. As shown in FIG.

(Function) That is, in the present invention, when the drying rate comparison means B compares the detected drying rate and the reference drying rate, and as a result of the comparison, a command to increase the hot air temperature is issued, The hot air temperature calculation means calculates a hot air temperature higher than the current value.

When the calculated hot air temperature exceeds the upper limit value predetermined according to the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 20, the hot air temperature determining means E regulates the hot air temperature to the upper limit value.

The drying heat source control means G controls the amount of heat of the burner, which is the drying heat source H, so that the regulated hot air temperature is achieved.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grain dryer embodying the present invention. Reference numeral 1 indicates a storage chamber of the dryer, and two pairs of flow grain plates 2 are installed at the bottom of the storage chamber so that the interval becomes narrower as it goes downward. The grain chamber 3 is formed by each grain board 2 and installed at an angle.

Two mesh plates 4 as perforated plates are connected in parallel to each lower side of the flow board 2, and a drying chamber 5 is formed between them. and,
A hot air chamber 6 is formed in which a burner 10 as a drying heat source is installed between two inner mesh plates provided near the center of the storage chamber 1.
An exhaust chamber 8 is formed between two outer mesh plates 4.4 and left and right machine walls 7, and is connected to an exhaust fan 9 of the exhaust chamber 8.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a grain collection room formed in the shape of a gutter, and a cross-feeding helix 12 is installed at the bottom of the grain collection room, the end of which is connected to the lower entrance of the elevator at3. Reference numeral 14 denotes a rotary valve pivotally supported at the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5, and its rotation causes the grains in the storage chamber 1 to flow out through the drying chamber 5 into the grain collection chamber 11.

The upper outlet of the elevator 13 is connected to a grain feeding helix 15 installed on the ceiling of the storage room 1, and the exit of this grain feeding helix 15 extends into the storage room 1.

Reference numeral 21 denotes an outside temperature sensor attached to the wall 7 of the vacuum machine to measure outside air temperature, and 22 denotes an outside air temperature sensor attached to the wall 71 of the machine to measure outside air humidity.
This is the installed outside air humidity sensor. Further, 20 is a moisture meter that measures the moisture content (moisture value) of the grains during drying, and is installed in the flowing grain room 3.

23 is a grain temperature sensor installed in the grain flow chamber 3 to measure the temperature of the grain; 24 is an exhaust temperature sensor installed in the ventilation chamber 8;
5 is a hot air temperature sensor installed in the hot air chamber 6. Also 26
27 is a fuel pump that supplies fuel to the burner 10;
is a fuel valve that adjusts the fuel supplied to the burner 10.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 30 is a CPU in the form of a microprocessor.
(Central processing unit), which makes various judgments as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and controls each component as described later.

Reference numeral 31 denotes an operation input setting device on which, for example, a drying button, a tensioning button, an ejection button, a stop button, etc. are arranged, and is connected to the CPU 30 via an input circuit 32. Also, moisture meter 2
0 and each of the sensors 21 to 25 are connected to the CPU 30 via the A/D converter 33.

34 is a display section connected to the CPU 30 via an output circuit 35, and this display section 34 performs various displays.

361; a read-only memory (ROM) that stores control means for the CPU 30 to control each component;
637 to 39, which are storage devices consisting of a random access φ memory (RAM) for temporarily storing various data such as measurement data, are output circuits connected to the CPU 30, and the output circuit 37 includes a transport motor 40, a heater 41, and the moisture meter motor 42 are connected to the output circuit 3.
The fan motor 43 is connected to the output circuit 39, and the fuel pump 26 is connected to the output circuit 39.

Next, an example of the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When drying is started, the grains packed in the storage chamber 1 are led to the drying chamber 5 and dried, and then returned to the storage chamber 1 via the elevator 13 and the like to be tempered.

Then, as shown in step S1 in FIG. 4, when the drying control according to the present invention is started, the moisture meter 20 is operated, and the current moisture value of the grain is detected from the measurement data of the moisture meter 20. (Step S2). In step S3, the measurement data of the grain temperature sensor 23 is read, and the grain temperature (grain temperature) is measured.
Detect.

Next, in step S4, an upper limit value of the hot air temperature used in step SIO, which will be described later, is set based on the current moisture value and grain temperature detected in steps S2 and S3.

The upper limit of this hot air temperature shall be determined in advance as shown by solid lines a-C in Figure 5. For example, when the grain temperature is 10°C, the moisture content at that time is as shown by solid line a. The value of the kisode corresponding to the temperature becomes the upper limit value of the hot air temperature.

Note that the exhaust temperature of the hot air may be used instead of the grain temperature described above as a factor for determining the upper limit of the heat 'A humidity temperature.

Next, in step S5, the drying rate is detected from the moisture value detected in step S2 and the moisture value detected last time, and the detected drying rate is compared with a predetermined reference axis 'g rate (step S6).

As a result of the comparison, if the detected drying rate is equal to the standard drying rate, the current hot air temperature is not changed (step S7), and if the detected drying rate is greater than the standard drying rate, a lower hot air temperature is calculated. (Step S8). And step S
At 12, these fevers! The temperature is set as a target value, and the combustion of the seven people 10 is controlled so that the temperature measured by the hot air temperature sensor 25 matches the target value.

On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, if the detected drying rate is smaller than the reference drying rate, the process proceeds to step S9, and the hot air temperature is increased. In step S10, it is determined whether the hot air temperature raised in step S9 exceeds the upper limit value of the hot air temperature set in step S4.

Then, when the hot air temperature calculated in step S9 exceeds the upper limit value, the calculated hot air temperature is regulated to the upper limit value (step 5IL). For example, if the calculated hot air temperature is 42°C, the upper limit value of the hot air temperature is is 40°C, the target hot air temperature is regulated to 40°C.

In step S12, the hot air temperature regulated in step Sll is set as a target value, and combustion of the burner 10 is controlled so that the temperature measured by the hot air temperature sensor 25 matches the target value.

In this way, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the higher the grain moisture value is, the lower the upper limit value of the hot air temperature is, so that the grain temperature is not raised more than necessary when the grain moisture is high. As a result, the quality of the grain after drying can be improved, and since the upper limit of the hot air temperature is changed in consideration of the grain temperature, there is little decrease in drying efficiency.

Incidentally, the upper limit value of the hot air temperature set in step S4 may be made to change continuously according to the moisture content as shown in FIG.
, as shown by the dotted line e, and the solid line f, respectively. The temperature is set to a predetermined value, and thereafter the temperature is increased by, for example, 3°C at each step.

In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned grain temperature and grain moisture value, the amount of grain stuffed inside the machine is determined as a factor for determining the upper limit value of the hot air temperature set in step S4, as shown in Fig. 7. small",
Each number in Figure 7 may be taken into consideration such as "medium" or "r large" when changing the upper limit of the hot air temperature from the predetermined upper limit of the hot air temperature. This is the number of steps used, and the upper limit value of the hot air temperature is changed according to this number of steps.

Furthermore, when determining the upper limit of the hot air temperature in step S4, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the measurement data (moisture value) of the moisture meter 20 and the amount of grain stuffed into the machine It may be determined based on data.

In the embodiment described above, when determining the upper limit value of the hot air temperature used in step SIO in step S4,
As shown in the figure, a predetermined absolute value is used, but if the outside air temperature is high and exceeds the upper limit of the hot air temperature, the set hot air temperature will be lower than the outside temperature. An unfavorable situation occurs.

Therefore, in order to avoid such a situation, when determining the upper limit value of the hot air temperature used in step SIO in step S4, instead of setting it to the predetermined absolute value as described above, it is necessary to A predetermined temperature ΔT may be added to the set hot air temperature for rate control to determine the relative value. Note that this temperature ΔT is calculated using a moisture meter 20
It is preferable to change it depending on the moisture value of the grain obtained in and the amount of grain stuffed into the machine.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, the upper limit value of the set hot air temperature related to drying loss rate control is determined, and when the set hot air temperature exceeds the upper limit value, the set hot air temperature is changed. In addition to regulating the upper limit value, the upper limit value can be changed according to the moisture value of the grain, so that the grain temperature of grains with high moisture values does not increase, which particularly reduces drying efficiency. It is possible to improve the quality of grains, such as their taste, without causing any deterioration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a functional diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of its control system, Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of its operation, Figs. Figures 6 and 8 are graphs showing the relationship between moisture content and hot air temperature, respectively, Figure 7 is a table explaining how to determine the upper limit of hot air temperature,
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the filling amount and the hot air temperature. A is a drying ratio detection means, B is a drying ratio detection means, C is a reference drying ratio generation means, D is a hot air temperature calculation means, E is a hot air temperature determination means, F is an upper limit value changing means, and G is a drying heat source. control means,
H is a drying heat source, 20 is a moisture meter. Patent Applicant Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Agent Maki Tobe (and 2 others) Figure 2 Dor Dob Figure 6 Mu Figure 9 10 stones 205 YoQ stone is Ero

Claims (1)

[Claims] A drying rate detection means for detecting a drying rate based on a temporal change in a moisture value measured by a moisture meter, a detected drying rate detected by the drying rate detecting means, and a reference drying rate. a drying rate comparison means for comparing the drying rate with a standard drying rate obtained from the rate generating means; and a hot air temperature that makes the detected drying rate match the standard drying rate according to the comparison result of the drying rate comparing means. A hot air temperature calculating means for calculating, a hot air temperature upper limit value changing means for changing the upper limit value of the hot air temperature according to the moisture value of the moisture meter, and a hot air temperature calculating means for comparing the hot air temperature calculated by the hot air temperature calculating means with the upper limit value. hot air temperature determining means for setting a target hot air temperature to a value equal to the calculated hot air temperature if the calculated hot air temperature is below the upper limit value, and to a target hot air temperature to the above upper limit value if the calculated hot air temperature is above the upper limit value; A drying control device for a grain dryer, comprising: drying heat source control means for controlling the amount of heat of the drying heat source so as to reach the target hot air temperature determined by the hot air temperature determining means.