JPH11211346A - Drying finish time controller of grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the overdrying of grain, by replacing the variation of moisture with a specified variation of moisture where the quantity of single reduction is set to a small value, when the moisture variation of grain changes by a certain value or over. SOLUTION: When (a grain moisture value <= a set finishing objective moisture value plus a certain value) is detected (S-106) and YES is judged, the variation of the grain moisture is computed (S-107) by (last detected grain moisture -grain moisture detected this time), and when (grain moisture >= a certain quantity) is detected (S108) and YES is judged, the drying planned time is computed by [(grain moisture value detected last + a certain value - finishing objective moisture value) × a time computation constant] (S-109), and the detected grain moisture value is indicated on an indicator, and it is returned (S-112). When it is judged to be NO in (S-106) and (S108), the drying finishing planned time is computed (S-113) by (a detected grain moisture value - a finishing objective moisture × a time computation constant), and it goes to (S110).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention calculates a scheduled drying end time from a grain moisture value detected by a moisture sensor and a finish target moisture value set by operating a moisture setting means.
When the detected grain moisture value is equal to or less than the fixed target moisture value plus a fixed value or less and the amount of water change between the previous detected grain moisture value and the current detected grain moisture value changes by a certain value or more, The present invention relates to a drying end time control device that calculates a scheduled drying end time by replacing a predetermined water change amount set as a value smaller than the water change amount.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, while a grain is being dried in a grain drying room of a grain dryer, the moisture value of the grain being dried is detected by a moisture sensor. Further, the estimated drying end time of the kernel is calculated based on the amount of water change between the detected kernel moisture value and the target finish moisture value of the kernel set by operating the moisture setting means, and is displayed on the display unit. Was.

[0003]

When the grain reaches the vicinity of the finish target moisture value, a low moisture value is detected due to a variation in moisture and the like, and the expected drying end time is calculated as it is. Is short, but if a high moisture value is detected after that, the display of the time to stop becomes longer, and in actuality, the inconvenience that the grain dryer does not stop easily may occur. The present invention seeks to eliminate this problem.

[0004]

For this purpose, the present invention sets a grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains, a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture, and a target moisture value (ML) for finishing. A moisture setting means 33 is provided and a grain moisture value (MSN) detected by the moisture sensor 2, the finish target moisture value (ML) set by operating the moisture setting means 33, and a time calculation constant (K) In the grain dryer, the estimated drying end time (T) is calculated and displayed on the display unit 43, and the grain moisture value (MSN) is equal to or less than a plus fixed value (α) of the finishing target moisture value (ML). And the previously detected grain moisture value (MSN-
1) When the change in water content (M) of the grain calculated from the detected grain water value (MSN-2) and this time changes by a certain value (m) or more, the water change amount (M) is determined once. A controller 45 for calculating and controlling the expected drying end time (T) by replacing the decreasing amount of the drying time with a predetermined moisture change amount (M1) set as a small value.
And a drying end time control device for a grain dryer.

[0005]

While the grain is being dried in the grain drying chamber 8 of the grain dryer, the grain during drying is detected by the moisture sensor 2 for the grain moisture value (MSN). Further, the expected drying end time (T) is determined by the detected grain moisture value (MSN), the target finish moisture value (ML) of the grain set by operating the moisture setting means 33, and the time calculation constant (K). Is calculated by the control device 45 and displayed on the display unit 43.

[0006] The above-mentioned control for calculating the expected drying end time (T) is based on the control that the detected grain moisture value (MSN) becomes equal to or less than the set finishing target moisture value (ML) plus a fixed value (α), From the grain moisture value (MSN-1) and the present detected grain moisture value (MSN-2), a moisture change amount (M) of the grain is calculated, and this moisture change amount (M) is equal to or more than a fixed value (m). When the amount of water change has changed, this amount of water change (M) is replaced with a predetermined amount of water change (M1) in which a single decrease is set as a small value.
The scheduled drying end time (T) is calculated by the controller 45,
It is displayed on the display unit 43.

[0007]

When the detected grain moisture value (MSN) reaches the vicinity of the finish target moisture value (ML), the previously detected grain moisture value (M
If the water change amount (M) between the detected grain moisture value (MSN-2) and the current detected grain water value (MSN-2) is large, the set water change amount (M1) is replaced with the set small water change amount (M1), and the scheduled drying end time ( By calculating T), it is possible to prevent the inconvenience that the grain dryer does not stop easily, and to prevent overdrying of the grain.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The figure shows a state in which a moisture sensor 2 for detecting moisture in grains, a burner 3 for generating hot air, and the like are mounted on a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains. The dryer 1 has a transfer gutter 5 having a rectangular shape long in the front-rear direction and having a transfer spiral rotatably mounted on an upper portion of the machine wall 4.
And a ceiling plate 6, and a grain storage chamber 7 for storing grains is formed below the ceiling plate 6.

The grain drying chambers 8, 8 are provided below the storage chamber 7 and between the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 and the central blowing chamber 10, and below the drying chambers 8, 8, The feed valves 11 for feeding and flowing down the grains are rotatably supported on respective shafts. The collecting gutter 12 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below each of the drying chambers 8 and 8 so as to communicate with each other.

The burner 3 is provided inside a burner case 13, and the burner case 13 is detachably attached to an outer surface of the front machine wall 4 in front of the front machine wall 4 so as to correspond to an inlet side of the blower chamber 10. And an operation device 14 for starting and stopping the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like for each of the operations of filling, drying, and discharging, is attached to and detached from the outer surface of the front side machine wall 4. It is configured to be freely provided.

An exhaust fan 15 is provided in a rear exhaust wall 17 at the center rear of an exhaust passage chamber case 16 provided on the rear machine wall 4 so as to communicate with the exhaust chambers 9 on both right and left sides. The exhaust fan 17 is provided with an exhaust motor 18 for driving the exhaust device 15 to rotate. The valve motor 19 is configured to rotationally drive the delivery valves 11, 11 via a speed reduction mechanism.

The fuel pump 20 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 20 sucks the fuel in the fuel tank 21 and supplies the fuel to the burner 3 by opening and closing the fuel valve. Blower 22
Is provided on the outer side of the upper plate, is driven to rotate at a variable speed by a blower motor 23 for speed change, and blows combustion air corresponding to the supplied fuel amount to the burner 3 by the blower 22. Burner 3
The hot air generated from the air and the outside air passing through the burner case 13 are mixed to form dry hot air.

The diffusion board 24 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 5 and below the supply port for supplying the transfer kernels to the storage chamber 7, and uniformly diffuses and reduces the kernels to the storage chamber 7. It has a configuration. The grain raising machine 25 is provided on the outer side of the front side machine wall 4, and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 26 stretched therein, and the upper end thereof is provided with a discharge cylinder 27 between the starter of the transfer gutter 5. The lower end is provided with a supply gutter 28 between the lower end of the grain collecting gutter 12 and the lower end of the grain collecting gutter 12 to communicate therewith. An on / off switch for turning on / off the discharge cylinder 27 according to the presence or absence of a grain passing through the discharge cylinder 27. The system is provided with a paddy flow sensor 46a of the system.

The grain raising machine motor 29 is connected to the bucket conveyor 2.
The belt with 6, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 5, the diffusion board 24, the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter 12, and the like are rotationally driven. The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially at the center in the vertical direction of the grain raising machine 25. The moisture sensor 2 transmits an electrical measurement signal from the operating device 14 to
0 rotates and each part of the moisture sensor 2 is rotationally driven,
Receiving the grains falling during the transport to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 26, the grains are pinched and crushed one by one, and the crushed grains are measured, for example, 32 at a time three times. The average value of the times is calculated and detected as a grain moisture value (MSN).

On one side of the lateral machine wall 4, a charging funnel 12a for supplying and supplying grains into the grain collecting trough 12 is provided so as to be openable and closable. The charging funnel 12a or the grain raising machine 25 is provided.
The grain is inserted from any one of the charging funnels 25a attached to the tray. The operating device 14 includes:
A box-shaped front plate of this box is provided with a dryer 1, a moisture sensor 2, a burner 3, and the like. Means 31, stop means 32 for stopping operation, moisture setting means 33 for setting a target finish moisture value (ML) of the grain, display lamps 34 for each moisture, and grain type setting for setting a hot air temperature generated from the burner 3. Means 35, display lamps 36 for each type of grain, inlay setting means 37 for setting the amount of inlaid grain, display lamps 38 for each number of stones, moisture correcting means 39 for correcting the grain moisture value, timer Timer increase / decrease setting means 40, 41 for increasing or decreasing the set time, buzzer stopping means 42, a display section 43 for digitally displaying various display items, a monitor display lamp 44, and the like are provided. , Grain raising machine motor It has a configuration in which a motor overload detection device 62 for detecting the overload current value of 9.

The control device 45 is provided in the operation device 14, and detects the paddy flow sensor 46a, inputs digital sensor information, and sets each of the setting means 31, 32, 33, 35, 37,
A digital input circuit 46 to which operations of 39, 40, 41, and 42 are input, an analog input circuit 48 to which detection values detected by the moisture sensor 2 and the hot air temperature sensor 47 and analog sensor information are input, and a motor overload detection device A voltage conversion circuit 63 to which a detection value detected by 62 is input, an AD conversion circuit 49, a serial data reception circuit 50, a memory clear 51
Is input to the digital input circuit 52,
6, 48, 49, 50, 52, 63, a control microcomputer 53 for performing arithmetic logic operation, comparison operation, etc., and a memory 54, and a blower through an output circuit 55 in accordance with a command from the control microcomputer 53. Motor 18, valve motor 1
9 and start and stop control of the grain raising motor 29, start, stop, and control the fuel valve, the fuel pump 20 and the blower motor 23 through the output circuit 56, and control the moisture motor 30 through the output circuit 57. Start and stop control,
Various items are displayed on the display unit 43 through the display circuit 58, the operation of the buzzer 59a is controlled through the output circuit 59, and the serial data transmission circuit 60 and the nonvolatile memory 61 are configured.

The control of the calculation of the expected drying time (T) of the grain by the control device 45 is performed as follows. Grain moisture value (MS) detected by moisture sensor 2
N), the grain finish target moisture value (ML) set by operating the moisture setting means 33, and the time calculation constant (K) set and stored in the control device 45 to dry the grain. The expected end time (T) is calculated. The time calculation constant (K) is a numerical value that is set based on the type of grain, the rate of drying loss, the mixing ratio of green rice, and the like. The calculated expected drying end time (T) is displayed on the display unit 43 of the operation device 14.

In the control for calculating the expected drying end time (T), the process is performed as follows in the vicinity of the finish target moisture value (ML). Detected grain moisture value (MSN)
Is the control device 45 of the set finish target moisture value (ML).
Becomes less than the stored plus constant value (α),
If a value equal to or less than the plus constant value (α) is detected, the water change amount (M) is calculated from the previous detected grain moisture value (MSN-1) and the present detected grain moisture value (MSN-2). Is calculated. If the calculated amount of change in water (M) is equal to or more than a fixed value (m), the amount of change in water (M) is the amount of one decrease set and stored in the controller 45. Is replaced by a predetermined moisture change amount (M1) in which the predetermined water change amount (M1) is reduced.
According to 1), the estimated drying end time (T) of the grain is calculated by the control device 45. The calculated expected drying end time (T) is displayed on the display unit 43 of the operation device 14.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 1. A grain drying operation is started (S-101).
The moisture value of the grain is measured (S-102), the grain moisture value (MSN) is calculated (S-103), it is determined whether it is the set finish target moisture value (ML) (S-104), and the time calculation constant ( K) is read out (S-105), and the grain moisture value (MS)
N) ≦ the set finishing target moisture value (ML) plus a constant value (α) is detected (S-106), and if YES is determined, the change in grain moisture (M) is determined by the previously detected grain moisture (MSN).
-1)-Calculated by the currently detected grain moisture (MSN-2) (S-107), and the grain moisture change (M) ≧ constant value (m)
Is detected (S-108), and if it is determined as YES, the estimated drying end time (T) becomes ｛(previously detected grain moisture value (MS
N−1 + Constant value (m) −Finish target moisture value (ML)｝ × Time calculation constant (K) (S-109), and the detected grain moisture value (MSN) is displayed on the display unit 43 (S-109). -11
0) Then, the expected drying end time (T) is displayed on the display unit 43 (S-111), and the process returns (S-11).
2).

In (S-106) and (S-108), N
If it is determined to be O, the expected drying end time (T) is calculated by the detected grain moisture value (MSN) -the target finish moisture value (ML) x the time calculation constant (K) (S-113), (S- 110)
Proceed to. As shown in FIG. 6, the green rice content rate (AN) mixed with green rice during one measurement of the moisture content of the moisture in the moisture sensor 2 is detected,
In accordance with the detected blue rice content (AN), the change time of the calculated expected drying end time (T) from the previously measured drying end time (T) in the previous measurement is defined separately. In addition, the detection of the blue rice content (AN) is such that the high moisture kernel having a predetermined moisture value or higher is determined as blue rice and detected based on the detected grain moisture value of 32 grains.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 6. The drying operation of the grain is started (S-20).
1), proceed to (S-202) and proceed from (S-202) to (S-202).
205) is controlled as shown in the figure, the content of green rice (AN) is calculated (S-206), and it is detected whether or not the grain moisture value (MSN) ≦ the set finish target moisture value (ML) plus a constant value (α). (S-207), and if YES is determined, it is detected whether or not the determination value for determining the degree of green rice content (AN) ≧ green rice is a constant value (a) (S-208), and YES is determined. Then, the process proceeds to (S-209) and proceeds from (S-209) to (S-21).
0) is controlled as shown in the drawing, and the scheduled drying end time (T)
, ｛Previously detected grain moisture value (MSN-1 + constant value (m)
× β) -finish target moisture value (ML)｝ × time calculation constant (K) (S-211), and this (β) is determined by the blue rice content (AN), and the blue rice content ( When AN) is large, the numerical value is small. (S-21
Proceeding to 2), (S-212) to (S-213) are controlled as shown and returned (S-214).

If NO is determined in (S-207), (S-208), and (S-210), the expected drying end time (T) is calculated as shown in the figure (S-215), and (S-215). 2
Proceed to 12). Thus, when the content of green rice (AN) is high, the drying end time (T) is not short of the finish target moisture value (ML) in the vicinity of the drying end, and the drying end scheduled time (T) is actually short. The time until the dryer 1 stops may be long, which is a problem. However, when the content of blue rice (AN) is high, the detected grain moisture value (M
Even if SN) decreases, this problem can be solved by correcting the expected drying end time (T) to a longer time.

As shown in FIG. 7, the expected drying end time (T) is calculated from the grain moisture value (MSN) detected by the first moisture sensor 2 immediately after the start of drying, and is displayed on the display unit 43. Is the grain moisture value (MSN) detected for the first time
Is corrected to, for example, 0.5% higher than a predetermined value set and stored in the control device 45, and the corrected drying time (T) is calculated based on the corrected grain moisture value 0.5% higher. It is configured to calculate.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7. The operation of drying the grain is started (S-30).
1) The starting means 31 for starting the drying operation is turned ON (S)
−302), the output O of each motor 18, 19, 29, 30
N (S-303), the burner 3 system fuel pump 20,
And the output of the motor 23 is turned on (S-304) and (S-304).
The process proceeds to (-305), and (S-305) to (S-308) are controlled as shown in the figure. The first measurement of grain moisture is detected (S-309), and if YES is determined, drying is scheduled to end. The time (T) is ｛(previously detected grain moisture value (MSN-1)
(+0.5%) − final target moisture value (ML)｝ × time calculation constant (K) (S-310), and proceeds to (S-311). (S-311) to (S-312) are controlled as shown in the drawing, and it is detected whether or not the drying of the grain is completed (S-313), and the YE
If determined to be S, operation stop processing is performed (S-314), and the process returns (S-315).

If (S-302) determines NO, (S-302)
Go to -315). If NO is determined in (S-309), control is performed as shown in (S-316), and (S-311)
Proceed to. If NO is determined in (S-313), it is detected whether a predetermined time has elapsed (S-317). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-305), and if NO is determined (S-31).
Return to 7).

Thus, in the drying operation after the completion of the grain filling operation, the first detected grain moisture value (MSN) at the start of drying is such that the initial set grain during the filling operation is: As the air is dried by ventilation, the detected grain moisture value (MSN) tends to be low, and when the estimated drying end time (T) is calculated, the estimated drying end time (T) may be short. However, the first detected grain moisture value (MS
This problem can be solved by correcting N) to be 0.5% higher than the predetermined value.

As shown in FIG. 8, after the start of the work of inserting the grains, the motor overload detecting device 62 provided in the operating device 14 detects a change in the current value of the grain raising motor 30,
Further, depending on the time until the paddy flow sensor 46a is turned on,
The input funnel 12a provided on the side machine wall 4 or the grain raising machine 25
Is configured to detect whether the grain is stuck from the input funnel 25a provided on either side, and by this detection, the overload current value set by the grain raising motor 30 is set separately. Configuration. When the motor overload detection device 62 detects the set overload current value or more,
The dryer 1 is automatically stopped when a problem occurs in the grain transport system.

The grain filling from the side machine wall 4 side is configured to allow a larger amount of grain to be covered, and the load current value applied to the grain raising motor 29 is In this configuration, the load current increases as the transfer load of the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter 12 increases as shown in FIG. This is the configuration. FIG.
The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10 and the flowchart of FIG. 10. The grain filling work is started (S-401), and it is detected whether the starting means 31 for starting the filling work is turned on (S-402). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-403) and proceeds from (S-403) to (S-40).
4) is controlled as shown, and it is detected whether the current value of the grain raising motor 29 has increased (S-405), and if YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-406) and (S-406) to (S-406). S-
407) is controlled as shown, and it is detected whether or not the paddy flow sensor 46a is ON (S-408), and if YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-409) and (S-409) to (S-41).
0) is controlled as shown in the figure, time calculation (T)> constant value is detected (S-411), and if YES is determined, the grain is inserted from the input funnel 12a provided on the lateral machine wall 4. If it is determined that the time calculation (T) <constant value is satisfied, it is determined from the input funnel 25a provided in the grain raising machine 25 that the grains are stuck. If the determination is YES, the set value of the overload detection current is changed.
Change to Further, if the insertion is from the input funnel 25a, the value is changed to the rated value × 1.05. Proceed to (S-413)
(S-413) to (S-414) are controlled as shown, and it is detected whether or not the stopping means 32 is turned on (S-41).
5) If YES is determined (S-416), control is performed as shown, and the process returns (S-417).

If (S-402) determines NO, (S-402)
Return to -402). If the determination is NO in (S-405), the process returns to (S-404). If NO is determined in (S-408), the process returns to (S-407). NO at (S-411)
Is determined, the process proceeds to (S-413). (S-415)
If the determination is NO, the process returns to (S-413). Grain filling work is started (S-501), (S-502)
Then, (S-502) to (S-504) are controlled as shown in the figure, and it is detected whether there is a load change (S-505).
If it is determined to be ES, the process proceeds to (S-506) and proceeds to (S-50).
6) to (S-507) are controlled as shown in the drawing, and it is detected whether or not a stuck from the side wall 4 side has been detected (S-508). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-509) and proceeds to (S-509). 509)-(S
-511) is controlled as shown, and the stopping means 32 is turned on.
Is detected (S-512), and if YES is determined (S-512)
-513), and control is returned as shown (S).
-514).

If (S-505) determines NO, (S-505)
Return to -504). If NO is determined in (S-508), the process proceeds to (S-510). If NO is determined in (S-512), the process returns to (S-510). As a result, the load on the grain-lifting machine motor 29 is larger in the case of the stretching from the horizontal machine wall 4 side than in the case of the grain-raising machine 25 side, and an appropriate overload setting according to the stretching side is performed. , And overload detection processing, and since it is possible to detect from which side the jamming is performed, reliable detection can be performed, and a detection mechanism is unnecessary.

As shown in FIG. 11, an ON / OFF switch type opening / closing sensor 64 for detecting the opening / closing state of the input funnel 12a provided on the side wall 4 is provided. By detecting the open state of the motor 12a, the overload current value set in the motor overload detection device 62 for detecting the overload current value of the grain-lifting machine motor 29 is corrected to a predetermined value higher than the rated value.

The operation will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 11. The grain filling operation is started (S-60).
1), proceed to (S-602) and proceed from (S-602) to (S-602).
604) is controlled as shown, and it is detected whether or not the input funnel 12a on the side of the lateral machine wall 4 is open (S-605). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-606) and proceeds to (S-606). ~
(S-610) is controlled as shown, and the process returns (S-611).

If (S-605) determines NO, (S-605)
Go to -607). As a result, the load is larger when the grains are loaded from the input funnel 12a on the side wall 4 than when the grains are loaded from the input funnel 25a on the grain raising machine 25. By performing the overload setting and the overload detection process by detecting the side to be inserted, a reliable insertion operation can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a grain dryer partially sectioned.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the operating device that can be partially broken;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a time chart.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Moisture sensor 8 Grain drying room 33 Moisture setting means 43 Display unit 45 Controller (MSN) Grain moisture value (ML) Finish target moisture value (K) Time calculation constant (T) Expected drying end time (α) Plus constant Value (MSN-1) Previous detected grain moisture value (MSN-2) Current detected grain moisture value (M) Moisture change (m) Constant value (M1) Predetermined moisture change

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains, a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture, and a target moisture content (ML).
And a moisture setting means 33 for setting the
Grain moisture value (MSN) detected in
In the grain dryer, the estimated drying end time (T) is calculated based on the finish target moisture value (ML) set by the operation 3 and the time calculation constant (K) and displayed on the display unit 43. When the moisture value (MSN) becomes equal to or less than the plus constant value (α) of the finish target moisture value (ML), the previously detected grain moisture value (M
SN-1) and the currently detected grain moisture value (MSN-2), when the moisture change amount (M) of the grain changes by a certain value (m) or more, the moisture change amount (M) is calculated. A drying device for a grain dryer, comprising: a controller 45 for calculating and controlling the expected drying end time (T) by replacing a single reduction amount with a predetermined moisture change amount (M1) set as a small value. End time control device.