JP3029110B2 - Drying control method of grain seed dryer - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drying control device for a grain dryer.

(Prior art)

The hot air temperature of conventional grain dryers depends on the type of grain,
It is set by the grain moisture and the like. Further, in order to reduce the fluctuation of the operation drying time, a mode in which the hot air temperature is reset by grain moisture or the like measured during drying is also known.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-described prior art, although the amount of the hot air is set in consideration of the amount of the hot air, the hot air temperature is set substantially in proportion to the amount of the hot kernel, so that the hot air is dried in a full state. In this case, there is a disadvantage that the set hot air temperature is excessively increased and the grain quality is impaired. In particular, in a dryer used for seeds, it also affects the germination rate.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention seeks to overcome the above disadvantages,
A hot air drying by hot air blowing from the above, wherein the hot air temperature is set for each of the detected moisture classification of the grains during drying and by the amount of penetration, the above-mentioned detected moisture classification above a predetermined amount of penetration A hot air control device 38 is provided which is set to a substantially constant hot air temperature determined by the following formula, and which is below the predetermined hot air temperature and which is lower than the fixed hot air temperature and increases the hot air temperature in accordance with an increase in the hot air temperature. Of the drying controller of the grain dryer.

[Functions and Effects of the Invention]

The amount of the grain and the moisture value inserted into the grain dryer are determined by receiving an input of the corresponding sensor output or by an input device as appropriate. The hot air control device 38 controls the burner 1 to perform hot air drying in accordance with a set value of the hot air temperature stored in advance based on the data. By the way, when the filling amount is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the hot air temperature is set to be substantially constant, so that the hot air temperature can be dried while suppressing the possibility of excessive heating and maintaining good grain quality.

〔Example〕

In the example shown in the figure, (2) is a grain seed dryer, and inside the dryer (2), the upper part of each drying chamber (3) partitioned on both sides by a ventilation network communicates with the storage chamber (4). The storage chamber (4) is configured so as to communicate with a grain collecting gutter (6) which supports a transfer spiral through a delivery valve (5) at the lower part thereof, and the storage chamber (4) is surrounded by a machine wall (7). A ceiling plate (8) and a transfer gutter (9) supporting a transfer spiral are provided on the upper side of the storage chamber (4). A transfer kernel is provided in the center of the transfer gutter (9). A supply port for supplying into the storage chamber (4) is provided, and a diffusion plate (10) is provided below the supply port.
At 0), the grains are uniformly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (4).

The hot air chamber (11) is formed between the inside of each hot drying chamber (3),
A hot air temperature sensor (12) for detecting hot air temperature in the hot air chamber (11) is provided in the hot air chamber (11), and an exhaust air chamber (13) is formed outside each of the drying chambers (3). An operating device (14) for starting and stopping the dryer (2) and a burner case (16) containing a burner (1) are provided on the front machine wall (7). The hot air chamber (11) is in communication with the hot air chamber (11), and an exhaust fan (17) and a motor (18) are provided on the rear wall (7). The motor (18) rotationally drives the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter (6), the respective delivery valves (5), the exhaust fan (17), and the like. It is a configuration to do.

The burner (1) is provided with a fuel pump (19) having a fuel valve outside the lower plate of the burner case (16), and the fuel pump (19) opens and closes the fuel tank (20) by opening and closing the fuel valve. Is supplied to the inside of the burner (1), and a transfer device (21) and a speed change motor (22) are provided on the outer side of the upper plate. (21) is driven to rotate, and the air for fuel corresponding to the supplied fuel amount is blown to the burner (1) by the blower (21).

The grain raising machine (23) is provided in front of the machine wall (7) on the front side, and a bucket conveyor (24) belt is stretched between upper and lower pulleys inside, and an upper end and a start end of the transfer gutter (9) are provided. Between the lower end and the end of the grain collecting gutter (6), a supply gutter (26) is provided for communication. The motor (2
7), and the bucket conveyor (2
4) The belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter (9) and the diffusing plate (10) are rotatably driven, and the bucket conveyor (24) is being transported upward by the bucket conveyor (24) at a substantially central portion in the vertical direction. A moisture sensor that detects the moisture in the crushed grains while simultaneously crushing and crushing the grains.
The moisture sensor (28) is provided with this moisture sensor (2
8) The motor (29) that drives each part in rotation is installed.

The operating device (14) has a box shape, and a start switch (30) for starting the dryer (2) on each of the work of inserting, drying and discharging, and a stop for stopping the drying operation on the surface plate of the box body. A switch (31), a grain type setting knob (32), an inset amount setting knob (33), which serves as a reference for setting a part of the hot air temperature generated from the burner (1), and a finishing target moisture of the grain. A moisture setting knob (34) to be set, a display window (35) for displaying hot air temperature, grain moisture, remaining time, etc. are provided. An outside air temperature sensor (36) is provided outside the lower plate to detect the outside air temperature. Configuration
A drying control device (37) and a hot air control device (38) are provided inside, and the setting knobs (32), (33), (3)
4) is a rotary switch type, and these setting knobs (3
2), a part of the setting standard of the hot air temperature generated from the burner (1) is set by the operation position of (33), and the finishing target moisture of the seed kernel is set by the operation position of the setting knob (34). Is set.

The hot air control device (38) is provided with the hot air temperature sensor (1).
2), the moisture sensor (28) and the outside temperature sensor (36)
A / D converter (3) that A / D converts the detection value detected by
9), an input circuit (40) to which the conversion value converted by the A / D converter (39) is input, and the setting knobs (32) and (33)
Input circuit (41) to which the above operation is input, a CPU (42) for performing arithmetic logic operation and comparison operation on various input values input from these input circuits (40) and (41), and this CPU (42) Output circuit that receives and outputs various commands issued from
Is provided.

The drying control device (37) includes the switches (30),
(31) and an input circuit to which the operation of the setting knob (34) is input, the CPU (42) which performs arithmetic logic operation, comparison operation, and the like on various input values input from the input circuit;
An output circuit is provided for receiving and outputting various commands issued from (42).

The hot air temperature by the hot air drying control device 38 is set by the CPU 42. That is, the preset hot air temperature control line is, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is set according to the outside air temperature value, the type of the embedding grain and the amount thereof. The moisture value is a detection value of the moisture sensor 28, the outside air temperature value is a detection value of the outside air temperature sensor 36, and the type of grain and the amount of the grain are based on the setting values of the setting knobs 32 and 33. It should be noted that the moisture value is an initial value after the start of drying, until the moisture sensor 28 detects the moisture during the circulation of the kernel inserted into the dryer 2 and calculates the average value. Shall be used.

The hot-air temperature control line indicates that the hot-air temperature is set substantially in proportion to the grain penetration amount in a small state,
Above a certain amount of grain, try to keep it almost constant. For example, when the detected outside air temperature is 20 to 25 ° C., as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the detection outside air temperature, the detected water content, and the amount of embedded grain are controlled so as to be along the hot air temperature control line. is there. In the case of a machine that dries 3600 Kg of grain, if the detected moisture is 25% or more and the amount of inlaid grain is 1800 kg or more, the set hot air temperature is controlled so as not to rise to 35 ° C or more, and the detected moisture 20 %
The hot air temperature is controlled so that it does not rise above 40 ° C when the grain size is 2400Kg or more at ~ 25% and the hot air temperature is set when the grain size is 2800Kg or more when the detected moisture is 20% or less. The temperature is controlled not to rise above 45 ° C and the CP
U (42) is set and stored, and is stored so that the hot air temperature is changed for each outdoor air temperature category,
When the detected outside air temperature is 15 to 20 ° C., the temperature is controlled to be 2 ° C. lower than the hot air temperature shown in FIG. 2, and when the detected outside air temperature is 25 to 30 ° C., the hot air temperature shown in FIG. The CPU (42) is set and stored so as to be controlled to a high temperature of ℃. If the detected outside air temperature rises by 5 ° C. during drying, the set hot air temperature is controlled to rise by 2 ° C. When the detected outside air temperature drops by 5 ° C., the set hot air temperature is set and stored in the CPU (42) so as to be controlled to drop by 2 ° C. In addition, the moisture sensor (28)
Until is detected and calculates the average value, the detected outside air temperature,
Irrespective of the amount of grain, etc., it may be configured to control at a constant hot air temperature of 40 ° C. set and stored in the CPU (42),
When the calculation of the average moisture value is completed, the hot air temperature may be set in accordance with the detected outside air temperature, the detected average moisture value, the amount of embedding kernels, and the like in the same manner as described above, and the temperature may be controlled to the set hot air temperature.

Also, the set hot air temperature is compared with the detected hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (12), and if they are different, the number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed is controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature. The fuel pump (19) is configured to control the amount of fuel sucked.

The drying control by the drying control device (37) is performed when the moisture sensor (28) detects the same grain moisture as the finish target moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob (34). The dryer (2) is automatically stopped by the automatic control in (37).

 Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

For example, each setting knob (3) of the operating device (14) of the grain seed dryer (2) having a processing capacity of the grain of at least 1000 kg and a maximum of 3800 kg.
By operating 2), (33) and (34) to predetermined positions and operating the start switch (30) for starting the drying operation, the dryer (2), the burner (1) and the moisture sensor (28) The burner is started depending on the initial detected moisture detected by the moisture sensor (28), the detected outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor (36), and the operating positions of the setting knobs (32) and (33). The temperature of the hot air generated from (1) is set, drying is started at the set hot air temperature, and the moisture sensor (28) detects moisture while the kernels circulate in the dryer (2) once. An average moisture value is calculated, and the hot air temperature generated from the burner (1) is set again according to the calculated detected average moisture value, detected outside air temperature, and operating positions of the setting knobs (32) and (33). , For example, the detected average moisture value is 22%,
When the detected outside air temperature is 23 ° C., the type of the embedded grain is rice grain, the operation position of the grain type setting knob (32) is the position of the rice grain, and the amount of embedded grain is 2800 kg, and When the operation position of the setting amount knob (33) is at the position 28, the hot air temperature is set to 40 ° C., and the hot air temperature reset to 40 ° C. corresponds to the burner (1).
From the hot air chamber (11) to the drying chamber (3)
Is passed through the exhaust air chamber (13), and is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust air fan (17) through the exhaust air chamber (13), so that the grains contained in the dryer (2) are transferred from the storage chamber (4) to the drying chamber. (3) It is exposed to this hot air while flowing down and dried, and is fed down to the lower part by the feed valve (5), and is supplied to the collecting gutter (6). It is transferred and fed by the lower transfer spiral through the feed gutter (26) into the grain raising machine (23), and the bucket conveyor (2
It is conveyed to the upper part in 4) and passes through the discharge tube (25).
From the transfer trough (9) to the diffusion plate (10) by the upper transfer spiral, and is uniformly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (4) by the diffusion plate (10) and circulated. When the moisture sensor (28) is dried and detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob (34), the drying control device (37) of the operating device (14) operates. The dryer (2) is automatically stopped by automatic control.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are diagrams showing the relationship between hot spring temperature and grain size, grain moisture, and outside air temperature. 4 is an overall side view of the dryer that can be partially broken, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a front view of a part of the dryer that can be partially broken. In the figure, reference numeral (1) indicates a burner, and (3) indicates a drying chamber.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A grain dryer for drying with hot air by heating and blowing air from a burner, wherein a hot air temperature is set to a predetermined amount or more for each detected moisture classification of a grain during drying and for an amount of filling. In the above, it is set to a substantially constant hot air temperature determined for each of the detected moisture classifications, and below a predetermined amount of inflation, the hot air temperature is set in a range lower than the above constant hot air temperature and increases in accordance with an increase in the amount of inflation. A drying control device for a grain dryer, which is provided with a hot air control device 38 that performs heating.