JPH11207854A - Facing material having moisture-absorbing and releasing function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To converge a variation range of a humidity following a temperature change of the outside to improve a surface physical property by repeating moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing to the change of the temperature or the humidity by a method wherein a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer comprising a moisture permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group in a molecule, and a moisture-absorbing and releasing particle is provided. SOLUTION: A facing material having the moisture-absorbing and releasing function has a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1 comprising a resin and a moisture- absorbing and releasing agent particle 3 by using a moisture permeable urethane resin 2 having a hydrophilic group in a molecule as a binder resin. The moisture permeable urethane resin having the hydrophilic group in the molecule to be used in the moisture-absorbing and releasing layer 1, is a one-pack type polyurethane resin wherein a group having an affinity with water is introduced in a polyurethane structure, forms a non-pore type layer having no pore when a film is formed, and a humidity is permeated inside the layer through the hydrophilic group. As the moisture absorbing and releasing agent particle, particles formed of, for example, a montmorillonite, a sepiolite, a diatomaceous earth, and a high water absorbable polymer are exemplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative material which is used for interiors of buildings and vehicles, has a function of absorbing and releasing moisture, and is capable of reducing fluctuations in the relative humidity of the atmosphere.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a typical interior decoration material such as wallpaper, a material having a polyvinyl chloride resin layer formed on a substrate has been used.

Further, as a moisture absorbing / releasing sheet, a vinyl chloride resin compounding agent containing a superabsorbent polymer substance (moisture absorbing / releasing material), a foaming agent and a polyolefin is applied on a substrate and then heated and foamed to form a moisture absorbing / releasing sheet. A wet vinyl wall covering material is known (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
2─231740).

[0004]

However, a decorative material having only a polyvinyl chloride resin layer formed on the above-mentioned base material has poor moisture absorption and desorption properties, and is not suitable for use in a building in response to changes in external temperature and humidity. The internal humidity change width cannot be reduced.
Rather, traditional wall clay and wood (especially paulownia wood)
Compared with a cosmetic material that is itself made of a material having moisture absorption / release properties, the change in indoor humidity is greatly increased. In particular, when the humidity fluctuates in the direction in which the humidity increases, not only the discomfort index increases, but also, on the surface of the decorative material, or when the wall surface is hollow, dew condensation occurs inside the hollow, which causes mold or a building material. Had the problem of causing corrosion and rust.

[0005] Further, although the conventional moisture absorbing and releasing sheet described in the above-mentioned publications can absorb and release moisture, the moisture absorbing and releasing material in the coating film is covered with the coating film resin. Practically, only the superabsorbent polymer material exposed on the surface exerts its performance, and the superabsorbent polymer material inside the resin hardly participates in moisture absorption and desorption. Performance has not been demonstrated. Although the ratio of the moisture-absorbing / desorbing material exposed to the air is increased by forming the sheet into the foam structure, a considerable amount of the moisture-absorbing / desorbing material is still shielded from the air, so that the effect cannot be exhibited. In addition, the conventional moisture absorbing / releasing sheet has a problem that the resin layer is inferior in strength to the non-foamed body since the resin layer is formed as a foam.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and repeatedly absorbs and releases moisture in response to a change in temperature or humidity, thereby converging the fluctuation range of indoor humidity due to a temperature change in the outside world. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cosmetic material having a moisture absorbing / releasing effect, having an efficient moisture absorbing / releasing effect, and having a moisture absorbing / releasing function which is excellent in physical properties such as the surface of the cosmetic material.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided (1) a moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer comprising a moisture-permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group in a molecule thereof and moisture-absorbing / desorbing agent particles. 2. A cosmetic material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function, (2) a cosmetic material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function according to claim 1, wherein a cosmetic material substrate is laminated with a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer, and (3) a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer. 3. A moisture-proof / water-proof layer is laminated between the base material and the decorative material base, or on one or both sides of the decorative material base opposite to the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer. The gist of the present invention is a cosmetic material having a function of absorbing and releasing moisture.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a cosmetic material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function according to the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as a cosmetic material) uses a moisture-permeable urethane resin 2 having a hydrophilic group in a molecule as a binder resin. It has a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer 1 composed of the wetting agent particles 3.

The moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer 1 can adopt, for example, the embodiments shown in FIGS. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a state in which the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3 are dispersed in the moisture-permeable urethane resin 2 and the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3 are embedded in the layer. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the moisture-permeable urethane resin 2 is foamed, and bubbles 4 are formed inside the layer.
, And the moisture absorbent particles are dispersed and embedded in the resin of the foam. FIG.
In the embodiment shown in (1), the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3 are fixed to the surface of the layer made of the moisture permeable urethane resin 2, and the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3 are not present inside the moisture permeable urethane resin but only on the surface. It is in. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3 are embedded in the moisture-permeable urethane resin layer 2 and are fixed to the surface.

As shown in FIG. 2, the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer 1 may be composed of a cellular foam having a large number of bubbles 4 therein. Since a moisture-permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group such as that described above is used, even if it is a non-foamed body as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Since the moisture penetrates into the inside of the layer 1, the moisture easily reaches the moisture absorbing / desorbing agent particles 3 inside the layer, and the moisture absorbing / releasing is repeated well, the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles can be used efficiently.

The moisture-permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group in the molecule used for the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer 1 is a one-pack type polyurethane having a group having an affinity for water (referred to as a hydrophilic group) introduced into a polyurethane structure. When a coating film is formed of a resin, a non-porous layer having no pores is formed, and moisture penetrates into the inside of the layer through a hydrophilic group. The hydrophilic group includes an unreacted hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, sulfonic acid group and the like. The moisture-permeable urethane resin has an area expansion of 1 in water due to the design of the coating film of the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer due to water.
It is preferable to adjust the swellability so as to be within 5%.
The swellability of the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer can be adjusted by the amount of the hydrophilic group introduced. The moisture-permeable urethane resin has a moisture permeability of 5,000 g / m ² · 24 at a film thickness of 12 μm when a coating film is formed.
hrs. It is preferable to use the above. The measurement conditions of the moisture permeability are based on JIS-Z-0208, and the measurement time is 24 hours at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 90% RH. The thickness of the hygroscopic resin layer 1 is preferably about 50 to 300 μm.

As the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles 3, inorganic particles or organic particles capable of repeating moisture absorption and release according to the humidity of the atmosphere are used. As the inorganic particles, those having a porous structure having pores in the particles are used, and examples thereof include montmorillonite (activated clay), sepiolite, diatomaceous earth, scallop crushed material, tobermorite, ettrigite, and the like. or,
Examples of the organic particles include particles formed from a superabsorbent polymer.

The superabsorbent polymer is, for example, a soap of a graft copolymer of starch and acrylonitrile.
Compound, graft copolymer of starch and acrylic acid (salt), salt of copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride, salt of copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride, cross-linking of copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride Polymer, cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid or acrylate (for example, self-cross-linking polymer, cross-linked polymer by polymerization in the presence of cross-linking agent or post-cross-linked polymer), reaction product of polyvinyl alcohol and maleic anhydride Salt, salt of a reaction product of polyvinyl alcohol and maleic anhydride, graft copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and acrylic acid (salt), saponified product of copolymer of vinyl ester and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, vinyl Saponified copolymer of ester and unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or its derivative, crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol Hashitai, polyacrylamide cross-linked,
Known superabsorbent polymer materials such as saponified polyacrylonitrile and mixtures thereof are exemplified.

The moisture-absorbing / desorbing agent particles 3 are preferably inorganic particles because they are excellent in various properties such as repeated durability of moisture-absorbing and desorbing, non-swelling property, and antifungal property. The moisture absorbing / desorbing agent particles 3 have a particle size of 0.1 to 1
In order to increase the specific surface area of the moisture absorbing and releasing material particles and to prevent secondary aggregation, it is preferably 10 to 30 μm, the average pore diameter is 10 to 60 °, and the specific surface area is 100 m.
² / g or more is preferable. The amount of the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles added to the moisture-permeable urethane resin is about 5 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 150 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solids. Also, keep the humidity of the room where the
In order to keep the moisture absorption / release material particles in a range of 0%,
Inorganic particles of 0 to 60 ° are preferred.

The moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1 may include a flame-retardant material such as magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, if necessary.
Fungicides such as 0,10'─oxybisphenoxyarsine, antibacterial agents such as zeolite carrying silver ions, coloring agents such as dyes or pigments, heat stabilizers, plasticizers, and additives such as extender pigments and ultraviolet absorbers. Can be added.

If the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer 1 is a cellular foam and has a large number of open cavities on its surface, the moisture-absorbing / desorbing agent particles 3 can be brought into contact with the outside air more efficiently, and Good moisture efficiency. However, in terms of the strength of the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1, the resin layer 1 is preferably a non-foamed body as shown in FIGS.

The cavity opened to the surface of the cellular foam refers to a cavity communicating from the inside of the resin layer to the surface of the resin layer. When such a plurality of cavities communicate with each other and the communicating cavities are distributed to the inside of the resin layer, the moisture absorption / release effect is more favorable. The cavity may communicate from the front surface to the back surface of the resin layer.
In this case, especially when the base material is a moisture absorbing / releasing material such as paper, moisture absorption / release between the substrate and the outside air can also be used. Of course, cavities that do not open on the surface may exist in parallel with cavities that open on the surface.

The diameter of the hollow body is usually 10 to 100 μm.
Range. The hollow body may be directly opened on the surface of the resin layer, or may be connected to the surface of the resin layer by a passage. The diameter of the passage is also in the same range as the diameter of the cavity body. Further, the shape of the hollow body may be a sphere, a spheroid, a polyhedron, and other various shapes. The cavity main body and the wall surface of the passage are made of a resin constituting a resin layer.

The shape of the hollow body may be a sphere, a spheroid, a polyhedron, or other various shapes. The cavity main body and the wall surface of the passage are made of a resin constituting a resin layer.

As a method of forming a cellular foam,
A typical example is a method in which a foam is added to the above-mentioned moisture-permeable urethane resin and the resin mixture is heated and foamed. Also,
As the foaming agent, the following compounds (1) to (3) are used. (1) A microcapsule-type foaming agent in which a volatile and thermally expandable substance such as butane, hexane, and pentane is encapsulated in a hollow resin body such as acrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, or vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer. . (2) azodicarbonamide, azobisisobutyronitrile, 4─4′─oxybisbenzenesulfonylhydrazide, NN-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine,
Pyrolytic foaming agents such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and sodium boron hydride. If necessary, foaming accelerators such as metal soaps such as lead, calcium and tin, dibasic lead sulfite, tribasic lead and zinc white are added. (3) A mixture of the above (1) and (2).

The amount of the foaming agent is usually 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin. By adding a relatively large amount of a pyrolysis type foaming agent or adding a surfactant to the resin, a cavity opened on the surface can be formed.

As a method other than foaming to increase the contact efficiency of the moisture absorbent / desorbent particles in the moisture absorbent / desorbable resin layer with the outside air, a non-foamed moisture absorbent / desorbable resin layer formed in advance by the above-described method is used. ,
There is a uniaxial or biaxial stretching method. By stretching, voids are generated around the moisture-absorbing and releasing agent particles in the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin due to shear stress. However, voids due to the above stretching do not become so extreme voids as compared with bubbles formed by the foaming agent shown in FIG.

The decorative material of the present invention may be composed of only the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but as shown in FIG. 5 may be laminated as a decorative material 6. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the surface of the decorative material base 5 opposite to the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer 1 (the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer 1).
Although not shown, a moisture-proof / water-proof layer 7 may be laminated on one or both of the layers between the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1 and the decorative material base 5.

The decorative material substrate 5 serves as a support for the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 1, and may be in the form of a sheet or a plate. Materials include wood such as wood veneer, wood plywood, particle board, and wood fiber board (MDF), metals such as iron, copper, and aluminum, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resin, polyolefin resin, polyester resin, and ABS resin. , And resins such as phenolic resin, glass, ceramics such as ceramics, gypsum, calcium silicate,
And non-porcelain ceramic materials such as cement, paper, cotton, non-woven fabric, and the like.

When the decorative material 6 is used as a sheet (decorative sheet) for wallpaper or the like, the basis weight of the decorative material substrate is 20.
It is preferable to use high-quality paper, thin paper, backing paper for wallpaper, paper such as Japanese paper, or a woven or non-woven fabric made of glass fiber, asbestos, polyester fiber, and vinylon fiber of about 170 g / m ² . In the case of paper, a flame retardant such as aluminum hydroxide powder may be added.

When a moisture-absorbing / desorbing or water-permeable material such as paper or wood is used as the decorative material substrate 5, the moisture adsorbed on the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer 1 passes through the substrate and is applied to the back surface thereof. (Eg, inside walls). In some cases, the moisture permeating the back surface may cause the rear surface to become moist, warp, or generate mold and rust. Therefore, in order to prevent this phenomenon, FIG.
It is preferable to provide a moisture-proof / waterproof layer 7 on the back side of the decorative material base material 4 as shown in FIG.

Although not shown, the moisture-proof / waterproof layer 7 may be formed on the surface of the decorative material substrate 5 (the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer side) or on both front and back surfaces of the decorative material substrate 5. Moisture and waterproof layer 7
May be a moisture-proof or waterproof material such as polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, or silica-deposited polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the moisture-proof / waterproof layer 7 is 3
The thickness is preferably from 0 to 100 μm, and it can be formed by bonding with an adhesive such as a two-component curable urethane resin, or by applying by a melt extrusion method (extrusion coating method) or the like.

The decorative material may be provided with a decorative layer on the surface of the moisture-absorbing / desorbing resin layer 1 (if the resin layer is transparent, the back surface can be used) as long as the moisture absorbing / desorbing property is not impaired. good.
Examples of the decoration layer include a pattern printing layer and a metal thin film layer of aluminum or the like provided by a known ink and printing method. In this case, it is preferable to provide the partial area instead of the entire area.

Further, the decorative material can be provided with a decorative effect by adding a known dye or pigment to the interior of the resin layer and coloring the cosmetic material within a range that does not impair the moisture absorption and release properties.
Further, it is also possible to emboss a pattern of concavities and convexities on the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer, and to fill the embossed concave portions with a coloring ink by a wiping method and color the ink.

In the case where the decorative material has a single-layer structure of the moisture-absorbing / releasing resin layer 1, it can be obtained by forming the above resin into a film by an inflation method, a calender method, an extrusion method, a casting method or the like. When the decorative material is formed by laminating a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer on a decorative material substrate, the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer 1 formed in advance is bonded to the decorative material substrate 5 by an adhesive or thermocompression bonding. Or by applying a liquid composition such as a diluted solution of an organic solvent and a water-dispersed emulsion, and then evaporating and drying the solvent (or dispersion medium) to solidify and laminate by means such as lamination. A wet resin layer can be formed.

When the moisture-absorbing / releasing resin layer 1 is formed, a heating / melting resin containing no water is cooled / solidified to form a film. A film forming method such as a calendering method uses a coating composition such as an organic solvent or an emulsion. When compared with the coating method using the material, the resin component and the moisture absorbing / desorbing agent particles are not absorbed until the water and the organic component are adsorbed by the moisture absorbing / desorbing agent particles in the composition or the paint (liquid) is solidified. However, there is an advantage that there is no fear that the moisture absorption / release effect of the moisture absorption / release resin layer is reduced due to separation and sedimentation.

The cosmetic material of the present invention can be used for walls,
Typical are interior materials for buildings such as floors and ceilings, and other interior materials for vehicles such as cars, trains, ships, and aircraft, doors, sliding doors, window frames, handrails and other fittings, and chests. It is also used for furniture, partitions, containers and the like.

[0033]

EXAMPLE 1 50 parts by weight of activated clay ("Galleon Earth V2R" manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 20 .mu.m and an average pore diameter of 26.degree. [Daiichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd. (diluting solvent is isopropyl alcohol / toluene / DMF = 45/45
/ 10 weight ratio mixed system) solid content 25%] solid content 100
100 μm thick coating composition added to parts by weight
(A plasticizer was 20 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate) to obtain a moisture absorbing / releasing sheet having a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer having a thickness of 150 μm.

Comparative Example 1 50 parts by weight of activated clay ("Galleon Earth V2R" manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 20 μm and an average pore diameter of 26 °
Solid content of liquid curing type urethane coating agent (composed of acrylic polyol and tolylene diisocyanate) 10
100 parts by weight of the coating composition added to 0 parts by weight
m on a semi-rigid polyvinyl chloride base material (plasticizer: 20 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate), and heated and dried at 80 ° C. for 1 minute to obtain a sheet having a surface resin layer having a thickness of 150 μm. .

[Humidity Control Performance Test] The humidity control performance of the sheets of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was compared by the following method.
One sheet each of the above-mentioned sheets 25 × 25 cm is bonded to the inner wall surface of an aluminum case having an inner size of 25 × 25 × 25 cm, respectively, and the initial set temperature and humidity are set at 20 ° C. and 50%.
After constant weight to RH, the aluminum case was sealed and the outside air temperature was set at 20 ° C for 0.5 hour, 30 ° C for 2 hours, and 20 ° C for 2 hours.
The humidity was changed in a cycle of 2 hours at 10 ° C. and the change in humidity in the aluminum case was measured. FIG. 7 shows the measurement results.

As shown in FIG. 7, the sheet of Example 1 had a smaller fluctuation range of humidity than the sheet of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the film thickness of the moisture-permeable urethane resin used in Example 1 and the moisture permeability.

[0037]

The cosmetic material of the present invention repeats moisture absorption and release in the atmosphere where the cosmetic material is present due to the moisture absorbing / desorbing agent particles of the moisture absorbing / desorbing resin layer. Can be converged. Furthermore, as a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin that retains a moisture-absorbing agent, itself has moisture-permeable performance,
Since moisture (moisture) penetrates into the resin layer by using a moisture-permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group in the molecule, the moisture absorbing / releasing agent particles inside the resin layer whose surface is covered with the resin Can effectively absorb and release moisture, and can efficiently perform the moisture absorbing and releasing action, thereby obtaining an excellent moisture absorbing and releasing effect.

Even when the moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer is made of a non-foamed material, moisture penetrates into the resin layer, so that a sufficient moisture absorbing / releasing effect can be obtained. Because of its excellent physical properties, a cosmetic material having excellent durability can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of a decorative material.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of a decorative material.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of a humidity control performance test.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the moisture permeability and the film thickness of a moisture-permeable urethane resin having a hydroxyl group in the molecule.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer 2 Moisture-permeable urethane resin which has a hydrophilic group 3 Moisture absorbing and releasing agent particles 5 Cosmetic material base material 6 Cosmetic material having moisture absorbing and releasing function

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cosmetic material having a moisture absorbing and releasing function, comprising a moisture absorbing and releasing resin layer comprising a moisture permeable urethane resin having a hydrophilic group in the molecule and moisture absorbing and releasing agent particles. 2. The decorative material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function according to claim 1, wherein a moisture absorbing / releasing resin layer is laminated on the decorative material base material. 3. A moisture-proof / water-proof layer is laminated between the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer and the decorative material base, or on one or both sides of the decorative material base opposite to the moisture-absorbing and releasing resin layer. The decorative material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function according to claim 1 or 2.