JPH11199310A - Baked high-strength construction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a high-strength construction material using wastes as the main feedstock. SOLUTION: This high-strength construction material is obtained by using, as the essential materials, the three groups of materials which are as follows: 1st material group: wastes such as porcelain materials such as tile, insulator, tableware and block and/or stoneware materials each <=5 wt.% in water absorption are ground into powdery crushed matter with the maximum size of <=10 mm containing 30-60 wt.% of materials >=1 mm in granular size; 2nd material group: wastes (popular name: mica-based materials) consisting mainly of fine silica sand derived from purification of gairome clay and containing small amounts of feldspar, mica or the like and clay: and 3 material group: containing 15-40 wt.% of materials <=1 mm in size in the 1st material group and 20-40 wt.% of readily sinterable materials as the main binder portion selected from industrial wastes such as cullet and frit and feldspar, pottery stone, sericite- contg. agalmatolite-based materials. Specifically, the aimed block is produced by kneading and molding the above three groups of materials followed by baking at 1,000-1,350 deg.C. The block has a compressive strength of >=350 kg/cm<2> .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is derived from the purification of low-water-absorbing semi-porous materials such as tiles, insulators, tableware and blocks having a water absorption rate of 5% or less, porcelain materials, setsu material and the like, and Frogme clay. Waste Kira and frit waste mainly composed of fine sand of silica sand,
The present invention relates to a fired high-strength building material using, as an essential material, one or more of raw materials containing waste such as glass waste, feldspar, pottery stone, and sericite.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the development of material civilization, the production and consumption of industrial products are increasing, and as a result, industrial wastes and general household wastes are diversifying in mass and steadily increasing in quantity. . At present, various methods for treating and disposing of these wastes are being studied, but the disposal sites are becoming diversified and unable to keep up with the enormous amount of generated waste, making it impossible to take sufficient measures. Due to difficulties, construction did not stay,
Illegal dumping and improper disposal have become a source of environmental pollution, causing serious environmental problems. On the other hand, urbanization is progressing and land development is progressing in various places. development of,
Created residential land, houses and cityscapes are required to be more durable and more beautiful and more comfortable, so they are more durable and bring hydration to the city in harmony with the natural environment and local environment, creating an emotional living environment Today, landscape materials are indispensable to ensure safety.
In recent years, this landscape material has been replaced with cement blocks and tiles, as well as conventional asphalt and concrete paving materials.
Brick and other ceramic products are being used one after another as a part of daily life without feeling uncomfortable with luxury and human sensation.

Under these circumstances, tiles have been used to improve the landscape and the road surface as urbanization progresses.
Most of bricks and blocks are made of fired landscape materials mainly using newly mined natural raw materials or artificial man-made raw materials. In addition, clay materials are indispensable in order to give the necessary plasticity to the material at the time of molding when manufacturing general ceramic products, but recently the use of high quality clay has increased and it has become a clay state. In order to make up for it, the frog eye clay produced by the weathering action of granite is subjected to elutriation, refined into siliceous raw materials and clay raw materials, and the siliceous raw materials are classified according to particle size and used for various fields including glass. ing. The clay raw material is called elutriated clay, and is used as a valuable raw material for insulators, tableware, tiles, and the like. However, the Kira wood derived from elutriation of this Frog-eyed clay has many impurities and has no use and is treated as industrial waste. In the current situation, the number of defective products and unnecessary materials, so-called waste unused materials, during production and after use in elutriation processing of frog-eyed clay, which supports ceramic products that continue to increase, is increasing at present. Various studies are currently underway to reduce the amount of treatment and disposal by reusing or reusing these ceramic-related wastes in the increasing amount of waste, but these resources have not yet been fully implemented. At present, there is a strong demand for conversion.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned situation, the present inventors have found that among various wastes, semi-porous materials such as tiles, insulators, tableware, and block materials having a water absorption of 5% or less,
Waste such as frit waste, glass waste and feldspar, porcelain stone and sericite are added to waste such as porcelain and setsu materials, and unused material Kira derived from elutriation and purification of Frogme clay. Processing of waste by manufacturing high-strength building materials using waste as a main raw material using sinterable materials such as lozenges
The objective is to reduce the amount of disposal and to recreate a landscape material that can be used to create a rich living environment that is harmonious and friendly to a rich and enviable environment.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have repeatedly grasped, studied, and studied various present conditions, and as a result, the characteristics of materials for building materials should be determined by the fact that people walk, cars run, and the like. Strength that does not easily break, chip, break or wear
It is necessary to have characteristics such as having a compressive strength of 300 kg / cm ² or more, and not causing abrasion even when a person falls down (the particle size at the time of manufacture is within 10 mm or less).

[0006] In order to satisfy these various properties, semi-porous materials, such as tiles, insulators, tableware, blocks, etc., which are used due to the demand for high strength in the waste of ceramic products used for aggregates, It is desirable that the water absorption of Setsu materials be within 5%. In order to prevent abrasion easily when a person falls, if the coarse particles constituting the tissue exceed 10 mm, the surface becomes uneven. Therefore, in order to have a surface roughness that does not cause scratching even if the particles protrude due to the corners of the protruding particles, the maximum particle size of the aggregate should be up to 10 mm and the mixing ratio thereof should be 30 to 60% by weight. . The medium particle material is 1 mm or less of the same material, the unused material mainly derived from elutriation and purification of Frogme clay, 10 to 50% by weight of the Kira material, and the compounding material is the disposal of frit waste, glass waste, etc. 20 pieces of raw stone containing material, feldspar, pottery stone, and sericite
It has been found that if the plasticity of the material is required to be about 40% by weight, a raw material containing 0 to 30% by weight of a clay raw material or an appropriate organic or inorganic binder is preferable. By mixing, kneading and molding this material and baking it at 1100 to 1300 ° C., it was possible to produce an achievement block (brick) and the like which can be sufficiently applied as a high-strength building material, and it was found that this was desirable. In this way, ceramic-related waste can be used as the main raw material to transform it into a building material that can create a rich living environment that is in harmony with the emotional environment. It provides here the means to help solve the problems.

(Reason for limitation) [0007] The use of semi-porcelain materials, such as tiles, insulators, tableware, setware, etc., having a water absorption rate of 5% or less, and wastes of porcelain materials and set materials as aggregates makes the water absorption rate 5%. If it exceeds, the strength of the material is low, and it is difficult to obtain a strength that can withstand use conditions. Unused resources derived from elutriation and purification of frog eyes clay.
And If the content is less than 15% by weight, the difference in use is small and the effect of reducing waste is small, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, it is not possible to obtain a structure capable of obtaining high strength due to the particle size composition. The maximum particle size of the aggregate is 10 mm or less. If it exceeds 10 mm, the surface roughness increases, and if it falls down, there is a possibility that abrasion may occur, and the bonding strength between particles becomes small, resulting in insufficient strength. The amount of the clay raw material is set to 0 to 30% by weight. Clay material is used for facilitating the plasticity and filling of molding. It is unnecessary if it can be molded and its shape can be maintained, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, shrinkage and cracking during firing may occur. This is because the yield increases and the yield decreases. The amount of coarse aggregate of 1 mm or more is 30 to 60% by weight. 30
If the amount is less than 10% by weight, coarse particles are insufficient and the packing density at the time of molding is low. If the amount exceeds 60% by weight, the amount of fine particles and fine particles is insufficient, and the packing density at the time of molding is low and the bonding force between particles. This is because it becomes difficult to obtain high strength. 20 to 40% by weight of frit waste, glass waste and other easily sinterable materials such as feldspar, pottery stone, and sericite-containing rubble stones are combined. These easily sinterable materials greatly contribute to the strength of the product. If the content is less than 20% by weight, the strength may be insufficient. is there. The firing temperature should be 1100-1300 ° C. 1100
If the temperature is lower than 1 ° C., the sintering of the material is insufficient, and the product strength is insufficient. If the temperature exceeds 1300 ° C., there is a possibility that deformation and blowing may occur. Examples will be described below.

[0008]

EXAMPLES Table 1 shows examples of chemical component values of various raw materials used in Examples of the present invention.

[0009]

[Table 1]

Table 2 shows the physical properties of the aggregate tile waste used in the examples of the present invention.

[0011]

[Table 2]

Tile waste shown in Tables 1 and 2 was pulverized by an impeller breaker, and 15 to 10 mm, 10 to 6 m
m, 6 to 3 mm, 3 to 1 mm, 1 mm or less, and feldspar, pottery stone, glass swarf, and clay are compounded as fine powder of 74 microns or less in a Raymond mill while the Kira material is in a derived state. Dextrin as a binder in this formulation was added in an amount of 0.1%.
5% by weight and 5% by weight of water are added and mixed in a wet pan,
After kneading, press forming with a hydraulic press at a pressure of 65 kg / cm ² , drying, and firing at a maximum of 1200 ° C in a gas-fired single kiln 2
It is manufactured by firing for 4 hours. In order to confirm the appropriate temperature range, the material of Example 3 within the range of the present invention was subjected to 950 ° C. and 1350 ° C.
When sintering is performed, the former has low strength and the latter is in a slightly softened and deformed state. Table 3 shows the compounding ratios and test results of the examples.

[0013]

[Table 3]

[0014] As shown in the test results shown in Table 3, the maximum particle size
When the comparative example material with 15 mm has irregularities on the surface and falls roughly,
It may cause abrasion and has a compressive strength of 285 kg /
cm ^TwoAnd low, maximum particle diameter 10mm, 6mm, 3mm
The strength increases as the size is reduced. In addition,
For glass waste, feldspar, pottery stone used together,
When only pottery stone is used, the compressive strength is 516 kg / c of Example 3.
m^TwoExample 4 was 446 kg / cm^TwoAnd about 86.4
%, But still retains enough strength to withstand use
For example, 45% by weight and 50% by weight of Kira compound
319 kg / cm when the amount increases^Two, 275kg / cm^TwoWhen,
446 kg / cm of Example 4^TwoEach compared to. 71.
3% and 61.5%, resulting in a decrease in strength.
You. In addition, the comparative example of the current general material has a low strength of 28.3%.
You.

From the above results, Example 3 in the scope of the present invention was obtained.
Practical tests are conducted by using the bricks of No. 4, No. 4 and Comparative Example as a fired brick of 230 × 114 × 50 mm in a parking lot. Table 4 shows the results.

Test Method The test was carried out by passing a car having a total weight of 35 tons 100 times by paving the car with a width of 230 mm × 5 sheets and a height of 114 mm × 15 sheets.

[0017]

[Table 4]

[0018]

As described in the above Examples and Practical Examples, tile waste having a water absorption rate of 3.0% (ceramic product waste) is pulverized to a maximum particle diameter of up to 10 mm to prevent problems during use. A material consisting mainly of waste, which is composed of glass chips, feldspars, and pottery stones that have been used as aggregates and have been derived from intermediate particles and keratinous materials, and clay and organic binders have been added if necessary during molding. Are mixed, kneaded, molded and
It is possible to sinter in the temperature range where the current building materials of 1350 ° C are generally baked and can be manufactured without setting special sintering conditions. Comparative example / cm ² compressive strength material of 283Kg / cm ² is used,
The material of the embodiment of the present invention has the lowest value of 382 kg in the fifth embodiment.
/ Material high in cm ² is 516Kg / cm ² in Example 3, can increase the 135 to 182% and strength compared with the comparative example, which construction with a total weight 35ton vehicle 100 times in the parking lot No damage was found in both Examples 3 and 5 of the products within the scope of the present invention in the practical test passed, but the comparative example was 18 pieces broken and 28 pieces chipped, for a total of 33 sheets (total number of pieces was one piece for both cracked and chipped phenomenon products) In the comparative example, a total of 19 damaged products were obtained with 5 cracks and 16 missing chips. Recycling waste into high-strength, excellent landscape materials that help create a rich and healthy living environment that is friendly to people, emotional, environmentally friendly, improves environmental issues, conserves resources, It can contribute to aspects such as high performance of landscape materials, and the effect is enormous.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tile having a first material group having a water absorption of 5% or less,
Ceramics-related waste such as semi-porcelain materials such as insulators, tableware and blocks, porcelain materials and set materials, etc.
The second material group is mainly composed of fine sand of silica sand derived when elutriating and purifying Frogme clay. Feldspar, mica,
Waste material containing iron oxide etc. and clay is commonly referred to as “Kira material” (hereinafter, “Kira material”). One part is 1 mm or less of the first material group, 15 to 40% by weight, and the main material of the joining member is frit waste.
20 to 40% by weight of an easily sinterable material selected from the third group of raw materials containing waste such as glass waste, feldspar, pottery stone, and sericite, and these three groups as essential materials If necessary, 0 to 20% by weight of a clay material or an organic or inorganic binder is added, kneaded and molded to a temperature of 1000 ° C to 135 ° C.
A fired high-strength building material containing waste as a main raw material, which is fired in a temperature range of 0 ° C. and has a compressive strength of 350 kg / cm ² or more.