CN109231832B

CN109231832B - Glaze, glaze surface, decorative brick and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109231832B
Application number: CN201811382205.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢雄敏; 付希尧; 吴丹; 胡盛
Original assignee: Guilin Hongke New Building Materials Co ltd; Guangxi Polytechnic of Construction
Current assignee: Guilin Hongke New Building Materials Co ltd; Guangxi Polytechnic of Construction
Priority date: 2018-11-20
Filing date: 2018-11-20
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-20
Also published as: CN109231832A

Abstract

A glaze, a glaze surface, a decorative brick and a manufacturing method thereof belong to the field of building materials. Glaze is used to bond to the tile by means of sintering to form the glazed surface of the tile. The glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of waste bricks, 25-35% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder, wherein the waste bricks are mainly formed by sintering shale. The glaze provided in the examples has the advantages of high strength and low water permeability.

Description

Glaze, glaze surface, decorative brick and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a glaze, a glaze surface, a decorative brick and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The decorative brick can be used for walls or other surfaces and is a novel wall material with a decorative function. The method is characterized in that: the appearance has artistic decoration function, high size accuracy, good durability and frost resistance. Moreover, the color tone and the specification size of the building can meet various special requirements and the modeling requirement of the building.

Building diversification is a common pursuit target for all countries in the world. Many cities pursue the rich and varied city styles and avoid stiffness and singleness. Therefore, the sintered decorative brick is popular with architects and the public with colorful color tones and changeable appearance pattern designs.

The diversified decoration means of the surface of the decoration brick can reflect the individual difference of buildings, and the outer surface of the directly built decoration brick wall does not need to be additionally pasted with a veneer, so that the construction cost of construction engineering can be greatly reduced. The decorative brick can also make the building appearance simple, elegant, beautiful and natural, and cater to the psychological and modernized aesthetic viewpoints of returning to the ancient and returning to the nature.

The decorative brick has a plurality of varieties and wide application. Various exterior wall decorative bricks for buildings, road bricks for paving roads, curb bricks and the like are common. For squares and parks are: square bricks, fence bricks, sidewalk bricks and the like. Applications for the sintered shale decorative tiles include almost all construction areas. The cultural connotation and grade of the building built by the sintered decorative bricks can be greatly improved.

However, in some areas it is often desirable to have decorative tiles with desirable strength and low water permeability. However, existing decorative tiles often fail to meet the above needs.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a glaze, a glaze surface, a decorative brick and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to partially or completely improve and even solve the problems.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, examples of the present invention provide a glaze.

Such a glaze can be used to bond to a tile by sintering to form the glazed surface of the tile.

The glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of waste bricks, 25-35% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder, wherein the waste bricks are formed by sintering shale.

Shale is rock with complex chemical components, and various chemical components react to generate new chemical components after sintering treatment. The properties of the bricks fired with shale are altered in terms of hardness, crystallinity, etc. The application of the shale sintered brick with such performance to glaze can improve the performance (mainly comprising pressure resistance and water permeability) of glaze surface obtained by firing to a considerable extent.

In addition, the waste brick can introduce silicon dioxide into glaze, can improve the melting temperature and viscosity of the glaze, give high mechanical strength such as hardness and wear resistance to the glaze, improve the whiteness, transparency and chemical stability of the glaze, and reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze.

The waste brick and the kaolin can introduce aluminum oxide into the glaze to form a network intermediate of the glaze, and the network intermediate can be mixed with SiO₂In combination, the alkali oxide can also be incorporated. Al (Al)₂O₃Can improve the performance of the glaze, improve the chemical stability, hardness and elasticity and reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze. Appropriate Al₂O₃Can prevent the cracking of the glaze surface, improve the melting temperature of the glaze, increase the high-temperature viscosity of the melt and ensure that the glaze has necessary stability at the mature temperature.

Talc can introduce magnesium oxide primarily for glaze. MgO is a strong active fluxing agent and can improve the fluidity of the glaze melt; can promote the formation of the intermediate layer of the blank glaze, thereby weakening the cracking of the glaze and improving the hardness and the wear resistance of the glaze.

Borax can introduce B into glaze₂O₃。B₂O₃The (boron trioxide) is a strong fluxing agent, and the proper amount of the boron trioxide introduced into the glaze can obviously reduce the melting temperature of the glaze, reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze, increase the pan refractive index of the glaze, improve the glossiness and improve the hardness and the elasticity of the glaze. The fused mass not only can not crystallize, but also can prevent other compounds from crystallizing, thereby avoiding the glaze devitrification phenomenon and having strong solubility to oxides.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible embodiment of the first aspect, the glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 62-65% of waste brick, 26-31% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder;

optionally, the glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of waste brick, 30% of borax, 4% of kaolin and 1% of talcum powder.

Optionally, the waste bricks are formed by sintering shale and coal gangue, and the content of the shale in the waste bricks is 80-95 wt%, and the content of the coal gangue is 5-20 wt%.

The coal gangue can adjust the color of the brick blank, and the coal gangue can be used for partially replacing shale to realize the utilization of the coal gangue without excessively influencing the performance of waste bricks and glaze surfaces made of particularly obtained glaze materials.

By properly adjusting and selecting the dosage of different materials, the balanced application of various materials can be realized, so that the materials can be selected according to the price of each material.

With reference to the first aspect and the first possible embodiment of the first aspect, in a second possible embodiment of the first aspect, the glaze includes a modifier, and the modifier includes a thickener.

Optionally, the modifying agent comprises a thickener and fumed silica provided in a form dispersed in an alcohol solvent;

optionally, the thickening agent comprises a cellulosic thickening agent comprising a combination of one or more of hydroxymethyl cellulose and salts thereof, hydroxyethyl cellulose and salts thereof;

optionally, the alcoholic solvent comprises a combination of one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol.

The modifier can enhance the mixing property among materials in the glaze, such as easier combination, viscosity adjustment and easier adhesion to the surface of a target object.

The modifier obtained by mixing the alcohol, the thickening agent and the white carbon black is used as a binder component without metal ions, so that the glaze can be used for enhancing the viscosity in an environment with neutral pH value, and is not easy to delaminate and segregate when being used for operations such as coating.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a glaze.

The glaze is formed by sintering the glaze materials.

The glaze obtained in the example is made of the glaze, and has ideal compression resistance and water permeability.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a decorative tile.

The decorative tile comprises a tile body and the glaze surface formed on the surface of the tile body. The brick body is mainly formed by sintering shale.

The shale sintered brick is used as a brick body, and a glaze surface is formed on the surface of the brick body. Because the glaze and the brick body forming the glaze both contain shale sintering components, the chemical components of the glaze and the brick body have certain similarity. Therefore, the two are more easily combined. The glaze surface is fully combined with the brick body and mutually permeates, so that the property of the interface of the brick body and the glaze surface can be improved, the combination stress and the compressive strength distribution of the brick body and the glaze surface can be balanced, and high pressure can be borne without being damaged or separated from each other. In addition, the glaze surface can generate glass after reaction, so that the surface is smoother and more attractive. Because the high-temperature resolvable substances are less, the air bubbles are less, and meanwhile, the brick body can supplement partial chemical components and fully combine all the components, the generation of cracks and fine seams can be reduced, so that the water absorption/permeability is reduced, and the water seepage is slower (the brick is suitable for the high-pressure waterproof requirement to a certain degree).

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the thickness of the glaze is 1-2 mm.

The glaze can improve the performance of the brick under the condition of relatively less using amount, improve the quality of the decorative brick and simultaneously prevent the weight and the manufacturing cost of the decorative brick from being excessively increased.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of making a decorative tile.

The method comprises the following steps:

providing a brick body, wherein the brick body is formed by sintering shale;

forming a slurry layer on the surface of the brick body to obtain a material to be fired, wherein the slurry layer is prepared by using the glaze material dispersion liquid, and the glaze material is granular;

sintering the frit in a given sintering procedure, the sintering procedure comprising a drying step, a sintering step carried out after the drying step, wherein the drying step is carried out to remove a partial amount of the dispersion, and the sintering step is carried out to vitrify the frit.

The manufacturing method of the decorative brick in the example has the advantages of simplicity and easiness in operation. The decorative brick obtained by the method can meet the actual requirements in the methods of compressive strength and water absorption.

In a first possible embodiment of the fourth aspect in combination with the fourth aspect, the drying step is performed to remove a part of the amount of the dispersion so that the content of the dispersion of the material to be fired is 12 to 16 wt%.

Optionally, the dispersion is present in an amount of 13 to 15 wt%.

Optionally, the dispersion is present in an amount of 12 to 14 wt%.

Optionally, the dispersion is present in an amount of 13 to 16 wt%.

Since the glaze is used in the form of a dispersion liquid having an appropriate viscosity so as to adhere to the surface of the brick body, the sintering temperature at which the vitrification reaction occurs is relatively high. Therefore, the liquid in the glaze is partially lost by drying in advance to avoid the cracking problem at high temperature, and the liquid is evaporated to form pores during the surface glaze reaction, so that the problems of water permeability increase and strength reduction caused by the pores are avoided.

With reference to the first possible embodiment of the fourth aspect, in a second possible embodiment of the fourth aspect, the fineness of the particulate matter in the glaze is 45 to 80 microns.

Optionally, the fineness of the particles in the glaze is 48-76 microns.

Optionally, the fineness of the particles in the glaze is 50-65 microns.

Optionally, the fineness of the particles in the glaze is 55-60 microns.

Obviously, the contact of the raw materials in the glaze is more sufficient to facilitate the mixing with each other and the subsequent sintering reaction. And, by refining the granularity of the glaze, the fineness (correspondingly reducing the gaps between coarse particles) and smoothness of the glaze can be increased.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a third possible embodiment of the fourth aspect, the sintering step is performed at 800 to 1300 ℃ to vitrify the glaze.

Optionally, the sintering step is performed at 860-1250 ℃ to vitrify the glaze.

Optionally, the sintering step is performed at 900-1100 ℃ to vitrify the glaze.

Optionally, the sintering step is performed at 1000-1200 ℃ to vitrify the glaze.

The proper adjustment of the sintering temperature allows the adjustment of the overall properties of the tile, such as appearance, resistance to compression and water permeability, and also allows the adjustment of its production cycle.

Has the advantages that:

the glaze provided by the embodiment of the invention takes the sintered shale brick as one of the raw materials, can solve the problem of utilization of the shale waste brick, and avoids causing solid waste. Meanwhile, various components in the glaze can be matched with each other, and are combined with the brick to improve the appearance and performance of the brick and improve the usability of the brick.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The following description specifically explains a glaze, a decorative tile and a manufacturing method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention:

at present, most of the common decorative bricks are concrete decorative bricks or other substances which are only manufactured into the color and the shape of concrete. The concrete decorative brick is prepared by taking cement and common aggregates such as sand, gravel or pebble and the like as main raw materials or taking cement and light aggregates such as ceramic sand, ceramsite or expanded perlite and the like as main raw materials through raw material preparation, pressurization or vibration pressurization and maintenance.

Obviously, such decorative tiles do not allow for the utilization of various solid wastes, and are made with relatively high composition.

The shale is a sedimentary rock, is formed under the action of huge pressure and cementation through geological movement for hundreds of millions of years after silt is deposited in low-lying areas such as lakes, oceans and the like, has obvious bedding, compact and uniform rock quality, low hardness and impermeability, and is an ideal brick making raw material after mining, crushing and processing. The shale has the potential to be used for manufacturing the decorative bricks, but the compression resistance and the water permeability of the existing decorative bricks of the type can not meet the actual requirements.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a glaze that can be used to improve the performance of decorative tiles. The glaze can be used to bond to the tile by sintering to form the glazed surface of the tile. The decorative tile thus obtained can achieve improved pressure resistance and water permeability by the glaze, and can also improve the appearance of the decorative tile.

The glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of waste bricks, 25-35% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder, wherein the waste bricks are mainly formed by sintering shale.

Optionally, the glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 62-65% of waste brick, 26-31% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder. In some alternative specific examples, the glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of waste brick, 30% of borax, 4% of kaolin and 1% of talcum powder;

the glaze in the example mainly adopts waste bricks, and shale can be utilized to a greater extent to realize the reutilization of the waste bricks. It should be noted that such waste bricks can be made entirely of shale; or the waste bricks are made of shale and coal gangue. Alternatively, the waste bricks are formed by sintering shale and coal gangue, and the content of the shale in the waste bricks is 80-95 wt%, and the content of the coal gangue is 5-20 wt%.

Further, when the glaze is obtained by sintering, various materials in the glaze are combined in a mixed manner and undergo corresponding reactions, as required. Therefore, it is significantly advantageous to have sufficient and continuous contact of the various materials during the reaction. Based on this, the glaze comprises a modifier, which comprises a thickener. The thickener makes the glaze easier to maintain the state and avoid the component segregation, and also makes the glaze layer (scraping coating, brushing coating, printing layer, spraying coating layer, etc.) easier to form.

Still further, the modifier may include a thickener and white carbon black provided in a form dispersed in an alcohol solvent, and the weight ratio may be the thickener: white carbon black: alcohol solvent 2:1:50 or 3:2: 46. Such modifiers are capable of improving the binding of the glaze well without increasing the metal element, thereby avoiding the formation of undesirable metal oxides during sintering of the glaze, while also facilitating the transfer of the glaze in various suitable forms to the desired object (e.g., a brick).

In an example, the thickening agent comprises a cellulosic thickening agent comprising a combination of one or more of hydroxymethyl cellulose and salts thereof, hydroxyethyl cellulose and salts thereof. The hydroxymethylcellulose salt may be a sodium salt and the hydroxyethylcellulose salt may be a sodium salt. The cellulosic thickener may be a combination of hydroxymethylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (e.g., 1:1 by weight); alternatively, a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose (e.g., 1:2 by weight); or a combination of sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g., 1:2:2 by weight).

Optionally, the alcoholic solvent comprises a combination of one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol. Such as a combination of ethanol and ethylene glycol (volume: e.g., 1:2), or a combination of ethanol and glycerol (volume: e.g., 1:1), or a combination of ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol (volume: e.g., 2:1: 2).

Based on the above glaze, the example provides a glaze which is sintered by using the glaze. The sintering of the glaze is completed under an oxygen atmosphere. The sintering temperature can be selected to be 800-1300 ℃.

Further, an example is also provided. The decorative brick comprises a brick body and a glaze surface formed on the surface of the brick body, wherein the brick body is mainly formed by sintering shale. In some examples, the thickness of the glaze is 1-2 mm.

Accordingly, a method of making a decorative tile is also provided in an example.

The method comprises the following steps:

and providing a brick body, wherein the brick body is formed by sintering shale.

Forming a slurry layer on the surface of the brick body to obtain a material to be fired, wherein the slurry layer is prepared by using a dispersion liquid for glaze of any one of 1-5, and the glaze is granular.

Optionally, the fineness of the particles in the glaze is 45-80 microns, preferably 48-76 microns, more preferably 50-65 microns, and further preferably 55-60 microns. The raw material can be made to a desired fineness by, for example, a pulverizer, a grinder, or the like.

In order to avoid cracking of the glaze, the drying step is performed to remove a portion of the dispersion so that the content of the dispersion of the material to be fired is 12 to 16 wt%. Optionally, the content of the dispersion liquid of the dry thick material to be fired is 13-15 wt%, or 12-14 wt%, or 13-16 wt%.

The sintering step is performed at 800-1300 ℃ to make the glaze material generate vitrifying reaction, preferably 860-1250 ℃, more preferably 900-1100 ℃, and further preferably 1000-1200 ℃.

The sintering step may be performed as follows.

After the material to be fired is dried to the content of the expected dispersion liquid, standing to enable the temperature of the material to reach the starting point temperature (20-35 ℃). The mixture was heated from the starting temperature to 200 ℃ over 15.6 hours. And then heated from 200 degrees celsius to 500 degrees celsius over 8.5 hours. And then heated from 500 degrees celsius to 950 degrees celsius over 2.8 hours. Then, the temperature was maintained at 950 ℃ for 4.2 hours. Then cooled from 950 degrees celsius to 100 degrees celsius over 9.7 hours. Cooling to room temperature.

Typically, the sintering step may be performed using a tunnel kiln. The tunnel kiln has different independently-heatable areas from the kiln head to the kiln tail in the whole length range, so that different areas can be heated according to requirements.

For example, a 146 m tunnel kiln will be described as an example. It comprises a first heating zone (56 m, 20/35-200 ℃); a second heating zone (30 meters, 200-500 degrees centigrade); a third heating zone (10 meters, 500-950 ℃); a fourth holding area (15 meters at 950 ℃); a fifth cooling zone (35 meters, 950-100 degrees celsius). In the whole process, the decorative bricks can be dragged in the tunnel kiln by adopting a trolley, and the speed can be 3.6 meters per hour.

The decorative tile of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

First, brick body making

Example 1

The brick body is formed by sintering shale. The shale is crushed into 3mm granularity for standby. And (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with water (the water content is controlled to be 15-20 wt%), pressing the mixture in a die at 28MPa, and naturally drying the pressed mixture to obtain a green brick. The green brick is placed in a kiln to be sintered at 900 ℃.

Example 2

The brick body is formed by sintering coal gangue. The manufacturing method was the same as that of the brick in example 1.

Example 3

The brick body is formed by sintering shale (80 wt%) and coal gangue (20 wt%). The manufacturing method was the same as that of the brick in example 1.

Example 4

The brick body is formed by sintering shale (95 wt%) and coal gangue (5 wt%). The manufacturing method was the same as that of the brick in example 1.

Example 5

The brick body is formed by sintering shale (85 wt%) and coal gangue (15 wt%). The manufacturing method was the same as that of the brick in example 1.

Example 6

A concrete brick. And mixing and stirring the cement and the river sand uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and pouring the mixture into a mold for curing.

Second, glaze slip production

Example 7

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 62.41 percent of waste brick, 30.81 percent of borax, 4.78 percent of kaolin and 2 percent of talcum powder. The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 1. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 1.

Example 8

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 63.81% of waste brick, 29.65% of borax, 4.73% of kaolin and 1.81% of talcum powder. The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 1. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 2.

Example 9

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 64.4 percent of waste brick, 30.27 percent of borax, 4.08 percent of kaolin and 1.25 percent of talcum powder. The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3: 2. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 3.

Example 10

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 67.29 percent of waste brick, 27.52 percent of borax, 4.37 percent of kaolin, 0.72 percent of talcum powder and 0.1 percent of sodium hydroxy cellulose. The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3: 2. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 4.

Example 11

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 62.33 percent of waste brick, 30.92 percent of borax, 4.96 percent of kaolin, 1.79 percent of talcum powder and 0.6 percent of modifier. Thickeners in the modifiers: white carbon black: alcohol solvent 2:1:50 (weight ratio). The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 5: 4. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 6.

Example 12

And (3) proportioning the glaze: 64.33% of waste brick, 30.89% of borax, 4.13% of kaolin, 0.05% of talcum powder and 0.6% of modifier. Thickeners in the modifiers: white carbon black: alcohol solvent 2:1:50 (weight ratio). The frit particle size was 50 microns. The glaze slip is mixed with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 5: 4. The waste bricks used were the bricks of example 1.

Third, manufacture of decorative brick

Example 13

The glaze slurry of example 7 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 1. The manufacturing process of the decorative brick comprises the following steps: after forming, standing until the water content of the glaze slip is reduced to 14 wt%. Then, the temperature is gradually increased from the room temperature to 900 ℃ for sintering. The sintering equipment is a tunnel kiln, and the sintering process comprises the following steps: 20-200 ℃ (15 hours), 200-500 ℃ (8 hours), 500-900 ℃ (2.8 hours), 950 ℃ (keeping the temperature for 4 hours, 950 ℃ cooling to 100 ℃ (10 hours), and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace and discharging.

Example 14

The glaze slip of example 8 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 2. The preparation process is as follows

Example 13.

Example 15

The glaze slurry of example 9 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 3. The process was as in example 13.

Example 16

The glaze slurry of example 10 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 4. The preparation process is as follows

Example 13.

Example 17

The glaze slurry of example 11 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 6. The preparation process is as follows

Example 13.

Example 18

The glaze slurry of example 12 was applied to the surface of the brick of example 1. The preparation process is as follows

Example 13.

Test example 1

The decorative bricks of examples 1 to 4, 6 and 13 to 18 were subjected to a compression test according to GB/T2542-2012 "method for testing wall building bricks". The compressive strength of each decorative brick can be determined as MU15 according to GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks, and is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 decorative brick compressive strength

The above results show that the anti-compression effect of the brick body can be improved to a certain extent by glazing, compared with the original brick body. Compared with the glazed decorative brick adopting a brick body without shale, the shale sintered decorative brick has better compressive strength performance.

Test example 2

And (5) testing water absorption. Cleaning the surface of the brick body by using a brush for decorating the brick, and then putting the brick body into a drying oven at 100 DEG CAfter drying for 24 hours, the dry mass is called G₀. And then the dried brick body is put into a water tank with the temperature of 20 ℃. After soaking for 24h, wiping off surface moisture by using a towel, putting the wet sample soaked for 24h on the side of a grate plate of a cooking box, wherein the distance between the samples is not less than 10mm, injecting clear water, heating the sample to be boiled until the water level in the box is 50mm higher than the surface of the sample, and boiling for 5 h. Boiling for 5h in saturation coefficient test, stopping heating, cooling to normal temperature, and weighing the water-absorbed mass as G₅. The water absorption W5 of the sample boiled for 5h was calculated by the following formula (W5 ═ G₅-G₀)/G₀) To the nearest 0.1%. The comparative results of the water absorption test of the sample boiled for 5h are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Water absorption of decorative brick

From the results, it can be understood that the average value of the water absorption by the ordinary brick body is 18.92%, and the average value of the water absorption by the sintered shale decorative brick is 16.82%. Namely, the water permeability of the ordinary brick is reduced by glazing. The brick surface glaze surface formed by spraying glaze material to attach the brick surface and secondary high-temperature roasting is compact, low in water absorption rate and better in waterproof performance and weather resistance.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of making a decorative tile, comprising:

providing a brick body, wherein the brick body is formed by sintering shale;

forming a slurry layer on the surface of the brick body to obtain a material to be fired, wherein the slurry layer is prepared by using a dispersion liquid for glaze, the glaze is granular, and the glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of waste bricks, 25-35% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder, wherein the waste bricks are mainly formed by sintering shale;

sintering the frit in a given sintering procedure comprising a drying step performed to remove a partial amount of the dispersion, a sintering step performed after the drying step to form a glaze, wherein the sintering step is performed to vitrify the glaze.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying step is performed to remove a portion of the dispersion so that the dispersion of the material to be fired has a content of 12 to 16 wt%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying step is performed to remove a portion of the dispersion so that the content of the dispersion of the material to be fired is 13 to 15 wt%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying step is performed to remove a portion of the dispersion so that the dispersion of the material to be fired has a content of 12 to 14 wt%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying step is performed to remove a portion of the dispersion so that the content of the dispersion of the material to be fired is 13 to 16 wt%.

6. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the particles in the glaze have a fineness of 45 to 80 microns.

7. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the particles in the glaze have a fineness of 48 to 76 microns.

8. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the particles in the glaze have a fineness of 50 to 65 microns.

9. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the particles in the glaze have a fineness of 55 to 60 microns.

10. The method for manufacturing a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein the sintering step is performed at 800-1300 ℃ to vitrify the glaze.

11. The method for making a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein said sintering step is performed at 860-1250 ℃ for vitrification of said glaze.

12. The method for manufacturing a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein said sintering step is performed at 900-1100 ℃ for vitrifying said glaze.

13. The method for manufacturing a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein said sintering step is performed at 1000-1200 ℃ for vitrifying said glaze.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the glaze is 1 to 2 mm.

15. The method of making a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein said enamel comprises the following components in weight percent: 62-65% of waste brick, 26-31% of borax, 4-5% of kaolin and 1-2% of talcum powder.

16. The method of making a decorative tile according to claim 1, wherein said enamel comprises the following components in weight percent: 65% of waste brick, 30% of borax, 4% of kaolin and 1% of talcum powder.

17. The method for manufacturing a decorative brick according to claim 1, wherein the waste brick is formed by sintering shale and coal gangue, and the content of the shale is 80-95 wt% and the content of the coal gangue is 5-20 wt% in the waste brick.

18. The method of making a decorative tile according to any one of claims 14-17, wherein said enamel comprises a modifier, said modifier comprising a thickener.

19. The method of making a decorative tile of claim 18, wherein said modifier comprises a thickener and white carbon black provided in a form dispersed in an alcohol solvent.

20. The method of making a decorative tile according to claim 19, wherein said thickening agent comprises a cellulosic thickening agent comprising a combination of one or more of hydroxymethylcellulose and its salts, hydroxyethylcellulose and its salts.

21. The method of making a decorative tile according to claim 19, wherein said alcohol solvent comprises a combination of one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol.