JPH11197605A - Method for separating laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for separating a laminate capable of reusing each layer constituting a sheet-like laminate such as an interior finishing material of a building or the like. SOLUTION: A sheet-like laminate wherein at least one layer in a plurality of layers composed of a material 1 of a low specific gravity, is ground with an impact grinder 5 wherein a sucking air duct 4 is provided at its prescribed position. The material 1 is separated by suction from the ground mixture 7 generated by grinding by sucking an inside 6 of the impact grinder 6 from the sucking air duct 4. The material 1 is a based material 1 consisting of a fibrous material to be selected from a group comprising paper, fabric, knitted goods, nonwoven fabric, and glass fiber mat. The sheet-like laminate is equipped with at least base material 1, and a pattern formed layer comprising foamed and/or nonfoamed synthetic resin. The base material 1 composed of paper, and the pattern formed layer is a surface layer material 2 consisting of a vinyl chloride foam base composition. The impact grinder is a hammer mill 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating a laminate used for an interior material of a building such as a wallpaper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been known that a sheet-like laminate composed of a plurality of layers is used as an interior material of a building such as a wallpaper. On the surface layer constituting the design surface of the sheet-like laminate, a pattern forming layer or the like is formed in a predetermined design by a concavo-convex pattern or the like. May occur.

[0003] In addition, even a finished product having no defective manufacturing may remain in stock as it is without being shipped or used due to the trend of design trends in the market.

[0004] However, such defective products and inventories are discarded as industrial wastes without being effectively used, so that there is a problem that resources are wasted.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to reuse each layer constituting a sheet-like laminate such as an interior material of a building. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating a laminate.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sheet-like laminate in which at least one of a plurality of layers is made of a light specific gravity material, and a suction air duct. By crushing with an impact crusher provided at the predetermined portion and sucking the inside of the impact crusher from the suction air duct, the light specific gravity substance is suction-separated from the crushed mixture generated by the crushing. is there.

A second aspect of the present invention is that a wind separator is connected to the suction air duct in advance, and the light specific material is separated from the light specific gravity suction-separated by the wind separator. Is to separate the heavy specific gravity contained in the wind power.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the light specific gravity material is a substrate made of a fibrous substance selected from the group consisting of paper, woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, and glass fiber mat. It is in.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the sheet-like laminate has at least the substrate and a pattern forming layer made of a foamed and / or non-foamed synthetic resin.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the base material is made of paper, and the pattern forming layer is a surface material made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the impact crusher is a hammer mill.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a plurality of impact hammers, one end of which is rotatably fixed to the rotating body of the hammer mill around an axis parallel to the axial direction of the rotating body, are provided. Each of the plurality of impact hammers is formed into a plate shape, and at least two of the plurality of impact hammers form a set, and each surface direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating body,
In addition, they are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the method for separating a laminate according to this embodiment includes, for example, a substrate (light specific gravity) 1 made of paper (fibrous substance) and a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition. A hammer mill (impact crusher) 5 in which a wallpaper (sheet-like laminate) 3 composed of two layers with a surface layer material (pattern forming layer) 2 is provided with a suction air duct 4 on the side of its discharge side 5a. Crushed by a hammer mill 5
By sucking the inside 6 of the base material from the suction air duct 4, the base material 1 which is a light specific gravity material is suction-separated from the pulverized mixture 7 generated by the pulverization and discharged to the discharge side 5a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wallpaper 3 is formed by, for example, laminating a surface material 2 made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition as a pattern forming layer on the surface 1a of a base material 1 made of paper. mm.

The light specific gravity is not limited to the base material 1 made of a fibrous substance such as paper as in this embodiment, and is compared with other layers such as the surface material 2. Any material having a small specific gravity during pulverization may be used. Further, as the fibrous substance, other than paper, glass fiber mats, or natural fibers such as cotton, synthetic fibers such as polyester,
A woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric made of appropriate fibers such as inorganic fibers such as asbestos and glass fibers may be used. Further, in addition to the surface layer material 2 made of a foamed vinyl chloride composition, the pattern forming layer also includes various foamed and / or non-foamed synthetic resins which are foamed or not foamed at a predetermined magnification, or A foamed synthetic resin and a non-foamed synthetic resin are appropriately compounded by lamination or dispersion. In addition, the sheet-like laminate is not only the wallpaper 3 but also two layers or 3 layers.
Various sheet-like laminates in which at least one layer of a plurality of layers or more is made of a light specific gravity material such as the base material 1 are exemplified.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hammer mill 5 is provided with a rotating body 8 that rotates at a high speed by a motor or the like on its input side 5b, and has a discharge side 5a formed in a case shape. . An input port 9 for inputting a raw material is provided above the rotating body 8, and
A screen 10 having a mesh diameter of several mm and a cross section of, for example, a semicircle is provided below. That is, the pulverized mixture 7 which is generated by being pulverized by the high speed rotation of the rotating body 8 and whose size is almost the same as or smaller than the mesh diameter of the screen 10 passes through the screen 10 and is discharged to the lower discharge side 5a. Is done.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating body 8 is, for example, a rotating shaft 11 that rotates at high speed around a horizontal axis by a motor or the like, and a predetermined angle perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11. For example, a plurality of rotating plates 12 externally fitted to the rotating shaft 11 at intervals and a plurality of rotating plates 12 attached to the rotating shaft 11 so as to pass through the rotating plates 12 in parallel with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11, for example. This is a so-called Baltz-type swing hammer system comprising a plurality of impact hammers 13 having one end 13a rotatably fixed around the axis of four fixing poles 12a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the impact hammer 13 is formed in a rectangular plate shape, for example.
As shown in FIG. 4, the two sheets are arranged as a set, and their plane directions are perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating body 8 and are arranged at a predetermined interval L from each other by, for example, spacers 12b and 12c. ing. In this case, three or more impact hammers 13 may be formed as one set, and the shape in plan view is not limited to a rectangular shape.

The impact crusher is not limited to the above-mentioned hammer mill 5, but may be an impact crusher, a cage mill, an impact plate crusher or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the suction air duct 4 is provided, for example, on the side of the discharge side 5a of the hammer mill 5, and is provided by a transport blower 14 or the like.
The inside 6 can be sucked.

Here, an appropriate wind separator 15 can be connected to the suction air duct 4 in advance as required. The wind separator 15 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a guide wall 15a having a predetermined cross-sectional shape inside in a closed circulation type, and enables wind separation by rotation of a sirocco fan 15b mounted at a predetermined position. I have.

The wind separator 15 is not limited to such a closed-circulation type, and as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the transport blower 14 is connected to the lower side thereof as shown in FIG. Wind separation tower 16 and the wind separation tower 16
A wind separator 18 or the like composed of a bag filter 17 connected to the upper side of the air conditioner may be used.

Next, the operation of the hammer mill 5 and the wind separator 15 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. First, a predetermined size of the wallpaper 3 is inserted through the input port 9 of the hammer mill 5,
If the rotating body 8 is rotated at a high speed, the impact hammer 13
Crushes the wallpaper 3.

If the hammer mill 5 is used as the impact crusher, it can be crushed by a large impact force, a shearing force, or the like.
It is sufficient if it can be inserted from Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to cut the sheet into a small size in advance.

The wallpaper 3 is pulverized by the impact force or shear force of the impact hammer 13 as described above, and is separated into the substrate 1 and the surface material 2.

Here, the two impact hammers 13 are
Since they are arranged at a predetermined interval L in the set, there is an advantage that both the base material 1 and the surface layer material 2 can be separated with high purity. This is because these two impact hammers 13
During this time, the shattered and fragmented wallpaper 3 of a predetermined size is inserted for a predetermined time, and the frictional force between the impact hammer 13 and the wallpaper 3 or the frictional force between the wallpapers 3 greatly contributes at this time. It is considered to be.

The distance L between the two impact hammers 13 may be appropriately adjusted according to the type and thickness of the sheet-like laminate, but the thickness as in this embodiment is several mm. In the case of the wallpaper 3 described above, it is desirable that the thickness be about 10 mm or less, more preferably about 5 mm or less.

Since the base material 1 is made of paper, the above operation crushes and separates into very light fibers constituting the paper. On the other hand, the surface material 2 is fragmented into small pieces having a size substantially equal to or smaller than the mesh diameter of the screen 10. And these base material 1 and surface layer material 2
Are sequentially discharged to the lower discharge side 5a through the screen 10. The screen 1 after a predetermined time has passed
0 in the wallpaper 3 remaining without passing through the surface material 2.
From the substrate 1 is almost completely separated.

Thus, the substrate 1 and the surface material 2
In order to separate the screen hammer with high purity, the mesh diameter of the screen 10 may be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the type and thickness of the sheet-like laminate, similarly to the distance L between the impact hammers 13. In the case of the wallpaper 3 having a thickness of several mm, the thickness is preferably about 5 mm or less, more preferably about 3 mm or less.

Here, if the transport blower 14 and the like are operated in advance before the pulverization, and the inside 6 of the hammer mill 5 is suctioned from the suction air duct 4,
The small pieces of the surface material 2 fall downward due to the weight thereof, but the base material 1, which is a light specific gravity material pulverized into a fibrous shape, is suction-separated from the suction air duct 4. As a result, it can be said that the surface layer material 2 side that falls to the discharge side 5a and the substrate 1 side that is suction-separated from the suction air duct 4 can be separated with high purity of about 95% (weight ratio) or more. There are advantages.

Next, the substrate 1 that has been suction-separated is transported into the wind separator 15 where wind separation is performed.
That is, even when the surface layer material 2 in the form of a strip or a powder having a specific gravity is mixed in the base material 1, it can be removed by wind separation and the operation can be continuously performed, so that the efficiency can be improved. There is an advantage that is good.

As described above, since the light specific gravity such as the base material 1 is suction-separated from the crushed mixture 7, the light specific gravity separated by suction and the surface layer remaining in the impact crusher such as the hammer mill 5 are separated. It can be easily separated from heavy materials such as the material 2. Therefore, they can be reused for other uses without discarding them, and there is an advantage that resources can be effectively used.

The base material 1 made of a fibrous substance selected from the group consisting of paper, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, and glass fiber mat as in this embodiment.
In the case of, as described above, the impact crusher crushes the fibers into the very light fibers constituting them, so that the purity of the light specific gravity material suction-separated from the suction air duct 4 can be further increased. There is an advantage.

Further, the sheet-like laminate has at least a substrate 1 such as paper as described above and a pattern forming layer made of a foamed and / or non-foamed synthetic resin such as the surface layer material 2. In this case, there is an advantage that each layer such as the interior material of a building which has been disposed of in large quantities can be reused. In this case, when the substrate 1 is made of paper and the pattern forming layer is a surface material 2 made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition, the wallpaper 3 which has been conventionally discarded in large quantities
There is an advantage that each layer such as can be reused.

The impact crushers such as the hammer mill 5 and the wind separators 15 and 18 described in this embodiment are merely examples, and various conventionally known devices can be used. .

The position at which the suction air duct 4 is provided is not particularly limited as long as it is a position at which a light specific gravity material such as the base material 1 can be suctioned and separated without any trouble. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, even when the suction air duct 4 is provided above the input side 5b of the hammer mill 5, the light specific gravity material such as the base material 1 is separated by suction from above. Can be.

[0037]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 As a sheet-like laminate, wallpaper composed of a base material made of paper (flame-retardant paper) and a surface material made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition (expansion ratio 2-3 times) (Manufactured by Kanto Leather Co., Ltd., trade name "Hotaka") was used.

The wallpaper was pulverized using a hammer mill (model: WALD15, motor: 7.5 kW, rotation speed: 1500 rpm) as an impact pulverizer. The screen used had a mesh diameter of 3 mm.

A suction air duct is provided on the side of the discharge side of the hammer mill, and the suction air duct is connected to a closed circulation type wind separator (manufactured by Japan Senki Co., Ltd., model: L-750). By operating the transport blower in this state to suck the inside of the hammer mill from the suction air duct, the base material is suction-separated from the pulverized mixture discharged by the pulverization, and then the specific gravity contained therein. The surface material was separated by wind with the closed circulation type wind separator.

Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed, except that a screen having a mesh diameter of 5 mm was used.

Comparative Example 1 The same wallpaper as in Example 1 was used as a sheet-like laminate. As a pulverizer, a cutter mill (manufactured by Sanriki Pulverization Company, trade name "SF-4", capacity: 50 kg
/ H, motor: 5.5 kW) to cut and crush the wallpaper. The screen used had a mesh diameter of 2 mm.

The pulverized mixture discharged by the cutting and pulverization was collected, treated with a cleaning separator (trade name, manufactured by Ein Engineering Co., Ltd.), and separated into a surface material side and a substrate side.

[Comparative Example 2] As the sheet-like laminate, almost the same wallpaper (manufactured by Kanto Leather Co., Ltd., trade name "Hotaka") as in Example 1 was used. Comparative Example 1 as a pulverizer
The wallpaper was cut and pulverized by using the same cutter mill as described above. The screen used had a mesh diameter of 2 mm.

For the wind separation, a wind separator manufactured by Kida Iron Works was used. That is, a first transport blower was connected below the discharge side of the cutter mill, and the first transport blower was connected below the first wind separation tower.
In this state, the first transport blower was operated, and the crushed mixture discharged by the cutting and crushing was sequentially transported to the first wind separation tower to perform the first separation. The substrate side separated by the first separation was collected by a bag filter.

Next, the residue collected under the first wind separation tower by the first separation was transported to the second wind separation tower by the second transport blower to perform the second separation. The substrate side separated by the second separation was also collected by the bag filter.

Further, the residue collected below the second wind separation tower by the second separation is transported to a cyclone separator by a third transport blower, and centrifuged to obtain a surface material that is a heavy specific gravity material. A side granule was obtained.

Examples 1 and 2 described above and Comparative Example 1
The chlorine concentration (weight ratio) on the surface layer side and the substrate side obtained in Comparative Example 2 was measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0049]

[Table 1]

[0050]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light specific gravity substance is suction-separated from the pulverized mixture produced by the pulverization. It is possible to easily separate heavy specific gravity materials such as a surface layer material remaining on the discharge side of an impact crusher such as a mill. Therefore, they can be reused for other uses without discarding them, and there is an advantage that resources can be effectively used.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the wind separator separates the heavy specific gravity contained in the light specific gravity from the suctioned and separated light specific gravity by wind power. In addition, there is an advantage that, even when the specific gravity of another layer is mixed, this can be removed by wind separation.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the light specific gravity material is a substrate made of a fibrous substance selected from the group consisting of paper, woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, and glass fiber mat, The impact pulverizer can pulverize them into the very light fibers constituting them. Therefore, there is an advantage that the purity of the light specific gravity substance that is suction-separated from the suction air duct can be further increased.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the sheet-like laminate has at least the base material and the pattern forming layer made of a foamed and / or non-foamed synthetic resin, the sheet-like laminate has conventionally been produced in large quantities. There is an advantage that each layer such as the interior material of a building that has been discarded can be reused.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the base material is made of paper, and the pattern forming layer is a surface material made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition. There is an advantage that each layer can be reused.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the impact crusher is a hammer mill, which can be crushed by a large impact force, shear force, or the like. What is necessary is just to be able to be charged from the input port of the hammer mill. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to cut the sheet into a small size in advance.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of impact hammers each formed in a plate shape are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other in a set, a plurality of impact hammers are disposed at a predetermined interval from each other. There is an advantage that any other layer such as a surface layer material can be separated with high purity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a method for separating a laminate according to this embodiment, in which a fibrous base material is suction-separated from a suction air duct provided on a side of a discharge side of a hammer mill, and further wind-separated by a wind separator. The schematic explanatory drawing which shows a situation.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic explanatory view of the hammer mill of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the wallpaper of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of a rotating body of the hammer mill of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of the wind separator.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic explanatory view showing a state in which the suction air duct of FIG. 1 is provided above the input side of the hammer mill.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 base material (light specific gravity material) 2 surface layer material (pattern forming layer) 3 wallpaper (sheet-like laminate) 4 suction air duct 5 hammer mill (impact crusher) 6 inside 7 crushed mixture 8 rotating body 13 impact hammer 13a one end side 15, 18 Wind separator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B29K 105: 04 105: 08 309: 08

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A sheet-like laminate in which at least one layer of a plurality of layers is made of a material having a low specific gravity is pulverized by an impact pulverizer having a suction air duct provided at a predetermined portion thereof. A method for separating a laminate, wherein the light specific gravity substance is suction-separated from a pulverized mixture generated by the pulverization by suction from the suction air duct. 2. A wind separator is connected to the suction air duct in advance, and the wind separator separates the heavy specific gravity contained in the light specific gravity from the light specific gravity separated by suction by the wind separator. The method for separating a laminate according to claim 1, wherein the separation is performed. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light specific gravity material is a substrate made of a fibrous substance selected from the group consisting of paper, woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, and glass fiber mat. 3. The method for separating a laminate according to 2. 4. The separation of the laminate according to claim 3, wherein the sheet-like laminate includes at least the base material and a pattern forming layer made of a foamed and / or non-foamed synthetic resin. Method. 5. The method for separating a laminate according to claim 4, wherein the base material is made of paper, and the pattern forming layer is a surface material made of a foamed vinyl chloride-based composition. 6. The method for separating a laminate according to claim 1, wherein the impact crusher is a hammer mill. 7. A plurality of impact hammers, each of which has one end rotatably fixed about an axis parallel to the axial direction of the rotating body, are formed on the rotating body of the hammer mill in a plate shape. At least two of the plurality of impact hammers are arranged as a set, and each of the plurality of impact hammers is arranged at right angles to the axial direction of the rotating body and at a predetermined interval from each other. The method for separating a laminate according to claim 6.