JPH11196886A - Method and apparatus for producing useful substance from waste of beverage and food, method and apparatus for producing alcohol for industry, and method and apparatus for producing clean water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for producing a substance that can be used for producing a variety of substances such as feeds for domestic animal, organic fertilizer from food and beverage wastes. SOLUTION: This method for producing a useful substance from food and beverage wastes comprises the step 1 in which water contained in the wastes is removed, the step 2 in which foreign substances included in the dried wastes are removed, the step 3 in which contaminant-free wastes are crushed, the step 4 in which the crushed wastes are mixed with useful microorganism and the step 5 in which the resultant mixture is fermented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste, and more particularly to garbage and food plants generated in ordinary households, canteens and collective settlements. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food waste (hereinafter referred to as food and drink waste) using effective microorganisms.

[0002] The present invention further relates to a method and apparatus for producing industrial alcohol or purified water from food and beverage waste.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As the standard of living and the development of food culture increase, the amount of household waste increases year by year.
It is a situation that about% is garbage. The increase in the amount of raw garbage is relatively a factor in the increase of landfills, and as a result, it is currently excluded as a major cause of national land pollution.

[0004] In particular, garbage with a water content of 80 to 90% generated in ordinary households and traders, and food waste with a water content of 20 to 30% generated in food factories such as baking are common household waste. Unlike the above, the water content is large, and a large amount of leachate is discharged from the landfill to cause pollution of the surrounding environment.

[0005] In addition, in the summer, food and drink waste promotes spoilage, causing foul odors and polluting the air, and the waste provides a breeding place for pests and serves as a hotbed of disease. There's a problem.

Conventionally, a garbage disposal apparatus used in ordinary households has been proposed. However, a method and an apparatus for producing useful substances on a large scale from food waste generated in large quantities in food factories and the like have not been provided. For example, as food consumption such as meat products increases, cattle,
Since the demand of feed for raising pigs, chickens and seafood is also increasing, it is preferable to produce feed for raising feed from food and drink waste in terms of recycling and environmental protection.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a first object of the present invention is to produce a useful substance which can be used for various uses such as livestock feed and organic fertilizer from food and drink waste. To provide a method and an apparatus that can

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of producing industrial alcohol as a useful substance from food and drink waste. Third of the present invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of producing purified water having a pollution degree of a specified value or less from wastewater generated by dehydrating food and drink waste.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste, which is included in food and drink waste. Dewatering water, removing foreign substances mixed in dehydrated food and drink waste, crushing food and drink waste from which foreign substances have been removed, and crushing food and drink waste. The gist of the present invention is to include a step of producing a mixture by mixing with an effective microorganism, and a step of fermenting the mixture.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a useful substance according to the first aspect, a step of drying the fermented mixture and a step of immobilizing effective microorganisms contained in the dried mixture are provided. The point is to prepare.

[0011] The invention described in claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the method for producing a useful substance described in the above, the gist is that the useful substance is selected from a fermenting agent, a fermented feed and a purifying agent.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an industrial alcohol, comprising the steps of: accommodating a fermented substance in a container and introducing an effective microorganism into the container; and sealing the container to ferment the fermented substance. Aging step, a step of heating and distilling a liquefied substance generated by the fermentation aging step, and a step of condensing steam generated by the heating distillation step to generate distilled water having a predetermined frequency. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing purified water from food and drink waste, comprising the steps of dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste and storing the dehydrated water in a sedimentation tank. The gist of the present invention is to include a step and a step of introducing purified microorganisms into a sedimentation tank to generate purified water.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing industrial alcohol from food and drink waste, comprising the steps of dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste, and dehydrating food and drink waste. A step of removing foreign substances mixed into the object, a step of crushing the food and drink waste from which the foreign substances have been removed, and a step of mixing the crushed food and drink waste with effective microorganisms to produce a mixture, A step of accommodating the mixture in a container and introducing the effective microorganisms into the container and a step of fermenting the mixture by sealing the container, and a step of heat-distilling the liquefied substance produced by the fermentation-ripening step, and a heat distillation step. Condensing the generated water vapor to generate a predetermined number of distilled water.

[0015] The invention according to claim 7 is an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste, comprising: an apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste; and a dehydrated food and drink waste. A device for removing foreign substances mixed into food, a device for crushing food and drink waste from which foreign substances have been removed, and a device for producing a fermented mixture by mixing crushed food and drink waste with effective microorganisms And a device for drying the fermented mixture, and a device for immobilizing effective microorganisms contained in the dried mixture.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for producing a useful substance according to the seventh aspect, a water tank for storing water dehydrated by the dehydration device is provided.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for producing a useful substance according to the seventh aspect, further comprising a storage tank for effective microorganisms connected to the mixing apparatus. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for producing a useful substance according to the seventh aspect, the apparatus is disposed between a drying device and an immobilization device, and stores the dried mixture generated by the drying device. The point is to have a silo.

An invention according to claim 11 is an apparatus for producing purified water from food and drink waste, comprising: an apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste; and a water storage tank for storing the dehydrated water. It is another object of the present invention to provide a multi-stage sedimentation tank for purifying water by the action of effective microorganisms to generate purified water while causing the water contained in the water storage tank to flow stepwise.

The invention according to claim 12 is an apparatus for producing industrial alcohol, which comprises a reaction tank for heating and distilling aging fermented food and drink waste, and a reaction tank produced by heating distillation in the reaction tank. And a condenser for condensing the steam and producing distilled water of a predetermined frequency.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a method and apparatus of the present invention for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a process chart for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste using an effective microorganism. FIG. 2 to FIG.
It is the schematic of the apparatus which manufactures a useful substance from food and drink waste using an effective microorganism. The apparatus for producing a useful substance mainly includes a hopper 10, a dehydrating apparatus 20, a transfer container 30 as a sorting apparatus, a first crushing apparatus 40, a mixing apparatus 50, a first storage silo 60, a second crushing apparatus 80, a drying apparatus 90, A second storage silo 100 and a ball mill 100 are included.

Food and beverage waste collected by a collection vehicle from a general household, a cafeteria, a group residence area, or a food factory is put into the hopper 10 in a lump. The dehydrating device 20 includes the hopper 1
0, a transfer screw 26 arranged to be inclined from the inside to the outside, a drive motor 22 for rotating and driving the transfer screw 26, and a dewatering net 24 arranged around the transfer screw 26 outside the hopper 10. And Then, the transfer screw 26 is rotationally driven by the driving force of the drive motor 22, and the food and drink waste put into the hopper 10 is transferred obliquely upward in the direction indicated by the arrow. When the food and drink waste transferred by the transfer screw 26 passes through the dewatering net 24, the water contained in the food and drink waste is discharged from the dewatering net 24, and the water stored below the dewatering net 24 is stored. It is dropped in the tank 200. About 80% of the water contained in the food and drink waste is dehydrated by the dehydrator 20 (step 1 in FIG. 1).

The transfer container 30 is located at an end of the dewatering device 20, that is, at a first end overlapping below the end of the dewatering net 24 surrounding the transfer screw 26, and at a position above the first end. Having a second end.
Therefore, the transfer container 30 is disposed adjacent to the dewatering device 20 so as to face obliquely upward. Dehydrator 20
The food and drink waste dehydrated by the above is transferred onto the transfer container 30, and foreign substances (metal, vinyl, plastic pieces, etc.) mixed in the food and drink waste are removed on the transfer container 30 (step 2). ). Examples of the method of removing foreign substances include a method of removing foreign substances by a human, a method of detecting foreign substances using a sensor, and removing the foreign substances by a mechanical pickup device.

The first crushing device 40 is disposed below the second end of the transfer container 30 and includes a hopper 40a for accommodating food and drink waste falling from the second end of the transfer container 30; A roller 44 for finely crushing food and drink waste stored in the hopper 40a and a drive motor 42 for rotating the roller 44 are provided. That is,
By rotating the roller 44 by the drive motor 42, the food and beverage waste stored in the hopper 40a is continuously crushed (step 3). In the first crushing device 40, a transfer belt conveyor 45 is disposed so as to be inclined obliquely upward from the lower portion of the first crushing device 40 to the outside, and the food and drink waste crushed by the first crushing device 40 is mixed. It is transferred to the device 50.

The mixing device 50 is disposed below the upper end of the transfer belt conveyor 45. The mixing device 50 receives the crushed food and beverage waste transferred from the transfer belt conveyor 45 and receives the effective microorganisms stored in the first storage silo 60 via the transfer pipe 64. Then, the mixing device 50 mixes the crushed food and drink waste and the effective microorganisms using the rotational driving force of the motor 52 (step 4). Then, the mixture is discharged through the outlet 54 as shown in FIG.
To the second crushing device 80.

In the present embodiment, the effective microorganism is a trade name E
M-SK aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (aspergillus, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, nitrate reducing bacteria, etc.) are used. The mixing ratio of the effective microorganisms to the crushed food and drink waste is preferably about 7: 3. According to this mixing ratio, the crushed food and drink waste and the effective microorganisms are mixed in the mixing device 50, and the crushed food and drink waste is fermented by the effective microorganism (bacteria) during the mixing.

The second crushing device 80 is disposed near the mixing device 50, receives the mixture from the mixing device 50 through the discharge port 54, and crushes or crushes the mixture into high quality powder by the crushing roller 84. The mixture crushed by the second crushing device is transferred to the adjacent drying device 90 via the transfer screw 86.

The drying device 90 includes a first dryer 94 and a second dryer 96. These first and second dryers 94, 9
The heat source supplied to 6 can use waste heat from a destruction furnace of a garbage incineration plant. Waste heat of incinerator is first and second
Blowers 91 installed in drying devices 94 and 96, respectively.
93 feeds into first and second drying devices 94 and 96. The first and second drying devices 94 and 96 are provided with first and second conveyors 97 and 9 for transferring the crushed mixture.
9, when the crushed mixture is transferred by the first and second conveyors 97, 99, the blowers 91, 9
Drying with hot air from 3 produces a semi-finished product (step 5). The temperature of the hot air supplied from the blowers 91 and 93 is preferably from 100 ° C to 500 ° C.

The semi-finished product generated by the drying device 90 is put into and stored in a second storage silo 100 shown in FIG. Further, the semi-finished product stored in the second storage silo 100 is charged into the ball mill 110, and the ball mill 1
Within 10 the effective microorganisms are immobilized. In this immobilization step, nutritional substances such as fish meal, oil cake, molasses, fruits and the like or desiccants may be added to the semi-finished product. Thus, the ball mill 110
The semi-finished product is processed into granules or pellets to complete the product. This product is a fermented feed, fermenting agent, soil improvement, water purification agent, odor removing agent,
It can be used for various applications such as insect repellents. Furthermore,
By recycling food and beverage waste and using it for livestock feed and the like, the amount of waste to be reclaimed can be reduced and environmental destruction due to leachate from the waste can be prevented. The processing capacity of the useful substance producing apparatus of the present invention is about 100 tons per day.

The water is dehydrated by the dehydrator 20 and is stored in the water tank 20.
The wastewater of food and beverage waste stored in the tank 0 is purified when passing through the multi-stage sedimentation tank 210, and is drained from the sedimentation tank 210. That is, the wastewater purifying apparatus is formed by the water storage tank 200 and the multi-stage sedimentation tank 210. Water tank 20
The zero- and multi-stage sedimentation tank 210 is charged with a fermenting agent or an effective microorganism as a useful substance produced according to the present invention, and the fermenting agent or the effective microorganism improves the purification of wastewater. When the fermenting agent or the effective microorganism produced according to the present invention is used, the water pollution degree of wastewater dropped first in the water storage tank 200 is about 2000 ppm, but in the water storage tank 200 and the multi-stage sedimentation tank 210, As a result of purifying for about 10 to 20 days, the water pollution degree was reduced to about 40 ppm. As described above, the wastewater purifying apparatus of the present invention can produce purified water having a degree of pollution equal to or less than a specified value from wastewater of food waste.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention for producing industrial alcohol from food and beverage waste will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process for producing industrial alcohol according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a device for producing industrial alcohol according to the second embodiment of the present invention. . Industrial alcohol production equipment mainly comprises a reaction tank 30
0, a condenser (condenser) 310 and a condensed water storage tank 320 are provided.

The primary fermentation product produced in the mixing device 50 by mixing the effective microorganisms and the crushed food and drink waste is used as a raw material for industrial alcohol. The primary fermented product is stored in a plastic tank or packing tank in units of 500 kg, and after adding and mixing a certain amount of effective microorganisms therein, the plastic tank is completely sealed. 20-30 in this state
The first fermentation product is left to ferment and mature for days. Thereafter, the first fermentation product is boiled and liquefied for a predetermined time (step 1). The liquid generated by boiling is supplied to the reaction tank 3
00 and heated for a predetermined time. Water vapor generated by the heating is transferred to the condenser 310 via the transfer pipe 302.
And condensed water is generated by heat exchange with the cooling substance in the condenser 310 (step 2 (distillation step)). The condensed water was alcohol at 20 to 60 degrees, and it was confirmed that the condensed water could be industrially used for quality. And the condensed water is stored in the condensed water storage tank 3
20.

In the second embodiment, instead of the primary fermentation product generated by the mixing device 50, purified wastewater generated by a wastewater purification device including a water storage tank 200 and a multi-stage sedimentation tank 210 is used for industrial use. You may use as a raw material of alcohol.

[0035]

As described in detail above, according to the first to third and seventh to tenth aspects of the present invention, it is useful for various uses such as food and drink waste, livestock feed, organic fertilizer and the like. It has an excellent effect that a substance can be produced.

According to the fourth, sixth and twelfth aspects of the invention, there is an excellent effect that industrial alcohol as a useful substance can be produced from food and drink waste. According to the invention as set forth in claims 5 and 11, it is possible to purify wastewater generated by dehydration of food and beverage waste by using effective microorganisms, and to produce purified water having a degree of pollution equal to or less than a specified value. It has the effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a process diagram of a method for producing industrial alcohol from food and drink waste according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an apparatus for producing industrial alcohol from food and drink waste according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 ... dehydrating device, 30 ... sorting device (removing device), 40 ...
Crushing storage, 50 ... mixing device, 90 ... drying device, 110 ...
Ball mill (fixation device), 200: storage tank, 60: storage silo (storage tank), 210: multi-stage sedimentation tank, 300:
Reaction tank, 310 ... condenser.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (71) Applicant 598111836 Nam Won Jin Republic of Korea Incheon-si-Sok Kaja-dong 540-2 (72) Inventor Mun Ta-e-gu South Korea Seoul-si Yoon-Don-Park Yoaido-Don 54 Jinju Apartment C-103 (72) Inventor Hugil South Korea Seoul-Shi Dongjak-Daek-bang-Dong 520 Hyundae Apartment 101-1004 (72) Inventor Nam Won-Jin South Korea Incheon-Sik Souk Khajya-dong 540- 2

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste, comprising the steps of dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste, and removing foreign substances mixed in the dehydrated food and drink waste. A process of crushing food and drink waste from which foreign substances have been removed; a process of mixing the crushed food and drink waste with effective microorganisms to produce a mixture; and a process of fermenting the mixture. Method for producing useful substances. 2. The method for producing a useful substance according to claim 1, comprising: a step of drying the fermented mixture; and a step of immobilizing effective microorganisms contained in the dried mixture. 3. The method for producing a useful substance according to claim 1, wherein the useful substance is selected from a fermenting agent, a fermented feed and a purifying agent. 4. A method for producing an industrial alcohol, comprising the steps of: accommodating a fermentation substance in a container and introducing an effective microorganism into the container; and fermenting and aging the fermentation substance by sealing the container. A method for producing industrial alcohol, comprising: a step of heat-distilling a liquefied substance generated in the step; and a step of condensing steam generated in the heat-distillation step to generate a predetermined number of distilled water. 5. A method for producing purified water from food and drink waste, comprising: a step of dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste; a step of storing the dehydrated water in a sedimentation tank; A step of introducing purified microorganisms to produce purified water. 6. A method for producing industrial alcohol from food and drink waste, comprising: a step of dehydrating water contained in the food and drink waste; and a step of removing foreign substances mixed in the dehydrated food and drink waste. Removing the food and beverage waste from which foreign substances have been removed, mixing the disrupted food and beverage waste with effective microorganisms to form a mixture, and placing the mixture in a container. The step of introducing effective microorganisms into a container, the step of fermenting and aging the mixture by sealing the container, the step of heating and distilling the liquefied substance produced by the fermentation aging step, and the step of condensing water vapor generated by the heating distillation step. And producing a predetermined number of distilled water. 7. An apparatus for producing a useful substance from food and drink waste, comprising: an apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste; and removing foreign substances mixed in the dehydrated food and drink waste. Equipment that disrupts food and drink waste from which foreign substances have been removed, a device that mixes the crushed food and beverage waste with effective microorganisms to produce a fermented mixture, and dries the fermented mixture. And a device for immobilizing effective microorganisms contained in the dried mixture. 8. The apparatus for producing a useful substance according to claim 7, further comprising a water tank for storing water dehydrated by the dehydrator. 9. The apparatus for producing a useful substance according to claim 7, further comprising a storage tank for an effective microorganism connected to the mixing apparatus. 10. The apparatus for producing a useful substance according to claim 7, further comprising a silo disposed between the drying apparatus and the immobilization apparatus, for storing a dried mixture generated by the drying apparatus. 11. An apparatus for producing purified water from food and drink waste, comprising: an apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food and drink waste; a water storage tank for storing the dehydrated water; and a water storage tank. An apparatus for producing purified water, comprising: a multi-stage sedimentation tank for purifying moisture by the action of effective microorganisms to generate purified water while causing the water to flow in stages. 12. An apparatus for producing industrial alcohol, comprising: a reaction tank for heating and distilling aged and fermented food and drink waste; and a water vapor produced by the heat distillation in the reaction tank, condensed to a predetermined temperature. An apparatus for producing industrial alcohol, comprising: a condenser for producing distilled water having a frequency.