JPH11167910A - Sealed lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain high output without sacrificing service life performance by allowing a separator having a specific maximum pore diameter combed mainly from acid-proof fiber to abut to a positive electrode plate and a separator having a specific maximum pore diameter mainly combed from silicon dioxide to abut to a negative electrode plate. SOLUTION: In a retainer type sealed lead-acid battery having an interpole dimension less than 1 mm, the battery is constituted by respectively allowing a separator having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm mainly combed from acid-proof fiber to abut to a positive electrode plate and a separator having a maximum pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm which is combed mainly from silicon dioxide (silica) to abut to a negative electrode plate. A plate group is manufactured by welding lug parts having the same polarity by alternately stacking them by the required number. Therefore, high output of the retainer type sealed lead-acid battery having the same outside diameter size can be attained by a technique of increasing the plate number, even when an interpole dimension is less than 1 mm to avoid or reduce the possibility of a short circuit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealed lead-acid battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional ordinary closed-type lead-acid battery of the retainer type comprises a non-formed positive electrode plate and an un-formed negative electrode plate formed mainly of fine glass fibers and having a maximum thickness of 1 to 30 μm. After alternately stacking via a mat-shaped separator (glass separator) having a hole diameter, the lugs of the electrode plates of the same polarity are connected by welding to form an electrode plate group, which is stored in a battery case, A lid having an exhaust opening is welded or bonded with an adhesive, dilute sulfuric acid is injected into the storage battery from the opening, and then water or air is cooled to supply electricity while suppressing an excessive rise in the temperature of the storage battery. It is manufactured by a method (so-called battery case formation).

[0003]

However, in recent years, sealed lead-acid batteries of the retainer type have come to be widely used as power supplies for cycle use of electric vehicles, and the accelerating performance is not inferior to that of gasoline vehicles. In order to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle itself and the electric vehicle itself, it has been required to increase the output of the storage battery.

In order to increase the output of a sealed lead-acid battery of the same external size, it is necessary to increase the number of electrode plates, that is, the number of electrode plates in a cell, by using thin electrode plates. In addition, the distance between the electrodes is less than 1 mm.

For this reason, a conventional retainer-type sealed lead-acid battery in which bipolar plates are isolated only by a mat-shaped separator (glass separator) having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm and mainly made of fine glass fiber. For example, when the storage battery is completely discharged and left in a state where the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution is lowered, lead of the negative electrode plate is eluted into the electrolytic solution, and the pores of the mat-like separator (glass separator) serving as the separator are removed. To cause a so-called osmotic short circuit, which eventually leads to a possibility of a short circuit.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a paper made mainly of acid-resistant fibers having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30.
μm separator on the positive electrode plate, silicon dioxide (silica)
The above-mentioned problems in the closed lead-acid battery of the retainer type having a gap between the electrodes of less than 1 mm by forming a separator having a maximum pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm, which is mainly made of a material, in contact with the negative electrode plate. That is what we are trying to solve.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to a retainer-type sealed lead-acid battery having a gap between electrodes of less than 1 mm, comprising a separator made of mainly acid-resistant fibers and having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm. In order to avoid or reduce the danger of short circuit, a separator made mainly of silicon dioxide (silica) and having a maximum pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm is in contact with the negative electrode plate. Is what you do. As a result, a high output of the retainer type sealed lead-acid battery of the same external size can be achieved by a method of increasing the number of electrode plates even when the distance between the electrodes is less than 1 mm.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on embodiments.

Calcium Ca: 0.05-0.12wt
%, Tin Sn; a positive electrode paste filled with a positive electrode paste in an antimony-free lead alloy grid containing 0.2 to 1.0% by weight has a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 3 mainly made of acid-resistant fiber. Using a 30 μm separator, Ca;
0.05 to 0.12 wt%, Sn; 0 to 0.7 wt%,
A negative electrode plate in which a negative electrode paste is filled in an antimony-free lead alloy lattice containing aluminum Al; 0 to 0.02 wt% is formed mainly of silicon dioxide (silica) and has a maximum pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm. Using the separator, while abutting on each electrode plate surface, alternately stack the required number of pieces and weld the ears of the same polarity electrode plates to produce an electrode group, insert this into the battery case, Is welded to the battery case and 2V
To assemble a 60 Ah / 3 hR closed type lead storage battery of a retainer type.

[0010] At this time, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate used were specially prepared and manufactured so as to reduce the thickness variation of each part of the electrode plate and to reliably obtain the target distance between the electrodes. .

The distance between the poles is from 1.2 mm to 0.6 mm.
The resistance lead test was performed using these sealed lead-acid batteries in four types of 0.2 mm increments.

[0012] This resistance standing test is based on
Acceleration test for short-circuited short-circuit, in which the two terminals of a storage battery are short-circuited with a resistance wire after being discharged at a 3-hour rate current, left in the gas phase for 3 weeks, and then repeatedly charged and overcharged at a constant voltage. Then, during the cycle, charging / discharging becomes impossible, that is, the storage battery which has reached the end of its life is dismantled and the state and degree of permeation or short circuit are confirmed.

As a comparative example, a conventional sealed lead-acid battery of the same type, made mainly of fine glass fibers and having bipolar plates separated only by a glass separator having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm, was assembled with the same contents. A resistance test was also conducted.

Table 1 shows a list of test results.

[0015]

[Table 1] First, in the case of the retainer-type sealed lead-acid battery of the present invention, in all the gaps between the poles, there was no case in which charging / discharging became impossible even after the elapse of four cycles. On the other hand,
A comparative storage battery mainly composed of fine glass fibers and having both pole plates isolated only by a glass separator having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm is a product having a gap of 0.6 mm in two cycles and a gap of 0.8 mm. However, in three cycles, charging and discharging became impossible. When these storage batteries were disassembled, the penetration progressed and short-circuiting occurred.

In this embodiment, the glass having an average fiber diameter of 0.8 μm was used as the acid-resistant fiber of the separator having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm, which is in contact with the positive electrode plate. This is because considering that the average fiber diameter is 1 μm or more, the holding performance of the electrolyte is not sufficient. In addition, synthetic fibers may be used as long as they can secure liquid retention and have acid resistance.

The separator having a maximum pore size of 0.01 to 1 μm, which is in contact with the negative electrode plate, is formed by sheeting synthetic silica obtained by mixing a small amount of fine glass fibers and organic fibers.

[0018]

According to the present invention, a separator mainly made of acid-resistant fiber and having a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 μm is formed on a positive electrode plate and silicon dioxide (silica) is mainly formed. .1 to 1 μm separator on the negative electrode plate,
It is characterized in that it is incorporated in a closed lead-acid battery of a retainer type having a configuration in which it is in contact with each other and a gap between the electrodes is less than 1 mm.

Accordingly, in order to increase the output of a sealed sealed lead-acid battery of the same external size, when the number of electrode plates in the cell is increased, even when the distance between the electrodes is less than 1 mm, the life performance is improved. Without sacrificing power.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A positive electrode plate made of a separator mainly made of acid-resistant fiber and having a maximum pore size of 1 to 30 μm, and a separator made mainly of silicon dioxide (silica) having a maximum pore size of 0.01 to 1 μm. A sealed lead-acid battery in which the distance between the electrodes is less than 1 mm, wherein the separators abut on the negative electrode plate.