JPH11149566A - Three-dimensional cg plotting device for curved surface display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device where a bent three-dimensional CG image is not plotted on the boundary line of a square which constitutes a mesh by providing a curved surface coordinate system triangle plotting rectangular area calculating part for calculating a rectangular area for plotting a triangle in a curved surface display frame memory. SOLUTION: The curved surface coordinate system triangle plotting rectangular area calculating part 120 calculates the rectangular area for plotting the triangle in the curved surface display frame memory 170. A curved surface coordinate system triangle inside/outside judging part 130 judges the inside/ outside of the triangle by a curved surface display device coordinate system. A plane →curved surface display coordinate converting table 150 converts a plane display device coordinate value into a curved surface display device coordinate value. A curved surface → plane display coordinate converting table 160 converts the curved surface display device coordinate value into the plane display device coordinate value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional CG drawing apparatus for generating a plurality of triangles constituting a figure arranged in a three-dimensional space on a frame memory. In order to write a triangle in the frame memory for displaying the curved surface display, a triangle drawing rectangular area calculation unit for the curved surface coordinate system that calculates a rectangular area for drawing a triangle and a device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display determine whether the triangle is inside or outside. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional CG rendering apparatus having a curved surface coordinate system triangle inside / outside determination unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional general three-dimensional CG drawing apparatus which does not have a triangular drawing rectangular area calculating unit for a curved surface coordinate system and a triangular inside / outside judging unit for a curved surface coordinate system, which are typical features of the present invention, will be described.

(Processing device according to the prior art) FIG. 9 shows a processing method according to the prior art for generating a three-dimensional CG image on a frame memory which is generated for displaying a figure arranged in a three-dimensional space on a curved display. A cube defined in the modeling coordinate shape, a curved display display system shown in FIG. 10, and a three-dimensional display for displaying the curved display shown in FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a two-dimensional CG image displayed on a flat display, and FIG.
2 and a flow chart of the three-dimensional CG image for curved display display shown in FIG. 13 and the three-dimensional CG image for flat display shown in FIG.
This will be described using the process of converting to an image.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram 1310 designated by the application on the modeling coordinate system, and vertices 1320-1 to 1320-8 of the diagram 1310.

FIG. 10 shows a curved display 1410 and a projector 142 for projecting onto the curved display 1410.
0, a three-dimensional CG image 1430 for displaying a curved surface display displayed on the curved surface display 1410.

FIG. 11 shows a flat display 1510 and a three-dimensional CG image 1520 for displaying a curved display displayed on the flat display 1510.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a process for generating a three-dimensional CG image 1430 for displaying a curved surface display from a three-dimensional figure 1310 arranged on a modeling coordinate system in a three-dimensional space. 1610, processing for converting the vertices 1320-1 to 8 defined in the system into vertex coordinates of a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display by performing coordinate transformation of translation, rotation, enlargement / reduction, and perspective projection transformation. The color values and Z values of all the pixels inside the side connecting the three vertex coordinates of the device coordinate system generated in 1610 by a straight line are linearly complemented using the device coordinate values, color values, and Z values of the three vertices. Step 1620 of calculating and writing the calculated color values of the pixels to the frame memory for displaying the flat panel display. Processing 1630, Processing 1 for Copying 3D CG Image for Display Display to Texture Memory
The three-dimensional CG image for display on the flat display copied to the texture memory in 630 is treated as a texture image, and texture-mapped to a mesh-like polygon having a curved surface to perform 3D CG for display on the curved display.
Processing 1640 for generating a dimensional CG image.

FIG. 13 shows a texture memory 1710, a three-dimensional CG image 1720 written on the texture memory 1710 for display on a flat display, and a mesh-like polygon 173 having a curved surface adapted for display on a curved display.
0. However, the polygon 1730 has a 4 × 4 mesh shape for convenience of explanation.

[0009]

(Problems of the processing method according to the prior art) In the processing method according to the prior art, (a) In the processing 1640, a three-dimensional C for displaying a flat display is used.
Since the mesh-like polygon 1730 is used to convert the G image into a three-dimensional CG image for display on a curved display, a three-dimensional CG image bent on a quadrangular boundary line constituting the mesh is drawn. The three-dimensional CG image for flat display by 1630 is transferred from the frame memory to the texture memory 17.
10 requires a process of copying, and takes time to copy. (C) In process 1640, three-dimensional C for displaying a curved surface display
It takes time to draw a polygon 1730 on a mesh while texture mapping to generate a G image. (D) A problem arises in that a new texture memory 1710 for texture mapping used in the process 1640 is required.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a three-dimensional CG image 15 for displaying a curved surface display as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained by converting a three-dimensional figure arranged in a three-dimensional space as shown in FIG.
In the process of generating the 20, (a) a triangle drawing rectangular area calculation unit for a curved surface coordinate system that calculates a rectangular area for drawing a triangle in a frame memory for displaying a curved surface display, and (b) a device coordinate system for displaying a curved surface display. Triangle inside / outside judgment unit for curved surface coordinate system that performs inside / outside judgment of triangle, (c)
A plane-to-surface display coordinate conversion table for converting device coordinates on the frame memory for displaying a flat display to device coordinates on a three-frame memory for displaying a curved display, (d) from a device coordinate on the frame memory for displaying a curved surface display The problem of the prior art is solved by newly providing a curved surface → plane display coordinate conversion table for converting to device coordinates on a three-frame memory for flat display display.

A rectangular area calculating section 120 for calculating a rectangular area, a triangle inside / outside determining section 130, a plane → curved surface display coordinate conversion table, and a curved surface → plane display coordinate conversion table which are typical features of the present invention are shown in FIG. A three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus for displaying a curved surface display for drawing a triangle constituting a figure arranged on a three-dimensional space in a frame memory for displaying a curved surface display, and a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display shown in FIG. A description will be given with reference to a diagram showing the upper triangle and a diagram showing the triangle on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display and its circumscribed rectangle shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows a vertex coordinate conversion unit 110 for converting three vertices of a triangle from a modeling coordinate system to a device coordinate system, and a rectangular area calculation unit for calculating a rectangular area for drawing a triangle in a frame memory for displaying a curved surface display. 120, a triangle inside / outside determination unit 130, which calculates device coordinates for displaying a flat display on all the pixels in the rectangular area and determines whether or not the pixel is included in a triangle having the device coordinate shape for displaying the flat display, inside / outside the triangle After calculating the color value of the pixel determined to be inside the triangle by the unit 130 and performing the hidden surface elimination process, the pixel generation unit 140 writes the pixel into the frame memory for displaying the curved surface display with the calculated pixel color, and the pixel generation unit 140 for displaying the flat display. Plane to convert from device coordinates to device coordinates for surface display Bull 150, curved display curved → plane coordinate conversion table 160 for converting the devices coordinates for display on devices coordinates for a flat display representation, a frame memory 170 for curved display displaying and 110, 120, 130,
And a three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus 180 for displaying a curved surface display, which comprises 150, 160 and 170.

FIG. 2 shows three vertices 210-1, 2, 3, and three vertices 210-1, 2-1, 2-2 on the device coordinate system for displaying a flat display calculated by the vertex coordinate conversion unit 110.
3 on the side connecting lines 3 with straight lines. . . , 1
It is composed of a triangle 230 surrounded by sides connecting two or three vertices 210-1, 2, and 3 with straight lines.

FIG. 3 shows the transformed triangles 310 and the pixels on the sides of the triangle 230 when the triangle 230 shown in FIG. 2 is transformed into the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display. Device coordinates 320-1 to 12-12 transformed into triangles and transformed triangle 3
And a rectangular area 330 circumscribing the reference numeral 10.

(Explanation of Curved Display Display Pixel Developing Apparatus) The curved display three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described along a processing flow.

The vertex coordinate conversion unit 110 performs coordinate conversion such as translation, rotation, enlargement and reduction, and perspective projection conversion on the vertex coordinates defined by the modeling coordinate system issued by the three-dimensional CG application, thereby displaying a flat display. Vertex coordinates 210 in device coordinate system for
Convert to -1, 2, 3.

Triangle drawing rectangular area calculation unit 1 for curved surface coordinate system
Reference numeral 20 denotes the coordinates of the pixels 220-1 to 220-12 on the side connecting the three vertices 210-1, 2, and 3 with straight lines, by using the plane → curved surface coordinate conversion table 150 to obtain device coordinates for displaying a curved surface display. 320-1 to 320-12. The device coordinates 320-1 to 320-12 are the transformed triangle 3 on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display.
It is located on the side of the curve of 10. Further, coordinates 32
By calculating the maximum value and the minimum value in each of the X direction and the Y direction of the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display from 0-1 to 12-12, the deformation on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display was performed. A rectangle 330 circumscribing the triangle 310 is calculated.

The inside / outside determination unit 130 for the curved surface coordinate system includes:
By using the curved surface → plane coordinate conversion table 160 for all the pixels inside the rectangular region 330 on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display calculated by the curved surface coordinate system triangle drawing rectangular region calculation unit 120, Calculate coordinates on the device coordinate system for display. Further, it is determined whether or not the calculated coordinates are included in the triangle 230 on the device coordinate system for displaying the flat display.

The pixel generator 140 determines the coordinates of the pixel on the device coordinate system for displaying a flat display, and the coordinates of the pixel determined to be included inside the triangle 240 by the inside / outside triangle for curved surface coordinate system. Two vertices 210
Using the vertex coordinates and vertex colors of −1, 2, and 3, the pixel color and the Z value are calculated. Further, hidden surface processing is performed using the calculated Z value, and a frame memory 1 for displaying a curved surface display is displayed.
The pixel is written in the pixel color calculated at 70.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus for displaying a curved display according to the present invention is shown in FIG. A triangle on a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display shown in FIG. 3, a triangle on a device coordinate system for displaying a curved display shown in FIG. 3, and coordinate values and Z values of three vertices of the triangle shown in FIG. A table including color values, a table including device coordinate values for displaying a planar display and device coordinate values for displaying a curved surface of pixels on three sides of the triangle in FIG. A table for converting a device coordinate system for displaying a display to a device coordinate system for displaying a curved surface display, and device coordinates for displaying a curved surface display shown in FIG. To a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display, and a coordinate value, a Z value, a color value, and the like of all pixels within a rectangle circumscribing the distorted triangle on the device coordinate system for displaying a curved surface display shown in FIG. Description will be made using a table including the determination result of the triangle inside / outside determination unit 130.

(Explanation of the Configuration) FIG.
A table containing coordinate values, Z values, and color values of two vertices,
710-1,2,3 indicating the coordinate values of the three vertices 210-1,2,3 of the triangle;
720-1,2,3 indicating Z values of 2,3; 730-1, indicating color values of three vertices 210-1,2,3 of the triangle;
2 and 3.

FIG. 8 shows coordinate values of all pixels on three sides of the triangle in FIG. 6 and device coordinate values for displaying a curved surface display obtained by converting these coordinate values using a plane → curved surface coordinate conversion table. It is a table, and coordinate values 810-1 to 810-1 of all the elements 220-1 to 12 on three sides of the triangle
2. Device coordinate values 820-1 to 820-12 for displaying a curved display obtained by converting the coordinate values 810-1 to 810-12 using a plane → curved surface coordinate conversion table.

FIG. 6 shows a table 910 for holding device coordinate values for displaying a curved display corresponding to device coordinate values of all pixels on a frame memory for displaying a flat display. However, for convenience of explanation, only the integer part of the set value in the table 910 is described, and the size of the frame memory for displaying a flat display is set to 1024 × 7.
One example of the plane → curved surface coordinate conversion table when 68 is set is shown.

FIG. 7 is composed of a table 1010 for holding device coordinate values for flat display display corresponding to device coordinate values of all pixels on the frame memory for curved display display. However, for convenience of explanation, only the integer part of the set value in the table 1010 is described, and the size of the frame memory for displaying the curved display is set to 1024 ×
An example of a curved surface → plane coordinate conversion table in the case of 768 is shown.

FIG. 8 shows the pixel coordinates, the Z value, the color value, and the judgment result of the triangle inside / outside judgment unit 130 for all the pixels inside the rectangle 340 circumscribing the triangle on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display. Value of the pixel inside the rectangle 330 circumscribing the triangle 310
110-1 to n, coordinate values 1120-1 to 1120-1 obtained by converting coordinate values 1110-1 to n into a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display using a curved surface to plane coordinate conversion table.
n, the result 1 determined by the triangle inside / outside determination unit 130 for the pixel inside the rectangle 330 circumscribing the triangle 310
130-1 to 130-n, the Z value 1140-1 to n of the pixel inside the rectangle 330 circumscribing the triangle 310, and the color value 1150-1 to the pixel inside the rectangle 330 circumscribing the triangle 310
n.

(Explanation of Operation) Using the graphic shown in FIG.
The processing operation of the three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus for displaying a curved display shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

The vertex coordinate converter 110 converts the vertices 1320-1 to 1320-8 of the triangle 1310 forming the figure shown in FIG. 9 into a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display. One of the triangles after conversion is shown in FIG. 2 as a representative, and three vertices 210-
1,2,3 coordinate values 710-1,2,3 and Z value 720-
FIG. 4 shows 1, 2, 3, and color values 730-1, 2, 3,.

The rectangular area calculation unit 120 calculates device coordinate values 810-1 to 810-12 for display on a flat display of the pixels 220-1 to 220-12 on each side of the triangle 230 by using a plane → curved surface coordinate conversion table. The coordinates are converted into coordinate values 820-1 to 820-12 on a device coordinate system for displaying a curved display. Further, by calculating the maximum value and the minimum value for the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of the device coordinate system among the coordinate values 820-1 to 820-12, respectively, the deformed triangle 310 on the device coordinate system for displaying the curved surface display is calculated. Is calculated. In this case, the rectangular area is (10
4, 2)-(109, 6).

The triangle inside / outside determination unit 130 outputs a triangle 310
Coordinates 1110 − of all pixels inside the rectangle 330 circumscribing
For 1 to n, a curved surface → plane coordinate conversion table 1010
Are used to calculate the coordinate values 1120-1 to 1120-n of the device coordinate system for displaying a flat display. Further, results 1130-1 to 1130-12 show whether or not each coordinate value 1120-1 to n is included in the triangle 230 on the device coordinate system for displaying a flat display.

The pixel generation unit 140 includes a triangle inside / outside determination unit 1
For all pixels determined to be inside the triangle 230 at 30,
Pixel color values 1140-1 to n and Z values 1150-1 to n
Is linearly complemented using the coordinate values 710-1,2,3 of the three vertices 220-1,2,3 of the triangle 130, the Z values 720-1,2,3, and the color values 730-1,2,3. And calculate.
Further, hidden surface processing is performed using the Z values 1150-1 to 1150 -n, and the color values 1140-1 to 1140-1 to the device coordinates 1110-1 to 1110 -n of the frame memory 170 for displaying the curved surface display.
Write n pixels.

The processing unit 1 shown in FIG. 1 performs processing on all the triangles constituting the figure arranged in the three-dimensional space shown in FIG.
By implementing 10, 120, 130, 140,
A three-dimensional CG image for display on a curved display shown in FIG. 11 is obtained.

[0031]

According to the present invention, since (A) processing 1640 uses mesh-like polygons to convert a three-dimensional CG image for displaying a flat display into a three-dimensional CG image for displaying a curved display, The problem of rendering a three-dimensional CG image bent on a quadrangular boundary line constituting a mesh is eliminated. (B) The process of copying the three-dimensional CG image for flat display on the frame memory by the process 1630 to the texture memory No longer needed
(C) In process 1640, three-dimensional C for displaying a curved surface display
There is no need to draw polygons on a mesh while texture mapping to generate a G image.
(D) There is an effect that a new texture memory for texture mapping used in the process 1640 is not required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a three-dimensional CG image generating apparatus for displaying a curved display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a triangle on a device coordinate system for displaying a flat display.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a triangle on a device coordinate for displaying a curved surface display and a circumscribed rectangle thereof.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a table including coordinate values, Z values, and color values of three vertices of the triangle in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a table including device coordinate values for displaying a curved surface display in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a table for converting to a device coordinate system for display on a flat display.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a table for converting to a device coordinate system for displaying a curved surface display.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a table including determination results of a triangle inside / outside determination unit;

FIG. 9 is a cube diagram defining a conventional modeling coordinate shape.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a curved display system.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional CG image displayed on a flat display.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the flow of a three-dimensional CG image generation process for displaying a curved surface display.

FIG. 13 is a processing diagram for converting into a three-dimensional CG image for displaying a curved surface display.

[Explanation of symbols]

120... Triangular drawing rectangular area calculation unit for curved surface coordinate system, 13
0: inside / outside determination unit for surface coordinate system triangle, 150: plane-to-surface coordinate conversion table, 160: surface-to-plane coordinate conversion table, 170: frame memory for displaying surface display, 330: triangle on device coordinate system for displaying surface display Drawing rectangular area, 910: plane to curved surface coordinate conversion table value, 1010: curved surface to plane coordinate conversion table value, 1310: triangle on modeling coordinate system, 1430
... A three-dimensional CG image displayed on a curved display.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensional CG image to be displayed on a curved display from a figure arranged in a three-dimensional space.
A three-dimensional CG drawing apparatus for a curved display, comprising: a rectangular area calculation unit for calculating a rectangular area for drawing a triangle in a frame memory for displaying a curved surface display. 2. The three-dimensional CG drawing device for a curved surface display according to claim 1, further comprising a triangle inside / outside judgment unit for judging inside / outside of a triangle in a device coordinate system for displaying a curved surface display. Drawing device. 3. A three-dimensional CG drawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plane-to-curved surface coordinate conversion table for converting device coordinate values for display on a flat display into device coordinate values for display on a curved surface display, and a curved surface display display. -Dimensional CG for curved display, having a surface-to-plane coordinate conversion table for converting device coordinate values for display to device coordinate values for display on a flat display
Drawing device.