JPH11126437A - Optical disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make data processible in real-time even when the number of faults are many by reading out the fault data from a specified area on an optical disk, adding discriminative information to them, storing them in order of address and performing fault processing corresponding to the discriminative information when the reading or writing addresses coincide with each other. SOLUTION: A control part 22 reads out an address of a fault sector from a fault control zone on the optical disk 1 to store it in a semiconductor memory 21. A data processor 35 adds discrimination codes '000' '100' '101' '110' of respective three bits to an initial fault, a secondary fault, a spare area and a guard area for every sector address of the semiconductor memory 21 to store them in a RAM 33 in rising order of address. At a read/write time, the data processor 35 refers to the RAM 33 to perform slip processing for the initial fault. It accesses an alternative destination sector when the secondary fault. It accesses a sector address succeeding to an end sector when the spare area, guard area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical disc apparatus for recording data on a rewritable optical disc and reproducing data recorded on the optical disc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an optical disk apparatus that handles a rewritable optical disk, if a defective sector is registered on the optical disk, it is necessary to skip the defective sector and read / write to a normal sector. The defective sectors include an initial defect (PDL: Primary Defect List) and a secondary defect (SDL: Secondary Defect List). For the initial defect, a defective sector address found when performing the format with certification is registered on the optical disk. 2
The next defect is replaced with a defective sector found at the time of reading or writing, and the replacement source sector address and the replacement destination sector address are registered on the optical disk.

[0003] In addition to this, a spare area as area information (hereinafter, a spare area) and an unused area at a zone boundary (hereinafter, a guard area) in an optical disc in which an optical disc is zoned are also used. Processing similar to that for a defective sector is performed.

When each defective sector is included in the range specified by the read or write command issued from the host computer, the processing for the initial defect is skipped between the sectors before and after the initial defect. Without having to read / write in real time.

[0005] Regarding the secondary defect, processing is performed separately for a normal sector that does not correspond to a secondary defect and for a replacement sector. Regarding the spare area and the guard area, processing is performed by obtaining a sector address at which processing is continued next.

[0006] As firmware processing, defect data (defect information) is read from the optical disc when the optical disc is inserted, and the CP and the spare area and the guard area are read out.
Each table is stored on the work memory area of U and stored until the optical disk is replaced.

FIG. 11 shows an example of each table.
11A shows an initial defect table, FIG. 11B shows a secondary defect table, and FIG. 11C shows a spare area (Sp).
areArea) table, and FIG. 11D shows a guard area (G
uard Area) table.

During the execution of a read / write command issued from the host computer, the sector address read from the optical disk is compared with each table value shown in FIG. 11 and, if applicable, an initial defect, a secondary defect, and a spare area Alternatively, processing according to the guard area is performed. Alternatively, whether or not there is a defective sector within the designated range of the read / write command is compared with each table shown in FIG. 11, and if there is, the processing up to the corresponding step and the subsequent processing are separated.
The read / write processing is actually performed.

However, in the above-described processing method, when processing is performed while comparing with each table value during execution of read / write, when performing the initial defect processing for one sector, the table is read as the number of defects increases. The search time is prolonged, and it takes 1 to find the next sector address to start processing.
As a result, it is not possible to keep up within the time for the sector, and as a result, overrun occurs (real-time processing cannot be performed because re-seek occurs), and real-time processing becomes impossible.

The same result is obtained when the sector address corresponding to the initial defect cannot be read from the optical disk. In the method of dividing the processing in advance, the processing contents are tabulated and processed. When the number of defective sectors is large in the designated range of read / write, the table becomes large, and it takes time to tabulate. There are problems such as.

[0011]

As described above, during the read / write operation, when processing is performed while comparing with the table values of the initial defect, the secondary defect, the spare area, and the guard area, one sector is required. When performing the initial defect processing, the time required to search the table is prolonged as the number of defects increases.
In time for the sector, it will not be able to make it, and as a result, overrun will occur and real-time processing will be impossible,
The same result is obtained when the sector address corresponding to the initial defect cannot be read from the optical disk.
The method of dividing the processing in advance has a problem that the table becomes large when there are many defective sectors in the designated range of read / write, and that it takes time to make the table.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk apparatus capable of performing processing of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, a guard area, and the like during execution of read / write in real time even if the number of defects increases. With the goal.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided an optical disc apparatus for reading out defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disc, and identifying defect-specific identification information in the defect data read out by the reading means. Storage means for adding and storing in the order of addresses; and search means for searching whether or not an address at which reading or writing to the optical disk is executed matches an address of defective data stored in the storage means. And control means for performing read / write control by performing a defect process according to the identification information added to the defect when there is a defect whose address matches the search means.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention has a reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and adds defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and stores the defect data in address order. Storage means for performing the read or write on the optical disk, wherein the address at which the read or write is performed between the start address and the end address designated to be the same as the address of the defective data stored in the storage means A search unit for searching whether there is a defect, and if there is a defect whose address matches with the search unit, a defect process is performed in accordance with the identification information added to the defect, and And control means for controlling read or write between end addresses.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention reads an initial defect, a secondary defect, which is defect information recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and addresses of a spare area, a guard area, which are information indicating an area on the optical disk. A reading unit, and a start address of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area read by the reading unit,
Storage means for adding identification information for identifying each of them and storing them in the order of addresses, and storing the read or write addresses between the start address and the end address where execution of reading or writing to the optical disk is designated by the storage means Search means for searching whether there is an address that matches the address of the initial defect, the secondary defect, the spare area, and the guard area stored in the search means. Control means for performing processing according to the identification information added to the address and controlling read or write between the specified start address and end address.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a host computer and receives commands such as read / write to record / reproduce the loaded optical disk. An initial defect which is defect information, a secondary defect, a spare area which is information indicating an area on the optical disc,
Reading means for reading the address of the guard area, and storage for adding identification information for identifying each of the starting address of the initial defect, secondary defect, spare area, and guard area read by the reading means, and storing them in the order of addresses Means, an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, wherein an address at which read or write is executed between a start address and an end address designated to execute read or write by the host computer is stored in the storage means; A search unit for searching whether there is a match with the address of the guard area; and, if there is an address that matches with the search unit, performing a process according to the identification information added to the match address, From the above host computer, execution of read or write is specified from the start address to the end address. And a control means for controlling the read or write between scan.

An optical disk device according to the present invention is connected to a host computer, and receives commands such as read / write to record and reproduce data in the loaded optical disk. An initial defect which is defect information, a secondary defect, a spare area which is information indicating an area on the optical disc,
Reading means for reading the address of the guard area, and storage for adding identification information for identifying each of the starting address of the initial defect, secondary defect, spare area, and guard area read by the reading means, and storing them in the order of addresses Means, an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, wherein an address at which read or write is executed between a start address and an end address designated to execute read or write by the host computer is stored in the storage means; A search unit for searching whether there is a match with the address of the guard area; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search unit is an initial defect,
Processing means for performing a process of slipping to an address next to the address at which the read or write is executed.

An optical disk device according to the present invention is connected to a host computer and receives commands such as read / write to record and reproduce data in the loaded optical disk. An initial defect which is defect information, a secondary defect, a spare area which is information indicating an area on the optical disc,
Reading means for reading the address of the guard area, and storage for adding identification information for identifying each of the starting address of the initial defect, secondary defect, spare area, and guard area read by the reading means, and storing them in the order of addresses Means, an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, wherein an address at which read or write is executed between a start address and an end address designated to execute read or write by the host computer is stored in the storage means; A search unit for searching whether there is a match with the address of the guard area; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search unit is an initial defect,
A first processing unit for performing a process of slipping to an address next to the address where the read or write is performed; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search unit is other than the initial defect, Or a second processing means for interrupting the reading or writing of the address where the writing is performed, and performing a process corresponding to the identification information of the matched address.

An optical disk device according to the present invention is connected to a host computer, and receives commands such as read / write to record and reproduce data in the loaded optical disk. Reading means for reading the address of the initial defect, the replacement source address and the replacement destination address of the secondary defect, and identifying the initial defect address and the replacement source address of the secondary defect read by the reading means. First storage means for adding identification information to be added and storing the information as a defect table in the order of addresses, second storage means for storing replacement destination addresses of secondary defects read by the reading means in the order of addresses, and the host computer From the start address to the end address where read or write execution is specified. Are search means for searching whether or not the address at which writing is to be performed matches the address of the initial defect or the secondary defect stored in the first storage means; If the identification information is an initial defect, first processing means for performing a process of slipping to an address next to the address at which the read or write is performed; and identification information added to an address matched by the search means. Is a secondary defect, this 2
Using the replacement source address of the next defect, the replacement destination address of the secondary defect stored in the second storage means is read, and a read or write process is performed on the read replacement destination address of the secondary defect. Processing means.

[0020]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an optical disk device 10. The optical disk device 10 records data (data) or reproduces recorded data on an optical disk (DVD-RAM) 1 as a recording medium by using focused light.

Further, a host computer 40 for designating a logical sector address of the optical disk 1 is connected to the optical disk device 10. The optical disk 1 is formed by coating a metal coating layer in a donut shape on a surface of a substrate formed in a circle of, for example, glass or plastics, and using both concentric or spiral grooves and lands to transfer data. This is a phase-change type rewritable disc in which recorded or reproduced data is recorded and address data is recorded at predetermined intervals by recording marks in a mastering step.

The optical disk 1 has a lead-in area 2, a data area 3, and a lead-out area 4, as shown in FIGS. Lead-in area 2
Consists of an emboss data zone 5 composed of a plurality of tracks and a rewritable data zone 6 composed of a plurality of tracks. In the emboss data zone 5, reference signals and control data are recorded at the time of manufacturing. The rewritable data zone 6 includes a guard track zone, a disk test zone, a drive test zone, a disk identification data zone, and a defect management zone 6a as a defect management area.

The defect management zone 6a records defect data in units of 4 bytes, including the sector numbers of defective sectors caused by initial defects and secondary defects. In the secondary defect data, a sector number of the replacement sector corresponding to the sector number of the defective sector is given (recorded in the order of the sectors).

The initial defect is determined by recording the dummy data at the time of manufacture or at the start of use of the optical disk, and is determined by the number of errors and the number of error lines at the time of reproduction. The secondary defect is the number of errors of the data reproduced at the time of data recording. And the number of error lines.

The data area 3 is composed of a plurality of, for example, 24 zones 3a,. The lead-out area 4 is composed of a plurality of tracks, and is a rewritable data zone, like the rewritable data zone 6, so that the same recorded contents as the data zone 6 can be recorded.

As shown in FIG. 3, the optical disc 1
In order from the inside, the rewritable data zone 6 and the data area 3 are replaced with the emboss data zone 5 of the lead-in area 2.
, 3x, and the data zone of the lead-out area 4, and the clock signal for each zone is the same.
And the number of sectors for each track is different.

In the zones 3a,... 3x of the data area 3, the number of rotations (speed) decreases as the optical disk 1 moves from the inner side to the outer side, and the number of sectors per track increases. I have.

The relationship between the speed data as the number of revolutions and the number of sectors per track for each of the zones 3a,... 3x, 4, 5, and 6 is recorded in a correspondence table of the semiconductor memory 21 described later.

Zones 3a,... 3x of the data area 3
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, data is recorded in advance in each track in units of ECC (error correction code) block data (for example, 38688 bytes) as a unit of data recording.

Each of the zones 3a,... 3x is composed of a user area and a spare area composed of a substitute sector for a defective sector. The spare area is provided on the outer peripheral side of the corresponding user area.

.., 3x (zones 0 to 23) are recorded in a semiconductor memory 21 of the optical disk device 10, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, for each zone,
Zone number, number of sectors per track (per revolution), start sector number (hex), sector number of inner guard area (hex), group number, sector number of user area (hex) and number of ECC blocks, The spare area sector number (hex) and the number of sectors, the outer guard area sector number (hex), the end sector number (hex), the group start sector number, and the group start sector number (hex) are recorded. .

The number of sectors in one track is 1 in zone 0.
7, zone 1 is 18,... Zone 23 is 40, and the number increases by one sector as going from the inner circumference to the outer circumference. The start sector number indicates the number of the first sector of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The sector number of the inner guard area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the inner guard area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The group numbers are assigned the same numbers as the corresponding zone numbers. The sector number of the user area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the user area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The number of ECC blocks indicates the number of ECC blocks in the user area of the corresponding zone in decimal. The sector number of the spare area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the spare area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The number of sectors indicates the number of sectors in the spare area of the corresponding zone in decimal. The first sector number and the last sector number of the outer guard area of the corresponding zone are set to 1 for the sector number of the outer guard area.
Shown in hexadecimal. The end sector number indicates the number of the last sector of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The start sector number of the group indicates the first sector number of the actually used sector of the corresponding zone group in decimal and hexadecimal, and is consecutively numbered for each zone.

The ECC block consists of 16 sectors in which 2K bytes of data are recorded. As shown in FIG. 5, each sector has a 4-byte (32-bit) sector ID (identification data) as address data. ) 1-I
D16 is a 2-byte error detection code (IED: I
D error detection code) along with a horizontal ECC (error correction code) 1 and a vertical ECC 2 as an error correction code for reproducing data recorded in an ECC block. It is to be recorded. This ECC
Numerals 1 and 2 are error correction codes added to data as redundant words in order to prevent data from being unable to be reproduced due to a defect of the optical disk 1.

Each sector is composed of 12 rows of data of 172 bytes, and a horizontal ECC1 of 10 bytes is provided for each row, and a vertical ECC2 of one row of 182 bytes is provided for each row. Have been. As a result, the error correction circuit 32, which will be described later,
The error correction process for each line is performed using C1, and the error correction process is performed for each column using ECC2 in the vertical direction.

When the ECC block is recorded on the optical disc 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the data is written for each predetermined data amount of each sector (each predetermined data length interval, for example, 91 bytes: 1456 channel bits). Synchronization code (2 bytes: 3
2 channel bits).

As shown in FIG. 7, each sector is composed of 26 frames from the 0th frame to the 25th frame, and the synchronization code (frame synchronization signal) assigned to each frame indicates the frame number. Specific code for specifying (1 byte: 16 channel bits) and common code common to each frame (1 byte: 16 channel bits)
It is composed of

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the zeroth frame is SY0, the second, tenth, and eighteenth frames are SY1,
The fourth, twelfth and twentieth frames are SY2, sixth and first frames.
The 4th and 22nd frames are SY3, the 8th, 16th and 24th frames are SY4, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th frames are SY5, the 11th, 13th, 15th and 17th frames Is SY6, and the 19th, 21st, 23rd, and 25th frames are SY7.

.. 3x of the data area 3
As shown in FIG. 2, each track has
A header section 11 in which addresses and the like are recorded, respectively.
Are pre-formatted in advance.

The format for each sector is shown in FIG.
Is shown in In FIG. 8, one sector is 2697
It is composed of 128 bytes of header area (corresponding to the header part 11), 2 bytes of mirror area 7, and 2567 bytes of recording area 8.

The channel bits recorded in the sector have a format in which 8-bit data is modulated into 16-bit channel bits by 8-16 code. The header area 11 is an area where predetermined data is recorded when the optical disc 1 is manufactured. This header area 11
It is composed of four header 1 areas, two header areas, three header areas, and four header areas.

The header 1 area to the header 4 area are composed of 46 bytes or 18 bytes, and a 36 byte or 8 byte synchronization code part VFO (Variable Frequency O).
scillator), 3-byte address mark AM (Addres
s Mark), 4-byte address part PID (Position Ide)
ntifier), 2-byte error detection code IED (ID Err
or Detection Code) 1 byte postamble PA
(Postambles).

Further, referring to FIG.
Will be described. Basic Functions of Optical Disc Apparatus 10 In the optical disc apparatus 10, new data is recorded or rewritten (including data erasure) using a converging spot at a predetermined position on the optical disc 1.

Further, the optical disk device 10 reproduces the already recorded data from the predetermined position on the optical disk 1 by using the converging spot. Means for Achieving Basic Functions of Optical Disk Apparatus 10 As means for achieving the above basic functions, the optical disk apparatus 1
At 0, there are the following three points.

The focused spot is traced (followed) along a track (not shown) on the optical disc 1.
The recording / reproducing / erasing of data is switched by changing the light amount of the converging spot irradiated on the optical disc 1.

The recording signal d supplied from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording at a high density and a low error rate. Signal Detection by Optical Head 12 The optical head 12 basically includes a semiconductor laser element as a light source, a photodetector, and an objective lens, not shown.

The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is focused on the optical disk 1 by the objective lens. The laser light reflected by the light reflection film or the light reflection recording film of the optical disc 1 is photoelectrically converted by a photodetector.

The detection current obtained by the photodetector is
The current-to-voltage conversion results in a detection signal. This detection signal is processed by the focus / track error detection circuit 14 or the binarization circuit 15. Generally, a photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection areas, and individually detects a change in the amount of light applied to each photodetection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 14 calculates the sum / difference of the individual detection signals to detect a focus shift and a track shift. A signal on the optical disk 1 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflecting film or the light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1.

Defocus Detection Method As a method of optically detecting the amount of defocus, there is an astigmatism method or a knife edge method.

In the astigmatism method, an optical element (not shown) for generating astigmatism is arranged on a detection optical path of a laser beam reflected by a light reflection film or a light reflection recording film of the optical disk 1, and light detection is performed. A method for detecting a change in the shape of laser light applied to a vessel. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally.
Focusing on the detection signal obtained from each detection area
The difference between the diagonal sums is obtained in the track error detection circuit 14 to obtain a focus error detection signal.

The knife edge method is a method of disposing a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of the laser light reflected from the optical disk 1. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a difference between detection signals obtained from each detection area is obtained to obtain a focus error detection signal.

Track shift detection method The optical disc 1 has spiral or concentric tracks, and data is recorded on the tracks. Data is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing the focused spot along the track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

As a method of detecting a track shift, generally, D
There are a PD (Differential Phase Detection) method, a push-pull method, and a twin-spot method.
The DPD method detects a change in intensity distribution of a laser beam reflected by a light reflection film or a light reflection recording film of the optical disc 1 on a photodetector. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. The difference between the diagonal sums of the detection signals obtained from the respective detection areas in the focus / track error detection circuit 14 is obtained to obtain a track error detection signal.

The push-pull method detects a change in intensity distribution of a laser beam reflected by the optical disk 1 on a photodetector. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area.

In the twin-spot method, a diffractive element or the like is arranged in a light transmission system between the semiconductor laser element and the optical disk 1 to divide the light into a plurality of wavefronts, and a change in the amount of reflected ± 1st-order diffracted light applied to the optical disk 1 Is detected. A light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light amount of the + 1st-order diffracted light and the reflected light amount of the -1st-order diffracted light is arranged separately from the light detection area for detecting the reproduction signal. Get.

Objective Lens Actuator Structure An objective lens (not shown) for focusing the laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element on the optical disk 1 moves in two axial directions according to the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. It has a possible structure. The moving direction of the objective lens is determined by the optical disc 1
, And in the radial direction of the optical disc 1 for track deviation correction. Although not shown, the moving mechanism of the objective lens is called an objective lens actuator.

As the objective lens actuator structure,
A shaft sliding method or a four-wire method is often used. Both types have a structure in which a permanent magnet and a coil are provided, and the blade is moved by passing a current through a coil connected to the blade.

The shaft sliding method is a method in which a blade integrated with the objective lens moves along a central axis (shaft). The blade moves in a direction along the central axis to correct a focus shift, and the central axis is moved. This is a method in which track deviation is corrected by the rotation of the blade as a reference.

In the four-wire system, a blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires.
This is a method of moving a blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of wires.

Rotation control system of optical disk 1 The optical disk 1 is mounted on a rotating table 18 which is rotated by the driving force of a spindle motor 17.

The rotation speed of the optical disk 1 is detected based on a reproduction signal obtained from the optical disk 1. That is, the amplifier 1
The three-output detection signal (analog signal) is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 15, and this signal is converted into a PLL circuit 19
Generates a constant period signal (reference clock signal). The rotation speed detection circuit 20 detects the number of rotations of the optical disc 1 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of rotations corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the optical disk 1 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 in advance. When the reproducing position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 22 sets the target rotation speed of the optical disc 1 with reference to the data in the semiconductor memory 21 and notifies the spindle motor driving circuit 23 of the value.

The spindle motor drive circuit 23 calculates the difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the rotation speed detection circuit 20, and supplies a drive current according to the result to the spindle motor 17. Control is performed so that the rotation speed of the spindle motor 17 is constant. The output signal of the rotation speed detection circuit 20 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the optical disc 1,
In 3, control is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of this signal.

Optical Head Moving Mechanism An optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 24 for moving the optical head 12 in the radial direction of the optical disk 1 is provided.

In many cases, a rod-shaped guide shaft is used as a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 12, and the optical head 12 is moved by utilizing friction between the guide shaft and a bush attached to a part of the optical head 12. I do. In addition, there is a method of using a bearing in which a frictional force is reduced by using a rotary motion.

Although a driving force transmitting method for moving the optical head 12 is not shown, a rotating motor having a pinion (rotating gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshing with the pinion, is attached to the optical head 12. And converts the rotary motion of the rotary motor into a linear motion of the optical head 12. As another driving force transmission method, a linear motor system in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and current flows in a coil arranged in the optical head 12 to move the coil in a linear direction may be used.

In both the rotary motor and linear motor systems, basically, a current is supplied to the feed motor to
A driving force for movement is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 25.

Focused Spot Trace Control In order to perform focus shift correction or track shift correction, an objective lens actuator (not shown) in the optical head 12 according to an output signal (detection signal) of the focus / track error detection circuit 14. The objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 supplies a drive current to the actuator.
A phase compensating circuit for improving characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator is provided inside in order to make the movement of the objective lens respond quickly at a high frequency range.

The objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 turns on / off the focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop) in accordance with a command from the control unit 22, and moves the objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the optical disk 1. A process of moving at a low speed (executed when the focus / track loop is off), and a process of moving the focused spot to an adjacent track by slightly moving the optical disc 1 in a radial direction (a direction crossing the track) using a kick pulse. .

Switching of laser light quantity for reproduction and recording / erasing Switching between reproduction and recording / erasing is performed by changing the light quantity of a condensed spot irradiated onto the optical disc 1.

For the optical disk 1 using the phase change method, the following relationship is generally established: [light amount at the time of recording]> [light amount at the time of erasing]> [light amount at the time of reproduction]. In general, there is a relationship of [light amount at the time of recording] / [light amount at the time of erasing]> [light amount at the time of reproduction]. In the case of the magneto-optical method, the recording and erasing processes are controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the optical disk 1 during recording / erasing.

At the time of data reproduction, the optical disk 1 is continuously irradiated with a constant light amount. When recording new data, a pulsed intermittent light amount is added to the light amount at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser element emits a pulse with a large amount of light, the light-reflective recording film of the optical disk 1 locally undergoes an optical change or shape change, and a recording mark is formed. Similarly, when overwriting an area already recorded, the semiconductor laser element is caused to emit pulse light.

When erasing already recorded data, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated.
In the case where data is continuously erased, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and data is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. The track number and address of the track to be intermittently erased are reproduced, and the erasing process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erased track.

Laser Light Emission Control Although not shown, the optical head 12 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. The semiconductor laser driving circuit 26 calculates the difference between the photodetector output (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the light emission reference signal given from the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 27, and based on the result, The drive current to the laser is fed back.

Activation Control When the optical disk 1 is mounted on the turntable 18 and activation control is started, processing is performed according to the following procedure. 1) The target rotation speed is transmitted from the control unit 22 to the spindle motor drive circuit 23, and a drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 23 to the spindle motor 17, so that the spindle motor 17 starts rotating. 2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control unit 22 to the feed motor drive circuit 25, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 25 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 24 so that the optical head 12 The optical disk 1 moves to the innermost position. It is confirmed that the optical head 12 is located further inward of the optical disk 1 than the area where the data is recorded. 3) When the spindle motor 17 reaches the target rotation speed,
The status (status report) is sent to the control unit 22. 4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser driving circuit 26 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 12 according to the reproduced light amount signal sent from the control unit 22 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 27, and laser emission is started. I do.

The optimum irradiation light amount at the time of reproduction differs depending on the type of the optical disk 1. At the time of startup, it is set to the value with the lowest irradiation light amount. 5) The optical head 12 according to a command from the control unit 22
The objective lens (not shown) is shifted to the position farthest from the optical disc 1 and the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 controls the objective lens to approach the optical disc 1 slowly. 6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 14 monitors the amount of defocus, and outputs a status to the control unit 22 when the objective lens comes near the focused position. 7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn on the focus loop. 8) The control unit 22 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 25 while keeping the focus loop on, and
2 is slowly moved toward the outer peripheral portion of the optical disc 1. 9) At the same time, monitor the reproduction signal from the optical head 12,
When the optical head 12 reaches the recording area on the optical disc 1, the movement of the optical head 12 is stopped, and a command to turn on the track loop is issued to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. 10) Reproduce the “optimum light quantity at the time of reproduction” and “optimum light quantity at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the inner peripheral portion of the optical disc 1,
The data is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 via the control unit 22. 11) Further, the control unit 22 sets the "optimum light amount during reproduction".
Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 2
7, the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction is reset. 12) The light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set according to the “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the optical disc 1.

Reproduction of Access Destination Data on Optical Disk 1 Data on what kind of data is recorded in which location on the optical disk 1 differs depending on the type of the optical disk 1. Recorded in the directory management area or the navigation pack.

The directory management area is recorded collectively in the inner circumference area or the outer circumference area of the optical disc 1.
The navigation pack is included in a VOBS (Video Object Set) conforming to the data structure of the PS (Program Stream) of MPEG2, and records data on where the next video is recorded.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / delete specific data, the data in the above-mentioned area is reproduced first, and the access destination is determined from the obtained data. Rough access control The control unit 22 calculates the radius position of the access destination by calculation, and calculates the distance from the current position of the optical head 12.

The speed curve data which can be reached in the shortest time with respect to the moving distance of the optical head 12 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 in advance. The control unit 22 reads the data and controls the movement of the optical head 12 according to the speed curve in the following manner.

After the control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 25 is controlled to start the movement of the optical head 12.

When the focused spot crosses a track on the optical disk 1, the focus / track error detection circuit 14
A track error detection signal is generated within the frame. Using this track error detection signal, the relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the optical disc 1 can be detected.

The feed motor drive circuit 25 calculates the difference between the relative speed of the condensed spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 14 and the target speed data sent one by one from the control unit 22, and uses the result as an optical head. The optical head 12 is moved while applying feedback to the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 24.

As described in the above "optical head moving mechanism", a frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or bearing. When the optical head 12 is moving at high speed, kinetic friction acts. However, at the start of movement and immediately before the stop, static friction acts because the moving speed of the optical head 12 is slow. At this time, since the relative frictional force has increased (particularly immediately before the stop), the amplification factor (gain) of the current supplied to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 24 in response to a command from the control unit 22 is increased. .

Fine Access Control When the optical head 12 reaches the target position, the control section 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the optical disk 1. The current focused spot position is calculated from the address or the track number, the number of error tracks from the target position is calculated in the control unit 22, and the number of tracks required for moving the focused spot is determined by the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. Notify.

When one set of kick pulses is generated in the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16, the objective lens slightly moves in the radial direction of the optical disk 1, and the focused spot moves to an adjacent track.

The track loop is temporarily turned off in the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16, a kick pulse is generated the number of times corresponding to the data from the control unit 22, and then the track loop is turned on again.

After the end of the fine access, the control section 22 reproduces the data (address or track number) at the position where the focused spot is traced, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 14 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 25. The control unit 22 controls the feed motor drive circuit 25 so as not to use the track error detection signal during the “start control” and the “access control” described above.

After confirming that the condensed spot has reached the target track by accessing, a part of the track error detection signal is transmitted by the command from the control unit 22 via the feed motor drive circuit 25 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed). Motor 24). This control is continued during the period in which the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the optical disk 1 is
8 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly shifted from the center position. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 12 slightly moves in accordance with the eccentricity.

When the reproduction or recording / erasing process is performed continuously for a long time, the condensed spot position gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 24, the optical head 12 gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction accordingly.

In this manner, the burden of correcting the track deviation of the objective lens actuator can be reduced, and the track loop can be stabilized. Termination Control When a series of processing is completed and the operation is terminated, the processing is performed according to the following procedure. 1) The control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the track loop. 2) The control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the focus loop. 3) The control unit 22 issues a command to the recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 27 to stop light emission of the semiconductor laser device. 4) Notify the spindle motor drive circuit 23 of 0 as the reference rotation speed.

Signal Format Recorded on Optical Disk 1 For a signal recorded on optical disk 1, (1) it is possible to correct a recording data error caused by a defect on optical disk 1 (2) a DC component of a reproduced signal (3) In order to satisfy the requirement of recording data on the optical disc 1 as high density as possible, the optical disc apparatus 10 needs to add “error correction function”, “record data”. Signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of a signal).

ECC (Error Correction Code) Addition Processing Data to be recorded on the optical disc 1 is input to the data input / output interface unit 30 as a recording signal d in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 as it is, and then the ECC encoding circuit 29 performs the following ECC addition processing.

An embodiment of an ECC adding method using a product code will be described below. The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 21
One line at a time every 172 bytes in the
A set of ECC blocks. This "row: 172 x column: 1
For each raw signal (recording signal d) in a set of ECC blocks consisting of
The inner code PI of 0 bytes is calculated and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 21. Further, a 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 21.

As an embodiment for recording on the optical disc 1, a total of 23 lines including 12 lines including the inner code PI and 1 line for the outer code PO
It is recorded in one sector of the optical disc 1 in units of 66 bytes (2366 = (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed in the ECC encoding circuit 29, the one-sector sector 2366 reads a byte-by-byte signal from the semiconductor memory 21 and transfers it to the modulation circuit 28.

Signal Modulation DC component of reproduction signal (DSV: Digital Sum Value)
Is approached 0, and signal modulation, which is a conversion of the signal format, is performed in the modulation circuit 28 in order to record data on the optical disc 1 at high density.

The modulation circuit 28 and the demodulation circuit 31 have a conversion table indicating the relationship between the original signal and the modulated signal. The signal transferred from the ECC encoding circuit 29 is divided into a plurality of bits according to the modulation method, and converted into another signal (code) while referring to a conversion table.

For example, 8/16 modulation (R
When the LL (2, 10) code is used, there are two types of conversion tables, and the DC component (DSV: Dis
The reference conversion table is switched one by one so that italSum Value) approaches zero.

Recording Waveform Generation When recording a recording mark on the optical disk 1, generally, a recording method is as follows: mark length recording method: "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of the recording mark. And ○ mark recording method: the center position of the recording mark matches the position of “1”. There are two types.

When mark length recording is performed, it is necessary to form a long recording mark. In this case, if the recording light amount is continuously irradiated for a certain period, a "raindrop" recording mark having a wide width only at the rear portion is formed due to the heat storage effect of the light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1. In order to eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, the recording mark is divided into a plurality of recording pulses or the recording waveform is changed stepwise.

In the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 27, the recording waveform as described above is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 28, and the semiconductor laser driving circuit 2
6.

Binarization / PLL circuit As described in "Signal detection by optical head", a signal on the optical disk 1 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflecting film or the light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1. . The signal obtained by the amplifier 13 has an analog waveform. 2
The value conversion circuit 15 converts the signal into a binary digital signal consisting of "1" and "0" using a comparator.

A reference signal at the time of data reproduction is extracted by the PLL circuit 19 from the reproduction signal obtained here. PL
The L circuit 19 has a built-in variable frequency oscillator. The pulse signal (reference clock) output from the oscillator and 2
Compare the frequency and phase between the output signals of the digitizing circuit 15,
The result is fed back to the oscillator output.

Demodulation of Signal The demodulation circuit 31 has a conversion table indicating the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The signal is returned to the original signal while referring to the conversion table in accordance with the reference clock obtained by the PLL circuit 19. The returned (demodulated) signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21.

Error Correction Processing The signal stored in the semiconductor memory 21 is subjected to an inner code PI
The error correction circuit 32 detects the error location using the outer code PO and sets an error location pointer flag.

Thereafter, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 21, the signal at the error location is sequentially corrected in accordance with the error pointer flag, and the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed and transferred to the data input / output interface unit 30.

The signal sent from the ECC encoding circuit 29 is output from the data input / output interface unit 30 as a reproduction signal c. In this embodiment, the defect data and area information recorded in the defect management zone 6a of the optical disk 1 are reproduced in the RAM 33 when the optical disk 1 is loaded into the optical disk device 10, which will be described in detail later. , An identification code, a start sector address, and an end sector address, and are stored as a defect table.
Refers to a table value.

FIG. 9 shows an example of the configuration of a defect table to which an identification code stored in the RAM 33 is added.
When the optical disk 1 is loaded into the optical disk device 10, the control unit 22 determines whether or not an initial defect (PDL), which is defect data recorded on the optical disk 1, a secondary defect (SDL), and a replacement source / destination. The sector addresses of the spare area and the guard area, which are information indicating the upper area, are arranged in ascending order in the respective tables as shown in FIG.

The data processor 35 is connected to the semiconductor memory 2
1, the initial defect (PDL) and the secondary defect (SD
L) the replacement source, the spare area (Spare Area) and the sector address of the guard area (Guard Area) are arranged in one table in ascending order, and the sector address of each sector address is PDL, SDL, Spare Area, Guard Area. Add an identification code (identification information) to which
It is stored in the AM 33 as a defect table as shown in FIG.

At this time, defect information (PDL, SDL) and area information (Spare Area, Guard) in the defect table
d Area) is composed of 4 bytes, an identification code is added to the first byte, and a sector address (start, end) is assigned to the remaining 3 bytes. As shown in FIG. 9, the identification code uses 3 bits out of 8 bits, and the initial defect (PDL) is “000” and the secondary defect (SDL) is “10”.
0 ", the spare area is" 101 ", and the guard area is" 110 ".

Next, the read / write operation in this embodiment having such a configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the control unit 22 reads a sector address to start by moving the optical head 12 to a specified range of a read or write command issued from the host computer 40 (ST1).

The data processor 35 searches whether or not there is a sector address read by the control unit 22 that matches the table value of the defect table stored in the RAM 33 (ST2). It is checked whether the identification code is an initial defect (ST3).

If it is determined in step ST3 that the defect is an initial defect, control unit 22 performs a slip process on this sector (ST3).
4,), if the specified range of the command is not completed (ST
5) Read the next sector address (ST1).

If no match is found in step ST2, the control unit 22 performs read or write processing for the sector (ST6), and after processing for the sector, if the specified range of the command is not completed (ST5). ), The next sector address is read (ST1).

If the identification code is other than the initial defect in step ST3, the control unit 22 interrupts the read or write operation and performs processing according to the identification code (ST7).
After processing, if the specified range of the command is not completed (ST
5) Read the next sector address (ST1).

If the identification code indicates a secondary defect in step ST7, the control unit 22 reads the replacement destination sector address from the replacement source sector address of the secondary defect and performs read or write processing on the replacement destination sector address. If the identification code is a spare area or a guard area in step ST7, the control unit 22 performs a process for obtaining a sector address where the next read or write process is to be continued from the start sector address and the end sector address of the spare area or the guard area. .

Finally, when the designated range of the command ends in step ST5, the control unit 22 ends the read or write operation. Even if the control unit 22 cannot read the sector address from the optical disc 1, the data processor 35 knows the expected sector address from an internal counter (not shown). Match detection is possible.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessary to calculate the next start sector address after performing the defect processing during the read / write processing. Processing can be performed in the same time without being affected. Further, since it is not necessary to divide the processing unit before the start of read / write, there is no need to have a processing table.

[0122]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide an optical disk device that can perform processing of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, a guard area, and the like during execution of read / write in real time even when the number of defects increases.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical disk device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an optical disc.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical disc.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of each zone of a data area of the optical disc;

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of an ECC block of the optical disc.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of an ECC block of the optical disc.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the configuration of each sector of an ECC block.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a sector format of an ECC block.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a defect table to which an identification code is added.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a read / write operation.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of each conventional table.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 optical disk 2 lead-in area 3 data area 4 lead-out area 5 emboss data zone 6 rewritable data zone 6a defect management zone 10 optical disk device 12 optical head (reading means) 21 semiconductor memory ( Storage means) 22 control unit (control means) 33 RAM (storage means) 35 data processor (search means)

Claims (7)

[Claims] A reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk; a storage means for adding defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and storing the defect data in address order; Searching means for searching whether an address at which reading or writing to the optical disk is executed matches an address of defective data stored in the storage means; If there is
An optical disc device comprising: a control unit that performs read / write control by performing a defect process according to the identification information added to the defect. 2. A reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, a storage means for adding defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and storing the defect data in address order; Whether or not there is an address at which reading or writing is performed between the start address and the ending address where execution of reading or writing to the optical disk is designated matches the address of defective data stored in the storage means. If there is a defect whose address matches the search means,
An optical disk device comprising: control means for performing defect processing according to the identification information added to the defect and controlling read or write between the designated start address and end address. 3. Reading means for reading an initial defect, a secondary defect, which is defect information recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk, a spare area, information indicating an area on the optical disk, and a guard area address. Storage means for adding identification information for identifying each of the start addresses of the initial defect, the secondary defect, the spare area, and the guard area read by the reading means and storing them in address order; Whether an address at which reading or writing is performed between the specified start address and the end address matches an address of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area stored in the storage means. Search means for searching for an address, and if there is an address that matches with this search means, An optical disk device comprising: a control unit that performs a process according to the identification information added to the data, and controls reading or writing from the specified start address to the end address. 4. An optical disk device connected to a host computer, which receives a command such as read / write and performs recording and reproduction of a loaded optical disk, the defect information being recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk. Reading means for reading an initial defect, a secondary defect, and addresses of a spare area and a guard area which are information indicating an area on the optical disk; and an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area and a guard area read by the reading means. Storage means for adding identification information for identifying each of them to the start address and storing them in the order of addresses, and reading or writing from the start address to the end address where execution of read or write is designated by the host computer is executed The initial defect, secondary defect, and scan address whose addresses are stored in the storage means are stored. A search means for searching whether there is a match with the address of the pair area and the guard area, and if there is an address which matches with the search means, a process according to the identification information added to the matching address is performed. An optical disk apparatus, comprising: a control unit for performing read or write control from a start address to an end address designated to execute read or write from the host computer. 5. An optical disk device connected to a host computer, which receives commands such as read / write and performs recording and reproduction of a loaded optical disk, the defect information being recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk. Reading means for reading an initial defect, a secondary defect, and addresses of a spare area and a guard area which are information indicating an area on the optical disk; and an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area and a guard area read by the reading means. Storage means for adding identification information for identifying each of them to the start address and storing them in the order of addresses, and reading or writing from the start address to the end address where execution of read or write is designated by the host computer is executed The initial defect, secondary defect, and scan address whose addresses are stored in the storage means are stored. A search unit for searching whether there is a match with the address of the pair area and the guard area; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search unit is an initial defect, the read or write is executed. Processing means for performing a process of slipping to an address next to an address to be written. 6. An optical disk device connected to a host computer, which receives commands such as read / write and records and reproduces the loaded optical disk, wherein the defect information is recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk. Reading means for reading an initial defect, a secondary defect, and addresses of a spare area and a guard area which are information indicating an area on the optical disk; and an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area and a guard area read by the reading means. Storage means for adding identification information for identifying each of them to the start address and storing them in the order of addresses, and reading or writing from the start address to the end address where execution of read or write is designated by the host computer is executed The initial defect, secondary defect, and scan address whose addresses are stored in the storage means are stored. A search unit for searching whether there is a match with the address of the pair area and the guard area; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search unit is an initial defect, the read or write is executed. First processing means for performing a process of slipping to an address next to the address to be read, and when the identification information added to the address matched by the search means is other than an initial defect, the read or write is executed. Suspends reading or writing addresses,
An optical disc device comprising: a second processing unit that performs a process corresponding to the identification information of the matched address. 7. An optical disc apparatus connected to a host computer for receiving and reading commands such as read / write and for recording and reproducing the loaded optical disc, wherein an address of an initial defect recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disc is provided. Reading means for reading the replacement source address and replacement destination address of the secondary defect; and the address of the initial defect read by the reading means and 2
First storage means for adding identification information for identifying each to the replacement source address of the next defect and storing the information as a defect table in the order of addresses; and storing the replacement destination address of the secondary defect read by the reading means in the order of addresses. An initial defect in which an address at which reading or writing is executed between a start address and an ending address where execution of reading or writing is designated by the host computer is stored in the first storage means. A search means for searching whether or not the address matches the address of the secondary defect; and if the identification information added to the address matched by the search means is an initial defect, First processing means for performing a process of slipping to the next address; and If the identification information is a secondary defect, the replacement destination address of the secondary defect stored in the second storage means is read using the replacement source address of the secondary defect, and the secondary defect replacement address of the read secondary defect is read. Second for performing read or write processing on the replacement destination address
An optical disc device, comprising: