JPH11126336A - Optical disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the time for converting an assigned logic sector address to the sector address of an actual optical disk, and facilitate the conversion. SOLUTION: A control section lines up the converting sources of initial defects (PDL) and secondary defects (SDL) which are the defect data recorded on the optical disk loaded in an optical disk device, the sector addresses of spare areas and guard areas which are the information indicating the regions on the optical disk in ascending order on one table, adds the identification codes as to which of the PDL, SDL, spare areas and guard areas the sector addresses correspond to the respective sector addresses and stores the same as the defect table in a RAM. A data processor references the defect table, finds the sector addresses existing within the range of the start sector address and the end sector address and further outputs the number of the events corresponding to the assigned identification codes, thereby calculating the physical sector address from the logic sector address.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical disc apparatus for recording data on a rewritable optical disc and reproducing data recorded on the optical disc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an optical disk apparatus that handles a rewritable optical disk, if a defective sector is registered on the optical disk, it is necessary to skip the defective sector and read / write to a normal sector. The defective sectors include an initial defect (PDL: Primary Defect List) and a secondary defect (SDL: Secondary Defect List). For the initial defect, a defective sector address found when performing the format with certification is registered on the optical disk. 2
The next defect is replaced with a defective sector found at the time of reading or writing, and the replacement source sector address and the replacement destination sector address are registered on the optical disk.

In addition to this, a spare area (hereinafter referred to as a spare area) and an unused area (hereinafter referred to as a guard area) at a zone boundary in an optical disc in which an optical disc is zoned are similar to defective sectors. Processing is being performed.

When a command such as read / write is received from a host computer, a specified range is specified by a logical sector address (LBA: Logical Bock Address). The optical disk device considers the initial defect, the secondary defect, the spare area, and the guard area, and converts the received logical sector address into the physical sector address (PB) on the actual optical disk.
A: Physical Block Address).

If there is an initial defect, the spare area is required to be calculated at the time of starting up the optical disc, since the spare area is used as much as the number of initial defects.

In order to calculate a physical sector address from a logical sector address that has received a read / write command from a host computer, a table of logical sector addresses versus physical sector addresses in a state where there is no initial defect is held. A physical sector address (hereinafter, PBA-1) without an initial defect is obtained from the logical sector address. Subsequently, how many initial defects exist up to the sector address of PBA-1 is obtained and added to PBA-1 (hereinafter, PBA-2).

A search is performed to determine whether PBA-2 corresponds to the next initial defect.
The sector address obtained by incrementing the sector address and continuing the processing until the sector address is no longer applicable becomes the physical sector address corresponding to the logical sector address.

In order to calculate the head sector address of the spare area, a table of logical sector addresses in the state where there is no initial defect versus the spare area is held, and first, the spare sector head sector address without the initial defect (hereinafter referred to as Spare). Area-1) is obtained. Next, the number of initial defects up to the sector address of Spare Area-1 is determined.
are added to are Area-1 (hereinafter, Spare Area-2).

A search is performed to determine whether Spare Area-2 corresponds to the next initial defect.
The sector address of Area-2 is incremented, and the processing is continued until the sector address is not applicable. The obtained sector address becomes the head sector address of the spare area in consideration of the initial defect.

However, when calculating a physical sector address from a logical sector address designated by a host computer or the like, if an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area are tabulated into one by an identification code,
In order to search only the sector address of the initial defect, it takes time to search for the sector address of another factor.

In the table of replacement source / replacement sector addresses of secondary defects, the replacement source sector address is included in the above table, and the replacement destination sector address is held in another table. When the designation from the host computer or the like corresponds to a secondary defect, the replacement destination sector address is obtained. Therefore, another table is searched using the count value to calculate the replacement destination sector address, so that complicated processing is required.

[0012]

As described above, when a logical sector address designated by a host computer or the like is converted into a sector address of an actual optical disk, it takes time to search for a sector address of another factor. In addition, there is a problem that complicated processing is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk apparatus capable of shortening the time required to convert a specified logical sector address to a sector address of an actual optical disk and easily performing the conversion.

[0014]

According to the present invention, there is provided an optical disc apparatus for reading out defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disc, and identifying defect-specific identification information in the defect data read out by the reading means. Storage means for adding and storing in order of addresses, and control means for performing control to search for defective data stored in the storage means using the identification information and to convert a specified logical address into a physical address. I have.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention has a reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and adds defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and stores the defect data in address order. And a control unit that searches for defect data stored in the storage unit between the specified start address and the end address with the identification information of the specified defect and controls the coefficient of the number of identical defects. It is configured.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention comprises a reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and adding identification information corresponding to each defect to the defect data read by the reading means, in the order of addresses. The storage unit includes a storage unit that stores the data and a control unit that performs control to search for the defect data stored in the storage unit with the identification information of the designated defect and to coefficient the number of the same defect.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention reads an initial defect, a secondary defect, which is defect information recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and addresses of a spare area, a guard area, which is information indicating an area on the optical disk. Reading means; storage means for adding identification information to start addresses of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area read by the reading means and storing them in address order; Control means for searching for the start / end addresses of the initial defect, the secondary defect, the spare area, and the guard area using the added identification information, and converting the specified logical address into a physical address. I have.

An optical disk device according to the present invention is connected to a host computer and receives commands such as read / write to record and reproduce data in the loaded optical disk. Reading means for reading defective data, storage means for storing the defect data read by the reading means in the order of addresses by adding identification information for each defect, and a start address to an end address designated by the host computer. And control means for controlling the conversion of the logical address designated by the host computer into a physical address by searching for the defect data stored in the storage means in the storage means.

According to the optical disk apparatus of the present invention, an address of an initial defect recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk is provided.
Reading means for reading the replacement source address and replacement destination address of the secondary defect; and adding identification information for identifying each of the address of the initial defect and the replacement source address of the secondary defect read by the reading means, in order of address. First storage means for storing a defect table; second storage means for storing replacement destination addresses of secondary defects read out by the reading means in address order; The defect table stored in the first storage means is searched by using the identification information for identifying the replacement source address of the secondary defect, and the defect table stored in the second storage means using the searched replacement source address of the secondary defect. And control means for searching for a replacement address of the secondary defect and obtaining a replacement address of the secondary defect.

An optical disk apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a host computer and receives commands such as read / write for recording and reproducing the loaded optical disk. Reading means for reading the address of the initial defect, the replacement source address and the replacement destination address of the secondary defect, and identification for identifying the address of the initial defect and the replacement source address of the secondary defect read by the reading means. First storage means for storing information as a defect table in the order of addresses by adding information, second storage means for storing replacement destination addresses of secondary defects read by the reading means in the order of addresses, and designation from the host computer The defect data stored in the first storage means between the specified start address and end address. Of the secondary defect is identified by the identification information for identifying the replacement source address of the secondary defect, and the replacement destination address of the secondary defect stored in the second storage means is searched using the searched replacement source address of the secondary defect. And control means for performing control for searching for a replacement address of a secondary defect by searching.

[0021]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an optical disk device 10. The optical disk device 10 records data (data) or reproduces recorded data on an optical disk (DVD-RAM) 1 as a recording medium by using focused light.

Further, a host computer 40 for specifying a logical sector address of the optical disk 1 is connected to the optical disk device 10. The optical disk 1 is formed by coating a metal film layer in a donut shape on a surface of a substrate formed in a circle of, for example, glass or plastics, and records or records data using both spiral grooves and lands. This is a phase-change-type rewritable disc in which the recorded data is reproduced and address data is recorded at predetermined intervals by recording marks in a mastering process.

The optical disk 1 has a lead-in area 2, a data area 3, and a lead-out area 4, as shown in FIGS. Lead-in area 2
Consists of an emboss data zone 5 composed of a plurality of tracks and a rewritable data zone 6 composed of a plurality of tracks. In the emboss data zone 5, reference signals and control data are recorded at the time of manufacturing. The rewritable data zone 6 includes a guard track zone, a disk test zone, a drive test zone, a disk identification data zone, and a defect management zone 6a as a defect management area.

The defect management zone 6a records defect data in units of 4 bytes, including the sector numbers of defective sectors caused by initial defects and secondary defects. In the secondary defect data, a sector number of an alternative sector corresponding to the sector number of the defective sector is provided (recorded in the order of the sector number).

The initial defect is determined by recording the dummy data at the time of manufacture or at the start of use of the optical disk, and is determined by the number of errors and the number of error lines at the time of reproduction. The secondary defect is the number of errors of the data reproduced at the time of data recording. And the number of error lines.

The data area 3 is composed of a plurality of, for example, 24 zones 3a,. The lead-out area 4 is composed of a plurality of tracks, and is a rewritable data zone, like the rewritable data zone 6, so that the same recorded contents as the data zone 6 can be recorded.

As shown in FIG. 3, the optical disc 1
In order from the inside, the rewritable data zone 6 and the data area 3 are replaced with the emboss data zone 5 of the lead-in area 2.
, 3x, and the data zone of the lead-out area 4, and the clock signal for each zone is the same.
And the number of sectors for each track is different.

In the zones 3a,..., 3x of the data area 3, the number of rotations (speed) becomes slower as going from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the optical disc 1, and the number of sectors per track increases. I have.

The relationship between the speed data as the number of revolutions and the number of sectors per track for each of the zones 3a,... 3x, 4, 5, and 6 is recorded in a correspondence table of the semiconductor memory 21 described later.

.. 3x of the data area 3
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, data is recorded in advance in each track in units of ECC (error correction code) block data (for example, 38688 bytes) as a unit of data recording.

Each of the zones 3a,... 3x is composed of a user area and a spare area composed of a substitute sector for a defective sector. The spare area is provided on the outer peripheral side of the corresponding user area.

.., 3x (zones 0 to 23) are recorded in a semiconductor memory 21 of the optical disk device 10, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, for each zone,
Zone number, number of sectors per track (per revolution), start sector number (hex), sector number of inner guard area (hex), group number, sector number of user area (hex) and number of ECC blocks, The spare area sector number (hex) and the number of sectors, the outer guard area sector number (hex), the end sector number (hex), the group start sector number, and the group start sector number (hex) are recorded. .

The number of sectors in one track is as follows:
7, zone 1 is 18,... Zone 23 is 40, and the number increases by one sector as going from the inner circumference to the outer circumference. The start sector number indicates the number of the first sector of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The sector number of the inner guard area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the inner guard area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The group numbers are assigned the same numbers as the corresponding zone numbers. The sector number of the user area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the user area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The number of ECC blocks indicates the number of ECC blocks in the user area of the corresponding zone in decimal. The sector number of the spare area indicates the first sector number and the last sector number of the spare area of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The number of sectors indicates the number of sectors in the spare area of the corresponding zone in decimal. The first sector number and the last sector number of the outer guard area of the corresponding zone are set to 1 for the sector number of the outer guard area.
Shown in hexadecimal. The end sector number indicates the number of the last sector of the corresponding zone in hexadecimal. The start sector number of the group indicates the first sector number of the actually used sector of the corresponding zone group in decimal and hexadecimal, and is consecutively numbered for each zone.

The ECC block is composed of 16 sectors in which 2K bytes of data are recorded. As shown in FIG. 5, each sector has a 4-byte (32-bit) sector ID (identification data) as address data. ) 1-I
D16 is a 2-byte error detection code (IED: I
D error detection code) along with a horizontal ECC (error correction code) 1 and a vertical ECC 2 as an error correction code for reproducing data recorded in an ECC block. It is to be recorded. This ECC
Numerals 1 and 2 are error correction codes added to data as redundant words in order to prevent data from being unable to be reproduced due to a defect of the optical disk 1.

Each sector is composed of 12 rows of data of 172 bytes, and a horizontal ECC1 of 10 bytes is provided for each row, and a vertical ECC2 of one row of 182 bytes is provided for each row. Have been. As a result, the error correction circuit 32, which will be described later,
The error correction process for each line is performed using C1, and the error correction process is performed for each column using ECC2 in the vertical direction.

When the ECC block is recorded on the optical disc 1, as shown in FIG. 6, data is written for each predetermined data amount of each sector (each predetermined data length interval, for example, 91 bytes: 1456 channel bits). Synchronization code (2 bytes: 3
2 channel bits).

As shown in FIG. 7, each sector is composed of 26 frames from the 0th frame to the 25th frame, and a synchronization code (frame synchronization signal) assigned to each frame has a frame number. Specific code for specifying (1 byte: 16 channel bits) and common code common to each frame (1 byte: 16 channel bits)
It is composed of

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the zeroth frame is SY0, the second, tenth, and eighteenth frames are SY1,
The fourth, twelfth and twentieth frames are SY2, sixth and first frames.
The 4th and 22nd frames are SY3, the 8th, 16th and 24th frames are SY4, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th frames are SY5, the 11th, 13th, 15th and 17th frames Is SY6, and the 19th, 21st, 23rd, and 25th frames are SY7.

.. 3x of the data area 3
As shown in FIG. 2, each track has
A header section 11 in which addresses and the like are recorded, respectively.
Are pre-formatted in advance.

The format for each sector is shown in FIG.
Is shown in In FIG. 8, one sector is 2697
It is composed of 128 bytes of header area (corresponding to the header part 11), 2 bytes of mirror area 7, and 2567 bytes of recording area 8.

The channel bits recorded in the sector have a format in which 8-bit data is modulated into 16-bit channel bits by 8-16 code. The header area 11 is an area where predetermined data is recorded when the optical disc 1 is manufactured. This header area 11
It is composed of four header 1 areas, two header areas, three header areas, and four header areas.

The header 1 area to the header 4 area are composed of 46 bytes or 18 bytes, and a 36-byte or 8-byte synchronization code part VFO (Variable Frequency O).
scillator), 3-byte address mark AM (Addres
s Mark), 4-byte address part PID (Position Ide)
ntifier), 2-byte error detection code IED (ID Err
or Detection Code) 1 byte postamble PA
(Postambles).

Further, referring to FIG.
Will be described. Basic Functions of Optical Disc Apparatus 10 In the optical disc apparatus 10, new data is recorded or rewritten (including data erasure) using a converging spot at a predetermined position on the optical disc 1.

Further, the optical disk device 10 reproduces the already recorded data from a predetermined position on the optical disk 1 by using a converging spot. Means for Achieving Basic Functions of Optical Disk Apparatus 10 As means for achieving the above basic functions, the optical disk apparatus 1
At 0, there are the following three points.

The focused spot is traced (followed) along a track (not shown) on the optical disc 1.
The recording / reproducing / erasing of data is switched by changing the light amount of the converging spot irradiated on the optical disc 1.

The recording signal d supplied from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording at a high density and a low error rate. Signal Detection by Optical Head 12 The optical head 12 basically includes a semiconductor laser element as a light source, a photodetector, and an objective lens, not shown.

The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is focused on the optical disk 1 by the objective lens. The laser light reflected by the light reflection film or the light reflection recording film of the optical disc 1 is photoelectrically converted by a photodetector.

The detection current obtained by the photodetector is
The current-to-voltage conversion results in a detection signal. This detection signal is processed by the focus / track error detection circuit 14 or the binarization circuit 15. Generally, a photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection areas, and individually detects a change in the amount of light applied to each photodetection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 14 calculates the sum / difference of the individual detection signals to detect a focus shift and a track shift. A signal on the optical disk 1 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflecting film or the light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1.

Defocus Detection Method As a method of optically detecting the amount of defocus, there is an astigmatism method or a knife edge method.

In the astigmatism method, an optical element (not shown) for generating astigmatism is arranged in a detection optical path of a laser beam reflected by a light reflection film or a light reflection recording film of the optical disk 1, and light is detected. A method for detecting a change in the shape of laser light applied to a vessel. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally.
Focusing on the detection signal obtained from each detection area
The difference between the diagonal sums is obtained in the track error detection circuit 14 to obtain a focus error detection signal.

The knife edge method is a method of arranging a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of a laser beam reflected by the optical disk 1. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a difference between detection signals obtained from each detection area is obtained to obtain a focus error detection signal.

Track deviation detection method The optical disc 1 has spiral or concentric tracks, and data is recorded on the tracks. Data is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing the focused spot along the track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

As a method of detecting a track deviation, generally, D
There are a PD (Differential Phase Detection) method, a push-pull method, and a twin-spot method.
The DPD method detects a change in intensity distribution of a laser beam reflected by a light reflection film or a light reflection recording film of the optical disc 1 on a photodetector. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. The difference between the diagonal sums of the detection signals obtained from the respective detection areas in the focus / track error detection circuit 14 is obtained to obtain a track error detection signal.

The push-pull method detects a change in intensity distribution of a laser beam reflected by the optical disk 1 on a photodetector. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area.

In the twin-spot method, a diffractive element or the like is arranged in a light transmission system between the semiconductor laser element and the optical disk 1 to split the light into a plurality of wavefronts and change the reflected light amount of the ± 1st-order diffracted light applied to the optical disk 1 Is detected. A light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light amount of the + 1st-order diffracted light and the reflected light amount of the -1st-order diffracted light is arranged separately from the light detection area for detecting the reproduction signal. Get.

Objective Lens Actuator Structure An objective lens (not shown) for focusing the laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element on the optical disk 1 moves in two axial directions according to the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. It has a possible structure. The moving direction of the objective lens is determined by the optical disc 1
, And in the radial direction of the optical disc 1 for track deviation correction. Although not shown, the moving mechanism of the objective lens is called an objective lens actuator.

As an objective lens actuator structure,
A shaft sliding method or a four-wire method is often used. Both types have a structure in which a permanent magnet and a coil are provided, and the blade is moved by passing a current through a coil connected to the blade.

The axis sliding method is a method in which a blade integral with the objective lens moves along a central axis (shaft). The blade moves in a direction along the central axis to correct a focus shift, and the central axis is moved. This is a method in which track deviation is corrected by the rotation of the blade as a reference.

In the four-wire system, a blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires.
This is a method of moving a blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of wires.

Rotation control system of optical disk 1 The optical disk 1 is mounted on a rotating table 18 which is rotated by the driving force of a spindle motor 17.

The rotation speed of the optical disk 1 is detected based on a reproduction signal obtained from the optical disk 1. That is, the amplifier 1
The three-output detection signal (analog signal) is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 15, and this signal is converted into a PLL circuit 19
Generates a constant period signal (reference clock signal). The rotation speed detection circuit 20 detects the number of rotations of the optical disc 1 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of rotations corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the optical disk 1 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 in advance. When the reproducing position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 22 sets the target rotation speed of the optical disc 1 with reference to the data in the semiconductor memory 21 and notifies the spindle motor driving circuit 23 of the value.

The spindle motor drive circuit 23 obtains the difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the rotation speed detection circuit 20, and supplies a drive current according to the result to the spindle motor 17. Control is performed so that the rotation speed of the spindle motor 17 is constant. The output signal of the rotation speed detection circuit 20 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the optical disc 1,
In 3, control is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of this signal.

Optical Head Moving Mechanism The optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 24 for moving the optical head 12 in the radial direction of the optical disk 1 is provided.

In many cases, a rod-shaped guide shaft is used as a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 12, and the optical head 12 is moved by utilizing friction between the guide shaft and a bush attached to a part of the optical head 12. I do. In addition, there is a method of using a bearing in which a frictional force is reduced by using a rotary motion.

Although a driving force transmitting method for moving the optical head 12 is not shown, a rotating motor having a pinion (rotating gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshing with the pinion, is mounted on the optical head 12. And converts the rotary motion of the rotary motor into a linear motion of the optical head 12. As another driving force transmission method, a linear motor system in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and current flows in a coil arranged in the optical head 12 to move the coil in a linear direction may be used.

In both the rotary motor and the linear motor, basically, a current is supplied to the feed motor to
A driving force for movement is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 25.

Focused Spot Trace Control In order to perform focus shift correction or track shift correction, an objective lens actuator (not shown) in the optical head 12 according to an output signal (detection signal) of the focus / track error detection circuit 14. The objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 supplies a drive current to the actuator.
A phase compensating circuit for improving characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator is provided inside in order to make the movement of the objective lens respond quickly at a high frequency range.

The objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 turns on / off the focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop) in accordance with a command from the control unit 22, and moves the objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the optical disk 1. A process of moving at a low speed (executed when the focus / track loop is off), and a process of moving the focused spot to an adjacent track by slightly moving the optical disc 1 in a radial direction (a direction crossing the track) using a kick pulse. .

Switching of laser light quantity for reproduction and recording / erasing Switching between reproduction and recording / erasing is performed by changing the light quantity of a converging spot irradiated onto the optical disc 1.

For the optical disk 1 using the phase change method, the following relationship is generally established: [light amount at the time of recording]> [light amount at the time of erasing]> [light amount at the time of reproduction]. In general, there is a relationship of [light amount at the time of recording] / [light amount at the time of erasing]> [light amount at the time of reproduction]. In the case of the magneto-optical method, the recording and erasing processes are controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the optical disk 1 during recording / erasing.

At the time of data reproduction, the optical disc 1 is continuously irradiated with a constant light quantity. When recording new data, a pulsed intermittent light amount is added to the light amount at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser element emits a pulse with a large amount of light, the light-reflective recording film of the optical disk 1 locally undergoes an optical change or shape change, and a recording mark is formed. Similarly, when overwriting an area already recorded, the semiconductor laser element is caused to emit pulse light.

When erasing already recorded data, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated.
In the case where data is continuously erased, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and data is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. The track number and address of the track to be intermittently erased are reproduced, and the erasing process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erased track.

Laser Emission Control Although not shown, the optical head 12 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. The semiconductor laser driving circuit 26 calculates the difference between the photodetector output (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the light emission reference signal given from the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 27, and based on the result, The drive current to the laser is fed back.

Activation Control When the optical disk 1 is mounted on the turntable 18 and activation control is started, processing is performed according to the following procedure. 1) The target rotation speed is transmitted from the control unit 22 to the spindle motor drive circuit 23, and a drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 23 to the spindle motor 17, so that the spindle motor 17 starts rotating. 2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control unit 22 to the feed motor drive circuit 25, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 25 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 24 so that the optical head 12 The optical disk 1 moves to the innermost position. It is confirmed that the optical head 12 is located further inward of the optical disk 1 than the area where the data is recorded. 3) When the spindle motor 17 reaches the target rotation speed,
The status (status report) is sent to the control unit 22. 4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser driving circuit 26 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 12 according to the reproduced light amount signal sent from the control unit 22 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 27, and laser emission is started. I do.

The optimum irradiation light amount at the time of reproduction differs depending on the type of the optical disk 1. At the time of startup, it is set to the value with the lowest irradiation light amount. 5) The optical head 12 according to a command from the control unit 22
The objective lens (not shown) is shifted to the position farthest from the optical disc 1 and the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 controls the objective lens to approach the optical disc 1 slowly. 6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 14 monitors the amount of defocus, and outputs a status to the control unit 22 when the objective lens comes near the focused position. 7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn on the focus loop. 8) The control unit 22 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 25 while keeping the focus loop on, and
2 is slowly moved toward the outer peripheral portion of the optical disc 1. 9) At the same time, monitor the reproduction signal from the optical head 12,
When the optical head 12 reaches the recording area on the optical disc 1, the movement of the optical head 12 is stopped, and a command to turn on the track loop is issued to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. 10) Reproduce the “optimum light quantity at the time of reproduction” and “optimum light quantity at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the inner peripheral portion of the optical disc 1,
The data is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 via the control unit 22. 11) Further, the control unit 22 sets the "optimum light amount during reproduction".
Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 2
7, the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction is reset. 12) The light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set according to the “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the optical disc 1.

Reproduction of Access Destination Data on Optical Disk 1 Data on what kind of data is recorded at which location on the optical disk 1 differs depending on the type of the optical disk 1. Recorded in the directory management area or the navigation pack.

The directory management area is recorded collectively in the inner circumference area or the outer circumference area of the optical disc 1.
The navigation pack is included in a VOBS (Video Object Set) conforming to the data structure of the PS (Program Stream) of MPEG2, and records data on where the next video is recorded.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / delete specific data, the data in the above-mentioned area is reproduced first, and the access destination is determined from the obtained data. Rough access control The control unit 22 calculates the radius position of the access destination by calculation, and calculates the distance from the current position of the optical head 12.

The speed curve data which can be reached in the shortest time with respect to the moving distance of the optical head 12 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 in advance. The control unit 22 reads the data and controls the movement of the optical head 12 according to the speed curve in the following manner.

After the control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 25 is controlled to start the movement of the optical head 12.

When the focused spot crosses a track on the optical disk 1, the focus / track error detection circuit 14
A track error detection signal is generated within the frame. Using this track error detection signal, the relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the optical disc 1 can be detected.

The feed motor drive circuit 25 calculates the difference between the relative speed of the condensed spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 14 and the target speed data sent one by one from the control unit 22, and uses the result as an optical head. The optical head 12 is moved while applying feedback to the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 24.

As described in the above "optical head moving mechanism", frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or bearing. When the optical head 12 is moving at high speed, kinetic friction acts. However, at the start of movement and immediately before the stop, static friction acts because the moving speed of the optical head 12 is slow. At this time, since the relative frictional force has increased (particularly immediately before the stop), the amplification factor (gain) of the current supplied to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 24 in response to a command from the control unit 22 is increased. .

Fine Access Control When the optical head 12 reaches the target position, the control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the optical disk 1. The current focused spot position is calculated from the address or the track number, the number of error tracks from the target position is calculated in the control unit 22, and the number of tracks required for moving the focused spot is determined by the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16. Notify.

When one set of kick pulses is generated in the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16, the objective lens slightly moves in the radial direction of the optical disc 1, and the focused spot moves to the next track.

The track loop is temporarily turned off in the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16, a kick pulse is generated a number of times corresponding to the data from the control unit 22, and then the track loop is turned on again.

After completion of the fine access, the control section 22 reproduces the data (address or track number) at the position where the focused spot is traced, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 14 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 25. The control unit 22 controls the feed motor drive circuit 25 so as not to use the track error detection signal during the “start control” and the “access control” described above.

After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by the access, a part of the track error detection signal is transmitted by the command from the control unit 22 via the feed motor drive circuit 25 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed). Motor 24). This control is continued during the period in which the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the optical disk 1 is
8 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly shifted from the center position. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 12 slightly moves in accordance with the eccentricity.

When the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed for a long time, the position of the focused spot gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 24, the optical head 12 gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction accordingly.

In this way, the burden of correcting the track deviation of the objective lens actuator can be reduced, and the track loop can be stabilized. Termination Control When a series of processing is completed and the operation is terminated, the processing is performed according to the following procedure. 1) The control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the track loop. 2) The control unit 22 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 16 to turn off the focus loop. 3) The control unit 22 issues a command to the recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 27 to stop light emission of the semiconductor laser device. 4) Notify the spindle motor drive circuit 23 of 0 as the reference rotation speed.

Signal Format Recorded on Optical Disk 1 For a signal recorded on optical disk 1, (1) correction of a recording data error caused by a defect on optical disk 1 is possible (2) DC component of reproduced signal (3) In order to satisfy the requirement of recording data on the optical disc 1 as high density as possible, the optical disc apparatus 10 needs to add “error correction function”, “record data”. Signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of a signal).

ECC (Error Correction Code) addition processing Data to be recorded on the optical disk 1 is input to the data input / output interface unit 30 as a recording signal d in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21 as it is, and then the ECC encoding circuit 29 performs the following ECC addition processing.

An embodiment of an ECC adding method using a product code will be described below. The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 21
One line at a time every 172 bytes in the
A set of ECC blocks. This "row: 172 x column: 1
For each raw signal (recording signal d) in a set of ECC blocks consisting of
The inner code PI of 0 bytes is calculated and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 21. Further, a 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 21.

As an example of recording on the optical disc 1, a total of 23 lines including 12 lines including the inner code PI and 1 line for the outer code PO
It is recorded in one sector of the optical disc 1 in units of 66 bytes (2366 = (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed in the ECC encoding circuit 29, the one-sector sector 2366 reads a byte-by-byte signal from the semiconductor memory 21 and transfers it to the modulation circuit 28.

Signal modulation DC component of reproduction signal (DSV: Digital Sum Value)
Is approached 0, and signal modulation, which is a conversion of the signal format, is performed in the modulation circuit 28 in order to record data on the optical disc 1 at high density.

The modulation circuit 28 and the demodulation circuit 31 have a conversion table indicating the relationship between the original signal and the modulated signal. The signal transferred from the ECC encoding circuit 29 is divided into a plurality of bits according to the modulation method, and converted into another signal (code) while referring to a conversion table.

For example, 8/16 modulation (R
When the LL (2, 10) code is used, there are two types of conversion tables, and the DC component (DSV: Dis
The reference conversion table is switched one by one so that italSum Value) approaches zero.

Recording Waveform Generation When recording a recording mark on the optical disc 1, generally, a recording method is as follows: mark length recording method: "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of the recording mark. And ○ mark recording method: the center position of the recording mark matches the position of “1”. There are two types.

When mark length recording is performed, it is necessary to form a long recording mark. In this case, if the recording light amount is continuously irradiated for a certain period, a "raindrop" recording mark having a wide width only at the rear portion is formed due to the heat storage effect of the light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1. In order to eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, the recording mark is divided into a plurality of recording pulses or the recording waveform is changed stepwise.

In the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 27, the recording waveform as described above is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 28, and the semiconductor laser driving circuit 2
6.

Binarization / PLL circuit As described in "Signal detection by optical head", a signal on the optical disk 1 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflecting film or light reflective recording film of the optical disk 1. . The signal obtained by the amplifier 13 has an analog waveform. 2
The value conversion circuit 15 converts the signal into a binary digital signal consisting of "1" and "0" using a comparator.

A reference signal for data reproduction is extracted by the PLL circuit 19 from the reproduction signal obtained from this. PL
The L circuit 19 has a built-in variable frequency oscillator. The pulse signal (reference clock) output from the oscillator and 2
Compare the frequency and phase between the output signals of the digitizing circuit 15,
The result is fed back to the oscillator output.

Demodulation of Signal The demodulation circuit 31 has a conversion table indicating the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The signal is returned to the original signal while referring to the conversion table in accordance with the reference clock obtained by the PLL circuit 19. The returned (demodulated) signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 21.

Error Correction Processing The signal stored in the semiconductor memory 21 is subjected to an inner code PI
The error correction circuit 32 detects the error location using the outer code PO and sets an error location pointer flag.

Thereafter, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 21, the signal at the error location is sequentially corrected in accordance with the error pointer flag, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed, and the signal is transferred to the data input / output interface unit 30.

The signal sent from the ECC encoding circuit 29 is output from the data input / output interface unit 30 as a reproduction signal c. Further, in the present embodiment, when the optical disc 1 is loaded into the optical disc apparatus 10, the defect data recorded in the defect management zone 6 a of the optical disc 1 is reproduced and stored in the RAM 33, which will be described in detail later. A start sector address and an end sector address are added and stored, and the time required for the data processor 35 to calculate a physical address from a logical sector address is reduced.

The RAM 33 has an initial defect (PD
Logical sector address (LBA) without L)
A table of physical sector addresses (PBA) is stored.

Next, conversion of a logical sector address to a physical sector address in this embodiment with such a configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
It shows a configuration example of a defect table to which an identification code stored in the AM 33 is added.

The control unit 22 determines the replacement source of an initial defect (PDL), which is defect data recorded on the optical disk 1 loaded in the optical disk device 10, and a secondary defect (SDL).
The spare area (Spare Area) and the guard area (Guard Area), which are the information indicating the area on the optical disc 1, are arranged in one table in ascending order, and the sector address is PDL, SDL, Sp.
An identification code is added to the are area or the guard area, and stored in the RAM 33 as a defect table.

At this time, defect information (PDL, SDL) and area information (Spare Area, Guard) in the defect table
d Area) is composed of 4 bytes, an identification code is added to the first byte, and a sector address (start, end) is assigned to the remaining 3 bytes. As shown in FIG. 9, the identification code uses 3 bits out of 8 bits, and the initial defect (PDL) is “000” and the secondary defect (SDL) is “10”.
0 ", the spare area is" 101 ", and the guard area is" 110 ".

The data processor 35 obtains a sector address within the range between the start sector address and the end sector address with reference to the defect table in the RAM 33, and further specifies the specified identification code (PDL: “000”, SDL:
"100", Spare Area: "101", Guard Area:
By outputting the number corresponding to “110”), it is possible to reduce the time for calculating the physical sector address from the logical sector address specified by the host computer 40. Further, the data processor 35 can specify the identification code to obtain the number of cases other than the initial defect (PDL).

FIG. 10 shows an example of the configuration of the replacement destination sector address table of the secondary defect (SDL). The control unit 22 stores the replacement destination sector address of the secondary defect (SDL) recorded on the optical disk 1 loaded in the optical disk device 10 and the secondary defect (SDL) in the RAM 33 as a replacement destination sector address table in ascending order. I do.

The data processor 35 has a secondary defect (SD
Even if the replacement source sector address of L) is included in the defect table of FIG. 9 and only the replacement destination sector address is held in the replacement destination sector address table as shown in FIG. 10, the replacement source sector of the secondary defect is obtained. The correspondence between the address and the replacement destination sector address is facilitated.

FIG. 11 shows a logical sector address (LBA).
FIG. 3 shows an example of correspondence between and a physical sector address (PBA). When calculating the head sector address of the spare area (Spare Area), in FIG. 11A, the data processor 35 stores the logical sector address (L) in the state where there is no initial defect (PDL) stored in the RAM 33.
First, a spare area head address 10 without an initial defect (PDL) is obtained from a logical sector address (for example, “10”) with reference to a table of (BA) versus a physical sector address (PBA).

Subsequently, the data processor 35 has a RAM
By referring to the defect table stored in the spare area 33, an initial defect (PDL) can be obtained up to the spare area start address 10.
Are determined (three places in this case, where x is an initial defect), and the result is added to the spare area start address 10 to obtain a spare area start address 13 as a physical sector address.

Further, the data processor 35 determines that the added spare area start address 13 indicates the next initial defect (P
DL), and if so, the physical sector address is incremented. The physical sector address obtained by continuing the processing until the data does not correspond to the logical sector address (LBA) is retrieved. Physical sector address (PBA). In this case, since it does not apply, the physical sector address for the logical sector address 10 is “13”.

In FIGS. 11A and 11B, the spare area (physical sector address) is “13” because the physical sector address of the spare area start address is “13”.
~ 16 ". The head of the subsequent guard area (Guard Area) starts from “17”, and the guard area (physical sector address) is “17 to 18”. The zone (Zon
e) The boundary is between “18” and “19”, and the beginning of the guard area following this is “19”,
The guard area (physical sector address) is "19 to 2".
0 ". The physical sector address at the head of the next user area is “21”. As a matter of course, as shown in the figure, the logical sector address at the head of this user area is “1”.
0 ".

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of defects is determined by the hardware (RAM 33 and data processor 35), so that even if the number of defect information increases and the table becomes large, the search time is not affected. Requires less. Therefore, the overhead time of the firmware is reduced, and the command execution time can be reduced.

Also, the table of the replacement source sector address and the replacement destination sector address of the secondary defect is divided and stored in the RAM 33.
Even in a system that cannot be dealt with one-to-one, the number of secondary defects up to the designated sector address is obtained, and the replacement sector address table is accessed based on the number to obtain the replacement sector address. Can be easily obtained.

The defect information having the identification code is set to 1
By arranging the addresses in two ascending tables, it is only necessary to sequentially determine whether or not the sector addresses are within the specified range, so that the search can be facilitated.

Further, the configuration of the hardware (RAM 33 and data processor 35) is easy, and the search time can be greatly reduced by using hardware. Also, by providing the identification code, the start sector address and the end sector address to the hardware, the sector address on the table falls between the start sector address and the end sector address, and the sector address where the identification code matches is counted. Thus, it is possible to easily know how many identical defects exist in the specified range.

Even in a table including various defect information, an identification code is given to each sector address, and by recognizing the identification code, the number of identical defects can be easily grasped.

[0128]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide an optical disk apparatus that can reduce the time required to convert a specified logical sector address to an actual optical disk sector address and that can easily convert the sector address.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical disk device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an optical disc.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical disc.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of each zone of a data area of the optical disc;

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of an ECC block of the optical disc.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of an ECC block of the optical disc.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the configuration of each sector of an ECC block.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a sector format of an ECC block.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a defect table to which an identification code is added.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a secondary defect replacement destination sector address table.

FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the correspondence between a logical sector address and a physical sector address.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 optical disk 2 lead-in area 3 data area 4 lead-out area 5 emboss data zone 6 rewritable data zone 6a defect management zone 10 optical disk device 21 semiconductor memory 22 control unit 33 RAM (storage) Means) 35 Data processor (control means)

Claims (7)

[Claims] A reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk; a storage means for adding defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and storing the defect data in address order; An optical disk device comprising: control means for searching for defect data stored in the storage means using the identification information, and controlling to convert a designated logical address to a physical address. 2. A reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, a storage means for adding defect-specific identification information to the defect data read by the reading means and storing the defect data in address order; Control means for searching for defect data stored in the storage means between the specified start address and the end address with the identification information of the specified defect, and performing control for counting the number of identical defects. Characteristic optical disk device. 3. A reading means for reading defect data recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, and a storage means for adding identification information corresponding to each defect to the defect data read by the reading means and storing the defect data in address order. An optical disk device, comprising: control means for searching the defect data stored in the storage means with the identification information of the designated defect and controlling the number of the same defects. 4. Reading means for reading an address of an initial defect, a secondary defect, which is defect information recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk, a spare area, information indicating an area on the optical disk, and a guard area. Storage means for adding identification information to start / end addresses of an initial defect, a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area read by the reading means and storing them in address order; Control means for searching for a start address of a secondary defect, a spare area, and a guard area using the added identification information, and controlling to convert a specified logical address to a physical address. Optical disk device. 5. An optical disk drive connected to a host computer for receiving and reading commands such as read / write and recording / reproducing an optical disk loaded therein. The optical disk apparatus reads defect data recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disk. Reading means for outputting the defect data read by the reading means, storing means for adding defect-specific identification information and storing the defect data in order of addresses, and storing the defect data between the start address and the end address designated by the host computer. An optical disk device, comprising: control means for searching stored defect data with identification information and performing control for converting a logical address designated by the host computer into a physical address. 6. A reading means for reading an address of an initial defect recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk, a replacement source address and a replacement destination address of a secondary defect, and an address of the initial defect read by the reading means. 2
First storage means for adding identification information for identifying each to the replacement source address of the next defect and storing the replacement table as a defect table in the order of addresses; and storing the replacement destination address of the secondary defect read by the reading means in the order of addresses. The second storage means and the defect table stored in the first storage means between the designated start address and the end address are searched for identification information for identifying the replacement source address of the secondary defect. Control means for controlling the search for the replacement destination address of the secondary defect by searching for the replacement destination address of the secondary defect stored in the second storage means using the replacement source address of the secondary defect. An optical disc device characterized by the above-mentioned. 7. An optical disc apparatus connected to a host computer for receiving and reading commands such as read / write and for recording and reproducing the loaded optical disc. An initial defect address recorded in a predetermined area of the optical disc. Reading means for reading the replacement source address and the replacement destination address of the secondary defect;
First storage means for adding identification information for identifying each to the replacement source address of the next defect and storing it as a defect table in the order of addresses; and storing the replacement destination address of the secondary defect read by the reading means in the order of addresses A second storage unit, and a defect table stored in the first storage unit between the start address and the end address designated by the host computer is searched for identification information for identifying a replacement source address of a secondary defect; Control means for performing control for searching for a replacement address of the secondary defect by searching for a replacement address of the secondary defect stored in the second storage means using the replacement source address of the searched secondary defect; An optical disc device, comprising: