JPH11124583A - Process and apparatus for carbonizing organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carbonize organic matter continuously at a high speed by a simple structure. SOLUTION: A carbonizer 10 has a vertically fixed treating cylinder 12 and a heating means for heating the cylinder externally, a material 24 to be treated and small pieces 22 of a heating medium are fed into the cylinder 12 through its top inlet 14 so as to form vertically alternating layers, and the material 24 is carbonized by heating it in an oxygen-free state through the pieces 22 from the peripheral wall of the cylinder 12. The pieces 22 and the carbonized material 24 are accumulated in a withdrawal outlet 16, discharged little by little through the outlet 16 kept shut to prevent air from entering the cylinder 12 through the outlet 16. The pieces 22 are separated from the material 24 and fed into the cylinder 12 repeatedly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization method and apparatus for heating and carbonizing an organic substance in an oxygen-free state.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional carbonization method or apparatus, in order to prevent organic substances from coming into contact with oxygen, the organic substances must be heated from the outside in a sealed container. There were many things.

In the case of continuous processing, a sealing device must be provided so that air does not enter the container when the material to be processed is charged and unloaded, and a transport device for moving the material to be processed in the container is required. Met.

[0004]

The above-described batch-type carbonization method and apparatus have a problem in that it is difficult to continuously carbonize a large amount of workpieces.

[0005] In the method and apparatus for continuous treatment, the cost of the means for transporting the object to be processed and the operation cost thereof, and further, the cost of the means for sealing the container of the object to be processed is increased, and the apparatus is liable to break down. There is a problem that maintenance is not easy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has a very low manufacturing cost and operating cost, and does not require a device for transporting a material to be processed during processing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for carbonizing an organic substance with less failure.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method comprising:
As described above, in a processing cylinder arranged in a substantially vertical direction, from the upper end thereof, while continuously supplying the material to be processed and a large number of heat transfer pieces having a high heat conductivity in layers alternately in the vertical direction, The material to be processed and the heat medium small piece in the processing cylinder are heated from the outside to the carbonization temperature of the material to be processed through the at least lower peripheral wall of the processing cylinder in a state where air is shut off, and the heat medium small piece and the carbonized material The above object is achieved by a carbonization method for organic matter, which comprises extracting a material from the lower end of a processing cylinder.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the heating medium small piece drawn from the lower end of the processing cylinder is separated from the carbonized material to be processed, and supplied into the processing cylinder from the upper end. Good.

Further, the heating means may be a combustion device, and a combustible gas generated inside the processing cylinder may be recovered from an upper portion of the processing cylinder, and a part of the fuel of the combustion device may be recovered. Or, it may be all.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat medium piece may be a metal sphere.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing cylinder comprising a cylindrical body disposed substantially vertically and having an inlet at an upper end and a drawer at a lower end. A heating device that heats the peripheral wall from the outside to the carbonization temperature of the organic substance, a charging port shielding device that opens and closes a charging port at the upper end of the processing cylinder, and a layer formed of a high heat conductive material and formed in a substantially horizontal layer inside the processing cylinder. And, in the form of a layer, a large number of heat medium pieces that can move downward in the processing cylinder, and when the input port is opened, the heat medium pieces and the material to be processed, into the processing cylinder from the input port, A material feeding device for supplying the material to be processed alternately in a vertical direction, a separation device for separating the heat medium small piece drawn out from the outlet of the processing cylinder and the material to be processed, and a separated heat medium small piece And a heating medium small piece collecting device for transferring the material to the material to be processed charging device. The carbonization treatment apparatus of the organic substance composed of a, is to achieve the above object.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the heating device may be a combustion device that burns fuel and heats an outer peripheral wall at least near a lower end of the processing cylinder with the combustion gas.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the processing cylinder has a double cylinder shape composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder inner space is provided at least at a position near a lower end through an outer space of the outer cylinder via a communication port. And the heat medium small pieces and the material to be processed, which are supplied from the input port, may move in the direction of the outlet port through the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0014] According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the space inside the inner cylinder is at least at a position higher than half of the total height and traverses the annular space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. An upper communication port communicating with the space may be provided.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the heating device burns the fuel and supplies the combustion gas from the outside of the outer cylinder to the communication port at the position of the communication port of the outer cylinder in the processing cylinder. It may be a combustion device.

[0016] According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, a pair of the communication ports are arranged on a substantially horizontal straight line that intersects the inner cylinder and traverses an annular internal space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The combustion gas may be blown into the inner cylinder from outside the outer cylinder along the straight line.

[0017] According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there may be provided a fuel recovery device for recovering the combustible gas from the upper portion of the inner space of the processing cylinder and supplying the combustible gas to the combustion device as fuel.

According to a twelfth aspect, a heat retaining cylinder may be provided which surrounds the outside of the processing cylinder with a gap.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the separation device is disposed below the outlet at the lower end of the processing cylinder, receives the heat medium small pieces discharged from the outlet and the carbonized material to be processed, and is disposed laterally. A vibration conveyer to be carried out and a sorting device for separating the heat medium pieces and the carbonized material carried out by the vibration conveyer may be provided.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a cooling device is provided to surround a lower portion of the outlet of the processing cylinder and to cool the heat medium pieces discharged from the outlet and the carbonized workpiece. Good.

According to a fifteenth aspect, the heat medium small pieces may be metal spheres.

In the present invention, the material to be processed, which descends by gravity in the processing cylinder, is heat-transferred and heated from the peripheral wall of the processing cylinder via a number of small heat medium pieces alternately layered with the material to be processed. Carbonized and pulled out from the lower end of the processing cylinder. Since the material to be processed and the heat medium pieces are alternately filled in the processing cylinder, the lower end opening of the processing cylinder is closed by the carbonized material to be processed and the heat medium pieces so that air does not enter, and the material to be processed is This does not come into contact with air when carbonizing.

Further, since the material to be processed is carbonized while being lowered by gravity in the processing cylinder, a special device for transporting the material to be processed is not required.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an organic carbonizing apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a cylindrical body arranged substantially vertically, and has an input port 14 at an upper end thereof. Processing tube 12 provided with drawer port 16 at the lower end
And a heating device 18 for heating the peripheral wall of the processing tube 12 from the outside to the carbonization temperature of the organic substance, an input port shielding device 20 for opening and closing the input port 14 at the upper end of the processing tube 12, and an iron spherical body (ball). In the processing tube 12, a large number of heat medium pieces 22 that can be laminated in a substantially horizontal layer in the horizontal direction, and are layered, and can move downward in the processing tube 12, and when the input port 14 is opened, The heat medium small piece 22 and the material to be treated 24 are drawn out from the inlet 14 into the processing tube 12 in a layered manner alternately in the vertical direction and from the outlet 16 of the processing tube 12. A separation device 28 for separating the heating medium small piece 22 from the processed material 24 after processing, and a heating medium small piece collecting device 30 for transporting the separated heating medium small piece 22 to the processing material input device 26 are provided. It is configured.

The processing cylinder 12 is formed in a double cylinder shape including an inner cylinder 32 and an outer cylinder 34, and the inner space 33 of the inner cylinder 32 has a pair of communication ports 36A and 36B near the lower end thereof at the left side in FIG. The communication medium 36 communicates with the space outside the outer cylinder 34 through the communication port 36 </ b> B, and the heat medium small piece 22 and the material to be processed 24 input from the input port 14 are disposed between the outer cylinder 34 and the inner cylinder 32. It passes through the annular space 35 and descends in the direction of the outlet 16.

The pair of communication ports 36A and 36B are disposed on a substantially horizontal straight line that crosses the annular space 35 with the inner cylinder 32 therebetween.

The space 33 inside the inner cylinder 32 crosses the annular space 35 horizontally through the upper communication port 38 at a height of about 略 of the total height, and the outer space of the outer cylinder 34 Is communicated to.

An annular gap 40 is provided outside the outer cylinder 34.
A heat insulating cylinder 40 made of a heat insulating material is provided via A. The upper end of the heat retaining cylinder 40 is closed by a lid 41, and the lower end is arranged so that a gap 40A is opened downward in the vicinity of the drawer opening 16. Furthermore, the heat insulation tube 4
A chimney 40B is attached to the upper end side of 0 so as to discharge the gas in the gap 40A.

The heating device 18 includes a burner 18A for burning liquid fuel or gaseous fuel, and a flame formed by burning the fuel in the burner 18A.
0 and a flame guide pipe 18B that leads to one of the communication ports 36A through the first communication port 36A.

The flame guide pipe 18B is arranged so that its central axis is aligned with the central axes of the communication ports 36A and 36B.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 18C denotes a fuel pump for pumping fuel to the burner 18A, 18D a blower for supplying compressed air for combustion to the burner, 18E a combustible gas in the flame guide pipe 18B near the burner 18A. Each shows a combustible gas blower for injecting gas (described later).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the input port shielding device 20 is provided at the input port 1 at the upper end of the outer cylinder 34.
An upper cover 20A swingably provided so as to open and close the opening 4 from above, and a pair of shielding plates 20B which move horizontally to shield or open the insertion port 14 at a position below the upper end of the outer cylinder 34. And an upper lid cylinder 20C for swinging and opening the upper lid 20A and a pair of shielding cylinders 20D for opening and closing the pair of shielding plates 20B.

A cooling device 42 having a vertical through-hole 42A having an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube 34 is provided further below the lower end outlet 16 of the processing tube 12.

The cooling device 42 has a cooling water jacket 42B surrounding the through-hole 42A, and the cooling medium circulated through the cooling water jacket 42B and the heat medium small pieces 22 falling from the outlet 16 and carbonized. The processed material 24 is cooled.

Below the cooling device 42, a vibrating conveyor 44 is disposed substantially horizontally, and receives the heat medium small pieces 22 and the carbonized workpiece 24 that fall through the cooling device 42 on the conveyor surface. And by vibrating in the horizontal direction, they are conveyed toward the tip of the conveyor.

Reference numeral 45A in FIG. 1 denotes a vibrator for exciting the vibration conveyor 44, and 45B denotes a vibration conveyor 44.
Respectively show springs that can be suspended in the horizontal direction.

The separation device 28 includes a vibration conveyor 44
And the heat medium small piece 2 which is going to fall from the tip in the conveyance direction
2 and a separation nozzle 28 that blows compressed air to blow the carbonized workpiece 24 rightward in FIG.
A, a hopper 28B provided near the tip of the separation nozzle for receiving the heating medium small pieces 22 falling from the tip of the vibration conveyor 44, and the carbonized workpiece blown off by the amount of compressed air from the separation nozzle 28A. And a carbide hopper 28 </ b> C for receiving the 24. Compressed air is supplied to the separation nozzle 28A from a separation blower 28D.

The heating medium small pieces 22 sorted by the separation device 28 into the hopper 28B are conveyed to the heating medium small piece hopper 46 by the screw conveyor 28E arranged at the lower end of the hopper 28B.

The heat medium small pieces 22 collected in the heat medium small piece hopper 46 are intermittently conveyed by the heat medium small piece collection device 30 to the input port 14 by a predetermined amount.

The heating medium small piece recovering device 30 is provided near the heating medium small piece hopper 46 and can receive the heating medium small piece 22 therefrom.
A lift 30 for lifting A near the upper side of the inlet 14
B and the bucket 30A at the upper end position of the lift 30B are shown in FIG.
And a chute 30C for guiding the heat medium small piece 22 flowing out of the bucket 30A to the inlet 14 when tilted clockwise in FIG.

The bucket 30A and the chute 30
C also configures the material-to-be-processed charging device 26 so that the material to be processed 24 can be transported and charged into the inlet 14.

A combustible gas suction pipe 48 for discharging gas in the annular space 35 is connected to a position above the upper end of the heat retaining cylinder 40 in the outer cylinder 34.

The combustible gas suction pipe 48 is connected to the combustible gas blower 1 through a gas purifier 50 shown in FIG.
The combustible gas blower 18E is connected to the suction side of the combustible gas blower 18E to suck gas from the upper part of the annular space 35.

The combustible gas purifier 50 includes a first scrubber 50A and a second scrubber 50B arranged in series.
And chlorine gas, dust and the like contained in the gas are removed by water sprayed from each upper end.

Reference numeral 52 in FIG. 2 denotes a water tank in which water in the cooling water jacket 42B of the cooling device 42 is circulated and cooled and purified. 52A is a cooling water jacket 4
5 shows a water pump for circulating cooling water between 2B and a water tank 52.

An adsorbent 52B is disposed in the water tank 52, and includes a first scrubber 50A and a second scrubber 50B.
And the water passing through the cooling water jacket 42B
By contacting B, metal fine particles and the like are adsorbed.

Next, the process of carbonizing the workpiece 24 by the carbonizing device 10 will be described.

First, the upper cover 2 in the input port shielding device 20
0A is opened by the upper lid cylinder 20C, the shielding plate 20B is further opened by the shielding cylinder 20B, and the heating medium small pieces 22 and the material to be treated 24 are alternately layered in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Then, it is loaded into the processing tube 12.

The inlet blocking device 20 includes a bucket 30
Each time the target material 24 and the heat medium small piece 22 are supplied by A, the upper lid 20A and the shielding plate 20B are opened, and are closed except when they are charged.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, when the heat medium small pieces 22 are loaded in layers, the outer peripheral portion of the layer always contacts the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 34.

As described above, the heat medium small piece 22 and the workpiece 24
Of the burner 18A while loading the
After that, the combustion flame is introduced into the processing tube 12 through the flame induction pipe 18B.

The flame or the high-temperature combustion gas flows from the flame guide pipe 18B to the inner cylinder 32 through the communication port 36A.
Through the space 33 and the communication port 36B to reach the gap 40A. The flame or high-temperature combustion gas flows into the space 33 in the inner cylinder 32.
And when passing through the gap 40A between the outer cylinder 34 and the heat retaining cylinder 40,
The inner tube 32 is heated from the inside and the outer tube 34 is heated from the outside.

Thus, the heat medium small piece 22 in the annular space 35 is heated via the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 32 and the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 34.

At this time, since the heat medium small piece 22 is an iron ball, heat is quickly transmitted from the inner cylinder 32 and the outer cylinder 34 to reach a high temperature. Therefore, the material 2 to be treated is
4 is heated and also reaches the carbonization temperature in a short time, and carbonizes. Since the inside of the processing tube 12 (the inside of the annular space 35) is filled with the heat medium small pieces 22 and the material to be processed 24, and particularly, the drawer port 16 is in the plugged state (described later), air from the outside is Does not enter, and even if the material to be treated 24 is at or above the ignition point, it does not burn.

Therefore, oxygen compounds such as dioxin, carbon dioxide, SO _x and NO _x are hardly generated by oxidative combustion.

Even if the material to be treated 24 contains a heavy metal such as cadmium, the heavy metal is melted and adsorbed by the carbon generated by the carbonization treatment, and does not elute at room temperature.

The material to be treated 24 is 1/35 to
Reduce the volume to 1/200 and draw out port 1 at the lower end of processing tube 12
6 and through the through-hole 42A of the cooling device, after being cooled by the cooling water in the cooling water jacket 42B, it reaches the vibrating conveyor 44.

In this state, the heat medium small piece 22 and the carbonized workpiece 24 between the outlet 16 and the vibrating conveyor 44 are
Since the plug 16 is always in the plugged state in which the drawer 16 is closed, air can be prevented from entering through the drawer 16.

The combustion gas after heating the processing tube 12 is discharged outside from the chimney 40B.

The heating medium small piece 22 deposited between the outlet 16 and the vibrating conveyor 44 and the carbonized workpiece 24 are caused to vibrate the vibrating conveyor 44 by the vibrator 45A so that the lower end of the plug is gradually broken. As a result, the sheet is conveyed toward the end of the vibration conveyor 44 (to the right in FIG. 1), and is withdrawn from the drawer port 16 by the amount of the conveyed.

The heating medium small piece 22 dropped from the tip of the vibrating conveyor 44 and the carbonized workpiece 24 are attached to the separation nozzle 2.
Compressed air from 8A is blown, whereby the relatively light carbonized material 24 is blown away, and the heat medium small piece 22 composed of a heavy iron ball immediately falls into the hopper 28B from the tip of the vibrating conveyor 44, As a result, the heating medium piece 22 and the carbonized workpiece 24 are separated.

The carbonized material to be treated 24 is the carbide hopper 2
Collected and collected at 8C. The heat medium small piece 22 that has dropped into the hopper 28B is sent to the heat medium small piece hopper 46 by the screw conveyor 28E.

The heat medium small pieces 22 accumulated in the heat medium small piece hopper 46 are conveyed to the bucket 30A of the heat medium small piece collecting device 30 by conveying means (not shown) as necessary. The fixed amount of the heat medium small piece 22 is transported to the uppermost position of the lift 30B, from which the chute 30
It is thrown into the inlet 14 through C.

As described above, the bucket 30A alternately feeds the small heat medium pieces 22 and the workpieces 24 from the inlet 14.

The material 2 to be processed put into the processing cylinder 12
4 is, as described above, the inner cylinder 32,
Heated through the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 34 and the heat medium small pieces 22, the temperature rises as it descends, and the carbonization temperature is reached in the vicinity of the communication ports 36 A, 36 B, where it is carbonized, but the temperature gradually rises during the descent. Thus, various components adhering to or being contained in the material to be processed 24 are separated and rise in the processing tube 12.

When these gases, water vapor, dust and the like ascend inside the processing tube 12, they exchange heat with the material to be processed 24 and the small heat medium pieces 22 at the upper position inside the processing tube 12, and are cooled to some extent. After that, it reaches the combustible gas suction pipe 48.

Since the flammable gas suction pipe 48 communicates with the suction side of the flammable gas blower 18E, various gases in the processing tube 12 such as methane gas and C
O, H2, water vapor, carbon fine particles and the like are sucked into the combustible gas suction pipe 48.

The various gases sucked from the combustible gas suction pipe 48 are cooled and purified by water sprayed from above during the process of passing through the first scrubber 50A and the second scrubber 50B in the combustible gas purifier 50. .

Here, the purifying means the combustible gas suction pipe 4
8, water-soluble gas such as H
It means removing Cl or the like by contact with water. The gas purified by the combustible gas purifying device 50 is a combustible gas containing hydrocarbon gas, H2, CO, etc. as a main component, and is drawn into the combustible gas blower 18E to form a flame guide pipe. 18B, where it is caught in a flame generated by the burner 18A and burns.

In the carbonizing apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the layers of the large number of heating medium pieces 22 made of iron balls and the like and the layer of the material 24 to be processed are placed in the processing cylinder 12 arranged in the vertical direction. Since the materials 24 are alternately stacked and heated through the peripheral wall of the processing tube 12 to carbonize the material 24 to be processed, a transporting device for the material to be processed is not required, and the structure is simple and has few troubles.
Further, on the upper side of the processing tube 12, the heat medium small piece 22 and the material 24 supplied from the charging port 14 block the air, and on the side of the lower outlet 16 of the processing tube 12, the carbonized material 24 Since the heat medium small piece 22 functions as an embolus to prevent air from entering the processing tube 12, the material 24 to be processed can be surely carbonized in an oxygen-free state. For this reason, the efficiency of carbonization processing is high, and high-speed carbonization processing and continuous processing can be performed.

In the case of the carbonizing device 10, the inner cylinder 32
Has an inner diameter of 350 mm, an outer diameter of the outer cylinder 34 is 700 mm, an inner diameter of the heat retaining cylinder 40 is 1200 mm, a total height of the processing cylinder 12 is 2400 mm, and a portion protruding from the heat retaining cylinder 40 is 400 mm. As described above, in the case where the diameter of the outer cylinder is large, the material to be treated 24 in the central portion may not be sufficiently heated unless the outer cylinder is formed in the double cylinder shape.

For this reason, in the carbonizing device 10,
The processing cylinder 12 has a double cylinder shape including an inner cylinder 32 and an outer cylinder 34. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the case of a processing cylinder having a small diameter, the processing cylinder 12 does not necessarily need to have a double cylinder structure. There is no.

Further, in the example of the above embodiment, the heating medium
2 is formed of an iron ball, the present invention is not limited to this. The heat transmitted from the peripheral wall of the processing cylinder 12 can be transmitted to the material to be processed 24, and a certain high temperature ( Any material that can withstand about 400 ° C.) may be used. Therefore,
The material of the heat medium small piece 22 is steel, stainless steel,
Metals such as copper and brass, ceramics and the like may be used. or,
The shape is not limited to a spherical shape, but may be an elliptical spherical shape, a small rod shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a small plate shape, or the like. However, iron ball,
It is convenient for cost and handling, and has high wear resistance.

Although the carbonizing apparatus 10 has a double processing cylinder 12, the inner diameter of the processing cylinder can be increased by increasing a plurality of inner cylinders in one outer cylinder. It may be configured to be arranged.

Although the processing tube 12 is arranged in a substantially vertical direction, it may be slightly inclined.
In this case, it is easy to discharge the carbonized material and the heat medium small pieces from the outlet at the lower end of the processing cylinder.

Further, the carbonizing device 10 is provided with the outlet 16
A cooling device 42 is provided on the outlet side of the heating medium to cool the heat medium small piece 22 and the material 24 to be carbonized. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The material may be separated from the material to be processed 24 before cooling, and charged into the processing tube 12 from the charging port 14 while maintaining a certain high temperature. In this case, since the preheating of the heat medium small piece 22 can be used, the thermal efficiency of the carbonization process can be improved.

The separating device 28 is provided with a vibration conveyor 44.
However, the present invention is not limited to the vibration conveyor 44, and may be another unloading device.

In this case, it is necessary to provide a conveyor or the like so as not to hinder the plugging effect of the heat medium small piece 22 and the material 24 to be discharged from the outlet 16.

Further, the carbonizing device 10 includes a burner 18A.
Is used to heat the material to be processed 24,
If necessary, it may be heated by electric heat.

[0081]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the present invention has an excellent effect that an organic substance can be carbonized at high speed and continuously with a simple structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a carbonizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a combustible gas purifying device and a cooling water system in the carbonizing device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the carbonizing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Carbonization apparatus 12 ... Processing cylinder 14 ... Input port 16 ... Draw-out port 18 ... Heating apparatus 18A ... Burner 20 ... Input port shielding apparatus 22 ... Heat medium small piece 24 ... Material to be processed 26 ... Material input apparatus 28 ... Separation device Reference Signs List 30: Heat medium small particle collecting device 30A: Bucket 30B: Lift 32: Inner cylinder 34: Outer cylinder 36A, 36B: Communication port 38: Upper communication port 40: Heat retaining cylinder 40A: Gap 42: Cooling device 44: Vibration conveyor 48: Combustible Gas suction pipe

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. An object to be processed and a large number of heat-conductive small pieces having high heat conductivity are successively supplied in layers alternately in the vertical direction from an upper end thereof into a processing cylinder arranged substantially vertically. The material to be processed and the heat medium small pieces in the processing cylinder are heated from the outside to the carbonization temperature of the material to be processed through the at least lower peripheral wall of the processing cylinder while the air is shut off, and the heat medium small pieces and the carbonized material are heated. A method for carbonizing an organic material, wherein a processing material is drawn out from a lower end of a processing cylinder. 2. An organic substance according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium small piece drawn from the lower end of the processing cylinder is separated from the carbonized material to be processed, and is supplied into the processing cylinder from the upper end thereof. Carbonization method. 3. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the heating means is a combustion device, and a combustible gas generated inside the processing cylinder is recovered from an upper part of the processing cylinder, and a part of the fuel of the combustion device is recovered. Or a carbonization treatment method for an organic substance, wherein 4. The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium pieces are metal spheres. 5. It comprises a cylindrical body arranged substantially vertically,
A processing cylinder provided with an inlet at the upper end and a drawer outlet at the lower end, a heating device for heating the peripheral wall of the processing cylinder from the outside to the carbonizing temperature of the organic substance, and an inlet shield for opening and closing the inlet at the upper end of the processing cylinder The apparatus, and a large number of heat medium pieces that are made of a high heat conductive material, can be laminated in a substantially horizontal layer in the processing cylinder, and are layered, and can move downward in the processing cylinder, and the charging port is opened. When the heat medium small pieces and the material to be processed are supplied into the processing tube from the input port in a layered manner alternately in the vertical direction, the heat medium drawn out from the drawing port of the processing tube. An organic carbonization treatment apparatus comprising: a separation device for separating small pieces from a material to be processed; and a heat medium small piece recovery device for transporting the separated small pieces of heat medium to the material charging device. 6. A carbonization process for organic matter according to claim 5, wherein said heating device is a combustion device which burns fuel and heats an outer peripheral wall at least in the vicinity of a lower end of said processing cylinder with the combustion gas. apparatus. 7. The processing cylinder according to claim 5, wherein the processing cylinder has a double cylinder shape composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder inner space is provided at least at a position near the lower end through an outer space of the outer cylinder via a communication port. And the heat medium small pieces and the material to be processed, which are supplied from the input port, pass through the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and move toward the outlet port. Carbonization equipment. 8. The outer cylinder according to claim 7, wherein the inner cylinder inner space is traversed by an annular space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder at least at a position higher than half of the total height. An organic material carbonization treatment device having an upper communication port communicating with a space. 9. The heating device according to claim 7, wherein the heating device burns fuel and directs the combustion gas from the outside of the outer cylinder to the communication port at the position of the communication port of the outer cylinder in the processing cylinder. A carbonization treatment device for organic matter, characterized in that the combustion device is supplied as a combustion device. 10. The communication port according to claim 9, wherein the communication ports are arranged in a pair on a substantially horizontal straight line that intersects the inner cylinder and crosses an annular internal space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. An apparatus for carbonizing organic matter, wherein combustion gas is blown into the inner cylinder from outside the outer cylinder along the straight line. 11. The organic substance according to claim 6, 9 or 10, further comprising a fuel recovery device for recovering a combustible gas from an upper portion of the inner space of the processing cylinder and supplying the combustible gas to the combustion device as fuel. Carbonization equipment. 12. The method according to claim 5, wherein
An apparatus for carbonizing organic matter, further comprising a heat retaining cylinder surrounding the outside of the processing cylinder with a gap. 13. The method according to claim 5, wherein
A vibrating conveyer for disposing the separation device below the draw-out opening at the lower end of the processing cylinder, receiving the heat medium small particles discharged from the draw-out opening and the carbonized material to be processed, and carrying them out to the side; and A sorting device for sorting the carried-out heat medium pieces and the carbonized material to be treated, the device comprising: 14. The method according to claim 5, wherein
An organic carbonization apparatus, comprising: a cooling device that surrounds a lower portion of the outlet of the processing cylinder and that cools a heat medium piece discharged from the outlet and the carbonized material to be processed. 15. The method according to claim 5, wherein
An organic carbonization apparatus, wherein the heat medium pieces are metal spheres.