JPH11103704A - Creation of delphinium f1 strain - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for creating F1 strain of Delphinium, by which the F1 strain is stably mass-produced in high quality. SOLUTION: Mericlone seedlings are obtained by propagating tissue culture seedlings from both or one of a hybridizing parents when selecting two individuals having excellent characters from a self-propagation system of Delphinium as hybridizing parents, making an excellent hybridizing combination and creating excellent F1 race. F1 seeds are gathered by hybridizing the obtained mericlone seedlings in the method for creating the Delphinium F1 strain. When one of the parents is the race not weakened by self-propagation, the seedling can be raised from the seed thereof and hybridized with the other seedling obtained by tissue culture. In either case, the difference in characters as a cut flower, especially flowering time, length of the cut flower and color of a petal is reduced and high quality F1 seeds are stably mass-produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for producing a variety I, particularly to a method for stably producing a delphinium FI variety by tissue culture of a crossed parent.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Delphinium is a flower belonging to the genus Delphinium, and is a perennial or perennial plant in which more than 300 species grow naturally in the northern hemisphere temperate zone. It is a very gorgeous flower with flowers in the shape of a whole or a spike, and both production and consumption have increased in recent years. However, these flowers prefer a cool and dry climate and are vulnerable to the high temperature and humidity of summer in Japan. Therefore, they are treated as almost annuals except for high altitude and cool areas.

[0003] Delphinium is generally capable of self-breeding and cross-breeding, but repeated self-breeding tends to cause self-breeding weakness, shortening the height, decreasing the number of flowers, and reducing the seed germination rate and seedlings. The growth rate for mature plants is extremely low. So far, attempts have been made to breed and maintain varieties by crossing in populations having somewhat similar traits (Sadao Gunji "Forcing cultivation of delphinium, whose demand is growing as cut flowers", agriculture and horticulture [6] 131 ( 1989)),
(Tamito Ohira "Delphinium Varieties and Cut Flower Cultivation" New Flowers [143] 72 (1989)). It is also known that a selected individual having good traits is propagated by tissue culture and propagated (Toshiyuki Amaya et al., "Method of Mass Propagation from Delphinium Flowering Strain", Horizome Zakka 60, Supplement 1.p454 (1991)).

[0004]

However, according to the conventional breeding method, even if a good breeding combination is made, delphinium itself is likely to self-breed and it is difficult to maintain the breeding parent. It is not the current situation. In the tissue culture method, delphinium has a low growth rate in tissue culture, and it is expensive to provide tissue culture seedlings (hereinafter referred to as “mericlone seedlings”) themselves as commercial seedlings. Except for high-end varieties, it was not economically viable.
On the other hand, there was a limit to mass growth by strain division.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method for stably producing a high-quality Delphinium F1 variety.

[0006]

According to the method for producing a delphinium F1 cultivar of the present invention that has achieved the above object, at least one of two selected inbred strains of delphinium is grown by tissue culture, and And the other inbred line, or both mericlone seedlings, are crossed to obtain a delphinium F1 seed.

[0007] In the present invention, once a good selected individual is obtained as a mating parent, it is basically desirable to maintain and proliferate the parents of the mating parent by tissue culture. Use as a mating parent.
In rare cases, there are strains in which self-breeding is unlikely to occur even if the self-breeding is repeated to some extent. In such a case, it is possible to use a mericlone seedling in which only one of the mating parents is tissue-cultured. Delphinium has a low growth rate in tissue culture as described above,
It is not enough to make it a commercial seedling, but F
The number of mating parents for I variety breeding is sufficient. In addition, the use of Mericlone seedlings as the parent of the hybrids makes the parent of the hybrids genetically uniform, so that it is possible to obtain F1 varieties with good traits in comparison with the use of seedlings derived from genetically heterogeneous seedlings. .

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a process of producing a delphinium F1 variety of the present invention. The delphinium belonging to the genus Delphinium that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of variety. For example, giant Pacific strains include Astrat (peach, black bee), Blue Bird (bright blue, white bee), Blue Jay (blue, black bee), Kameriando (fujimura, white bee),
Cuine barre (red purple, white bee), gala hard (white, white bee), green expectation (light green),
King Arthur (dark red purple, white bee), Lancelot (fuji purple, white bee), Percival (white, black bee), Summer Sky (light blue, white bee), etc.
The Pacific type includes Blue Springs (brown, mixed color bee), Blue Fontin (brown, mixed color bee), Magic Fontin brown, mixed color bee
e), snow white (white, white bee), blue haven (dark blue, white bee) and the like. It seems that it can be applied to the belladonna hybrid system. The possibility of wide and similar application to the Ranunculaceae belonging to the genus Delphinium is high.

[0009] The tissue excision site for tissue culture of the different inbred lines A and B as described above is preferably the growth point of the main stem or lateral bud. The tissue culture method is, for example, a Murashige-Skoog medium (hereinafter, referred to as “MS medium”) (Verziladenine (hereinafter, referred to as “BA”) 0.1 to 10.0).
(mg / l) sucrose 0.1-10.0%, liquid or gellan gum about 0.2% added) containing about 1560 mg / l ammonium nitrate. As a medium for rooting, a modified MS medium (for example, gellan gum 0. 1) is used.
It is preferable to use ammonium nitrate containing about 1/10 the amount of the MS medium. The culture environment conditions include a temperature of about 10 to 25 ° C and an illuminance of about 500 to
It is preferably carried out in a constant temperature room under a light condition of 10,000 lux. When the temperature is 10 ° C. or lower, the growth rate is low, and when the temperature is 25 ° C. or higher, high-temperature damage is likely to occur. It takes about 30 to 60 days from rooting to potting. The growth rate of delphinium in tissue culture is usually low, but under the above-mentioned conditions, it is about 2.5 times (number of buds / number of test specimens) per month. If not, the number of mating parents for F1 breeding is sufficient.

The resulting mericlone seedlings are usually grown for about 120 days. The crossing is not specified because the flowering period of delphinium differs depending on the region.
One to two days before flowering (from about February to January), one bud of the parent line is incised, emasculated, and pollinated with the other pollen. After about three months, new F1 seeds can be sown. The obtained F1 seed is preferably stored in a refrigerator at about 2 to 4 ° C.

Cultivation is similar to that of commercially available seedling delphinium. For example, if sowed in early August in southern Kyushu, it can be planted in mid-October, and can be planted for about one week from late December to early January. Blooms all at once. There are no particular restrictions on cultivation conditions that differ from seedlings.

[0012]

Example: Production Process of Delphinium FI Varieties Dwarf Pacific Snow White (white, white bee) was used as parent line A of delphinium grown by self-breeding as a selected individual, and Giant Pacific Ginevar (purple) was used as parent line B. , White bee) were used.
Seedlings were used for parent line A because the degree of self-breeding was relatively light. The shoots from the stem of parent line B were excised under a microscope, and MS medium (1560 mg / l NH ₄ NO ₃ , BA
(0.1 mg / l, sucrose 3%, gellan gum 0.2% added) by tissue culture. Then, the roots were rooted with a modified MS medium (156 mg / l of NH ₄ NO _3, 3% of sucrose and 0.2% of gellan gum were added), and the roots were raised to obtain mericlone seedlings. The culture was performed in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C., 3,000 lux, and a photoperiod of 16 hours. The growth rate by tissue culture was 2.5 times / month from Equation 1 and Table 1. Subsequently, the parental line A was transplanted on October 16 and the parental line B was transplanted several days later, and grown at a minimum night temperature of 13 ° C. In the mating, the buds of the parental line A one to two days before flowering were cut and emasculated in January and pollinated with pollen of the flowering parental line B. The seeds were collected in March to obtain F1 seeds. Obtained F
One seed was stored in a refrigerator at 2 ° C. Cultivation of the acquired F1 varieties The F1 seeds kept refrigerated were sown on August 6. After sowing,
Until August 16, when germination was uniform, germination was promoted by controlling at a day temperature of 18 ° C and a night temperature of 15 ° C. Seedlings are kept in a rain-protected house with a shading rate of 50% in the daytime and in a night cooler at 15 ° C at night.
Planted on 0/16. After planting, the maximum temperature was controlled at 25 ° C and the minimum night temperature was controlled at 13 ° C. The number of strains was 34.

[0013]

(Equation 1)

[0014]

[Table 1]

[0015]

Comparative Example 1 King Arthur, a commercial variety, was sown, cultivated, and managed under the same conditions as the cultivation of the F1 variety obtained in the example. The number of strains was 40.

[0016]

Comparative Example 2 Astrat of a commercial variety was sowed, cultivated, and managed under the same conditions as the cultivation of the obtained F1 variety of the example.
The number of strains was 40.

[0017]

[Test 1] (Dispersion of flowering period) With respect to Example and Control Example 1, flowering strains were visually observed and investigated from mid and late December, from January 1 to 3, and from January 3 to From the number of flowering plants at the time of observation, the flowering rate was determined by Expression 2. Table 2 shows the results.

[0018]

(Equation 2)

[0019]

[Table 2]

As apparent from Table 2, at the time of the observation on January 3, King Arthur of Control Example 1 had 67.7% of unflowered lines. On the other hand, all the strains of the F1 varieties according to the present invention in the examples started flowering from December 28 and bloomed for six days from January 3 to January 3. In particular, during the four days from December 28 to the same month, 70.6% of the plants flowered,
The variation was found to be extremely small.

[0021]

[Test 2] (Distribution rate of cut flower trait and cut flower length) For Example and Control Example 1, the cut flower length as of January 3 was measured, the number of strains per 10 cm section of cut flower length was counted, and the distribution was calculated by Formula 3. It was calculated as a percentage. The results are shown in FIG.

[0022]

(Equation 3)

According to visual observation, the cut flower trait is
The F1 varieties of Example 1 are much better than the King Arthur of Control 1. As shown in FIG. 2, King Arthur was 25% in 70-80 cm,
While the variability was large at 25% for 0 to 90 cm and 35% for 90 to 100 cm, about half of the F1 varieties were between 110 and 120 cm. As shown in Table 1, King Arthur still has 67.7% of unflowered plants at the time of observation on January 3, and the cut flower length tends to be longer as the flowering time is later. It is estimated that the variation in the cut flower length is further increased.

[0024]

[Test 3] (Dispersion of petal color) For Example and Control Example 2, petals (B
ee) The variation in color was visually observed and investigated, and the variation in petal color was calculated as a percentage from Equation 4 based on the number of strains of each color. Table 3 shows the results.

[0025]

(Equation 4)

[0026]

[Table 3]

As is apparent from Table 3, the petals of the astrat of Control Example 2 were dispersed in black, brown, and white, whereas the F1 varieties of the Examples were all white.

[0028]

According to the present invention, the parents or one parent of the selected hybrids are tissue-cultured, and the obtained mericlone seedlings are used as hybrids, whereby the cut flower trait, flowering period,
High quality delphinium F1 varieties with petal color etc. can be supplied stably in large quantities for commercial use.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart showing a system for producing a delphinium FI variety of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing distribution rates of cut flower lengths of the F1 variety of the example and the King Arthur of Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of delphinium which has grown and flowered the F1 seed of the present invention.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Nakamura 2954 Ukida, Oaza, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture (72) Inventor Ryutaro Nagata 3272 Kubota, Otsukacho, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture 801 No. 801 Otsuka Sun Mansion (72) Inventor Sachiyo Hatanaka 614-16 Minamimata, Aya-cho, Higashi-Mori, Miyazaki Pref. (72) Inventor Kaoru Kaoru Nakamura 674-48, Kajiya, Nojiri-cho, Nishi-Mori, Miyazaki Pref.

Claims (1)

[Claims] At least one of two selected inbred strains of delphinium is propagated by tissue culture, and the obtained one mericlone seedling and the other inbred strain individual or both mericlone seedlings are crossed. And obtaining a delphinium F1 seed.
How to create varieties.