JPH11101949A - Illumination means, and illuminator and projection type display device using the same means - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily switch the cross-sectional shape and the size of illuminating luminous flux on a light receiving surface by selectively switching and arranging either of a pair of 1st and 2nd lens arrays on an optical path and switching an illumination range in a specified area. SOLUTION: An illuminator is mainly constituted of a lamp 101, a paraboloid 102, a UV-IR cut filter 103, 1st and 2nd lens arrays 104 and 105 and forms luminous flux illuminating a light receiving surface 108. For example, the 1st lens arrays 104 of three kinds are fixed at one fixed jig and arranged at a part of an illumination optical device. The fixed jig can be moved by a specified distance in the specified direction so as to select and insert the lens array 104 in a specified optical path in conformity with the cross-sectional shape of the luminous flux on the illuminated light receiving surface. In is good to constitute the 2nd lens arrays 105 of three kinds corresponding to the lens array 104 in the same manner. Thus, the 1st and the 2nd lens arrays 104 and 105 of three kinds are arranged at the same positions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a means for illuminating an optical image on a light valve to which various image signals are input, and a lighting device, and a large-screen image using the lighting device, the light valve and a projection lens. And a projection display device for projecting the image on a screen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a projection display device using various light valves has been known as a video device for a large screen. This is done by, for example, using a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal panel as a light valve, illuminating the light valve with a light source, forming an optical image on the light valve according to a video signal supplied from the outside, and using a projection lens to form an optical image. The image is enlarged and projected on a screen.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a basic configuration of a projection display apparatus using a transmission type liquid crystal panel. Lamp 901, concave mirror 902, UV-IR cut filter 90
3, a field lens 904, a liquid crystal panel 905, and a projection lens 906.

The white light emitted from the lamp 901 is condensed by the concave mirror 902 to become a light beam traveling along the optical axis 907, and illuminates the display area of the liquid crystal panel 905 via the field lens 904. The UV-IR cut filter 903 is used to remove unnecessary and harmful infrared light and ultraviolet light from the illumination light. The field lens 904 is used to effectively guide the light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 905 to the entrance pupil of the projection lens 906.

As the lamp 901, a metal halide lamp is widely used because of its excellent color reproducibility and luminous efficiency. In addition, a mercury lamp or a xenon lamp in which the internal pressure of the arc tube at the time of lighting is set to an extremely high pressure is used from the viewpoint that a luminous body having high luminance can be obtained.

[0006] Light emitted from the lamp is condensed mainly using a concave mirror having a large solid angle such as a parabolic mirror or an ellipsoidal mirror because the light condensing rate can be increased. Therefore, (FIG. 1
The lighting device combining the lamp and the concave mirror shown in 4),
It is common for this application. However, this illuminating device can increase the light collection rate, but has a disadvantage that illumination unevenness on the light receiving surface is large.

On the other hand, there has been proposed an illumination device in which an optical element called an integrator combining two lens arrays is added to improve the uniformity of illumination light (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-111806, JP-A-5-34
No. 6557).

[0008] On the other hand, such a projection display apparatus is not limited to ordinary NTSC TV signals, but also includes various computers,
It is required to connect to various video devices and present images according to video signals of various formats.

For example, if it is a signal from a computer, VGA (horizontal 640 dots.times.
Vertical 480 dots, aspect ratio 4: 3, hereinafter similarly described), SVGA (800 dots x 600 dots, 4:
3), XGA (1024 dots × 768 dots, 4:
3), SXGA (1280 dots x 1024 dots,
5: 4), the number of display pixels generally used widely,
The aspect ratio of the display screen (horizontal direction: vertical direction).

Similarly, in addition to NTSC (horizontal scanning lines: about 480, aspect ratio 4: 3), wide clear vision (horizontal scanning lines: about 480 lines) An aspect ratio of 16: 9) has been put to practical use. In addition, 720P (horizontal scanning lines: 720 lines, aspect ratio 16: 9, sequential scanning), 1080i (horizontal scanning lines: 1080 lines, aspect ratio) 16: 9, interlaced scanning), and some devices such as cameras and videos corresponding to these formats have been developed.

Conventionally, in a dot matrix type light valve represented by a liquid crystal, the number of pixels in a display area and an aspect ratio are determined, and the aspect ratio of a display image and the aspect ratio of the display image are determined in accordance with video signals of various formats as described above. It is difficult to freely change the number of display pixels. In addition, a high-definition video signal exceeding the number of pixels unique to the display region cannot faithfully display a precise video of the original signal.

In this case, a device called a scan converter (pixel number converter) is generally used to complement and increase the number of pixels (the number of scanning lines) of various input video signals.
Alternatively, a method of reducing the number of pixels by thinning, converting the image signals into video signals corresponding to the number of display pixels unique to the liquid crystal panel, and displaying the converted signals is used.

Alternatively, if the video signal has fewer pixels than the number of display pixels unique to the liquid crystal panel, one pixel of the original image and one pixel of the liquid crystal panel are used by utilizing a part of the display area.
In some cases, the display may be made to correspond to one-to-one. In this case, the displayed screen size is smaller than the effective display area of the liquid crystal panel.

[0014]

When displaying various video signals on a dot matrix type light valve via a scan converter, there is a problem that the circuit scale of the scan converter is relatively large and the cost is high. In addition, the conversion of the number of pixels in the video signal has a problem even when complementing and increasing the number of pixels, because the quality of the display image is deteriorated as compared with the case where no conversion is performed. Flickering of the displayed image, blurring of characters, an increase in noise components, and the like occur.
In particular, in the case of interlaced moving image signals, it is necessary to generate a complementary signal in consideration of the direction of the time axis, which leads to an increase in circuit scale and significant image degradation.

Therefore, a dot matrix type light valve having a sufficiently abundant number of pixels is used, and for a video signal having a pixel number less than the number of pixels unique to the light valve, one pixel of the original image and one pixel of the light valve are paired. It is preferable to display an image in association with it, since an image with little deterioration can be presented with a small circuit scale.

However, in this case, the screen size of the projected image to be viewed is reduced or the screen size is changed depending on the displayed video format. On the other hand, changing the projection magnification by changing the position of the projector body and the screen, or changing the zoom magnification by using the projection lens as a zoom lens, corrects the change in the size of the image on the light valve due to the video format,
Although a projected image of a certain size can be visually recognized, in this case, there is a problem that the projected image becomes dark.

For example, referring to the configuration shown in FIG. 14, since the illumination device is configured to illuminate the entire display area of the liquid crystal panel 905, it is possible to display an image using only a part of the display area. The light illuminating the other parts is not used, and the light use efficiency of the entire optical system is reduced. When the size of the projection screen is fixed, there is a problem in that the screen luminance obtained by using a part of the display area is lower than the screen luminance obtained by using the entire display area.

The decrease in the brightness of the projected image can be achieved by constructing a projection display device using a liquid crystal panel having a display area with an aspect ratio of 4: 3, and converting an image with an aspect ratio of 16: 9 into one of the display areas. There is also a problem when the information is displayed in the section. When the horizontal direction of the wide screen corresponds to the horizontal display direction of the liquid crystal panel, black bands where no image is displayed are formed at the upper and lower parts of the display area, and the light illuminating this part is a part of the projected image on the screen. Since it does not contribute to formation, it is a loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a projection type display device using a light valve is provided.
Illumination means that does not cause a significant decrease in the amount of light even when the size and aspect ratio of an image displayed on the light valve changes according to the format of the input signal, an illumination device using the means, and the illumination device An object of the present invention is to provide a projection type display device using the same, and to present a bright and high-quality projected image at low cost.

[0020]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an illuminating means according to the present invention comprises a light source, at least two types of first lens arrays having a plurality of first lenses arranged therein,
At least two types of second lens arrays in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged, and a unit for selectively arranging a pair of the first lens array and the second lens array in the optical path among the at least two types of lens arrays; Wherein the first lens array divides the light beam incident from the light source to form a plurality of partial light beams having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and each of the first lenses converges the partial light beam onto the corresponding aperture of the second lens. At least
Each of the second lenses substantially conjugates each of the apertures of the corresponding first lens with the specified area to be illuminated, and guides and illuminates the cross section of each partial light beam divided by the first lens array to the specified area in a superimposed manner. In addition, by selectively switching at least one of a pair of the first lens array and the second lens array and arranging them in the optical path, the illumination range in the specified region is switched.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an illumination device according to the present invention comprises a light source, at least two types of first lens arrays each having a plurality of first lenses arranged therein, and a plurality of second lenses arranged therein. At least two types of second lens arrays, and a pair of first lens arrays of at least two types of lens arrays.
Means for selectively arranging a lens array and a second lens array in an optical path, wherein the first lens array divides a light beam incident from a light source to form a plurality of partial light beams having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and Each of the lenses causes the partial light beam to converge on the corresponding second lens aperture, and each of the second lenses causes the respective aperture of the corresponding first lens to be substantially conjugated with the defined area illuminated by the first lens array. A cross section of each of the divided partial light fluxes is guided to a prescribed region in a superimposed manner to illuminate, and at least one of at least two types of a first lens array and a second lens array pair is selectively switched and arranged on an optical path. Thus, the illumination range in the specified area is switched.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a projection display apparatus according to the present invention comprises a light source, at least two types of first lens arrays in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged, and a plurality of second lens arrays.
At least two types of second lens arrays in which lenses are arranged, means for selectively arranging a pair of the first lens array and the second lens array among the at least two types of lens arrays in the optical path, and spatially A light valve that modulates light to form an optical image; and a projection lens that projects the optical image onto a screen. The first lens array divides a light beam incident from a light source and has a plurality of predetermined cross-sectional shapes. Each of the first lenses converges the partial light beam onto the corresponding second lens aperture while forming a partial light beam, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the corresponding first lens aperture with the display area of the light valve. In other words, the cross section of each partial light beam split by the first lens array is guided to the display area in a superimposed form to illuminate, and at least two types of the first lens array and the second lens array are provided. And switches the illumination range in the display area by arranging the optical path by switching any pair of selectively.

Preferably, there is provided means for automatically switching at least one of at least two types of the first lens array and the second lens array in accordance with the size and the aspect ratio of the optical image displayed on the light valve. It is good to have.

More preferably, the projection lens is a zoom lens, and the projection lens automatically selects an appropriate zoom magnification according to the size and the aspect ratio of the optical image displayed on the light valve, and determines the zoom magnification in advance. It is even better to project the optical image on the light valve at an appropriate magnification on a screen of the given size and aspect ratio.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another illuminating means of the present invention comprises a light source, a front lens group to which light emitted from the light source is incident, and a first lens to which light emitted from the front lens group is incident.
A lens group; and a second lens group on which light emitted from the first lens group is incident. The front lens group is configured to divide a light beam incident on the front lens group into a plurality of partial light beams. The first lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arrayed, and the second lens group includes a plurality of first lens arrays. A second lens array in which two lenses are arranged,
Each of the first lenses converges a partial light beam incident on the corresponding lens on the opening of the corresponding second lens, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the defined area to be illuminated with the corresponding opening of the first lens. At least, the cross-section of each partial light beam shaped into an arbitrary shape by the front lens group is guided to the specified region in a superimposed form for illumination.

Preferably, a means for selectively adding the front lens group to the optical path according to the shape of the defined area to be illuminated may be provided.

More preferably, the front lens group includes an input-side lens array in which a plurality of input-side lenses are arranged, and an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged. The array divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams and converges the partial light beam into a required light beam cross-sectional shape, and the output-side lens array is disposed near the shaped cross-section of the partial light beam and converts each of the partial light beams. It is preferable that the light is made to travel substantially parallel to be guided to the corresponding first lens.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an illumination device for selectively illuminating a predetermined area, comprising: a light source; and a front lens to which light emitted by the light source is incident. A first lens group to which light emitted from the front lens group is incident, and a second lens group to which light emitted from the first lens group is incident. The front lens group includes a plurality of input-side lenses. And an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged. The first lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged. , The second lens group includes a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged, and the input-side lens array divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams and converges the partial light beams into an arbitrary light beam cross-sectional shape. At least, the output lens array is Each of the partial light beams is disposed near the shaped cross section of the partial light beam, advances each of the partial light beams substantially in parallel, and is guided to the corresponding first lens. Each of the first lenses transmits the partial light beam onto the opening of the corresponding second lens. Each of the second lenses is made to converge, and each of the apertures of the corresponding first lens is made substantially conjugate with the defined area, and the cross section of each partial light beam shaped into an arbitrary shape by the front lens group is superimposed on the defined area. It is characterized by being guided in a form and illuminated.

Preferably, a means for selectively adding a head lens group prepared in advance according to the shape of a prescribed area to be illuminated may be provided.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a projection display apparatus comprising: a light source; a front lens group to which light emitted from the light source is incident; and a first lens to which light emitted from the front lens group is incident. A first lens group, a second lens group on which light emitted from the first lens group enters, a light valve for spatially modulating light to form an optical image, and a projection lens for projecting the optical image on a screen The front lens group includes an input-side lens array in which a plurality of input-side lenses are arranged, and an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged, and the first lens group includes a plurality of The first lens array includes a first lens array, the second lens group includes a second lens array including a plurality of second lenses, and the input lens array converts an incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams. Split and optional partial light beam The output side lens array is arranged in the vicinity of the shaped cross section of the partial luminous flux, guides each of the partial luminous fluxes substantially in parallel, guides them to the corresponding first lens, and sets each of the first lenses. Makes the partial light beam converge on the aperture of the corresponding second lens, and each of the second lenses makes each aperture of the corresponding first lens and the display area of the light valve substantially conjugate. The cross section of each partial light beam shaped into an arbitrary shape corresponding to the optical image displayed in (1) is guided and illuminated on a light valve in a superimposed form.

Preferably, a means for selectively adding a head lens group to an optical path according to an effective size and an aspect ratio of an optical image displayed on a light valve may be provided.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, still another projection type display device according to the present invention comprises a light source, a first lens group to which light emitted from the light source is incident, and a light to be emitted from the first lens group. A second lens group, a light valve that spatially modulates light to form an optical image, a projection lens that projects the optical image on a screen, and selectively inserted into an optical path between the light source and the first lens group. At least one front lens group,
Driving means for selectively disposing the front lens group in the optical path, and image signal discriminating means for discriminating the format of an image signal input to the light valve, wherein the front lens group includes a plurality of input-side lenses arranged therein An input-side lens array, and an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged. The first lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged. The lens group has a plurality of second
A second lens array in which lenses are arranged, the input-side lens array divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams, and converges the partial light beams into an arbitrary light beam cross-sectional shape;
The output-side lens array is arranged in the vicinity of the shaped cross section of the partial light beam, advances each of the partial light beams substantially in parallel, and guides them to the corresponding first lens, and each of the first lenses corresponds to the corresponding second lens. The partial beam is converged on the aperture, and the second
Each of the lenses makes the respective apertures of the corresponding first lens and the display area of the light valve substantially conjugate, and the image signal discriminating means detects the size and aspect ratio of the optical image displayed on the light valve and generates an appropriate control signal. To the driving means, and the driving means selectively inserts or does not insert an appropriate front lens group into the optical path according to the control signal, and applies an appropriate partial light beam cross section according to the optical image displayed on the light valve. Are guided on a light valve in a superimposed form for illumination.

Preferably, the projection lens is a zoom lens, and the projection lens automatically selects an appropriate zoom magnification in accordance with a control signal sent from the image signal discriminating means, so that a screen having a predetermined size and an aspect ratio is formed. An optical image on the light valve may be projected at an appropriate magnification.

[0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An illuminating means of the present invention and an illuminating device using the illuminating means have means for appropriately switching an illuminating area on a light receiving surface to at least two or more kinds of predetermined sizes and aspect ratios. Thus, only the necessary area can be selectively illuminated according to the size and aspect ratio of the image displayed on the light valve.

If a projection type display device is constructed using the above-mentioned illumination device, when an image signal of various formats is inputted, the illumination range is appropriately switched so that only the necessary area displayed on the light valve is changed. It can selectively illuminate and always present a bright projection image.

Even if the size of the image displayed on the light valve is reduced, if the decrease in brightness is small, one pixel of the original image and one pixel of the light valve are displayed without using a scan converter. Since it is possible to provide high quality images at low cost, there is a great advantage.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of a lighting device using the lighting means of the present invention and a projection display device using the lighting device will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) (FIG. 1) shows an embodiment of a basic configuration of a lighting device of the present invention. (Fig. 1)
The illumination device mainly comprises a lamp 101, a parabolic mirror 10
2. It comprises a UV-IR cut filter 103, a first lens array 104, and a second lens array 105, and forms a light beam that illuminates the light receiving surface 108.

The lamp 101 is a metal halide lamp, and a voltage is applied between opposing electrodes, and a luminous body 106 is formed by arc discharge. Most of the white light emitted by the light emitter 106 is condensed by the parabolic mirror 102, and a single light beam traveling substantially parallel along the optical axis 107 is formed.

The first lens array 104 is formed by arranging a plurality of first lenses 109 having a rectangular opening two-dimensionally. The second lens array 105 is configured by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of second lenses 110 having a rectangular opening. The first lens 109 and the second lens 110 are the same in number and form a pair with each other.

The configuration and operation of the two lens arrays will be described with reference to FIG. The first lens array 104 divides the incident light beam 111 into a plurality of partial light beams equal in number to the first lens 109. Each of the partial luminous fluxes after division is converted into a first lens 10
9 converges near the center of the opening of the corresponding second lens 110.

The second lens 110 makes the aperture of the corresponding first lens 109 and the light receiving surface 108 to be illuminated approximately conjugate. The second lens array 105 causes each aperture of the first lens 109 and the light receiving surface 108 to have a many-to-one conjugate relationship, so that each partial light beam split by the first lens array 104 is superimposed on the light receiving surface 108. Guided by form.

For this reason, each lens of the second lens 110 may be appropriately decentered. Alternatively, an auxiliary lens is provided near the emission side of the second lens
The optical axis of each partial light beam emitted from each of the lenses 110 is
It is preferable to guide the light to approximately one point near the center of gravity of the light receiving surface 108.

Using FIG. 3, a specific first lens 10 is used.
9A and the second lens 110A will be additionally described with respect to the above configuration. However, in order to facilitate the description, the configuration is such that an auxiliary lens 112 is added to the exit side of the second lens 110A.

The center of gravity 106A of the luminous body 106 is set to the parabolic mirror 1
02, the light radiated from the center of gravity 106A is reflected by the parabolic mirror 102 and
Proceed in parallel with 7. Some of these lights enter the first lens 109A and are converged near the center of the opening of the second lens 110A. Therefore, a real image 120 of the light emitting body 106 is formed on the opening of the second lens 110A.

The second lens 110A enlarges the incident light to a predetermined magnification. The auxiliary lens 112 superimposes the light emitted from each second lens on the light receiving surface 108. Specifically, the first lens 109A travels in parallel with the optical axis 107.
Of the light beam 121 passing through the center of the aperture of the light receiving surface 1
08 to the center of gravity 108A. Second lens 110A
Is combined with the auxiliary lens 112 to form the first lens 109A.
A real image of the object 122 near the opening is formed on the light receiving surface 108.

According to the above configuration, even if the incident light beam 111 has relatively large illumination unevenness, the light beam 111 is divided into a plurality of partial light beams having relatively little illumination unevenness, and these are split on the light receiving surface 108 by a predetermined amount. The illumination light is enlarged and superimposed on the illumination area, so that illumination light with less illumination unevenness and high uniformity can be formed. In addition, if the opening of each second lens 110 is sufficiently large with respect to the cross section of each partial light beam converged on the opening of the second lens 110, the light beam incident on the first lens array 104 is hardly lost. The light is guided onto the light receiving surface 108. Therefore, the illumination device shown in FIG. 1 has an advantage that it can form bright and uniform illumination light with high illumination efficiency and less illumination unevenness.

In the above configuration, the sectional shape of the illumination light beam on the light receiving surface 108 is determined by the opening shape of the first lens 109, and the size of the illumination area is determined by the magnification of the second lens 110.

Therefore, the lighting device of the present invention is based on the above-described configuration, and further has the following configuration. For example, the light receiving surface to be illuminated is a liquid crystal panel, and its display area is SX.
Compatible with GA format, 1280 dots in horizontal direction, 1024 dots in vertical direction, aspect ratio is 5: 4
And However, one pixel has a square shape.

In this case, an example of a relationship between a display area and a display image when signals of various formats are input is as follows.
(FIG. 4).

When an SXGA format signal is input, an image may be displayed using the entire effective area as shown in FIG. 4A. When a VGA format and an NTSC television signal equivalent thereto (each having an aspect ratio of 4: 3) are input, one pixel of the original image is doubled in the horizontal and horizontal directions to correspond to four pixels.
1280 dots x 960 dots (Fig. 4) (b)
Is displayed as shown. In this case, since one pixel is doubled both horizontally and vertically, the change in the number of pixels hardly causes remarkable image degradation.

When a signal of the XGA format is input, it is preferable to display as shown in (c) of FIG. 4 using 1024 dots × 768 dots (aspect ratio 4: 3) at the center of the display area. In this case, (FIG. 4) (b)
Similarly, the number of pixels of the display image can be converted to an image of 1280 dots × 960 dots and the image can be displayed using the entire display area as much as possible. Since the ratio is not an integer ratio, the converted image is likely to deteriorate, which is not preferable. A circuit configuration for converting the number of pixels becomes complicated, which requires a high cost, which is not preferable.

Further, when a wide image having an aspect ratio of 16: 9 is input and the number of horizontal scanning lines is 720, the horizontal direction of the display area is changed as shown in FIG. 1280 dots x 720 to fit the entire area
It can be displayed as a dot image.

In the present embodiment, as a signal of a format other than the above, for example, an image signal of SVGA (800 × 600 dots), a wide clear vision signal having 480 horizontal scanning lines, and a 1080 high vision signal are input. When the number of pixels is converted, the appropriate number of pixels are converted (Fig. 4).
It shall be displayed in any of the states (a) to (d).

In the four types of display states (FIG. 4), with respect to the light illuminating the entire display area, almost all of the illuminating light is applied to the display image in (a) and (b), so that light loss is small. . However, in (c), 60 of the entire display area is displayed.
No image is displayed because only the area of 40% is used.
Light illuminating the% portion is lost. Similarly, in (d), only about 70% of the entire display area is used.
0% of the light is lost.

The illuminating device of the present invention is characterized in that it has the following configuration in order to suppress these light losses.

Referring to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the lighting device of the present invention comprises (a), (b), (c),
(D) A pair of a first lens array 104 and a second lens array 105 is provided corresponding to the three image display states. An example of the configuration of the first lens array in this case is shown in FIG.

(FIG. 5) First lens array 1 shown in FIG.
04X is used to illuminate the entire display area in correspondence with (a) and (b) of (FIG. 4), and is configured by arranging 28 first lenses 109X having an aspect ratio of 5: 4. The second lens array combined therewith may be configured by similarly arranging lenses having the same aperture. Alternatively, a lens having an appropriate aperture shape may be combined in accordance with the real image of the light emitter formed on the second lens array.

(FIG. 5) First lens array 1 shown in FIG.
04Y corresponds to (c) in FIG.
The first lens 1 having an aspect ratio of 4: 3 is used when an image having a 4: 3 aspect ratio is displayed.
09Y are arranged in a row. The second lens combined with this is the same as described above.

(FIG. 5) Second lens array 1 shown in (c)
04Z is used in correspondence with (d) of FIG. 4 (particularly when an image having 720 horizontal scanning lines and a 16: 9 aspect ratio is displayed), and the first lens 109Z having an aspect ratio of 16: 9 is used. Are arranged in 44 pieces. The second lens combined with this is the same as described above.

More specifically, for example, the three types of first lens arrays shown in FIG. 5 are fixed to one fixing jig 131 as shown in FIG. 6, and the illumination shown in FIG. It is arranged in a part of the optical device. The fixing jig 131 is movable in a direction 132 described in FIG. 6 by a predetermined distance, and selects a lens array in accordance with the shape of the light beam cross section on the light receiving surface to be illuminated to form a predetermined optical path. insert. The corresponding three types of second lens arrays may be similarly configured.

Alternatively, the three types of lens arrays may be fixed to a fixing jig 133 as shown in FIG. 7 and arranged in a part of the illumination optical device. The fixing jig 133 has a structure that rotates by 120 degrees around the center of gravity 134 described in (FIG. 7), selects a lens array according to the shape of the cross section of the light beam to be illuminated, and inserts the lens array into a predetermined optical path. . The corresponding three types of second lens arrays may be similarly configured.

With respect to the configuration shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
The fixing jig 131 or 132 may be manually moved from the outside as needed. Preferably, each fixing jig includes an actuator, and switches to a predetermined lens array according to a switching signal supplied from the outside. The switching signal may be supplied by a user from outside using a switch or the like as necessary.

The three types of first lenses 10 shown in FIG.
9X, 109Y, and 109Z are determined in accordance with the ratio of the cross-sectional size of the light beam to be formed on the light receiving surface. That is, the aperture of the first lens is determined according to the ratio of the size of the display image indicated by oblique lines in (a), (c), and (d) of FIG. This is preferred for the reasons described below.

With reference to FIG. 1, the optical path length L1 between the first lens array 104 and the second lens array 105 and the optical path length L2 between the second lens array 105 and the light receiving surface 108 can be determined. The same optical path length can be obtained for the three types of lens arrays. Since the magnification of the illumination light beam cross section on the opening of the first lens 109 and the light receiving surface is determined by about L2 / L1, a predetermined illumination light beam cross section can be obtained by keeping this constant. Thereby, three types of first lens arrays 104
And the second lens array 105 can be arranged at the same position, which is convenient in providing a structure for switching each lens array.

The above-described configuration has been described with respect to the case where three types of lens arrays are provided to obtain three types of light beam cross sections of the illumination light. A configuration may be adopted in which the lens array is provided to switch between them.

(Embodiment 2) (FIG. 8) shows an embodiment of the configuration of the projection display apparatus of the present invention. The projection display device shown in FIG. 8 includes a lamp 101, a parabolic mirror 102,
The V-IR cut filter 103 includes three types of first lens arrays 104X, 104Y, 104Z, three types of second lens arrays 105X, 105Y, 105Z, a field lens 151, a liquid crystal panel 152, and a projection lens 153.

The illuminating device 156 is configured according to the above-described configuration described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 and illuminates an image formed on the display area of the liquid crystal panel 152 via the field lens 151. The image is enlarged and projected on a screen by the projection lens 153.

The liquid crystal panel has 1280 dots in the horizontal direction and 1024 dots in the vertical direction.
It has a display area corresponding to SXGA at the maximum, and receives and displays image signals in various formats as shown in FIG.

The movable jig 154 for fixing the three types of first lens arrays and the movable jig 155 for fixing the three types of second lens arrays are both movable in the directions 157 and 158 by a predetermined distance, and are necessary. The lens array arranged on the optical path is switched accordingly.

Each lens array may be switched by manually moving the jigs 154 and 155 from the outside according to image data to be displayed. Or, jigs 154 and 155
It is more preferable that the device has an actuator and automatically switches according to an electric signal supplied from the outside. Furthermore,
It is more preferable to automatically determine the format of the image signal displayed on the liquid crystal panel 152 and automatically switch the lens array according to the size and aspect ratio of the displayed image.

It is more preferable that the projection lens 153 be a zoom lens and that a means for automatically switching the zoom magnification in conjunction with the above operation be provided. If the zoom magnification is automatically changed in accordance with the switching between the size of the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 152 and the size of the cross section of the light beam illuminating the same, the screen size always changes on the screen. It is possible to view a projection image that is not present or a projection image having a screen size appropriate for the size of a screen that has been installed in advance.

Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 8, the structure in which three types of lens arrays are fixed and switched may be the configuration shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the configuration of a projection display device using one transmissive liquid crystal panel. However, if a similar illumination device is used, various projections using a light valve can be performed. Applicable to type display devices. The present invention can also be applied to a three-panel type liquid crystal projector using a monochrome liquid crystal panel corresponding to the three primary colors. The present invention can be applied to a configuration using a reflective liquid crystal panel. In addition, if it is a dot matrix type light valve, a similar illuminating device can be configured and the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3) (FIG. 9) shows an embodiment of still another configuration of the lighting device of the present invention. this is,
A front lens group 181 is provided on the optical path between the parabolic mirror 102 and the first lens array 104 having the configuration shown in FIG. In the illumination device of the present embodiment, the first lens array 104 and the second lens array 105 are fixedly arranged with only one lens array that illuminates the entire predetermined illumination area, and the front lens group 181 is connected to the optical path. By arranging or not arranging the illuminating beam on the light receiving surface 108 and selectively arranging them on the optical path, the cross-sectional shape and size of the illumination light beam on the light receiving surface 108 are switched. . Thereby, (Embodiment 1)
The same operations and effects as those of the lighting device of the present invention described in the above are obtained.

In this case, at least the first lens array 1
The first lens group includes a lens group including the lens group 04, and the second lens group includes a lens group including at least the second lens array 105.
In the operation described with reference to FIG. 2, the functions described in the first lens array 104 are described as a first lens group, and the functions described in the second lens array 105 are described as a second lens group. Equivalently performing the same effect,
In particular, the present invention is not limited to the configuration including the two lens arrays described above.

The front lens group 181 acts on the light beam condensed from the parabolic mirror, splits the light beam into the same number of partial light beams as the first lens 109, and sets the cross section of each partial light beam to a predetermined aspect ratio and size. What is necessary is just to have the effect | action which shapes it to the cross-sectional shape. Thereby, the first lens 10 conjugate with the light receiving surface 108
Since the cross section of the incident partial light beam is shaped into a predetermined shape and size on the opening surface of No. 9, an illumination light beam having a predetermined cross-sectional shape and size can be obtained also on the light receiving surface.

Using (FIG. 10), the front lens group 181 is used.
An example of a specific configuration will be described. For example, an input-side lens array 191 is provided on both sides of a transparent substrate having a predetermined thickness.
And the output side lens array 192 is formed.
(FIG. 10) shows a lens array 19 for easy viewing.
Since 1 and 192 are written apart for the sake of convenience, the distance between the two lens arrays does not necessarily reflect the actual relationship.

The input-side lens array 191 is configured by arranging the input-side lenses 193 in the same manner as the first lens array 104. Each of the input-side lenses 193 is a positive-power convex lens having the same aperture as the first lens 109. Thereby, the incident light beam can be divided into a plurality of partial light beams corresponding to the first lens array 104.

The output-side lens array 192 has output-side lenses 194 arranged at the same pitch as the first lens array 104. Each of the output side lenses 194 is a negative power concave lens.

In the above configuration, the curved shape of the input-side lens 193 and the optical path length G between the two lens arrays are determined based on the sectional shape and size of the partial light beam to be shaped. When the input side lens 193 is reduced in proportion to the aperture thereof, the input side lens 193 is formed into a curved surface that is rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis.
In order to change the aspect ratio of the light beam cross section with respect to the aperture, a cylindrical surface shape or an anamorphic surface shape may be used. In any case, the output-side lens array 192 is arranged near a position converged on a predetermined light beam cross section.

The shape of the curved surface of the output side lens 194 is determined so that the partial light beam converged by the output side lens 193 becomes a light beam that travels approximately parallel to the optical axis. A concave shape such as a rotationally symmetric surface, a cylindrical surface, or an anamorphic surface may be used depending on the curved surface shape of the input-side lens.

According to the above configuration, one input side lens 1
The partial light beam 196 incident on the front lens group 93 becomes a partial light beam 197 having a cross-sectional shape shaped into a predetermined shape.
Emitted from 81. If the curved surface shape and the surface interval of each lens are properly selected, the partial light beam 197 becomes light traveling substantially parallel to the optical axis 171 and enters the corresponding opening central portion of the first lens 109.

Accordingly, a plurality of lens array plates constituting the front lens group shown in FIG. 10 are prepared as necessary, and one of the lens array plates is selectively inserted into the optical path, or By switching the state of not inserting, the cross-sectional shape and size of the illumination light beam on the light receiving surface can be appropriately switched.

(FIG. 11) shows a case where the above-described configuration is changed to a specific input side lens 193A and output side lens 194 in the same manner as (FIG. 3).
3A is a diagram illustrating a first lens 109A, a second lens 110A, and an auxiliary lens 112. FIG. First lens 1
The configuration from 09A to the light receiving surface 108 is the same as that shown in FIG. By inserting the positive power input lens 193A and the negative power output lens 194A between the parabolic mirror 102 and the input lens 109A, the cross-sectional shape of the illumination light beam on the light receiving surface 108 can be appropriately controlled. .

In this case, the real image 120 of the light emitting body 106 is formed near the opening of the second lens 110A,
Forming a real image of the object 122 near the opening of the lens 109A on the light receiving surface 108 is the same as in FIG.

In FIG. 11, the first lens 194A
The smaller the cross section of the partial light beam incident on the second lens 110A, the larger the real image 120 of the light emitter on the second lens 110A. When the real image 120 becomes large and protrudes from the opening of the second lens, light loss increases. Therefore, it is preferable to configure the entire optical system by giving a margin to the size of the opening of the second lens 110 in advance. However, even if some loss occurs in this portion, the effect of realizing brighter illumination in accordance with the size of the area to be illuminated on the light receiving surface 108 can be sufficiently obtained.

If the front lens group is composed of two lens arrays as shown in FIG. 10 and each lens array is formed on both sides of one transparent substrate, the number of parts can be reduced and the optical interface can be reduced. Since only a small amount of light is required, there is an advantage that light loss at the optical interface can be reduced and the configuration can be made at lower cost.

(Embodiment 4) (FIG. 12) shows another embodiment of the configuration of the projection display apparatus of the present invention. The projection display device shown in FIG. 12 includes a lamp 101, a parabolic mirror 102, a UV-IR cut filter 103, two types of front lens groups 181X and 181Y, a first lens array 104, and a second lens array. 105, field lens 1
51, a liquid crystal panel 152, and a projection lens 153.

The lighting device 201 is shown in FIG. 9 to FIG.
Illuminates an image formed on the display area of the liquid crystal panel 152 via the field lens 151, and enlarges and projects the image on the screen by the projection lens 153.

The configuration excluding the illumination device is the same as that of the projection display device of the present invention (Embodiment 1) described using (FIG. 8), and the image signals of various formats shown in (FIG. 4). Is entered and displayed.

The movable jig 202 for fixing the two types of front lens groups is movable by a predetermined distance in the direction 203, and the front lens group 181X in which the front lens groups are not arranged on the optical path as necessary. One of three types of arrangement, that is, arrangement of the front lens group 181Y is selected.

The above state may be switched by manually moving the jig 202 from outside according to the image data to be displayed. Alternatively, it is more preferable that the jig 202 includes an actuator and automatically switches according to an electric signal supplied from the outside.

When the front lens group is not disposed, the first lens array 104 and the second lens array 105 are configured to illuminate the entire display area of the liquid crystal panel 152.
Therefore, when an SXGA format signal is input, or when a VGA and NTSC signal is input (FIG. 4)
In the display state of (b), the front lens group is selected so as not to be arranged.

On the other hand, when the signal of the XGA format is input (FIG. 4) and the display state is (c), an appropriately configured front lens group 181X is arranged in the optical path. The front lens group 181X divides the light beam into the same number as that of the first lens to shape the light beam cross section, and irradiates the display area of the liquid crystal panel 152 with an illumination light beam that is reduced according to the displayed image area. You. As a result, even if the image on the liquid crystal panel becomes smaller, light is supplied only to the image display area, so that a projected image with less decrease in brightness by suppressing light loss is presented on the screen.

For example, when a wide image of 720 horizontal scanning lines and a 16: 9 aspect is displayed, or a wide image of another format of 480 horizontal lines or 1080 horizontal lines is converted into a different number of pixels. Also (Fig. 4)
In the case of the display state of (d), the front lens group 181Y appropriately configured for this purpose is arranged in the optical path, and a light beam that illuminates only a necessary area is formed in a similar procedure. Thereby, an image with a small decrease in brightness is presented.

(Embodiment 5) (FIG. 13) shows still another embodiment of the configuration of the projection display apparatus of the present invention.

The projection type display device shown in FIG.
An image signal discriminating circuit 251 and a driving device 252 for moving the movable jig 202 of the head lens group are added to the configuration of the projection display device shown in FIG. 12 of the fourth embodiment. . In addition, an electric zoom lens is used as the projection lens 153.

The projection lens 153 has, for example, a diagonal length of 10
When an image is projected on a screen having a 16: 9 aspect ratio at 0 inches, a wide aspect screen is displayed when an image having an aspect ratio of 5: 4 or 4: 3 is displayed on the entire liquid crystal panel 152 or a part thereof. The zoom magnification is selected so that the effective length in the vertical direction of the projected image and the effective length in the vertical direction of the screen effective area coincide with each other at the center of the image. When an image having a 16: 9 aspect is displayed, its zoom magnification is selected so that the effective length in the horizontal direction of the projected image and the effective length in the horizontal direction of the effective area of the screen coincide with each other over the entire screen. .

In FIG. 13, the image signal discriminating circuit 2
Reference numeral 51 denotes the format of the input image signal. For example, the display state on the liquid crystal panel 152 is as shown in FIG.
(A) to (d), and sends an appropriate control signal to the driving device 252. Drive unit 252
Receives the control signal and selects either the state of not inserting the head lens group 181 into the optical path, the state of inserting the head lens group 181X, or the state of inserting 181Y.

The image signal discriminating circuit 251 similarly sends a control signal to the projection lens 153 of the electric zoom, and the projection lens 153 selects an appropriate zoom magnification according to the size and aspect ratio of the displayed image. Automatically corrects the size of the projected image.

According to the above configuration, even if the size and the aspect ratio of the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 152 change due to the operation of the lighting device of the present invention, the decrease in brightness on the screen is automatically suppressed. At the same time, in this case, a cumbersome operation is not always required, and a projection image of an appropriate size can be viewed on the screen, so that there is a great effect.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show an example of the configuration of a projection display device using one transmissive liquid crystal panel, but the effects of the present invention are particularly limited to the above configuration. Not done. If a similar lighting device is used, it can be applied to various projection display devices using a light valve. With a dot matrix type light valve, a similar illuminating device and projection type display device can be configured, and the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

[0104]

The illumination means or illumination device of the present invention can easily switch the cross-sectional shape and size of the illumination light beam on the light receiving surface to at least two or more predetermined types. At this time, even if the illumination light beam is switched, the amount of the light beam passing through the predetermined light receiving surface does not change so much regardless of the size of the illumination area.

Therefore, if a projection type display is constructed using the illumination means or illumination device of the present invention, even if images having different display sizes and aspect ratios are displayed on the light valve, the illumination light flux is switched to be effective. Only the display area of the image can be selectively illuminated. Even when the size of the image displayed on the light valve is small, the amount of light does not decrease so much as compared with the case where the image is displayed over the entire area of the light valve, so that a bright projected image can always be presented.

For at least several types of image formats displayed in the projection display device, one pixel of the original image is always displayed in correspondence with one pixel of the light valve, and only the effective image display area at this time is selectively displayed. By supplying an illuminating luminous flux to illuminate, there is little deterioration in image quality, no fluctuation in brightness, and a bright, high-quality image is always displayed on the screen without the need for an expensive and large-scale scan converter. Since it can be presented, an extremely large effect is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display state of a liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a first lens array.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a first lens array and a fixing jig.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of another configuration of the first lens array and the fixing jig.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a projection display device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a front lens group.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the projection display apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the projection display apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a conventional projection display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 101 Lamp 102 Parabolic mirror 103 UV-IR cut filter 104, 104X, 104Y, 104Z First lens array 105, 105X, 105Y, 105Z Second lens array 106 Light emitting body 108 Light receiving surface 109, 109X, 109Y, 109Z First Lens 110 Second lens 151 Field lens 152 Liquid crystal panel 153 Projection lens 154, 155, 202 Fixing jig 181 Prefix lens group 191 Input side lens array 192 Output side lens array 193 Input side lens 194 Output side lens 251 Video signal discrimination circuit 252 drive

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. An illuminating means for selectively illuminating a predetermined area, comprising: a light source; at least two types of first lens arrays in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged; and a plurality of second lenses. At least two types of second lens arrays, and means for selectively arranging a pair of the first lens array and the second lens array of the at least two types of lens arrays in an optical path. The first lens array divides a light beam incident from the light source to form a plurality of partial light beams having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and each of the first lenses is placed on an opening of a corresponding second lens. Each of the second lenses converges a light beam, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the defined area to be illuminated with each of the apertures of the corresponding first lens. Each of the partial light beams divided by the first lens array Is illuminated by guiding the cross section of the first lens array to the specified area in a superimposed form, and any one of the at least two types of the first lens array and the second lens array is selectively switched by the means and arranged in the optical path. Lighting means for switching an illumination range in the prescribed area by means of: 2. An illumination device for selectively illuminating a predetermined area, comprising: a light source; at least two types of first lens arrays in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged; and a plurality of second lenses. At least two types of second lens arrays, and means for selectively arranging a pair of the first lens array and the second lens array of the at least two types of lens arrays in an optical path. The first lens array divides a light beam incident from the light source to form a plurality of partial light beams having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and each of the first lenses is placed on an opening of a corresponding second lens. Each of the second lenses converges a light beam, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the defined area to be illuminated with each of the apertures of the corresponding first lens. Each of the partial light beams divided by the first lens array Is illuminated by guiding the cross section of the first lens array to the specified area in a superimposed form, and any one of the at least two types of the first lens array and the second lens array is selectively switched by the means and arranged in the optical path. A lighting device characterized in that the lighting range in the specified area is switched by the following. 3. A light source, at least two types of first lens arrays in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged, and a plurality of second lens arrays.
At least two types of second lens arrays in which lenses are arranged; and one of the at least two types of lens arrays.
Means for selectively arranging the pair of the first lens array and the second lens array in an optical path, a light valve for spatially modulating light to form an optical image, and projecting the optical image on a screen A projection lens, wherein the first lens array divides a light beam incident from the light source to form a plurality of partial light beams having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and
Each of the lenses causes the partial light beam to converge on the corresponding aperture of the second lens, and each of the second lenses causes the corresponding aperture of the first lens and the display area of the light valve to be substantially conjugated; The cross section of each partial light beam divided by the first lens array is guided to the display area in a superimposed form to illuminate, and at least one of the at least two types of the first lens array and the second lens array is used as the light source. A projection display device, wherein the illumination range in the display area is switched by selectively switching and arranging in an optical path by means. 4. A means for automatically switching at least one of a pair of a first lens array and a second lens array in accordance with the size and aspect ratio of an optical image displayed on a light valve. 4. The projection display device according to claim 3, wherein: 5. The projection lens is a zoom lens, and the projection lens automatically selects an appropriate zoom magnification in accordance with a size and an aspect ratio of an optical image displayed on a light valve, and sets a predetermined zoom magnification. 4. The projection display device according to claim 3, wherein an optical image on the light valve is projected at an appropriate magnification on a screen having a different size and aspect ratio. 6. An illuminating means for selectively illuminating a predetermined area, comprising: a light source; a head lens group to which light emitted by the light source enters; and a light emitted from the head lens group. An incident first lens group; and a second lens group to which light emitted from the first lens group is incident. The front lens group converts the light beam incident on the front lens group into a plurality of partial light beams. A light beam shaping means for shaping the cross section of each of the divided light beams into an arbitrary shape;
The lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged, the second lens group includes a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged, and each of the first lenses is The partial light beam incident on the corresponding lens is converged on a corresponding aperture of the second lens, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the defined area illuminated with the corresponding aperture of the first lens. And an illumination unit for illuminating a cross section of each of the partial luminous fluxes shaped into an arbitrary shape by the front lens group in a superimposed manner to the specified area. 7. The illuminating means according to claim 6, further comprising means for selectively adding a front lens group to an optical path according to the shape of a prescribed area to be illuminated. 8. The front lens group includes an input-side lens array in which a plurality of input-side lenses are arranged, and an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged. Divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams and causes the partial light beams to converge to a required light beam cross-sectional shape, and the output-side lens array is arranged near the shaped cross-section of the partial light beam and each of the partial light beams 7. The illuminating means according to claim 6, wherein the light is made to travel substantially in parallel and guided to a corresponding first lens. 9. An illuminating device for selectively illuminating a predetermined area, comprising: a light source; a head lens group to which light emitted by the light source enters; and a light emitted from the head lens group. A first lens group to which light enters, and a second lens group to which light emitted from the first lens group enters. The front lens group includes an input-side lens array in which a plurality of input-side lenses are arranged. An output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged, the first lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged, and the second lens group includes a plurality of output-side lenses. A second lens array in which a second lens is arranged, wherein the input-side lens array divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams, and converges the partial light beams into an arbitrary light beam cross-sectional shape; Is the partial luminous flux Each of the partial luminous fluxes arranged near the shaped cross-section is made to travel substantially in parallel and guided to the corresponding first lens, and each of the first lenses is placed on the aperture of the corresponding second lens. And each of the second lenses causes each of the apertures of the corresponding first lens to be illuminated and the specified area to be illuminated substantially conjugate, and the cross section of each partial light beam shaped into an arbitrary shape by the front lens group The illumination device is adapted to guide and illuminate the specified region in a superimposed form. 10. The lighting device according to claim 9, further comprising means for selectively adding a head lens group prepared in advance according to the shape of a specified area to be illuminated. 11. A light source, a front lens group to which light emitted from the light source is incident, a first lens group to which light emitted from the front lens group is incident, and light to be emitted from the first lens group A second lens group into which the light enters, a light valve that spatially modulates light to form an optical image, and a projection lens that projects the optical image onto a screen. An input-side lens array in which input-side lenses are arranged, and an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged, wherein the first lens group includes a plurality of first lenses.
A first lens array in which lenses are arranged; the second lens group includes a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged; and the input-side lens array converts an incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams. Splitting and converging the partial light beam into an arbitrary light beam cross-sectional shape, and the output-side lens array is disposed near the shaped cross section of the partial light beam so as to make each of the partial light beams travel substantially parallel to correspond. Guiding the first lens, each of the first lenses converging the partial beam onto a corresponding aperture of the second lens, each of the second lenses being associated with a corresponding aperture of the first lens and the light; The display area of the bulb is made substantially conjugate, and the cross section of each partial light beam shaped into an arbitrary shape according to the optical image displayed on the light valve by the head lens group is formed on the light valve. Projection display apparatus characterized by illuminating guided in overlapping form. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising means for selectively adding a front lens group to an optical path according to an effective size and an aspect ratio of an optical image displayed on a light valve. Projection display device. 13. A light source, a first lens group to which light emitted from the light source is incident, a second lens group to which light emitted from the first lens group is incident, and optically modulating light spatially. A light valve for forming an image, a projection lens for projecting the optical image on a screen, at least one front lens group selectively inserted in an optical path between the light source and the first lens group, A drive unit for selectively arranging a head lens group in the optical path; and an image signal determination unit for determining a format of an image signal input to the light valve, wherein the head lens group includes a plurality of input side lenses. And an output-side lens array in which a plurality of output-side lenses are arranged. The first lens group includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged. Comprising, The two-lens group includes a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged. The input-side lens array divides the incident light beam into a plurality of partial light beams and converges the partial light beams into an arbitrary light beam cross-sectional shape. The output-side lens array is disposed near the shaped cross section of the partial light beam, and advances each of the partial light beams substantially in parallel to the corresponding first lens, and each of the first lenses The partial light beam converges on the opening of the second lens, and each of the second lenses substantially conjugates the corresponding opening of the first lens with the display area of the light valve. Detects the size and aspect ratio of the optical image displayed on the light valve and sends an appropriate control signal to the drive means, and the drive means responds to the control signal to The lens group is selectively inserted or not inserted into the optical path, and an appropriate cross section of the partial light flux is guided and illuminated on the light valve in an overlapping manner according to the optical image displayed on the light valve. Projection type display device. 14. The projection lens is a zoom lens, and the projection lens automatically selects an appropriate zoom magnification in response to a control signal sent from an image signal discriminating means, so that a screen having a predetermined size and an aspect ratio is formed. 14. The projection display device according to claim 13, wherein an optical image on the light valve is projected at an appropriate magnification.