JPH1088742A - Roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the working efficiency by interposing a backup material between a roofing tile main body composed of a metallic plate material and a roof backing, and reducing a void by making this backup material almost equal to an under surface shape of the roofing tile main body. SOLUTION: A rising part 8 is arranged in an upper end part of a roofing tile 6 laid on the lower side, and a lower end part is folded back to the reverse side, and an almost U-shaped part 9 is formed. It is extended almost in parallel to a sheathing roof board 21 at the apex of the rising part 8 of the roofing tile 6 laid on the lower side, and a suspending piece 11 is arranged in a recessed part arranged on this extended surface, and is fixed to a sash bar 16 by a nail 4. Next, a backup material 16 composed of a self-digestive molded foaming body is interposed between the roofing tile 6 and the sheathing roof board 21, and an upper surface of this backup material 16 is formed in the same waveform as an under surface shape of the roofing tile 6, and a void is reduced. In a roof structure to be used to melt snow, an electric sheet-like heating element is arranged between the roofing tile 6 and the backup material 16. Therefore, a sound insulating-heat insulating effect is enhanced, and a snow melting effect can also be extremely enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof structure,
In particular, the present invention relates to a roof structure excellent in weather resistance, habitability and workability, and a snow melting type roof structure in a heavy snowfall area.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, roofing materials such as clay, concrete, and slate, as well as those made of various types of surface-treated steel and aluminum, exhibit excellent functions of waterproofing, fire prevention, and earthquake resistance. It has been attracting attention as a roofing material from the perspective of its popularity, and is becoming popular.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-258449, as shown in a vertical sectional view of FIG. 9 and a perspective view of FIG. 10, when the rain water 38 blows up along the slope of the roof due to the influence of strong wind, the rain water There are disclosures that attempt to prevent the flow from concentrating in the gaps between the roof tile joints. That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the upper edge forming portion 33 that is folded back to the front side along the upper edge of the exterior plate 32 as a roof tile is formed, and the lower edge side is formed along the lower edge of the exterior plate 32. Forming a lower edge forming portion 34 to be folded back, and laying the exterior plate 32 side-by-side while engaging and joining the adjacent upper and lower edge forming portions 33 and 34 on the foundation 31 of the building exterior. In the exterior structure, the joint 3 between the exterior plates 32
6, a step 35 rising from the surface of the exterior plate 32 is formed along the lower side. In addition, each exterior plate 32 that is sequentially roofed on the base 31 is joined to each other by engaging the upper edge forming portion 33 and the lower edge forming portion 34 that are adjacent to each other in the upper stage and the lower stage. . Therefore, the rainwater 38 flowing backward on the roof surface jumps over the gap 37 of the joint 36 due to the presence of the step 35 and flows. As a result, a space a that does not reach the flow is created behind the stepped portion 35, and the gap 37 serving as an inlet for flooding is located in the space a, and the phenomenon that the backflow of the rainwater 38 directly hits is avoided. As a result, it is described that infiltration from the gap 37 of the joint portion 36 is effectively prevented. In FIG. 9, 31a is a plywood, and 31b is a base sheet.

On the other hand, in heavy snowfall areas, in order to prevent houses from collapsing due to the weight of snow on the roof in winter, manual snow-removing work has been carried out. Is hard work and dangerous. Therefore, a snow melting device is provided on the roof. Conventionally applied snowmelting methods include pumping groundwater and flowing it from the roof ridge to melt the snow, arranging hot water pipes on the roof to melt the snow, and heating the heating element on the back of the roof tile. It is known how to install it. However, in recent years, land subsidence due to the use of groundwater has become a problem, and the digging of new wells has been regulated. In addition, the method of sliding down a part of the snow on the roof requires removing the fallen snow again when the fall location is on a road or in the residence of a neighboring house, which is troublesome and heavy labor.

[0005] Therefore, the snow on the roof is melted uniformly,
Moreover, by maintaining a constant snow depth even during snowfall, for example, a depth of 30 cm without falling down, the indoor heat insulation is improved, and a heavy-weight tile-like snow melting device or roof structure is obtained. There is a craving.

[0006] Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 4-30618 discloses FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, an aluminum alloy roof tile body 41 formed into a plate shape by casting and laid on a base plate 43 via a heat insulating material 44 made of, for example, glass fiber, and the roof tile body 41 There is disclosed a snow-melting roof tile 40 provided with a heating element 42 provided. This snow-melting roof tile 40 has a higher strength than general roof tiles made of clay-fired products, and cracks are eliminated, whereby the roof tile body 41
It is possible to greatly increase the tile area per sheet compared to ordinary tiles, so that the number of times of transportation on the roof is significantly reduced, so that the physical pain of the roofing work is alleviated, and the roofing work Is performed in a short time, and the thermal conductivity to the roof tile 41 body is improved, so that the snow melting effect can be improved.

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 63-119716, as shown in FIG. 12, a part of the back side of the roof tile 25 is dented with a uniform thickness, and the dented part (dent 26) is formed.
An electric sheet heating element 27 is adhered to the roof tile, and a heat-insulating material 29 is attached to the roof tile 25 to form an integrated heat-melting tile for snow melting.
There is a disclosure of a snow melting apparatus that heats the whole and integrates an electric planar heating element 27 and a roof tile.

[0008]

However, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-258449, when heavy rainfall occurs, the sound of rain hitting the exterior plate 32 is transmitted to the room through the groundwork 31 and becomes noisy. In this case, since the temperature is transmitted from the heated exterior plate 32 via the base 31, the room tends to become high in temperature, and there is a possibility that the livability may be impaired. Also, when you are on the exterior board 32, such as during construction,
If the part is replaced or not replaced, the appearance may be impaired.

Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. Hei 4-30618 discloses a roof tile of an aluminum alloy having a built-in heating element as a snow-melting type roof structure. In the roof tile disclosed in JP-119716, heat transfer from the heating element to the roof tile upper surface is small, resulting in poor thermal efficiency.
Further, in the case of a roof tile disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-119716, if there is a gap between the roof tile and the foundation, heat escapes from the heating element to the air layer in the gap, and the thermal efficiency similarly deteriorates. For this reason, the effect of melting snow is small, and the burden on the electricity cost for melting snow increases.

Further, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 4-30618 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 63-119716, the roof weight may be increased and the earthquake resistance may become a problem. In addition, if the weight of the roof tile body is relatively large, the roofing work becomes difficult.

As described above, various proposals have been made, but there are still problems, which are listed below. (1) A mere metal plate roof tile impairs habitability due to rain sound or severe heat. (2) There is a danger of stepping and denting during construction. (3) General clay tiles and iron-plated tiles have heavy roofs,
Poor seismic resistance and workability. (4) In the snow-melting tile, the efficiency of heat transfer to the roof tile upper surface is poor, the snow-melting effect is small, and the burden on the electricity bill increases. (5) In the case where the roof material is nailed from the outside, rainwater may infiltrate through the nail hole, which may cause a problem. (6) When nailing a roofing material from the outside, the head of the nail is visible from the outside, which impairs the aesthetic appearance. (7) From the viewpoint of shortening the construction period, there is a demand for easy roofing workability. (8) In a Japanese-style building, the flat plate (sheet-like) shape is inferior in three-dimensional appearance. An object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure excellent in weather resistance, habitability and workability, and a snow-melting roof structure in a heavy snowfall area.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a roof structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a backup material is interposed between a roof tile main body made of a metal plate and a roof base. . The backup material is made substantially equal in shape to the lower surface of the roof tile body, and the gap between the roof tile body and the backup material is reduced. Further, the roof structure used for snow melting has a heating element disposed on a backup material.
Preferably, a groove is formed in the thickness of the heating element in the backup material, and the heating element is disposed in the groove, and the heating element is preferably a planar heating element. In the above roof structure of the present invention, a concave portion is formed in a portion of the roof tile body to be nailed, a suspender is attached to the concave portion, and the roof tile body is The inside of the part where the lower end is folded is fitted. The roof tile body of the present invention is made of a press-formed product made of a metal plate material of an aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or a copper alloy, and has a tile-like appearance.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows a roof board 2 with a roof tile as a base.
1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of being laid on 1. In FIG. 1, a roof tile 6 laid on the lower side has a rising portion 8 formed at an upper end thereof and a substantially U-shaped portion 9 formed at a lower end thereof by being folded back to the back side. Then, the roof tile 6 is laid on the lower side, and is extended substantially in parallel with the base plate 21 at the apex of the rising portion 8 of the roof tile 6. The hanging member 11 is disposed in the concave portion 2 formed on the extended surface. Is fixed with a nail 4. Then, a backup material 16 is interposed at a necessary portion between the roof tile 6 and the base plate 21.

2 to 4 show members used for the roof structure in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the tile roof tile 1 made of an aluminum alloy, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the suspension element 11, and the details thereof will be described below. The tile roof tile 1 shown in FIG.
The one equivalent to four tiles is usually molded integrally,
A concave portion 2 for nailing the suspender is formed on the upper end surface of each tile. Reference numeral 3 denotes a nail hole.

This tile roof tile 1 is made of an aluminum alloy wrought material (1000 series and 5000 series) of 0.6 mm,
A thin plate having a width of 370 mm was subjected to shearing, and was press-molded under a pressure of 300 tons into a heavy tile-like shape. In the present invention, four conventional clay roof tiles are horizontally long and integrally formed, and have a horizontal length of 800 mm. Because of this, the roof tile of the present invention is easy to lay and is made of press-formed aluminum, so it is lighter than conventional clay and steel plate products, it can reduce heavy labor and is earthquake resistant. Excellent roof structure. The tile roof tile may be made of stainless steel or copper alloy. Further, the building can be upgraded by applying anodizing, fluorine coating and polyester coating.

The backup material 16 shown in FIG. 3 is made of a self-extinguishing molded foam, and the upper surface 16 is formed in a corrugated shape similar to the lower surface shape of the roof tile 1 shown in FIG. Thereby, the gap between the roof tile 1 and the backup material 16 is reduced, and
The gap between the roof tile 1 and the bottom is also reduced. As in the case of the roof tile 1, the suspender 11 shown in FIG. 4 is manufactured by press-forming a 0.6 mm thin plate of wrought aluminum alloy (1000 series and 5000 series) by shearing. As shown in FIG. 4, the plane is substantially rectangular, and the substantially U-shaped part is composed of a folded back side wall part 22 and a tip part 17 that is bent substantially upward and folded upward. .
Then, small side walls 18 are provided on both sides of the flat portion of the suspension 11.
Is formed. The side wall 18 functions to stably mount the concave portion 2 formed on the surface of the main roof tile 1 shown in FIG. 2 and also improves the bending strength of the suspender 11 itself. The suspension 11 can be made of a steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a copper plate, or a copper alloy plate in addition to the aluminum alloy material. In this case, it is necessary to select the suspender 11 made of the same material as the material of the tile roof tile 1 to be applied,
It is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing corrosion.

The connecting portion of the roof tiles is connected to the connecting portion 7 shown in FIG.
Will be described based on the enlarged vertical sectional view of FIG. Backup material 1
The roof tile 6 on which the tile main body is laid is formed with a rising portion 8 at the upper end thereof, and is joined to the back surface of the suspender 11 substantially at the top surface of the rising portion 8 to be integrated with the roof block 15 to the upper part of the pier 15. It is formed to extend. The upper end of the roof tile 6 laid on the lower side integrated with the suspender 11 is fixed to the pier 15 by the nail 4. On the other hand, the lower end of the suspender 11 is formed in a substantially U-shaped portion 12 on the back side.
Is fitted inside the substantially U-shaped portion 9 at the lower end of the roof tile 5 laid on the upper side. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 10 denotes a substantially U-shaped tip of the lower end of the roof tile, 13 denotes a fitting portion between the roof tile 5 laid on the upper side and the suspender 11, and 17 denotes a substantially U-shaped tip of the suspender. , 21 indicate a base plate as a roof base. With this configuration, the roof tile 6 to be laid on the lower side is nailed and fixed to the pier 15 together with the suspender 11, so that the roof tile does not rise due to strong wind and rain.

The construction of the roof tile of the present invention applied to the roof structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 can be performed very easily by the following (1) to (4). (1) The extending portion (upper end) of the rising portion 8 of the roof tile 6 to be laid below is positioned on the crosspiece 15. (2) The suspender 11 is placed on the extending portion of the rising portion 8 of the roof tile 6 laid below and fixed to the pier 15 with the nail 4. (3) Laying the backup material 16 on the lower side of the roof tile 5 to be laid on the upper side in accordance with the waveform of the uppermost end of the roof tile 6. (4) Next, after the roof tile 5 to be laid on the upper side is located on the substantially U-shaped outer side (the left side in FIG. 8) of the suspender 11, the roof tile 5 to be laid on the upper side is substantially The U-shaped portions 12 are pushed upward (to the right in FIG. 8) so that substantially U-shaped portions are fitted to each other.

As described above, in the roof structure according to the present invention, the installation of the roof tile can be performed extremely easily and easily, and no skill is required. There is no need to worry about dents in the roof tiles, and work efficiency is good. In addition, the tile roof tiles applied in the present invention are made of metal and are miniaturized, so they are lightweight,
It is not hard work. In addition, since the roof tile is not nailed from the outside exposed to rainwater, there is no problem caused by rainwater entering from the nail holes, and the nails are not visible from the outside, so the aesthetic appearance is impaired Nor. Furthermore, the backup material 1 is placed between the roof tile 6 and the roof base plate 21.
6 and a structure that reduces the gap between the roof tile 6 and the backup material 16 and the roof tile 6 and the base plate 21, the sound insulation effect is enhanced, and the rain sound is noticeable during heavy rainfall. do not become. In addition, the heat insulation effect is improved, so that it becomes comfortable even in severe heat or cold, and the comfort is good, and the energy cost for cooling and heating can be saved.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a heating element is arranged between a roof tile and a backup material in a roof structure used for snow melting. In FIG. 5, FIG.
In addition to the roof structure shown in FIG. 1, an electric planar heating element 23 having a thickness of 5 mm or less for melting snow is provided. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a backup material, in which a self-extinguishing molded foam is used to form a waveform in which the upper surface 20a is matched with the lower surface shape of the roof tile 6 shown in FIG. 5 (the roof plate 6 in FIG. A groove 20c is formed at a depth where the electric planar heating element 23 having a thickness of 5 mm or less shown in FIG. 7 is inserted, and the electric planar heating element 2 is formed in the groove 20c.
3 can be arranged. Except for the above configuration, since it is basically the same as the roof structure shown in FIG. 1, the description of the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 will be omitted.

The construction of the roof tile of the present invention applied to the snow-melting roof structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 can be performed very easily according to the following (1) to (6). (1) The extending portion (upper end) of the rising portion 8 of the roof tile 6 to be laid below is positioned on the crosspiece 15. (2) The suspender 11 is placed on the extending portion of the rising portion 8 of the roof tile 6 laid below and fixed to the pier 15 with the nail 4. (3) A groove 2 for disposing a planar heating element 23 under the roof tile 5 laid on the upper side in a roof portion where snow melting is required.
The backup material 20 on which 0c is formed is laid while being inserted according to the waveform of the uppermost end of the roof tile 6. On the roof portion where snow melting is not so necessary, a backup material having no groove 20c is similarly laid while being inserted in accordance with the waveform at the uppermost end of the roof tile 6. (4) The planar heating element 23 is placed in the groove of the back-up material 20c in the roof portion where snow melting is required. (5) Next, after the roof tile 5 to be laid on the upper side is positioned on the substantially U-shaped outer side (the left side in FIG. 3) of the suspender 11, the roof tile 5 to be laid on the upper side is By pushing up the outer side of the character-shaped portion 12 upward (to the right in FIG. 5), the substantially U-shaped members are fitted to each other. (6) Connect the lead wire 23a of the sheet heating element 23 and connect it to the power supply control device.

In the roof structure for melting snow according to the second embodiment, the sheet heating element 23 and the roof tile 6 are in contact with each other, the roof tile 6 is a metal plate material, and Since the heat from 23 to the ground direction is blocked, the efficiency of reaching the set temperature during snow melting is extremely high.

In addition, the construction work of the roof tile can be performed extremely easily and easily, and no skill is required. And work efficiency is good. In addition, since the tile roof tile applied in the present invention is made of metal and is miniaturized, it is lightweight and does not require heavy labor. In addition, since the roof tile is not nailed from the outside exposed to rainwater, there is no problem caused by rainwater infiltrating from the nail holes, and the nails are not visible from the outside, so the aesthetic appearance is impaired Nor. Furthermore, the backup material 16 is interposed between the roof tile 6 and the roof base plate 21, and the gap between the roof tile 6 and the backup material 16, and the roof tile 6 and the base plate 21 is reduced, so that the structure is reduced. The sound insulation effect is increased, and the rain sound is not bothersome even during heavy rainfall. In addition, the heat insulation effect is also improved, so that it is comfortable even in severe heat or cold, and the comfort is good, and energy costs for cooling and heating can be saved.

[0024]

As described above in detail, the roof structure according to the present invention has a structure in which the lower surface of the roof tile body is substantially equal to the roof tile body and the backup material between the roof tile body made of a metal plate and the roof foundation. The construction efficiency of laying roof tiles is good, and the sound insulation effect and heat insulation effect are high, so even in severe heat or cold, it is comfortable and comfortable, and the appearance is good. Also excellent in earthquake resistance. In a roof structure for melting snow, a heating element and a roof tile are in contact with each other, and the roof tile is a metal plate material.
Since the heat from the heating element to the roof base is blocked by the backup material, the snow melting efficiency is extremely high.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a roof structure according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main tile-like roof tile body used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a backup material used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the suspension used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a roof structure for melting snow according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a backup material used for a roof structure for melting snow according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an electric planar heating element used in a roof structure for snow melting according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a connection portion of the roof structure according to the first and second embodiments.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a joint of a conventional building exterior structure.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a longitudinal section of an exterior plate of a conventional exterior building structure.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional snow melting roof tile.

FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional heating tile for snow melting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 This tile roof tile which consists of a metal plate material 2 The recess formed in the surface of this tile roof tile 3 Nail hole 4 Nail 5 Roof tile laid on the upper side 6 Roof tile laid on the lower side 7 Roof tile connection part 8 Upper end rising part of roof tile roof tile 9 Roof tile lower end substantially U-shaped part 10 Roof tile lower end substantially U-shaped part tip part 11 Hanger 12 Hanger lower end substantially U-shaped part 13 Fitting part between roof tile and hanger DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Crosspiece 16 Backup material 17 End part of approximately U-shaped part of suspender 18 Flat part side wall of suspender 19 Flat part of suspender 20 Backup material which provides a heating element 21 Field board 22 Folded side wall part of suspender 23 Planar heating element 23a Lead wire 31 Underlayer 31a Plywood 31b Underlayer sheet 32 Outer panel 33 Upper edge forming portion 34 Lower edge forming portion 35 Step portion 36 Joining portion 37 Gap a Space 38 Rainwater 40 Snow melting roof tile 41 Al alloy metal roof tile 42 Heating wire 43 Field board 44 Waterproof paper (liner roofing)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI E04D 13/00 E04D 13/00 D (72) Inventor Babao Hama 11 Kinuigaoka, Moka City, Tochigi Prefecture Hitachi Metals, Ltd. In the laboratory

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A roof structure comprising a roof tile main body made of a metal plate and a backup material interposed between a roof base and a roof base. 2. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the backup material has substantially the same shape as the lower surface of the roof tile body, and a gap between the roof tile body and the backup material is reduced. 3. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a heating element is disposed on the backup material. 4. The roof structure according to claim 3, wherein a groove is formed in the backup material in a thickness of the heating element, and the heating element is disposed in the groove. 5. The heating element according to claim 3, wherein the heating element is a sheet heating element.
Or the roof structure according to claim 4. 6. A concave portion is formed in a portion of the roof tile main body to be nailed, a suspender is attached to the concave portion, and a lower end of the roof tile main body is folded outside a portion where the lower end of the suspender is folded. The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inside of the part is fitted. 7. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof tile body is a press-formed product. 8. The roof structure according to claim 7, wherein the press-formed product is an aluminum alloy. 9. The roof structure according to claim 7, wherein the press-formed product is stainless steel. 10. The roof structure according to claim 7, wherein the press-formed product is a copper alloy. 11. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof tile body is a main tile roof tile.