JPH1076522A - Volume-reducing device for waste plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-size, light weight and low-noise volume-reducing device for a waste plastic material which is capable of preventing a compressed air exhausted from a pressurizing actuator and heated up by heat transfer from directly spreading to the surroundings of the volume-reducing device of a scrap plastic material and ensures safe exhaust treatment and further, is maintained at a low noise level. SOLUTION: This volume-reducing device for a waste plastic material consists of a pressurizing part 3 which is provided at the bottom side of a treatment container 2 and pressurizes the waste plastic material 2 starting to soften by sending a compressed air to a pressurizing actuator 4 and thereby reduces the volume of the material and an exhaust valve 13 for exhausting the compressed air from the pressurizing actuator 4 after reducing the volume. In addition, a circulation path 23 for exhausting the compressed air heated up by heat transfer from a high temperature gas during pressurizing process into the treatment container 2 or a hot blast circulating system is connected to the exhaust valve 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste plastic material reducing apparatus for heating and softening waste plastic materials such as styrofoam generated in homes, offices, shops and the like to reduce the volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of waste has been discharged from homes, business establishments, stores, and the like, due to a shortage of processing facility capacity such as incineration and landfill, and an increase in processing costs including collection and transportation. Measures are urgent. As a countermeasure, reducing the amount of waste is a fundamental solution, but the use of recycled resources is extremely effective. Above all, waste plastic materials are attracting attention as a target for recycling because the raw materials are petroleum, a valuable energy resource, and they do not rot even if they are landfilled and are bulky. Among them, Styrofoam is particularly frequently used as a distribution container because of its light weight, cushioning property, low cost, etc., and since there is no substitute material at present, it is strongly desired to recycle and reuse it. It is rare. However, when the styrofoam and the like are collected and collected at one place for recycling, there is a problem that the bulky bulk increases the transportation cost, which raises the overall recycling cost. For this reason, home,
2. Description of the Related Art A volume reduction method and a volume reduction apparatus which are installed in a place where waste plastic material is generated, such as a business place or a store, to reduce the volume thereof, have been proposed. This volume reduction device is a device for finely pulverizing Styrofoam by a pulverizer and reducing the volume by compression with a press or the like. The reduced solids obtained by reducing the volume are collected by a trader and recycled at a recycling factory. However, the method of reducing the volume of styrofoam at room temperature requires a high-pressure press device,
There is a problem that the equipment becomes large and cannot be miniaturized.

Therefore, as an improvement of this volume reduction processing method, the following technology (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-274114) has been proposed. This technique is intended to soften styrofoam or the like by heating, and to reduce the volume of styrofoam under pressure using air pressure.

[0004]

However, in the waste plastic material reducing device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-274114, the waste plastic material is softened in a high-temperature gas heated to about 160 ° C. The compressed air is sent to the pressurized actuator, and the volume of waste plastic material is reduced by air pressure. Accordingly, while the waste plastic material is being compressed and compressed, the temperature of the compressed air in the pressure actuator rises due to heat conduction of the heat of the high-temperature gas in the processing vessel. The compressed air to be used is extremely hot and cannot be discharged directly to the outside, so safety measures must be considered. Also, the compressed air in the pressurized actuator is pressurized to pressurize the waste plastic material, and the exhaust sound of the compressed air exhausted from the pressurized actuator at once after pressurization is quite high and can be felt as noise. Met.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problem and to prevent the compressed air heated by the heat transfer discharged from the pressurizing actuator from spreading directly around the waste plastic material reducing device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact and lightweight waste plastic material reduction apparatus which is capable of performing safe exhaust treatment, reducing noise, and reducing the amount of waste plastic material.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus according to the present invention is arranged such that a compressed air heated by a heat transfer from a high-temperature gas during pressurization and heated to a processing vessel is supplied to an exhaust unit. A circulation path for discharging the inside or the hot air circulation path is connected.

[0007] Thus, it is possible to prevent the compressed air heated by the heat transfer discharged from the pressurized actuator from directly spreading around the waste plastic material volume reducing device, and the exhaust treatment is safe, the noise is low, and A compact and lightweight waste plastic material volume reducing device can be provided.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a processing container provided with an opening / closing lid and capable of softening waste plastic material inside, and a communication container connected to the processing container for softening waste plastic material. A hot-air circulation system that circulates the high-temperature gas, a discharge passage that communicates with the hot-air circulation system and discharges a part of the high-temperature gas that circulates in the hot-air circulation system, and a blower provided in the hot-air circulation system. A heating unit that heats the gas, a pressurizing unit that is provided on the bottom side of the processing container and pressurizes and reduces the volume of the waste plastic material that has started to soften by sending compressed air to a pressurizing actuator; An exhaust unit for exhausting the compressed air from the pressurized actuator, wherein the exhaust unit is configured to supply compressed air heated by heat transfer from a high-temperature gas during pressurization to the inside of the processing container or the hot air circulation path. Since circulation path for output is waste plastic material compaction apparatus, characterized in that connected securely to process compressed air was heated by a simple structure,
Further, it has an effect that the noise of the compressed air exhausted from the pressurizing actuator of the pressurizing section for pressurizing and compressing the waste plastic can be easily reduced.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that heat is exchanged between the heated compressed air discharged from the circulation path and the high-temperature gas in the processing vessel. This has the effect that the temperature of the high-temperature gas in the processing vessel can be reduced after the volume reduction.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a heat insulating container is provided around the processing container, and the exhaust noise of the compressed air discharged from the circulation path is attenuated by the heat insulating container. Can be kept low.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
Numeral 1 denotes a waste plastic material volume reducing device, in which a heat insulating container 21 and a processing container 2 housed in the heat insulating container 21 and containing and softening the waste plastic material 22 are provided.
Is provided. The heat insulating container 21 has a structure in which hot air of about 160 ° C. does not leak out of the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1. Further, an appropriate number of side outlets 18 for hot air are provided on the side surface of the processing container 2 and communicate with the inside of the heat insulating container 21, and the opening / closing lid 6 provided with the O-ring elastic body 5 is provided on the upper surface side. Have been. The opening / closing lid 6 is opened when the waste plastic material 22 is charged into the processing container 2, and is closed and closed when the waste plastic material 22 is softened and reduced in volume in the processing container 2. Further, a pressurizing unit 3 that reciprocates up and down is provided on the bottom side of the processing container 2, and the waste plastic material 22, which has started to be softened by a high-temperature gas of about 160 ° C., is sandwiched between the open / close lid 6 and pressed. To reduce the volume. The pressure unit 3 includes a pressure actuator 4 and a piston 25 that is reciprocated by the pressure actuator 4 and directly presses the waste plastic material 22. The pressurizing actuator 4 is an expandable and retractable rubber balloon-shaped air bag or the like, and is inflated by compressed air sent from the air pump 20 to push up the piston 25 to reduce the volume of the waste plastic material 22 and thereafter constitute an exhaust unit. When the exhaust valve 13 is opened,
The air accumulated inside passes through the circulation path 23 and the heat insulation container 2
The pressurizing section 3 is returned to the original position by being discharged into the inside 1. Reference numeral 7 denotes a blower, which has a capacity of about 250 liters / minute and is provided in a hot air circulation path 11 communicating with the processing container 2 and the heat insulating container 21 to circulate high-temperature gas through the processing container 2. The gas flow path 19 formed between the inner surface of the heat insulating container 21 and the outer surface of the processing container 2 and the hot air circulation path 11 constitute a hot air circulation path of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the circulation path 2
3 is connected to the inside of the heat insulating container 21, but can be connected to the processing container 2 or the hot air circulation path 11 in the same manner. However, discharging into the heat insulating container 21 is the simplest in structure, and the exhaust sound can be suppressed by the function of the heat insulating container 21.

The hot air circulation path 11 is provided with a heating section 8 for heating the circulating gas and a temperature sensor 9.
In the present embodiment, the heating unit 8 uses an electric heater. The temperature of the hot gas detected by the temperature sensor 9 is transmitted to the control unit 24, and the temperature of the hot gas is adjusted to a temperature range of about 160 ° C. Reference numeral 12 denotes a discharge path, which is provided with an oxidizing section 14 that branches off a part of the discharge path to oxidize the exhaust gas and perform flameless combustion. The oxidizing section 14 is provided with an oxidation catalyst 15 for promoting the oxidation of the exhaust gas heated by the catalyst heating section 16 and a processing gas temperature sensor 17 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas.

The operation of the waste plastic material reducing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIG. The opening / closing lid 6 is opened, and the waste plastic material 22 is put into the processing container 2. Next, the opening / closing lid 6 is closed and closed, and the blower 7 is energized by a command from the control unit 24 to start blowing,
Subsequently, the heating section 8 is energized to heat the circulating gas to make it a high-temperature gas. At this time, the heating temperature is about 160 ° C., and the temperature sensor 9 detects this, and this detection signal is transmitted to the control unit 24, and the control unit 24 controls to keep the inside of the processing container 2 at a predetermined temperature. . The high-temperature gas becomes hot air and is discharged from the hot-air discharge port 10 into the processing container 2, and heats and softens the waste plastic material 22 charged into the processing container 2.
After heating the waste plastic material 22, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the side discharge port 18, flows through the gas flow path 19 between the inner surface side of the heat insulating container 21 and the outer surface side of the processing container 2, and reaches the suction port of the blower 7. Is circulated again into the processing vessel 2 through the hot air circulation path 11. That is, the high-temperature gas is circulated through the hot air circulation path. Then, a part of the high-temperature gas is branched to the discharge path 12, heated by the catalyst heating section 16 of the oxidizing section 14, oxidized by the oxidation catalyst 15, burned without flame, and made odorless and harmless.

Since the waste plastic material 22 in the processing container 2 is softened when heated at a high temperature, in the softened state, the exhaust valve 13 is closed and the air pump 20 is operated to move the waste plastic material 22 to the pressure actuator 4 composed of an air bag or the like. Pump air. Then, the piston 25 rises in the direction of the opening / closing lid 6, and compresses the waste plastic material 22 in the processing container 2 with the opening / closing lid 6 to reduce the volume. Thereafter, the exhaust valve 13 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air accumulated inside is discharged into the heat insulating container 21 through the circulation path 23, and the pressurizing unit 3 is returned to the original position by gravity.

By the way, when air is pressure-fed to the pressure actuator 4 and the waste plastic material 22 is sandwiched between the open / close lid 6 and compressed, the air in the pressure actuator 4 is surrounded (the processing vessel 2 and the heat insulation vessel 21). ) Temperature rises due to heat exchange with the temperature. Therefore, if the air is discharged as it is, it is not preferable because the discharged portion inside the apparatus is locally heated by the high-temperature exhaust air, and it is necessary to prevent the high-temperature exhaust from spreading around the waste plastic material reducing apparatus. The air pressure in the pressure actuator 4 for compressing and compressing the waste plastic material 22 is 0.1 to 0.2 kg / cm ^2.
At this time, for example, the area of the piston 25 is 1
In the case of 000 cm ² , a compression force of about 100 to 200 kg is applied and compression becomes possible. However, if the exhaust valve 13 is opened after the end of the compression, the air pressure discharged from the pressurizing actuator 4 is high, which causes a noise problem due to the exhaust noise at the time of discharging.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, a circulation path 23 is provided which can circulate the air heated by heat conduction from the exhaust valve 13 into the heat insulating container 21 while the waste plastic material 22 is pressurized. This circulation path 23 can be connected to either the processing vessel 2 or the hot air circulation path 11. Since the exhaust valve 13 is closed during the pressurization and compression of the waste plastic material 22, the air from the air pump 20 is pressure-fed in the direction of arrow A in the pressurization actuator 4,
To rise. When the compression is completed, the exhaust valve 13 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air in the pressure actuator 4 flows from the exhaust valve 13 to the circulation path 23 and is further discharged to the heat insulating container 21. Since heat exchange by dilution or the like is performed between the heated compressed air discharged from the circulation path 23 and the high-temperature gas in the heat insulating container 21, a process for reducing the temperature as quickly as possible after reducing the volume of the waste plastic material. The temperature of the hot gas in the container 2 can be rapidly reduced. In addition, the high-temperature exhaust air in the pressurizing actuator 4 does not leak out of the waste plastic material volume reducing device as in the case where the exhaust valve 13 is directly opened to discharge the heated air. Further, even if the air accumulated in the pressure actuator 4 is discharged at a time after the compression is completed in order to pressurize and compress the waste plastic material 22, the exhaust sound at the time of discharge is reduced.
The heat insulation container 21 provided with the side discharge port 18 can be used to solve the noise problem because the predetermined exhaust noise is resonantly attenuated. Since the cooling rate is high due to the heat exchange, the opening / closing lid 6 can be opened to take out the block of the waste plastic material 22 after the processing, and the time until the volume reduction processing is performed again is significantly reduced. As described above, by circulating the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust air in the pressurizing actuator 4 to the heat insulating container 21 through the circulation path 23, a safe and low-noise waste plastic material volume reducing device can be realized. .

[0017]

As is apparent from the above description, the waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus of the present invention uses the heated high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the pressure actuator of the compression section for compressing and compressing the waste plastic material, into the processing vessel. In addition, since a circulation path for discharging into the hot air circulation system is provided, high-temperature air discharged from the pressurized actuator can be prevented from spreading around the waste plastic material volume reduction device, and safe exhaust processing should be performed. Can be.

Further, since heat is exchanged between the heated compressed air discharged from the circulation path and the high-temperature gas in the processing container, the high-temperature gas in the processing container is reduced after the volume of the waste plastic material is reduced by heat exchange by dilution or the like. Can be lowered, and the time required for taking out the waste plastic material after the treatment and again performing the volume reduction treatment is remarkably reduced.

Further, by providing the circulation path for discharging the exhaust gas into the heat insulating container, the exhaust noise at the time of discharging the exhaust gas is attenuated by the heat insulating container, so that the noise problem can be solved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste plastic material volume reduction device 2 Processing container 3 Pressurizing part 4 Pressurizing actuator 5 O-ring elastic body 6 Opening / closing lid 7 Blower 8 Heating part 9 Temperature sensor 10 Hot air outlet 11 Hot air circulation path 12 Exhaust path 13 Exhaust valve 14 Oxidizing section 15 Oxidation catalyst 16 Catalyst heating section 17 Processing gas temperature sensor 18 Side discharge port 19 Gas flow path 20 Air pump 21 Insulated container 22 Waste plastic material 23 Circulation path 24 Control section 25 Piston

Claims (3)

[Claims] A processing container provided with an opening / closing lid and capable of softening waste plastic material therein; a hot air circulation system communicating with the processing container and circulating a high-temperature gas for softening the waste plastic material; A discharge path for discharging a part of the high-temperature gas circulating in the hot air circulation system and communicating with the system, a blower provided in the hot air circulation system and a heating unit for heating the gas, and a bottom of the processing container A pressurizing unit configured to pressurize and reduce the volume of the waste plastic material that is provided on the side and that has started to soften by sending compressed air to a pressurizing actuator;
An exhaust unit for discharging the compressed air from the pressurizing actuator after reducing the volume, wherein the exhaust unit supplies compressed air heated by heat transfer from a high-temperature gas during pressurization to the inside of the processing container or the hot air circulation system. A waste plastic material volume reducing device, wherein a circulation path for discharging the waste plastic into the path is connected. 2. A waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus for exchanging heat between heated compressed air discharged from a circulation path and high-temperature gas in a processing vessel. 3. An apparatus for reducing volume of waste plastic material, wherein a heat insulating container is provided around the processing container, and exhaust noise of compressed air discharged from the circulation path is attenuated by the heat insulating container.