JP3089736B2 - Plastic waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a relatively small, simple and sanitary treatment apparatus suitable for household use, mainly for plastic refuse such as fresh food packaging generated in the kitchen. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical example of garbage discharged from homes is garbage generated around the kitchen. Looking at the breakdown, it is said that about 80% by volume is packaging plastics such as fresh food products, and about half by weight is cooking waste, leftover food, and other garbage. In these processes, a collection vehicle goes to a place for a predetermined time and collects them,
It is a general method that the treatment is performed intensively in a disposal facility such as a landfill. Therefore, in general households, it is necessary to keep the garbage until a predetermined date when the collection is performed, and it is necessary to transport the garbage to a predetermined place when the collection is performed. In order to eliminate such inconveniences, some apparatuses and methods for processing garbage at (near) a place where the garbage is generated have been proposed. A typical example is a so-called disposer. This is a system in which garbage is finely divided by mechanical force and is then discharged into sewage together with water. Other methods include a heating combustion method using a heater or the like, a refrigeration method for eliminating odor, a microwave heating combustion method, and the like. However, these were all processing equipment for garbage.

[0003]

The plastic refuse occupies a small weight in the whole refuse, but has a large volume. This is because plastic food trays, containers, bottles, packaging bags, wrap films, and the like are discharged in large amounts as garbage, and this is a main cause of an increase in garbage storage space at home. Also, chlorine-based plastic is usually mixed in the garbage, and these plastic garbage, which avoids generation of chlorine-based gas during combustion, are treated as noncombustibles (garbage that must not be burned) and used for landfill. It is often turned around, causing an increase in the amount of waste at the final landfill site.

On the other hand, regarding conventional waste treatment apparatuses, most disposers, incinerators, refrigeration systems, etc. are garbage disposal units, and there is no effective means for plastics, and there is no practical means. Especially, plastic refuse treatment equipment for domestic use is still in a state of general use, and it has been an issue to realize it at an early stage.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and reduces the weight (volume reduction) of plastic garbage generated in a kitchen or the like for packaging of perishable foods with a simple configuration and a simple operation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing apparatus mainly suitable for home use.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a hot air generating unit having a blowing means and a heating means arranged at an upper part thereof, and an outer cylindrical container which is opened upward and an outer cylindrical container. A bag hung over the upper end of the container, the end of which hangs outward, and a bag suspended inside, a packing material provided between the bag and the upper part of the outer cylindrical container, and a packing material pressed into the inside of the bag to form a packing material A frame holding a bag therebetween and fixing the bag at the upper part of the outer cylinder container, a garbage container suspended inside the frame and suspended in the bag and having a variable inner volume and a ventilation hole at a lower part, and an outer cylinder A compression unit having an air pumping means for sending air to a space formed by the container and the bag is arranged below the hot air generation unit, and the hot air generation unit and the compression unit can be freely separated and moved,
The plastic refuse treatment device was configured such that the hot air from the hot blast generating unit circulated as a passage inside the refuse container and between the refuse container and the bag when the hot air generating unit and the compression unit were joined. Things. Further, the plastic waste stored in such a waste container having a variable internal volume is heated by circulating hot air, and when the plastic waste reaches a predetermined temperature, the content of the waste container is utilized by using the air pressure pumped. An apparatus configured to forcibly reduce the volume and compressively deform plastic refuse, wherein the plastic refuse treatment apparatus has a mechanism for cooling the plastic refuse to a predetermined temperature in a pressurized state.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for easily and hygienically reducing the amount of plastic waste by the above-described structure and mechanism. That is, the plastic waste put in the waste container is heated by circulating hot air generated by a hot air generating unit having a blowing means and a heating means to a predetermined temperature (about 100 to 140 ° C.). Next, the waste container having a variable internal volume is forcibly operated using air pressure to reduce its internal volume and compress the plastic waste. At this point, since the plastic waste is softened or partially melted in accordance with the temperature rise due to the heating, the plastic waste is easily compressed with a change in the internal volume of the waste container, and the volume is greatly reduced. This compression step may be repeated several times during heating. Then, the plastic waste is cooled and solidified to a predetermined temperature (approximately 70 ° C. or lower) in a pressurized state. In this way, waste reduction is achieved.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific examples will be described below in detail. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a main part of an embodiment of a plastic waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention. 1 is a fan used as a blowing means, 2 is an electric heater, and both constitute a hot air generating unit. Reference numeral 3 denotes a temperature detector for controlling the temperature of the hot air, which is not necessary when a self-temperature control type is used as the electric heater 2. Also, here, the electric heater 2
An oxidation catalyst layer is formed on the surface to provide a deodorizing function. Reference numeral 15 denotes a hot air outlet comprising a large number of through holes,
Reference numeral 16 denotes a suction port. These are integrally provided and fixed on the upper part of the exterior 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes an outer cylindrical container which is opened upward and has a packing material 6 provided thereon. Reference numeral 7 denotes a bag made of a heat-resistant material, which is made of a plastic sheet material here. Reference numeral 8 denotes a frame, which is pushed into the inside of the bag 7, clamps the bag between the packing material 6, and is fixed to the upper portion of the outer cylindrical container 5. The frame 8 has a U-shaped cross section, a recessed portion facing the suction port 16, and an air passage 8 a at the bottom. A garbage container 9 is suspended from an inner rising portion of the frame 8. The garbage container 9 is composed of a plurality of cylindrical bodies 9a, 9b, 9c having different diameters and a bottom plate 9d having a vent hole 9e. It is configured as follows. The height of the side wall of the bottom plate 9d is smaller than the height of the side wall of the cylindrical bodies 9a to 9c. In this way, it is configured in a multi-node shape so as to be expandable and contractible, and as a result, the internal volume is variable. Put plastic waste into this. Although the refuse container 9 is made of a heat-resistant plastic material, other materials such as an FRP material and a metal material can be used. Reference numeral 12 denotes an air pump used as an air pressure feeding means. The air pump sucks outside air from a suction port 12a and projects air from an outlet 12b into an air chamber 11 formed by the outer cylinder 5 and the bag 7. The pressurized garbage container 9 is compressed upward from outside. As described above, the bag 7 is a constituent material of the air chamber 11 and also plays a role of receiving moisture, dirt, and the like adhering to the plastic refuse contained in the refuse container 9. The frame 8 is configured to be detached and easily replaced when it becomes dirty or when a part of the air chamber 11 cannot be maintained airtight due to partial damage. The air pump 12 may be configured to be attached to the exterior 4 and communicate with the air chamber 11 by an elastic hose. When the set pressure at the time of pressurization is reduced, a high-pressure fan can be used instead of the air pump 12. Here, the set pressure at the time of pressurization is set to 0.
1 kg / cm ² and the cross-sectional area of the waste container
Since it is 00 cm ² , a high compressive force of about 30 kg in total can be exhibited. The set pressure can be further increased, and it is possible to easily generate a compression force about 10 times the above. Therefore, it is possible to select an appropriate compression force in a wide range according to the purpose and the like, but the above-mentioned compression force is sufficient when targeting ordinary plastic waste,
The above setting is also advantageous from the viewpoint of the safety of the device and the fact that a special pressure-resistant configuration is not required and an inexpensive configuration is possible. As described above, the outer container 5, the packing material 6, the bag 7,
The frame 8, the refuse container 9, and the air pump 12 constitute a compression unit, and the whole is fixed on the vertical movement mechanism 13. The hot air generating unit and the compression unit can be freely separated from each other by operating the vertical movement mechanism 13, and when the hot air generating unit and the compression unit are joined, the hot air from the hot air generating unit is filled in the dust container 9 and the dust container. The space 10 formed between the bag 9 and the bag 7 is circulated as a passage. The compression unit including the vertical movement mechanism 13 is a wheel 1
4, it can be pulled out in the left direction in the figure, and is used when throwing refuse.

Next, the operation will be described. First, the compression unit is pulled out and plastic waste is put into the waste container 9. Then push the unit into the exterior 4
The vertical movement mechanism 13 is operated and joined to the hot air generation unit. Next, the electric heater 2 is energized to raise the temperature, and at the same time, the fan 1
To work. The generated hot air is blown out from the hot air outlet 15 and supplied to the inside of the refuse container 9 to heat the injected plastic refuse, and the outside of the refuse container 9 is discharged from an air port 9 e provided at a lower portion of the refuse container 9. Is discharged. The discharged air passes through the space 10 and the air opening 8a of the frame body,
The air is sucked into the fan 1 again from the suction port 16 and becomes hot air, which circulates inside and outside the refuse container 9. The plastic waste put into the waste container 9 in this way is heated and its temperature rises. The heating temperature of the plastic waste is determined by the temperature detector 3 provided near the hot air outlet 15.
It controls while detecting the temperature of. The higher the set temperature when heating the plastic refuse, the higher the processing time, which is advantageous, because it is advantageous. However, if chlorine-based plastics (for example, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, etc.) are mixed in the input refuse, Care must be taken because they decompose by heating to generate harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride. Approximately 130 ° C is appropriate to avoid it, but 100-140 ° C
The range of can be recommended. The compression operation is started when the temperature of the plastic waste in the waste container 9 rises and reaches the above-mentioned temperature zone. In this embodiment, air pressure is used for the compression operation. When air pressure is used, a large compression force can be obtained with a small pressure, and this is an advantageous method from the viewpoint of safety and the like. First, when the air pump 12 is started, outside air is introduced into the air chamber 11 from the suction port 12a through the protruding port 12b and is pressurized. The air pressure causes the bag 7 to start shrinking, pushing up the bottom of the refuse container 9, and the refuse container 9 is compressed vertically to reduce its internal volume. At the same time, the refuse contained in the refuse container 9 is compressed. At this time, the plastic waste is significantly reduced in elasticity and softened or partially melted as the internal temperature rises. Therefore, the plastic waste is easily compressed with a change in the internal volume of the waste container 9 and greatly reduced in volume. This compression step may be repeated multiple times during the heating. Heating reduces the elasticity of the plastic waste but does not completely eliminate it. Therefore, when the compression force is released at this time, the expansion occurs to some extent due to the remaining elasticity, and the compression ratio (height after processing / height before processing) increases.
In order to avoid this, it is necessary to perform cooling while maintaining this compressed state. Cooling may be natural cooling,
The use of the fan 1 or a dedicated cooling fan (not shown) shortens the processing time. In this way, the plastic refuse shrinks and solidifies to a state in which the volume is greatly reduced, and the processing ends. The plastic lump that has become a small lump is pulled out of the compression unit, taken out of the litter container 9 and discarded. In the present invention, the refuse container 9 is made up of a three-stage cylindrical body 9a-9c and a bottom plate 9
d, the height of the solidified waste is regulated by the height of the side wall of the bottom plate 9d. In order to reduce the compression ratio, it is effective to make the height of the side wall of the bottom plate 9d sufficiently smaller than the height of the side walls of the cylindrical bodies 9a to 9c. With this configuration, in this embodiment, the compression ratio is set to 1 in one process.
When plastic waste is newly stacked and treated a plurality of times, this value is further reduced to 1/10 and 1/20, which is effective for weight reduction.
In addition, food waste and the like often adhere to the plastic waste. Therefore, they emit odor during heating. In this embodiment, since the oxidation catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the electric heater 2 to have a deodorizing function, the odor component generated during the hot air circulation heating is purified and becomes odorless. In addition, it is also effective to provide a configuration in which an external exhaust port is provided in a passage through which hot air circulates, a deodorizer is provided in the same portion, and deodorant exhaust is performed from the exhaust port when the waste container 9 is compressed.

In this embodiment, the hot air generating unit is fixed to the exterior 4 and the compression unit is moved when taking in and out the dust. On the contrary, the compression unit is fixed and the hot air generating unit is put in the lid, Of course, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the lid including the hot air generating unit is opened and closed at the time of loading and unloading.

Although the present invention is used as a general household plastic waste disposal apparatus, the present invention is not limited to its use, and is also effective for reducing the amount of plastic waste in stores, small business establishments, and the like. It is.

[0012]

According to the present invention, the plastic refuse is heated by using the above-described structure and processing mechanism, and the refuse container is forcibly shrunk using air pressure and cooled.
This makes it possible to carry out the weight reduction process very easily. With this unique configuration, the apparatus is compact and inexpensive, and no harmful gas is generated. In addition, by using this device to reduce the amount of plastic waste, it is possible to reduce the waste storage space at places where waste is generated, such as at home, further reduce waste transportation costs, and reduce landfills that are final disposal facilities. This can contribute to space saving.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a plastic waste treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fan (blowing means) 2 Electric heater (heating means) 5 Outer cylinder container 6 Packing material 7 Bag 8 Frame 9 Garbage container 12 Air pump (Air pressure sending means)

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Jiro Suzuki, Inventor 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-23655 (JP, A) JP-A-4- 219187 (JP, A) JP-A-4-256486 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 301 B09B 3/00 303

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A hot air generating unit having a blowing means and a heating means, an outer cylindrical container which is open upward, a bag hung inward over an upper end portion of the outer cylindrical container, A packing member provided between an upper portion of the cylindrical container, a frame body that is pressed into the inside of the bag and clamps the bag between the packing material and the bag at the upper portion of the outer cylindrical container, and the frame. A waste container having an internal volume variable and a ventilation hole at a lower portion suspended inside the body and suspended in the bag, and an air pressure feeding means for sending air to a space formed by the outer cylindrical container and the bag. Comprising a compression unit having the hot air generation unit and the compression unit so as to be able to freely contact and separate, and when the hot air generation unit and the compression unit are joined together, the hot air from the hot air generation unit is inside the refuse container and the refuse container Between the bag Plastic waste processing apparatus configured to circulate a space formed as a passage. 2. A waste container in which a plurality of cylindrical bodies each having a different diameter and a bottom plate having a ventilation hole are slid while contacting the side walls with each other to make the inner volume variable, and the side wall of the bottom plate is provided. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the height is smaller than the height of the cylindrical body. 3. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a catalyst deodorizer is provided in a passage in which the hot air circulates. 4. A plastic waste housed in a garbage container having a variable internal volume is heated by circulating hot air, and when said plastic garbage reaches a predetermined temperature, said plastic garbage container is utilized by using air pressure fed thereto. Forcefully reduce the internal volume of
A plastic refuse treatment apparatus for compressing and deforming the plastic refuse and cooling the plastic refuse to a predetermined temperature in a pressurized state.