JPH05330603A - Trash disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve reduction in quantity of trash by compressing trash which contains less water such as paper and plastics by compressed air. CONSTITUTION:Trash is charged into a trash container 1, and an air pump is operated. Air is suctioned through an inlet 9 and introduced into an airtight space 12 through a discharge port 10, and a bag 4 is compressed from the outside to push the trash container 1 up. Owing to the force, a plural number of cylinders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the trash container l slide and shrink upward in contact with a side wall mutually to compress trash put in the container 1 between a lid 3 and the cylinders so as to reduce volume of trash. At this time, air in the trash container is exhausted to the outside of the container through exhaust ports 6, 7. Also, a guide section 11 is provided in order to ensure smooth slide and expansion and contraction of the trash container.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has a simple structure and is simple to use, and is suitable for dust with a relatively low water content such as paper, plastics, etc. generated at home, stores, offices, offices, etc. The present invention mainly relates to a waste treatment device suitable for home use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been a long time since people have been calling for a reduction in the amount of waste, but in order to do so, it is necessary to understand the contents of the waste. For example, looking at the breakdown of household waste, except for recyclable items such as cans, bottles, and newspapers, garbage generated around the kitchen, plastics for packaging foods, and other miscellaneous papers It can be roughly classified into three types of garbage. Among them, the volume of food waste is small, and it is said that plastic and paper waste account for 90% or more of the total volume. It is a general method that these treatments are carried out intensively in a treatment facility such as an incineration site or a landfill site by a collection vehicle that goes to a place for a predetermined time to collect them. Therefore, in general households, it is necessary to store the garbage until a predetermined date when the collection is performed, and it is necessary to transport it to a predetermined place at the time when the collection is performed.

In order to eliminate these inconveniences, there have been proposed some devices and methods for treating refuse at or near the place where it is generated. For example, the disposer is a method that atomizes food waste with mechanical force and flows it into the sewage together with water.As other methods, a heating and combustion method using a heater, a refrigeration method for preventing odor, There is a microwave heating combustion method. However, these are all processing devices for food waste and could not be used for reducing the amount of waste plastics and papers.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Plastic waste and paper waste have a small weight but a large volume ratio to the entire waste. This is because food trays, containers, bottles, wrapping paper, wrap films, etc. are discharged as plastic waste, and wrapping paper, advertising paper, OA equipment paper, etc., generate a large amount of paper waste. It is the main cause of the increase. Furthermore, vinyl chloride containing vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride as chemical components are usually mixed in plastic waste, and these plastic wastes that need to avoid chlorine-based gas generation during incineration are treated as non-combustible materials. It was often handled and sent to landfill, which also increased the amount of waste at the final landfill site. Further, although paper waste is normally burnt, it requires a large space for storage because it is bulky in volume.

On the other hand, looking at the conventional waste disposal equipment, most of the disposal equipments such as disposers, incinerators, and freezers are disposal equipments for food waste, and there is no effective means for plastics and papers. However, a practical waste treatment device for them is still in a state that is not yet available on a general-purpose level, and it has been a problem to realize it at an early stage.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and can be used with a simple structure and easily for wastes having a relatively low water content such as papers and plastics generated in homes, offices, offices, etc. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment device suitable mainly for household use.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an outer cylinder container, a waste container housed in the outer cylinder container, and a bottom and a side peripheral portion of the waste container to surround the outer container. The waste container is provided with a bag body housed in a cylindrical container, an air pressure feeding means for pressure-feeding air into a space formed between the outer cylindrical container and the bag body, and a lid. It is composed of a plurality of cylinders whose diameters are gradually reduced toward each other, and these cylinders slide with their side walls in contact with each other to make the internal volume between the bottom of the dust container and the lid variable. In addition, a guide portion for guiding the tubular body so that the sliding operation of the tubular body is smoothly performed is provided on the inner surface of the outer tubular container.

[0008]

OPERATION The method for treating the dust having a relatively small amount of water such as the plastic dust and the paper dust by using the dust treating device of the present invention will be explained.

First, a dust container having a relatively small amount of water such as plastic dust and paper dust is put into the dust container, and the lid is closed. Next, air is pressure-fed from the air pressure feeding means into the space formed between the outer cylinder container and the bag body. Air pressure acts on the bottom of the waste container via the flexible bag, forcibly sliding each cylinder of the waste container to reduce its internal volume, and the bottom of the waste container and the lid. Compress trash between and. As the internal volume of the waste container changes, the internal waste is easily compressed and the volume is greatly reduced. At this time, by providing the guide portion, the sliding movement of the dust container becomes extremely smooth, so that the compression volume of the dust can be reliably reduced. This compression step may be repeated multiple times. In this way, the amount and volume of waste can be reduced with an extremely simple structure and operation.

[0010]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of essential parts showing a first embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a dust container, which has a plurality of cylindrical bodies 1a, 1b, 1 whose diameters are sequentially reduced downward.
c and 1d are configured to be able to expand and contract by sliding while contacting the side walls with each other, and as a result, the internal volume becomes variable.
The uppermost tubular body 1a is provided with an outward flange 32 at the upper end, and an inward flange pedestal 2a at the upper end of the outer tubular container 2 described later.
It can be placed on top. The lowermost tubular body 1d is a bottom tray formed in a bottomed tubular shape, and is housed in the third tubular body 1c, and an inward flange 33 at the lower end thereof is free to move upward and not downward. It is supported. The second-stage tubular body 1b and the third-stage tubular body 1c relative to the uppermost-stage tubular body 1a and the second-stage tubular body 1b are supported so as to be freely movable upward and downward, respectively. Has been done.
Plastic, paper or the like is put into the inside of the waste container 1 configured as described above. The dust container 1 is preferably made of a plastic material, but other than this, an FRP material, a metal material, or the like can also be used.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer cylindrical container, and reference numeral 3 denotes a lid body that opens and closes when taking in and out dust. Both of them and the dust container 1 have a structure having a mechanical strength enough to resist the force applied to the portion. Further, the lid 3 is a mechanism (not shown) that can be closed against the force from the inside formed by the outer cylinder container 2.
Have. Reference numeral 4 denotes a bag body provided between the outer cylinder container 2 and the waste container 1. The bag body 4 is locked by a lid 3 on a pedestal 2a formed at the upper end of the outer cylinder container 2, and the end portion is exposed to the outside. .. Although it is made of a flexible plastic material, it can be made of a rubber material. 5 is a packing for keeping the airtightness inside. Reference numeral 8 is an air pump used as air pressure feeding means, 9 is a suction port, and 10 is a discharge port.

The outer cylinder container 2, the bag body 4, the airtight space 12 formed by the packing 5, and the air pump 8 constitute a compression mechanism utilizing air pressure. Exhaust ports 6 and 7 are formed in the lid 3 so that the internal air at the time of compression is released to the outside. Reference numeral 11 denotes a guide portion for preventing the dust container 1 from tilting when sliding and expanding and contracting to ensure a smooth movement, and as shown in FIG. 2, it is a circle along the outer wall of the dust container 1. Multiple locations are provided in the circumferential direction. The guide portion 11 is not limited to this configuration, and may have a ring shape.

Next, the operation will be described. Garbage such as plastic or paper is put into the garbage container 1 and the lid 3 is closed. Next, the air pump 8 is operated. Air is sucked in through the suction port 9 and introduced into the airtight space 12 through the discharge port 10.
Then, the bag body 4 is compressed from the outside and pressed against the dust container 1, and further pushes up the dust container 1. Due to the force, the plurality of cylinders 1a, 1b, 1c of the waste container 1
1d slides while contacting the side walls with each other and contracts upward. At this time, the dust contained in the dust container 1 is compressed between itself and the lid 3, and the volume thereof is reduced. When the waste container 1 is contracted, the air inside it is exhausted from the exhaust ports 6 and 7.
Is discharged from the container. At this time, if the guide portion 11 is not installed, the container tilts depending on how to put dust in the dust container 1 and the sliding end twists the wall surface to worsen the movement, and the compression and volume reduction of dust may become insufficient. The guide portion 11 is provided to prevent this situation. In this way, a reduction in the amount of waste can be achieved very easily. When the set pressure at the time of pressurization is reduced, a high-pressure type fan can be used instead of the air pump 8. Here, the set pressure at pressurization is 0.2 kg /
cm ² and the lateral cross-sectional area of the waste container 1 is about 300 cm
^Since it is ² , a high compression force of 60 kg in total can be exerted. The set pressure can be further increased, and when the air pump 8 is used, the above 20
It is possible to generate a doubling compression force, and it is also possible to increase the pressure by using an air compressor. Therefore, it is possible to select an appropriate compression force in a wide range according to the purpose, but the above compression force is sufficient when targeting general dust, and from the viewpoint of equipment safety and special pressure resistance. The above-mentioned setting is advantageous in that the configuration is unnecessary and an inexpensive configuration is possible.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Here, description of the components common to FIG. 1 is omitted. Reference numeral 22 denotes an outer container, which is a waste container 1
The diameter of the guide portion 11 is gradually reduced downward so that the guide portion 11 in FIG. The operation is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the essential portions showing the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, in order to compress and reduce the volume of plastic waste, a hot air generating unit P is constituted by a blowing means and a heating means, and the hot air generated here heats and softens the plastic waste before It is processed and then compressed. The unit P also functions as the lid body 3 in the first and second embodiments and also serves as the lid body.

Reference numeral 45 is a fan used as a blowing means, and 46 is an electric heater used as a heating means, and both constitute a hot air generating unit P. Reference numeral 47 is a temperature detector for controlling the temperature of hot air.
It is unnecessary when using a self-temperature control type.
Further, here, an oxidation catalyst layer is formed on the front surface of the electric heater 46 to have a deodorizing function. Reference numeral 48 is a hot air outlet formed of a large number of through holes, and 49 is an inlet. These are integrally fixed and provided on the upper part of the outer case 44.

Reference numeral 32 denotes an outer cylindrical container, which is opened upward and is provided with packing 35 on its upper part. Reference numeral 34 denotes a bag body made of a heat resistant material, which is made of a heat resistant plastic sheet material here. The frame body 43 is a frame body, and is pushed into the inside of the bag body 34 to sandwich the bag body 34 with the packing 35 and fix the bag body 34 to the upper portion of the outer cylindrical container 32. The frame body 43 has a U-shaped cross-section, the hollow portion faces the suction port 49, and the air passage port 43a is provided in the bottom portion. The dust container 31 is suspended on the rising portion inside the frame body 43.

The dust container 31 includes a plurality of cylinders 31a, 31b, 31c having different diameters and a plurality of ventilation holes 31e.
It is composed of a casing 31d serving as a bottom plate having the above, and is configured such that the inner volumes thereof can be varied by sliding while contacting side walls with each other. Further, the side wall height of the bottom plate 31d is set smaller than the side wall heights of the other cylindrical bodies 31a, 31b, 31c. As described above, the multi-node structure allows expansion and contraction, and as a result, the internal volume becomes variable. Put plastic waste inside this. Reference numeral 41 is a guide portion for preventing the dust container 31 from tilting when it expands and contracts. The guide portion 41 can also be configured to achieve its purpose by utilizing the shape of the outer cylindrical container 32 as shown in the second embodiment. Although the dust container 31 is made of a heat-resistant plastic material, an FRP material, a metal material, or the like can be used instead.

Reference numeral 38 is an air pump used as an air pressure feeding means, which sucks the outside air from the suction port 39 and discharges it from the discharge port 40 by the outer cylinder container 32 and the bag 34.
The air is pumped into the inside of the container 2 and pressurized from the outside of the bag body 34, and the dust container 31 is compressed upward. The bag body 34 constitutes the airtight space 42 in this manner, and moisture adhering to the plastic dust contained in the dust container 31,
When the inner surface is soiled by a plurality of treatments or when a part of the inner surface is damaged and the airtightness of the airtight space 42 cannot be maintained, the frame body 43 is not supported. It is designed for easy removal and replacement. The air pump 38 may be attached to the outer case 44 and communicated with the air chamber 42 by an elastic hose.

As in the first and second embodiments, a high-pressure fan can be used instead of the air pump 38 when the set pressure during pressurization is reduced. The same applies to the set pressure at the time of pressurization.

As described above, the outer cylinder container 32 and the packing 3
5, the bag body 34, the frame body 43, the dust container 31, and the air pump 38 constitute a compression unit Q, and the entire vertical movement mechanism 5
Fixed on 0. Hot air generating unit P and compression unit Q
Is operated by moving the vertical movement mechanism 50, and when the hot air generating unit P and the compression unit Q are joined, the hot air from the hot air generating unit P is inside the dust container 31 and the dust container 31 and the bag. The space 52 formed between the body 34 and the body 34 is configured to circulate as a passage. The compression unit Q including the vertical movement mechanism 50 can be pulled out to the left side in the drawing by the wheel 51, and is used when, for example, throwing in dust.

Next, the operation will be described. First, pull out the compression unit Q to collect plastic waste in the waste container 3
Put in 1. After that, the unit Q is attached to the outer case 44
It is pushed in and the vertical movement mechanism 50 is operated to join it to the hot air generating unit (lid) P.

Next, the electric heater 46 is energized to raise the temperature and simultaneously the fan 45 is operated. The generated hot air is blown out from the hot air outlet 48, is supplied to the inside of the waste container 31, heats the injected plastic waste, and the waste container 3 is provided from the air port 31e provided at the bottom of the waste container 31.
1 out of 1. The discharged air passes through the space 52 and the air passage 43a of the frame 43, is sucked by the fan 45 again from the suction port 49, becomes hot air, and circulates inside and outside the dust container 31. In this way, the garbage container 31
The temperature of the plastic waste that has been put inside is increased by being heated. The heating temperature of the plastic waste is controlled while detecting the temperature by the temperature detection supply 47 provided near the hot air outlet 48. The higher the set temperature when heating plastic waste, the more advantageous it is because the processing time is shortened, but if chlorine-based plastic (for example, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, etc.) is mixed in the input waste,
Care must be taken because they decompose thermally and generate harmful gases such as chlorine. Approximately 1 to avoid it
Although 30 ° C is suitable, a range of 100 to 140 ° C can be recommended. The compression operation is started when the temperature of the plastic waste in the waste container 31 rises and reaches the above temperature range. In this embodiment, air pressure is used for the compression operation. When air pressure is used, a large compression force can be obtained with a small pressure, and this is an advantageous method from the viewpoint of safety and the like.

First, when the air pump 38 is started, outside air is introduced from the suction port 39 through the discharge port 40 into the airtight space 42 and is pressurized. The air pressure causes the bag body 34 to begin to contract, pushing up the bottom of the waste container 31 and
1 is compressed in the vertical direction to reduce its internal volume. At the same time, the dust contained in the dust container 31 is also compressed. At this time, the plastic waste has its elasticity significantly reduced as the internal temperature rises and is softened or partially melted.
It is easily compressed as the internal volume of the dust container 31 changes, and the volume is greatly reduced. Further, since the guide portion 41 is provided, the dust container 31 can be smoothly moved up and down without tilting when the dust container 31 is expanded and contracted. This compression step may be repeated multiple times during heating. When heated, the elasticity of plastic waste decreases, but it does not completely disappear. Therefore, when the compressive force is released at this time, the remaining elasticity causes some expansion and the compression ratio (height after treatment / height before treatment) increases. In order to avoid it, it is necessary to perform cooling while maintaining this compressed state. The cooling may be natural cooling, but if a fan 45 or a dedicated cooling fan (not shown) is used, the processing time becomes short. In this way, the plastic waste shrinks and solidifies to a state where the volume is greatly reduced, and the processing ends. The compact plastic waste is pulled out of the compression unit Q, taken out of the waste container 31, and discarded.

In the present invention, the waste container 31 is made up of the three-stage cylindrical body 3
Since it is composed of 1a to 31c and the cylindrical body 31d as the bottom plate, the height of the compressed and solidified dust is restricted by the side wall height of the bottom plate 31d. To reduce the compression rate, the bottom plate 3
It is effective to make the side wall height 1d sufficiently smaller than the side wall heights of the cylindrical bodies 31a to 31c. With this configuration, in the present embodiment, the compression ratio can be set to about 1/7 in one treatment, and when plastic waste is newly stacked on it and treated a plurality of times, this value is further reduced to 1/1.
It becomes as small as 0 and 1/20, which is effective for weight reduction. Also,
The leftovers of food are often attached to the plastic waste. Therefore, an odor is then generated during heating. In this embodiment, since the catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the electric heater 46 to have a deodorizing function, the odorous components generated during the hot air circulation heating are purified and become odorless. In addition to this, an external exhaust port through which hot air circulates is installed, and a deodorizer is installed in the same section.
It is also effective to adopt a configuration in which deodorizing exhaust is performed from the exhaust port when the dust container 31 is compressed.

In this embodiment, the hot air generating unit P is fixed to the outer case 44, and the compression unit Q is moved when the dust is taken in and out. However, conversely, the compression unit Q is fixed and the hot air generating unit P is inside the lid. It is, of course, possible to have a structure in which the lid including the hot air generating unit P is opened and closed when the dust is taken in and out.

Further, the present invention is used as a general household waste disposal device, but is not limited to its application and can be effectively used for waste reduction processing in stores, small businesses, etc. can do.

[0028]

Industrial Applicability The present invention has an extremely simple structure and can easily and easily reduce the amount of dust such as plastic and paper. In addition, by using this device to reduce the amount of such waste, it is possible to reduce the waste storage space at homes and other places where waste is generated, and also save space in the landfill, which is the final treatment facility. It can contribute.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage container 1a-1d Cylindrical body 2 Outer cylinder container 3 Lid body 4 Bag body 8 Air pump (air pressure feeding means) 11 Guide part 22 Outer cylinder container 31 Garbage container 31a-31d Cylindrical body 32 Outer cylinder container 34 Bag body 38 Air pump (air pressure feeding means) 41 Guide part P Hot air generating unit (lid) Q Compression unit

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Jiro Suzuki, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An outer cylinder container, a waste container housed in the outer cylinder container, a bag body housed in the outer container so as to surround a bottom portion and a side peripheral portion of the waste container, and the outer cylinder. The dust container is provided with an air pressure feeding means for feeding air into a space formed between the container and the bag body, and a lid body, and the dust container is composed of a plurality of cylindrical bodies whose diameters are sequentially reduced downward. The cylinders slide while contacting the side walls with each other to make the internal volume between the bottom of the waste container and the lid variable, and the cylinder slides on the inner surface of the outer cylinder container. A waste treatment device provided with a guide portion for guiding the tubular body so that the operation is smoothly performed. 2. The waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outer cylindrical container has a guide portion having a shape in which a diameter is reduced downward along the shape of the waste container. 3. A hot air generating unit comprising a blower means and a heating means, and hot air from the hot air generating unit circulates as a passage through a space formed inside the dust container and between the dust container and the bag body. The waste disposal device according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured to do so.