JPH07144326A - Plastic refuse treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a plastic refuse treatment apparatus capable of reducing the volume of plastic refuse of an eating and drinking container or a packing material safely, sanitarily and efficiently by simple constitution and simple operation. CONSTITUTION:In a plastic refuse treatment apparatus equipped with an inner volume valuable refuse receiving container 5 receiving plastic refuse, a compression mechanism utilizing air pressure for forcibly changing the inner volume of the refuse receiving container 5 to reduce the volume of the received plastic refuse and a heating mechanism 8 producing hot air for facilitating the compression mechanism and having functions of external and internal circulating systems, a hot air blowoff port 10 is provided to the central part of a lid part and suction holes 12a for external circulation and suction holes 12b for internal circulation are arranged to the outer periphery of the lid part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended for plastic garbage such as plastic food trays, containers, bottles, packaging materials, etc. which are often generated in general households, fast food restaurants, cafeterias, supermarkets, stores, etc. The present invention relates to a plastic waste treatment apparatus suitable for small-sized business use or suitable for home use, which can be lightened and reduced in volume in a safe and hygienic place with a simple structure and simple operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastic waste such as plastic containers and packaging materials is bulky in volume, and it is said that, for example, 80% of wastes generated in general households are plastics. It is a general method that these treatments are carried out intensively in a treatment facility such as an incineration site or a landfill site by a collection vehicle that goes to a place for a predetermined time to collect them. In general households, it was necessary to store garbage until a predetermined date when collection was done, and to transport it to a predetermined place at the time when collection was done. Although the frequency of collection of plastic waste generated as a business of fast food stores, restaurants, supermarkets, stores, etc. is different, it is treated in the same way as ordinary households. In order to eliminate these inconveniences, some devices and methods have been proposed for treating waste at (near) the place where it is generated. Typical examples thereof include a heating and combustion method using a heater and gas, a heating and melting method, and a heating and melting method using frictional heat.
However, all of them are large in size and were suitable processing devices when a large amount of dust was generated. In supermarkets, it can be seen that collected plastic food trays, bottles, etc. are collected in one place and reused as recycled products, but the equipment is huge, and the recycling cost is also low. However, I haven't reached the point of meeting it yet.

For such plastic processing, a method of heating and compressing with hot air and air pressure has been applied. FIG. 3 shows a state of wind flow in an apparatus having only an external circulation path as a heating method. Here, 1 is a processing tank portion, and an outer container 2 having a flange, an outer container guide 3 serving as a bottom body of the outer container 2, a heat-resistant bag body 4 installed in the outer container 2, and a dust container 5 It consists of Bag 4
The dust container 5 is hermetically fixed by the flange portion of the outer container 2. The dust throwing cylinder 5 is composed of a plurality of body plates 5a assembled in a node shape and a bottom plate 5b so as to be expandable and contractible, and its internal volume is variable. The bottom plate 5b is provided with a plurality of holes 5c.
Put plastic waste inside this. Reference numeral 6 is an air supply hole attached to the outer container guide 3. A lid 7 is formed on the upper portion of the processing tank unit 1. A heater box 8 is provided at the center of the lid portion 7, and an electric heater 9 required for air heating is provided.
Is installed. At the bottom of the heater box 8, a hot air blowout hole 10 having a large number of openings is provided. Reference numeral 11 denotes a lid main body, which is provided with a plurality of air holes 12a on the outer peripheral portion thereof and serves as a return port for the blown external circulating hot air. Reference numeral 13 is an inner lid, and 14 is a circulation fan, which is attached between the heater box 8 and the inner lid 13. Reference numeral 15 is a temperature detector for controlling the hot air, and it is desirable that the mounting position is near the hot air blowing hole or near the hot air inlet to the dust throwing tube 5. Further, it is not necessary when the electric heater 9 of self-temperature control type is used. Reference numeral 16 is an air connection hole attached to the inner lid 13, and 17 is an upper lid. Reference numeral 18 is a lid packing for forming a predetermined hot air circulation path.

With such a structure, even if plastic waste is thrown into the waste container, if there is a gap, hot air will pass through it and the temperature of the plastic waste will rise and soften, thus facilitating compression. .

[0005]

By the way, in order to heat the entire plastic waste in the external circulation path, it is necessary that hot air passes through the gap to reach the bottom of the waste container and repeats circulation. Become. However, for example, when put in a plastic bag, the passage of hot air is blocked, heat transfer is deteriorated, and the heating rate may be extremely reduced.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional plastic waste processing apparatus, and plastics generated in business such as food and drink containers and packaging materials generated not only in general households but also in fast food restaurants, cafeterias, supermarkets, stores, etc. The object of the present invention is mainly to provide a small-sized plastic waste treatment device that can easily and safely reduce the weight and reduce the volume of garbage in a short time with a simple structure and simple operation. Is.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention allows hot air to pass through another path even if the external circulation path is blocked so that plastic dust can be heated smoothly. It has multiple circulation routes. That is, in addition to the basic external circulation path, an external circulation auxiliary path and an internal circulation path are provided to provide a plastic waste treatment device that always secures a hot air passage.

[0008]

The present invention provides a device for safely and hygienically treating plastic waste with the above-described structure and operation. In order to heat and compress the plastic waste, it is desirable that the entire waste be uniform at a predetermined temperature. For this purpose, heating in an external circulation path where hot air passes through the entire waste is ideal. However, with this method alone, the hot air passage may be interrupted depending on the state of injection of plastic dust. Therefore, in addition to the main external circulation path, an external circulation auxiliary path and an internal circulation path are provided, and if the external circulation path is cut off, if there are multiple circulation paths, hot air will flow to another path. Since there is a passage on the side of the waste container provided as an external circulation auxiliary path and a suction hole for internal circulation of the upper lid, the hot air continues to circulate without stopping. It should be noted that the external circulation auxiliary route and the internal circulation route should be closed while the external circulation route is open. It is desirable to have such a system.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of a plastic waste processing apparatus according to the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a processing tank portion, which is an outer container 2 having a flange, an outer container guide 3 which serves as a bottom body of the outer container 2, a heat-resistant bag body 4 provided in the outer container 2, and a dust container 5. It consists of The bag body 4 and the dust input cylinder 5 are hermetically fixed by the flange portion of the outer container 2. The dust throwing cylinder 5 is composed of a plurality of body plates 5a assembled in a node shape and a bottom plate 5b so as to be expandable and contractible, and its internal volume is variable. Each of the body plate 5a and the bottom plate 5b is provided with a plurality of holes 5d and 5c. Put plastic waste inside this. Reference numeral 6 is an air supply hole attached to the outer container guide 3. A lid 7 is formed on the upper portion of the processing tank unit 1. A heater box 8 is provided at the center of the lid 7, and an electric heater 9 required for heating air is installed. At the bottom of the heater box 8, a hot air blowout hole 10 having a large number of openings is provided. Reference numeral 11 denotes a lid main body, which has a plurality of air holes 12a and 12b on its outer peripheral portion and serves as a return port for the hot air blown out. 12a is for external circulation, and 12b is located closer to the center and is for internal circulation. Reference numeral 13 is an inner lid, and 14 is a circulation fan, which is attached between the heater box 8 and the inner lid 13. 15
Is a temperature detector for controlling the hot air, and the mounting position is preferably near the hot air outlet or near the hot air inlet to the dust throwing tube 5. Further, it is not necessary when the electric heater 9 of self-temperature control type is used. Reference numeral 16 is an air connection hole attached to the inner lid 13, and 17 is an upper lid. Reference numeral 18 is a lid packing for forming a predetermined hot air circulation path. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lock mechanism that keeps the processing bath section 1 and the lid section 7 closed during operation, and serves to ensure the sealing performance with the processing bath section 1 as well as work safety. Reference numeral 20 is a handle for opening and closing the lid 7. Reference numeral 21 denotes a support member for the processing tank portion 1 and the lid portion 7, which is composed of a base 22 and a column 23. The outer container guide 3 is fixed to the base 22,
The lid 7 is fixed to the column 23 by a hinge 24. Reference numeral 25 denotes a damper mounted between the support member 21 and the lid portion 7, which automatically opens when the lock mechanism 19 is removed and is smoothly overlapped and locked with the processing tank portion 1 when the lock mechanism 19 is closed. The opening / closing operation of the portion 7 is facilitated by attaching the damper 25.

Reference numeral 26 is an air control unit, 27 is a plurality of decompression pumps 27a and 27b used for decompressing the air in the dust throwing cylinder 5, and the respective suction holes are hermetically connected to each other to establish an air connection. A hole 16 and a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant pneumatic tube 28 are connected to the discharge hole of the decompression pump 27a. The discharge hole of the other decompression pump 27b is connected to the air supply hole 6 attached to the outer container guide 3. When the set pressure is small, the centrifugal fan can be used instead of the decompression pump 27 to decompress the air in the bag 4 that covers the dust throwing cylinder 5. Here, the set pressure when decompressing is -0.1 to -0.3 kg.
It is set to f / cm ² . The set pressure can be increased further. Therefore, although it is possible to select an appropriate depressurized state in the dust throwing cylinder 5 according to the purpose, the above depressurization is sufficient when targeting ordinary plastic dust, and from the viewpoint of equipment safety, special The above setting is advantageous in that a withstand voltage configuration is unnecessary and an inexpensive configuration is possible. 29 is a pneumatic tube similar to 28. Reference numeral 31 is a cooling device provided in the middle of the pneumatic tube of air for shortening the cooling time and further for reducing the temperature load due to the inflow of heated air into the decompression pump 27. Reference numeral 30 denotes a control circuit unit that controls the electric heater 9, the circulation fan 14, the decompression pump 27, and the like, and is configured so that it can be attached to the support member 21 or to another place in consideration of installation space, operability, and the like. There is.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the bag body 4 is attached along the flange portion of the outer container 2, and then the charging cylinder 5 is set in the bag body 4.
At this time, the decompression pump 27a is operated to decompress the air outside the bag body 4 and bring the bag body 4 into close contact with the outer container 2. By this preparatory work, the insertion cylinder 5 can be easily set. This work is only necessary when the bag is replaced, and is usually unnecessary. Regarding the operation of the processing, first, the lid 7 is opened and the plastic dust is put into the dust throwing pipe 5. Then, the lid 7 is closed and the heater is operated. That is, the electric heater 9 is energized to turn on the heater box 8.
And the circulation fan 14 is operated at the same time.

The generated hot air is blown out from the hot air blowing hole 10 and is supplied to the dust throwing cylinder 5, which heats the plastic dust thrown inside, and throws the dust from the air hole 5c provided in the bottom plate 5b of the dust throwing cylinder 5. It is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 5. The discharged air passes between the bag body 4 and is sucked by the circulation fan 14 through the external circulation air hole 12a of the lid body 11 and is sent to the heater box 8 to become hot air again, and the dust throwing tube 5 It will circulate in the inner space.

If a large amount of plastic waste is thrown in, or if there is no space in the waste and hot air cannot be discharged from the air holes 5c provided in the bottom plate 5b of the waste throwing cylinder 5, as shown in FIG. First, the hot air circulates in the dust throwing cylinder 5, passes through the internal circulation air hole 12b of the lid body 11, is sucked by the circulation fan 14, and similarly circulates in the space inside the dust throwing cylinder 5. In addition, part of the internal air is also discharged to the outside from the air hole 5d of the side plate 5a of the dust throwing cylinder 5.
In this way, a circulation path for hot air is formed inside and outside the dust throw-in cylinder 5. The heating temperature of the plastic dust is controlled so as to fall within a predetermined temperature range while detecting the temperature of the hot air by the temperature detector 15 provided near the hot air outlet.

[0016] When the temperature of the plastic dust in the dust throwing cylinder 5 rises and reaches a predetermined temperature zone, the inside of the bag body covering the inside of the dust throwing cylinder is depressurized. In this embodiment, decompressed air is used for compressing dust. The use of depressurized air makes it possible to obtain a compressive force by a differential pressure, which is also an advantageous method from the viewpoint of safety and the like. First, when the decompression pump 27b is started, the dust throwing cylinder 5 is in a depressurized state because the air inside is discharged. Due to the differential pressure generated there, the bag body 4 is pressed against the dust throwing cylinder 5, and further the bottom plate 5b of the dust throwing cylinder 5 is pushed up, and the node portion of the dust throwing cylinder 5 slides due to the force, and the bag itself shrinks. Reduce the internal volume. At the same time, the dust put in the dust throwing cylinder 5 is also compressed. At this time, since the plastic dust is softened or partly melted due to the temperature rise inside, the plastic dust is easily compressed with a change in the internal volume of the dust throwing cylinder 5, and the volume is greatly reduced. This compression step may be repeated multiple times during heating. At this time, the decompression pump 27b discharges the air in the bag body and blows the discharged air from the outer container guide 3 to the outside of the bag body 4, whereby the compression function of the movable charging cylinder 5 can be further enhanced. . In this state, the plastic waste is naturally cooled,
Although it is sufficient to take out and discard the plastic waste that has contracted and solidified and whose volume has been greatly reduced, the air pressure of the discharged air is reduced in order to shorten the cooling time and further reduce the temperature load due to the inflow of heated air into the decompression pump 27. A cooling device 31 is provided in the middle of the pipe 28, and when the cooling device 31 is blown from the outer container guide 3 to the outside of the bag body 4, it becomes cooled air, which accelerates the cooling of the processing object in the throwing-in cylinder 5, so that processing can be performed in a short time. It will be possible. In order to take out the contracted and solidified plastic dust, immediately after the operation of the decompression pump 27b is stopped, the dust can be easily taken out by opening the lid because the dust is on the upper surface of the dust throwing cylinder. If the processed material is left as it is for several hours (one day and night), the inside of the charging cylinder is at atmospheric pressure, the bottom of the charging cylinder moves downward by its own weight, and it becomes difficult to take out dust. At that time, the bottom portion 5b of the throw-in cylinder is pushed up to move the dust to the upper surface of the throw-in cylinder 5, and the dust may be taken out. To this end, of the plurality of decompression pumps 27a and 27b, air is blown by the operation of the decompression pump 27b to generate a pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the bag body 4, and the bag body 4 is moved to the movable charging cylinder 5. The bottom plate 5b may be pushed up and further pushed up.

The present invention is intended for plastic waste such as food and drink containers, packaging materials, etc., which are often generated in general households, fast food restaurants, cafeterias, supermarkets, stores, etc.
A plurality of decompression pumps 27a, 2 are used to move the movable charging cylinder 5.
It is performed by operating and stopping 7b. It has a simple structure, simple operation, and can be lightened and reduced in volume in a safe and hygienic place where dust is generated. It is a processing device.

The external circulation auxiliary passage or the internal circulation passage is normally closed, and the external circulation auxiliary passage or the internal circulation passage is opened only when the external circulation passage is cut off. It's horrible.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above description,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention efficiently heats plastic waste such as food and drink containers and packaging materials, and forcibly contracts the waste container, so that it is extremely simple and hygienic, not only when there is little waste, but also when there is much waste. It can handle plastic waste lightly.

Further, by using this device to reduce the amount of plastic waste, it is possible to reduce the space for storing waste at the place where the waste is generated, and also to save space in the landfill, which is the final treatment facility. It can contribute.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of a plastic waste processing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of wind during internal circulation and external circulation assistance when the external circulation path is cut off.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wind flow in an external circulation path of a conventional plastic waste treatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Processing Tank Section 4 Bag Body 5 Waste Input Cylinder 7 Lid Section 8 Heater Box 14 Circulating Fan 19 Lock Switch 21 Supporting Member 25 Damper 26 Air Control Section 27 Decompression Pump

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number FI Technical indication B09B 3/00 303 E (72) Inventor Kunihiro Ukai 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. ( 72) Inventor Masayoshi Kubo 4-6-1, Minoshima, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kyushu Matsushita Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Harakawa 4-62, Minojima, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Kyushu Matsushita Electric Co., Ltd. Within

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waste container having a variable internal volume for containing plastic waste, and compression using air pressure for forcibly changing the internal volume of the waste container to reduce the volume of the plastic waste contained. A mechanism and a heating mechanism for generating hot air for heating the plastic waste are provided, and a blowout hole for the hot air is provided in the center of the lid of the waste container, and is provided at the bottom of the waste container for external circulation. A circulation hole is arranged, and further, on the outer periphery of the lid of the dust container, a suction hole for hot air that circulates mainly inside and outside the dust container, and mainly circulates inside the dust container. A plastic waste treatment device comprising a hot air suction hole and an external circulation path and an internal circulation path. 2. The plastic waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hot air circulation path is also provided on a side surface of the waste container as an auxiliary path of the external circulation path.