JPH10128751A - Apparatus for reducing volume of waste plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized lightweight waste plastic material vol. reducing apparatus capable of preventing not only the radiant heat from an oxidizing part to the surface of the apparatus main body but also the spreading of the high temp. exhaust gas discharged from a vol. reducing device to the periphery of the apparatus and capable of performing safe exhaust treatment. SOLUTION: A waste plastic material vol. reducing apparatus 1 is equipped with a discharge passage 12 discharging a part of the high temp. gas circulating through a hot air circulating passage 11, the blower 7 provided to the hot air circulating passage 11, a heating part 8 heating said gas and the oxidizing part 14 provided to the discharge passage 12 to oxidize exhaust gas. The oxidizing part 14 is provided to the space between a heat insulating container 21 and a treatment container 2 and the transmission of the heat generated from the oxidizing part 14 to the outside can be prevented by the heat insulating container 21 and a mixing cooling part 26 mixing the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge passage with low temp. air is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste plastic material reducing apparatus for heating and softening waste plastic materials such as styrofoam generated in homes, offices, shops and the like to reduce the volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of waste has been discharged from homes, business establishments, stores, and the like, resulting from a shortage of processing facility capacity such as incineration and landfill, and an increase in processing costs including collection and transportation. Measures are urgent. As a countermeasure, reducing the amount of waste is a fundamental solution, but the use of recycled resources is extremely effective. Above all, waste plastic materials are attracting attention as a target for recycling because the raw materials are petroleum, a valuable energy resource, and they do not rot even if they are landfilled and are bulky. Among them, Styrofoam is particularly frequently used as a distribution container because of its light weight, cushioning property, low cost, etc., and since there is no substitute material at present, it is strongly desired to recycle and reuse it. It is rare. However, when the styrofoam and the like are collected and collected at one place for recycling, there is a problem that the bulky bulk increases the transportation cost, which raises the overall recycling cost. For this reason, home,
2. Description of the Related Art A volume reduction processing apparatus has been proposed which is installed in a place where waste plastic material is generated, such as a business place or a store, to reduce the volume thereof. This volume reducing device softens styrene foam or the like by heating to form a volume reduced solid. The reduced solids thus obtained are collected by a trader and recycled at a recycling plant. However, this apparatus for reducing the volume of styrofoam or the like by heating requires heating until the styrofoam or the like softens.
Since it is heated to about 0 ° C, exhaust gas containing flammable gas such as butane gas contained in styrene foam etc. is generated with odor, which is not only unpleasant but also unsafe during volume reduction treatment. Consideration was needed.

Therefore, the following technology (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-274114) has been proposed as an improvement of the volume reduction processing apparatus. In this technique, exhaust gas generated when a waste plastic material is heated is burned by a catalyst and is to be discarded from an outlet.

[0004]

However, the waste plastic material volume reducing device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-274114 discloses a system in which the exhaust gas to be discharged is burned by a catalyst and oxidized to oxidize the device. Along with the shell surface temperature increasing, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the oxidizing section also increased in temperature. Therefore, when operating this volume reduction processing apparatus, there is a problem that it is necessary to pay attention to the surface of the main body and the position of the exhaust port.

Therefore, the present invention solves the conventional problems by preventing radiant heat from the oxidized portion to the outer surface of the apparatus and preventing the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the volume reduction apparatus from spreading around the apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact and lightweight waste plastic material volume reducing device capable of performing safe exhaust treatment.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the waste plastic material reducing apparatus of the present invention is provided with an oxidizing section in a space between the heat insulating container and the processing vessel, and heat generated from the oxidizing section is provided. The transmission to the outside is prevented by the heat insulating container.

Thus, radiant heat from the oxidizing section to the outer surface of the device can be prevented, and high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the volume reduction device can be prevented from spreading around the device, thereby performing safe exhaust treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a small and lightweight waste plastic material volume reducing device that can be installed in a store such as a supermarket.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a processing container provided with an opening / closing lid and capable of softening waste plastic material inside, a heat insulating container provided around the processing container, A pressurizing unit provided on the bottom side of the processing container to pressurize and reduce the volume of the waste plastic material that has started to soften, and a hot air circulation path that communicates with the processing container and circulates a high-temperature gas for softening the waste plastic material. A discharge path communicating with the hot air circulation path and discharging a part of the high-temperature gas circulating in the hot air circulation path; a blower provided in the hot air circulation path and a heating unit for heating the gas; The passage is provided with an oxidizing unit for oxidizing exhaust gas to be discharged, and the oxidizing unit is provided in a space between the heat insulating container and the processing container, so that heat generated from the oxidizing unit is transmitted to the outside. Insulated containers It because it is waste plastic material compaction apparatus, characterized in that to prevent the heat generated from the oxidation section is blocked by the heat insulating container be radiant, never heat to the outside is transferred.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, since the discharge path is provided also in the heat insulating container, heat radiated from the discharge path is blocked by the heat insulating container and transmitted to the outside. Never be.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, since a mixing and cooling unit is provided for mixing the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge passage with the low-temperature air, the exhaust gas is mixed with the low-temperature air. The temperature can be lowered by dilution.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the mixing and cooling unit is provided with an exhaust fan for introducing outside air, a predetermined amount of outside air having a low temperature can be sucked and mixed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the mixing is performed a plurality of times by the mixing and cooling unit, so that the mixing speed can be increased and the mixing length can be shortened.

[0013] The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that the exhaust gas and the low-temperature air are mixed after the mixing / cooling unit exchanges heat with the discharge path, so that the exhaust gas can be cooled in two stages. .

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a waste plastic material volume reducing device, which is provided with a heat insulating container 21 therein, and a processing container 2 which is accommodated in the heat insulating container 21 to cover the periphery thereof and store and soften the waste plastic material 22. Have been. This heat insulating container 21
Is set to 160 ° C. by using the O-ring elastic body 5.
The structure is such that hot air circulated by being heated to a certain degree does not leak out of the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1. Processing container 2
Is provided with an appropriate number of side outlets 18 for hot air. The inside of the processing container 2 and the inside of the heat insulating container 21 communicate with each other. Is provided. The opening / closing lid 6 is opened when the waste plastic material 22 is charged into the processing container 2, and is closed and closed when the stored waste plastic material 22 is softened in the processing container 2 and subjected to volume reduction processing. Further, a pressurizing unit 3 that reciprocates up and down is provided on the bottom side of the processing container 2,
The waste plastic material 22 which has been softened by a high-temperature gas of about 160 ° C. is sandwiched between the open / close lid 6 and pressurized to reduce the volume. The pressurizing section 3 includes a piston 25 which is reciprocated by the pressurizing actuator 4 and directly pressurizes the waste plastic material 22. The pressurizing actuator 4 is a rubber balloon-like air bag that can be extended and retracted, and is expanded by compressed air sent from an air pump 20 to expand the piston 2.
5, the volume of the waste plastic material 22 is reduced, and thereafter, when the exhaust valve 13 is opened, the air accumulated inside is exhausted, whereby the pressurizing section 3 returns to the original position. Reference numeral 7 denotes a blower, which has a blowing capacity of about 250 liters / minute, and has a hot air circulation path 1 communicated with the processing vessel 2.
1 circulates a high-temperature gas through the processing container 2. The space formed between the inside of the heat insulating container 21 and the outside of the processing container 2 and the hot air circulation path 11 are communicated with each other, and constitute a circulation path in which hot air is repeatedly circulated.

The hot air circulation path 11 is provided with a heating section 8 for heating the circulating gas and a temperature sensor 9 such as a thermistor near the hot air discharge port 10. In the first embodiment, an electric heater that can be easily controlled is used as the heating unit 8. The temperature of the high-temperature gas detected by the temperature sensor 9 is transmitted to the control unit 24, and the control unit 24 controls the heating unit 8 to adjust the temperature of the high-temperature gas to a temperature range of about 160 ° C. Reference numeral 12 denotes a discharge path, which is provided with an oxidizing section 14 for oxidizing the exhaust gas to perform flameless combustion. Oxidation part 1
4 is provided with an oxidation catalyst 15 for promoting the oxidation of the exhaust gas heated by the catalyst heating section 16 and a processing gas temperature sensor 17 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the device through the exhaust pipe 23.

The operation of the waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIG. The opening / closing lid 6 is opened, and the waste plastic material 22 is put into the processing container 2. Next, the opening / closing lid 6 is closed and closed, and the blower 7 is energized by a command from the control unit 24 to start blowing,
Subsequently, the heating section 8 is energized to heat the circulating gas to make it a high-temperature gas. The heating temperature at this time is about 160 ° C., the temperature sensor 9 detects this, and this detection signal is sent to the control unit 24.
And the control unit 24 controls the inside of the processing container 2 to be maintained at a predetermined temperature. The high-temperature gas becomes hot air and is discharged from the hot air discharge port 10 into the processing vessel 2,
The waste plastic material 22 put in the inside is heated and softened. After heating the waste plastic material 22, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the side discharge port 18, flows through the space between the inner surface of the heat insulating container 21 and the outer surface of the processing container 2, reaches the suction port of the blower 7, and circulates hot air. It is circulated again into the processing vessel 2 through the path 11. That is, the hot gas is circulated through the circulation path. Then, a part of the high-temperature gas is branched to the discharge path 12 and
The catalyst is heated by the catalyst heating section 16 and is oxidized by the oxidation catalyst 15 so as to be flamelessly burned and odorless and harmless.

Since the waste plastic material 22 in the processing vessel 2 is softened when heated at a high temperature, the exhaust valve 13 is closed and the air pump 20 is operated in the softened state to cause the pressurized actuator 4 composed of an air bag or the like to operate. Pump air. Then, the piston 25 rises in the direction of the opening / closing lid 6, and compresses the waste plastic material 22 in the processing container 2 with the opening / closing lid 6 to reduce the volume. Thereafter, the exhaust valve 13 is opened, the air accumulated inside is exhausted, and the pressurizing unit 3 is returned to the original position by gravity.

By the way, the exhaust gas discharged is oxidized part 14
The temperature rises to about 350 ° C. when passing through.
Since the heat is radiated by radiation from the surface, the waste plastic material is not discharged at the same temperature at least. However, when the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 is installed in a store such as a supermarket, the discharged exhaust gas reduces the device. It is necessary to avoid high temperatures in the surroundings.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, the oxidizing section 14 for radiating heat is arranged in the space between the processing container 2 and the heat insulating container 21 and the exhaust pipe 23 forming a part of the discharge passage 12 is insulated. By providing the inside of the container 21, heat transfer to the main body surface of the waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus 1 due to radiant heat from the oxidizing section 14 and the exhaust pipe 23 can be reduced, and the temperature of the apparatus main body can be prevented from rising. Further, the heat exchange between the exhaust pipe 23 and the heat insulating container 21 can reduce the exhaust temperature of the exhaust gas to be exhausted, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas can be prevented from spreading around the apparatus, and a safe exhaust process can be performed. it can.

(Embodiment 2) Next, Embodiment 2 in which the temperature of exhaust gas is cooled by a mixing cooling section provided on the downstream side of the discharge passage 12 will be described. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a waste plastic material reducing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a top sectional view of a waste plastic material reducing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a waste plastic material volume reducing device, 2 is a processing container, 3 is a pressurizing unit, 4 is a pressurizing actuator, 5 is an O-ring elastic body, 6 is an opening / closing lid, 7 is a blower, 8 is a heating unit, 9 is Temperature sensor, 10 is a hot air discharge port, 11 is a hot air circulation path, 12 is a discharge path, 13 is an exhaust valve, 14 is an oxidizing section,
15 is an oxidation catalyst, 16 is a catalyst heating section, 17 is a processing gas temperature sensor, 18 is a side discharge port, 19 is a gas flow path, 20
Is an air pump, 21 is a heat insulating container, 22 is a waste plastic material, 23 is an exhaust pipe, 24 is a control unit, and 25 is a piston. The members denoted by the same reference numerals as those described in the first embodiment are basically the same, and the description is omitted here.

In FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, reference numeral 26 denotes a mixing / cooling unit, which comprises an exhaust fan 27, an exhaust cover 28, a flow dividing plate 29 and the like. The exhaust fan 27 is an axial flow fan, which ventilates the air inside the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 by replacing the outside air with the outside air to ventilate and prevent heat from being trapped inside. Although the outside air has been described here, the gas to be ventilated may be any low-temperature air that can be discharged around the apparatus including the outside air. A cutout or an opening is formed in the flow dividing plate 29 to divert a part of the outside air discharged by the exhaust fan 27. The flow dividing plate 29 has a length approximately equal to the width of the exhaust fan 27 and has a length shorter than the width of the exhaust cover 28.
The exhaust cover 28 covers the surface of the main body of the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1, and has therein the distal end portion of the exhaust pipe 23 and the flow dividing plate 29.
And the internal space is a mixing cooling space for mixing the exhaust gas and the outside air. Further, the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 is provided with a discharge opening large enough to allow outside air discharged from the exhaust fan 27 to pass therethrough. Therefore, the outside air discharged from the exhaust fan 27 is discharged into the mixed cooling space inside the exhaust cover 28 through the discharge opening. Reference numeral 30 denotes an intake cover, which forms an outside air introduction passage for taking in outside air into the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1. The suction cover 30 covers the surface of the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 and sucks in from the lower side of the cover.
Outside air is introduced into the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 through a slit formed on the surface of the device at the upper end.

The operation of the waste plastic material reducing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment will be described below. When the volume of the waste plastic material 22 is to be reduced by the waste plastic material reduction device 1, the open / close lid 6 is opened and the waste plastic material 22 is put into the processing container 2. Next, the opening / closing lid 6 is hermetically closed and the blower 7 is energized under the control of the control unit 24 to start blowing. Subsequently, the gas that has been circulated by energizing the heating unit 8 is heated to be a high-temperature gas. At this time, the heating temperature is 1
At about 60 ° C., this is detected by the temperature sensor 9 and a detection signal is sent to the control unit 24 to control the temperature to be maintained at a predetermined temperature. This high-temperature gas becomes hot air and is discharged from the hot-air discharge port 10 into the processing container 2, and heats and softens the waste plastic material 22 charged into the processing container 2.

Subsequently, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the side discharge port 18 into the heat insulating container 21. Since the heat insulating container 21 is provided with the oxidizing unit 14, the heat generated from the oxidizing unit 14 is received and sucked from the suction port of the blower 7, and is circulated again into the processing container 2 through the hot air circulation path 11. You. A part of the high-temperature gas is branched into the discharge path 12 and heated by the catalyst heating unit 16 of the oxidizing unit 14, then oxidized by the oxidation catalyst, burns without flame, and is made odorless and harmless.

Incidentally, as described above, when the exhaust gas passes through the oxidizing section 14, the temperature rises to about 350 ° C. Since the gas is radiated to the outside, at least the open gas passing through the inside is not discharged at the temperature of 350 ° C. by radiating the heat. By the way, since the oxidizing part 14 is provided in the heat insulating container 21, the radiated heat is exchanged with the high temperature gas in the heat insulating container 21 whose temperature is slightly lowered,
It will be reused as a heat source for the circulated hot gas. However, performing only such heat exchange has a limit to heat exchange unless another configuration for promoting heat exchange is provided. Moreover, the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1 according to the second embodiment.
Can be installed in, for example, a store such as a supermarket. In such a case, it is necessary to prevent local heat generation around the apparatus due to the influence of exhaust gas.

In the second embodiment, the exhaust gas discharged from the oxidizing section 14 is sent to the mixing and cooling section 26 through the exhaust pipe 23. Exhaust fan 2 of mixing cooling section 26
After the outside air is sucked from the lower side of the intake cover 30 by the operation of 7, the air is sent into the inside through the slit of the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1. The sucked outside air cools while cooling around the heat insulating container 21 installed in the waste plastic material volume reducing device 1, and exhaust gas 2
3 is also cooled by heat exchange. After performing the heat exchange, the outside air is sucked by the exhaust fan 26 and discharged into the exhaust cover 28 while indicating a turning state. In addition, since the exhaust fan 27 is used to introduce the outside air, it is easy to control the rotation speed to a predetermined value, and the control for the cooling is extremely performed only by calculating the amount of the outside air necessary for cooling the exhaust gas. It will be easier.

By the way, inside the exhaust cover 28, a flow dividing plate 29 is provided.
Is provided so as to block a part of the flow, and since a notch or an opening is formed in the flow dividing plate 29, the discharged outside air is partially branched downward from the notch or the opening. The remaining outside air turns spirally and finally flows toward the periphery of the distal end of the exhaust pipe 23 to form a flow surrounding the distal end. This surrounding flow and the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust pipe 23 become a shear flow and are mixed by diffusion. Thus, the exhaust gas is diluted and cooled by mixing with the outside air. The mixed flow further flows down, but is mixed again with the flow diverted through the notch or opening of the flow dividing plate 29, and further dilution is performed. By the way, since it is easy to adjust the mixing amount of the outside air with respect to the amount of the exhaust gas, it is possible to easily lower the exhaust gas temperature of the exhaust gas. For this reason, the exhaust gas discharged from the volume reduction device does not increase the temperature around the device. Further, in the second embodiment, the mixing is performed again by the flow dividing plate 29. However, a single mixing requires a considerable mixing distance until the mixing is completely completed.
In (2), the mixing is performed a second time, so that the mixing speed becomes faster and the mixing distance is shorter. By performing the mixing twice or more in this manner, the mixing is promoted. Although not shown here, it is more effective if a flow straightening plate is provided below the exhaust pipe 23 to guide the flow in the mixing direction. As described above, in the second embodiment, safe exhaust treatment can be performed, and the exhaust can be installed in a store such as a supermarket.
A lightweight waste plastic material volume reducing device can be provided.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, in the waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus of the present invention, the oxidizing section for flameless combustion of the exhaust gas is provided between the heat insulating vessel and the processing vessel, so that the heat generated from the oxidizing section is radiated. Accordingly, the heat can be prevented from being directly transmitted to the outside of the waste plastic material volume reducing device by the heat insulating container, and an increase in the temperature of the device body can be suppressed.

Further, since a mixing and cooling unit is provided for mixing the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge passage with the low-temperature air, the temperature can be lowered by mixing and diluting the exhaust gas with the low-temperature air. In the case where an exhaust fan for introducing outside air is provided in the mixing and cooling unit, a predetermined amount of outside air can be sucked and mixed, so that control for cooling becomes extremely easy. Further, the mixing by the mixing cooling unit can be performed a plurality of times, the mixing speed can be promoted, and the mixing distance required for the mixing can be shortened. Further, after heat exchange with the exhaust passage by the introduced outside air, the exhaust gas and low-temperature air can be mixed and cooled, so that the exhaust gas can be cooled in two stages.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top sectional side view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front sectional side view of a waste plastic material volume reducing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste plastic material volume reduction apparatus 2 Processing container 3 Pressurization part 4 Pressurization actuator 5 O-ring elastic body 6 Opening / closing lid 7 Blower 8 Heating part 9 Temperature sensor 10 Hot air discharge port 11 Hot air circulation path 12 Exhaust path 13 Exhaust valve 14 Oxidizing unit 15 Oxidizing catalyst 16 Catalyst heating unit 17 Processing gas temperature sensor 18 Side discharge port 19 Gas flow path 20 Air pump 21 Insulated container 22 Waste plastic material 23 Exhaust pipe 24 Control unit 25 Piston 26 Mixing cooling unit 27 Exhaust fan 28 Exhaust cover 29 Shunt plate 30 Suction cover

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A processing container provided with an opening / closing lid and capable of softening waste plastic material inside, a heat insulating container provided around the processing container, and a waste plastic provided on the bottom side of the processing container and being softened. A pressurizing unit that pressurizes and reduces the volume of the material, a hot air circulation path that communicates with the processing vessel and circulates a high-temperature gas for softening the waste plastic material, and a circulation path that communicates with the hot air circulation path and the hot air circulation path An exhaust path for discharging a part of the high-temperature gas to be heated, a blower provided in the hot air circulation path and a heating unit for heating the gas, and the exhaust path includes an oxidizing unit for oxidizing exhaust gas to be discharged. A waste plastic, wherein the oxidizing unit is provided in a space between the heat insulating container and the processing container, and the heat generated from the oxidizing unit is prevented from being transmitted to the outside by the heat insulating container. Volume reduction devices. 2. The apparatus for reducing volume of waste plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the discharge path is also provided in the heat insulating container. 3. A waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a mixing cooling section for mixing exhaust gas discharged from the discharge path and low-temperature air. 4. The apparatus for reducing volume of waste plastic material according to claim 3, wherein the mixing and cooling unit is provided with an exhaust fan for introducing outside air. 5. The waste plastic material volume reducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the mixing by the mixing and cooling unit is performed a plurality of times. 6. The exhaust gas and low-temperature air are mixed after the mixing and cooling unit exchanges heat with the discharge path.
6. The waste plastic material volume reducing device according to any one of items 1 to 5.