JPH1072727A - Hollow three component conjugate fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hollow three component conjugate fiber capable of sufficiently satisfying lightening of fiber, improvement in softness of surface and tension/rigidity by single fiber at the same time. SOLUTION: This conjugate fiber has a hollow part passing in the fiber axial direction on the cross section of a fiber. The periphery of the hollow part is provided with a first, a second and a third polymer components in the following constitution of (a), (b), (c) and (d). (a) The first polymer component 1 is positioned so as to enclose the hollow part, (b) the second and the third polymer components 2 and 3 are positioned in a mixed state in the circumference of the first polymer component 1. In the operation, (c) the second polymer component 2 is present as a linear material, one end of the linear material forms at least the outer periphery face of the fiber and the other end is bonded to the first polymer component 1. (d) The third polymer component 3 is bonded in >=70% the length of circumference on the whole to the peripheral face of the first polymer component 1 while being divided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hollow three-component conjugate fiber, and more particularly, to a lightness due to a high hollowness ratio, a soft touch due to ultrafineness and fineness randomly distributed on the fiber surface, a high tension and waist, and the like. The present invention relates to a hollow three-component composite fiber suitable for providing a fabric having resilience.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are many proposals for improvement of polyester fiber, especially for improvement of texture in clothing use.
As typified by silk-like, the properties that surpass some natural fibers have been made by the proposal of the modified cross-section technology, the different shrinkage mixed fiber technology, the different fineness mixed fiber technology, and the like.

[0003] In recent years, even higher requirements for fibers have become noticeable. To meet these demands, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-124807 discloses a proposal for the purpose of imparting a lightweight and dry feel to polyester fibers. This proposal shows a fiber having a hollow section and a polygonal cross section having sharp vertices. Due to such a shape, it is possible to reduce the weight of the polyester fiber, improve the tension and waist, and further improve the dry texture. However, the fibers have disadvantages such as insufficient surface soft feeling and a large amount of polymer to be eluted and removed in order to give the soft feeling.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-305217 proposes a proposal aimed at reducing the weight of polyester fiber products, improving the softness of the surface, and improving the tension and stiffness. In this proposal, the fineness of the fiber surface and the fineness of the hollow fiber are obtained from the same yarn, so that the lightness is improved, but the softness, the tension and the waist are still insufficient.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a single fiber that simultaneously satisfies the weight reduction of fibers and the improvement of surface softness and tension and stiffness which cannot be simultaneously satisfied by the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a hollow three-component composite fiber.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to simultaneously satisfy the three requirements of weight reduction of fiber, softness of surface, and tension and waist.
A hollow ternary composite fiber having a cross section of 3
It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be achieved for the first time by setting the bonding / mixing state between components to a specific state.

That is, according to the present invention, the following hollow three-component composite fiber is provided.

(1) A cross section of the fiber has a hollow portion penetrating in the fiber axis direction, and the first, second and third polymer components are surrounded by the following components (a) and (b): A hollow three-component conjugate fiber, which is arranged in the configurations of (c) and (d).

(A) the first polymer component is located surrounding the hollow portion, and (b) the second and third polymer components are:
(C) the second polymer component exists as a linear body, and at least one end of the linear body forms an outer peripheral surface of the fiber; Is bonded to the first polymer component, and (d) the third polymer component is bonded to 70% or more of the circumference as a whole while being divided on the peripheral surface of the first polymer component.

(2) The hollow ternary composite fiber according to the above (1), which has a hollow ratio of 10 to 40%.

(3) The proportion of the first polymer component is 20 to 80% by weight based on all components, and the equivalent fineness is 1 to 5 d.
3. The hollow ternary composite fiber according to the above 1 or 2, which is e.

(4) The proportion of the third polymer component is 15 to 75% by weight based on all components, and the equivalent fineness is 1.5 d.
e. The hollow three-component composite fiber according to any one of the above 1 to 3, which is equal to or less than e.

(5) The ratio of the second polymer component is third
The hollow 3 according to any one of the above 1 to 4, wherein the content of the hollow polymer is 5 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the polymer component, and the alkali dissolution rate constant of the second polymer component is at least three times the constant of the third polymer component. Component conjugate fiber.

(6) The hollow three-component composite fiber according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein a part of the second polymer component is dissolved and removed by alkali.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow conjugate fiber obtained by dissolving and removing a second polymer component from the hollow ternary conjugate fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a spinning pack and a die for producing the hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 3 (joining state of the polymer flows of the first to third polymer components in the introduction hole of the lower metal plate), and FIG. -It is an arrow B 'view (discharge hole of a base plate).

1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a first polymer component, 2 denotes a second polymer component, 3 denotes a third polymer component, and 4 denotes a hollow portion.

In the cross section of the hollow ternary composite fiber shown in FIG. 1, there is a hollow portion (4) penetrating in the fiber axis direction substantially at the center of the cross section, and around the hollow portion (4), First
The polymer component (1), the second polymer component (2), and the third polymer component (3) are arranged as follows.
That is, the first polymer component (1) is located so as to surround the entire peripheral surface of the hollow portion (4), and the second polymer component (2) and the third polymer component (3) are located on the first polymer component. The second polymer component (2) is present in the form of a linear body, and at least one end of the linear body forms an outer peripheral surface of the fiber. The end is joined to the first polymer component. On the other hand, the third polymer component (3)
Is divided into the peripheral surface of the first polymer component and is bonded to 70% or more of the peripheral length as a whole.

Here, the second polymer component has a property that its alkali dissolution rate constant is at least three times the constant of the third polymer component. The alkali dissolution rate constant was measured by the following method.

Alkali dissolution rate constant: This is the dissolution rate constant obtained when a fiber prepared by independently spinning each component is heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 45 seconds and then boiled with a 35 g / 1 NaOH aqueous solution. Volume 14 Number 15
It was determined by the method described on page 0 (1958).

In the hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention,
As shown in FIG. 2, the second polymer component is dissolved and removed from the three-component conjugate fiber by alkali treatment in order to simultaneously reduce the weight, soft touch, and tension and stiffness. And a peripheral portion made of the third polymer component,
In the center, lightness, tension and waist are imparted, and at the periphery, soft touch, tension, and waist are imparted with ultrafine fineness and fineness distributed randomly.

The composite fiber of the present invention needs to have a hollow portion. The hollow portion referred to here may be any portion as long as the hollow portion exists within the fiber cross-section, and the position of the hollow portion is not particularly limited. It is preferably located at the center. The hollow ratio is a ratio of the area of the hollow portion to the cross-sectional area including the hollow portion calculated from the outer periphery of the fiber, and the hollow ratio is preferably 10 to 40%. If the hollow ratio is less than 10%, the lightness is insufficient. Conversely, if it exceeds 40%, the hollow portion tends to be easily crushed in the steps of yarn processing, weaving and the like, which is not preferable. The shape of the hollow portion is not particularly limited, but may be a circle, a triangle, a square, or any other polygon, but a circle is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the hollow portion.

The shape of the first polymer component in the fiber cross section is preferably circular, but may be polygonal for the purpose of imparting a feeling after the second polymer component is eluted. The fineness of the first polymer component has a preferable fineness range from the viewpoint of imparting tension and stiffness, and it is 1 to 5 De.
At the same time, the preferred composite ratio of the first polymer component is 20 to 80% by weight based on all components except the hollow portion.
If the composite ratio is less than 20% by weight, the shape stability after eluting the second polymer component tends to be poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by weight, even if the second polymer component is eluted, the fine feeling of the third polymer component and a random feeling due to the details cannot be obtained.

The second polymer component is present as a linear body in the cross section so that the fiber can be easily dissolved and removed by alkali treatment after processing the fiber into a fabric such as a woven fabric.
It is necessary that one end of the linear body forms at least the outer peripheral surface of the fiber and the other end is joined to the first polymer component. Further, it is preferable to have a constant which is at least three times larger than the alkali dissolution rate constant of the mixed third polymer component.

The composite ratio of the second polymer component is preferably 5 to 30% by weight based on the third polymer component. If the composite ratio is less than 5% by weight, the effect of improving the hand by elution of the second polymer component is insufficient. Conversely, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the yield of the woven fabric after the second polymer component is eluted is greatly reduced, and the tension and stiffness due to the third polymer component are unpreferably reduced.

By adjusting the mixing state of the third polymer component with the second polymer component during melt-kneading, after dissolution and removal of the second polymer component, a ria coast-like shape is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the fineness thereof is reduced. It is distributed from ultra-fine to fine, and therefore imparts a soft touch, tension and waist to the fiber fabric. In order to maintain the durability, the third polymer component is bonded to the first polymer component at 70% or more of the circumference as a whole while being divided on the peripheral surface of the first polymer component. is required. The composite ratio of the third polymer component is 15 to 75% by weight based on the total polymer excluding the hollow portion. If it is less than 15%, a soft touch feeling cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 75%, the shape stability after eluting the second polymer component becomes poor, resulting in poor durability.

Further, the fineness of the third polymer component having good feeling, tightness and stiffness is particularly preferably 1.5 De or less. The portion of 0.05 De or less is very effective for giving a soft feeling, and 0.5 to 1.5 De is particularly preferable for giving a firm and firm feeling and not giving a rough feeling. If the ultrafine size exceeds 0.05 De, a soft feeling is not obtained, which is not preferable. If the fineness is less than 0.5 De, the strength is insufficient. If the fineness exceeds 1.5 De, there is a problem that the soft feeling cannot be utilized and the rough feeling becomes strong.

The polymer constituting the hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, but polyester and polyamid can be preferably used, and a combination of polyesters, a combination of polyamides, and a combination of polyester and polyamide are preferred. Either is acceptable. For example, the following combinations are preferable. That is, polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with, for example, 10.0 mol% of isophthalic acid or 10.0 mol% of bisphenol A in order to impart high shrinkage to the fiber is used as the first polymer component. Polystyrene terephthalate obtained by copolymerizing 5-sodium isophthalate at 5 mol% is used as the second polymer component, and polyethylene terephthalate is used as the third polymer component.

One embodiment of the production of hollow ternary composite fibers from these polymers is illustrated in FIG. 3, in which the upper polymer base (6) in the spin pack packs the first polymer component into one polymer stream. And around it,
A random mixed polymer stream of the second polymer component and the third polymer component (this is referred to as a primary composite stream) is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the polymer flow of the first polymer component and the first composite flow are formed by the lower die plate (5), and the former is the core portion, and the latter is the sheath polymer flow (this is a secondary flow). To form a composite stream). This secondary composite stream is discharged from a discharge hole composed of four slits as shown in FIG.
Immediately after the discharge, the polymer streams collide and adhere to each other to form a hollow portion, whereby the hollow three-component composite fiber of the present invention is obtained.

Here, as a method of forming a random mixed polymer stream of the second polymer component and the third polymer component, each is melted and kneaded using a static mixer (7) shown in FIG. The degree of kneading can be greatly changed by adjusting the number of stages. The number of steps having both the feeling, the tension and the waist is preferably 4 to 8 steps. 4
If it is less than the step, kneading unevenness is excessively generated, and the variation in the yarn length direction is large, and the feeling is not preferable. If it exceeds 8 steps, it will be mixed too much, so that the feeling will be insufficient and the tension and waist will also be insufficient, which is not preferable.

The hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention is not only a multifilament but also a short fiber / spun yarn, and the improvement in tension and stiffness becomes clear. As described above, in both the case of the multifilament and the spun yarn, soft feel, tension, waist, and lightness can be exhibited by dissolving and removing the second polymer component after forming a fabric represented by a woven fabric.

[0034]

The hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention, whether multifilament or spun yarn, is formed by dissolving and removing the second polymer component after forming a fabric represented by a woven fabric. In the center part of the part and the first polymer component, it is possible to impart lightness, tension and waist, and in the peripheral part of the third polymer component, there is a mixture of ultrafineness and fineness, so that soft touch and Tension and waist can be provided. Therefore, a light-weight, soft-touch, stretchy and waisted fabric can be obtained as a total feeling, which is useful not only for clothing but also as an interior material.

[0035]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The evaluation method employed in this example is as follows.

(1) Hollow Ratio: A photograph of the fiber cross section with a magnification of 100 or more is taken, and the ratio (percentage) of the cross sectional area of the hollow portion corresponding to the cross sectional area of the entire fiber is determined.

(2) Fineness of first and third polymer components:
Fiber cross-sectional photographs were taken by a transmission method, and the fineness of the first and third polymer components (single fiber fineness; d) was determined from the cross-sectional area.

(3) Average single-fiber fineness: The fineness of the third polymer component was determined by averaging 30 points because of the presence of an extra-fine fineness portion and a fineness portion.

(4) Hand evaluation: A spun yarn using the fiber of the present invention was used as a spun yarn, and the spun yarn was used for a warp and a weft, and the woven density was adjusted so that the basis weight after the weight reduction processing was the same. Make it. Weight reduction processing was performed until the second polymer component was substantially dissolved, and further a dry heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 5 minutes. The obtained woven fabric was subjected to a sensory evaluation and evaluated on a four-point scale. (Good ← ◎ ○ △
× → bad).

[Example 1] Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.695 obtained by copolymerizing 6% by mole of isophthalic acid and 4.0% by mole of bisphenol A was used as a first polymer component, and 5% sodium sulfoisophthalate was used. 4.
5 mol% copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.60 was used as the second polymer component, and polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 was used as the third polymer component. When the number of stages of the static mixer at the time of random mixing of the second polymer component and the third polymer component was six, five composite streams 1 were produced for one final discharge hole. Further, a composite stream 2 was prepared in which the five composite streams described above centered on the first polymer component were evenly arranged around the first polymer component. The composite stream 2 was discharged from an annular slit composed of four slits, wound up, stretched, and evaluated as a woven fabric. Table 1 shows the characteristics and the evaluation results.

Example 2 A test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hollow ratio was changed by changing the slit shape of the discharge hole. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[Examples 3 to 7] Levels in which the fineness of the first polymer component was changed (Examples 3 and 4), levels in which the fineness of the second polymer component was changed (Examples 5 and 6), and the third level A test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the level (Example 7) in which the fineness of the polymer component was changed was changed. Table 1 shows the characteristics and evaluation results.

Example 8 A test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the kneadability of the second polymer component and the third polymer component was changed. The properties and evaluation results were as described in Table 1.

[0044]

[Table 1]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow three-component composite fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow conjugate fiber obtained by dissolving and removing a second polymer component from the hollow ternary conjugate fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a spin pack and a die for producing the hollow ternary composite fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA ′ in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB ′ in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: First polymer component 2: Second polymer component 3: Third polymer component 5: Lower base plate 6: Upper base plate 7: Static mixer 4: Hollow portion

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cross section of a fiber has a hollow portion penetrating in the fiber axis direction, and the first, second and third polymer components are surrounded by the following components (a), (b) and (b). A hollow three-component conjugate fiber, which is arranged in the configurations of c) and (d). (A) the first polymer component is located surrounding the hollow portion; and (b) the second and third polymer components are located mixedly around the first polymer component. c) the second polymer component is present as a linear body, one end of the linear body forming at least a fiber outer peripheral surface, and the other end is joined to the first polymer component; The polymer component of No. 3 is
While being divided into the peripheral surface of the first polymer component, the entirety is bonded to 70% or more of the peripheral length. 2. The hollow three-component composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the hollow ratio is 10 to 40%. 3. The hollow ternary composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the first polymer component is 20 to 80% by weight based on all components and the equivalent fineness is 1 to 5 de. 4. The hollow three-component composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the third polymer component is 15 to 75% by weight based on all components and the equivalent fineness is 1.5 de or less. . 5. The proportion of the second polymer component is 5 to 30% by weight based on the third polymer component, and the alkali dissolution rate constant of the second polymer component is three times the constant of the third polymer component. The hollow three-component composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is the above. 6. The hollow 3 according to claim 1, wherein a part of the second polymer component is removed by dissolution in alkali.
Component conjugate fiber.