JP4033566B2 - Lightweight polyester fiber - Google Patents
Lightweight polyester fiber Download PDFInfo
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- JP4033566B2 JP4033566B2 JP32937698A JP32937698A JP4033566B2 JP 4033566 B2 JP4033566 B2 JP 4033566B2 JP 32937698 A JP32937698 A JP 32937698A JP 32937698 A JP32937698 A JP 32937698A JP 4033566 B2 JP4033566 B2 JP 4033566B2
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- fiber
- styrene
- polyester
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- lightweight
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ポリエステル繊維内に多数の微細な空洞を有し、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0以下である軽量ポリエステル繊維に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、軽量感を有する布帛を得るために、ポリエステルやポリアミド等の合成繊維に中空部を設けることが行われてきた。例えば、特開昭62−215032号公報には、中空率が40〜90%の高中空率の繊維が提案されている。しかしながら、このような高中空率の繊維は、製糸工程、高次加工の工程中に繊維の断面形状が変形したり、繊維壁が破れるという欠点があった。
【0003】
このような問題を解決するものとして、特開平8−226009号公報には、繊維の長さ方向に沿って連続した孔径0.14μm以上の中空部を少なくとも11個有し、かつ単糸繊度が0.4〜5デニールの多孔型中空繊維が記載されている。
しかしながら、このような多孔型の中空繊維では、長さ方向に連続した中空部を形成させるためには、特別な紡糸口金や紡糸口金パックが必要であり、また、繊維断面の外径が小さい糸では中空部の数を多くすることができず、十分な軽量性を有する繊維とすることはできなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上述の問題点を解決し、特別な紡糸口金や紡糸口金パックを必要とせず、製糸工程、高次加工の工程中においても繊維の変形や繊維壁の破断が生じることがなく、品位、糸質物性(強度、伸度等)ともに優れた軽量のポリエステル繊維を提供することを技術的な課題とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために検討した結果、本発明に到達した。すなわち、本発明は、ポリエステル樹脂と分子量6万〜17万のスチレン・マレイミド樹脂からなるポリエステル繊維であって、ポリエステル樹脂の配合量が97〜70重量%、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の配合量が3〜30重量%で、微細空洞を有し、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0以下であることを特徴とする軽量ポリエステル繊維を要旨とするものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の軽量ポリエステル繊維は、単繊維内に多数の微細空洞を有しているものである。単繊維内に多数の微細空洞を有していることによって、見かけ比重が1.0以下の軽量繊維とすることができる。したがって、製糸工程、高次加工の工程中においても高中空繊維に見られる扁平化や中空割れが生じることがなく、優れた品位と物性を有し、製編織すると軽量感を有する織編物が得られる。また、空洞部の発現は、特別な紡糸装置、紡糸設備を使用することなく、従来の装置を用いた通常の製糸工程で得られることから、安価に製造できる。
【0007】
本発明のポリエステル繊維の各単繊維内に発現する微細空洞は、ポリエステル樹脂に対して非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂を混練、製糸することによって得られる。すなわち、これらの樹脂を溶融、混練し、紡糸した後、延伸を行う際にポリエステル樹脂とこれに非相溶の樹脂との間に剥離が生じ、単繊維内に多数の微細空洞部が発現するものである。
【0008】
本発明においては、ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂として、分子量6万〜17万のスチレン・マレイミド樹脂を用いる。スチレン・マレイミド樹脂とは、マレイミドとスチレンとの共重合体であり、効果を損なわない範囲であれば、他の共重合可能な単量体が共重合されたものでもよい。
スチレン・マレイミド樹脂としては、電気化学(株)製のMSN−12等が挙げられる。
【0009】
スチレン・マレイミド樹脂は分子量が6万〜17万のものとする。分子量が6万未満の場合、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂は単繊維内に分散され、単繊維内に発現する微細空洞部は多くなるものの、ポリエステル樹脂の配向、結晶化が阻害され、繊維の強伸度特性が低下したり、操業性が悪化する。一方、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の分子量が17万を超える場合では、単繊維内に生じる微細空洞部が少なくなり、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0を超え、本発明の目的とする軽量繊維が得られない。
【0010】
そして、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂は、ポリエステル樹脂に配合、混練して溶融紡糸することが好ましく、配合量は3〜30重量%とすることが必要である。スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の配合量が3重量%未満であると、単繊維内に発現する微細空洞が少なくなり、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0を超え、一方、配合量が30重量%を超えると、操業性が悪化したり、得られる繊維の強度が低下し、実用に適さないものとなる。
【0011】
本発明の軽量ポリエステル繊維に使用するポリエステル樹脂としては、ポリアルキレンテレフタレート、ポリアルキレンナフタレートであり、具体的にはポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)が好ましい。また、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲であれば少量の共重合成分を含有していてもよく、共重合成分としては、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸、イソフタル酸、無水フタル酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸成分、アジピン酸、セバシン酸等の脂肪族ジカルボン酸成分、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、ビスフェノールSのアルキレンオキシド付加物等のグリコール成分、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、ε−カプロラクトン等のヒドロキシカルボン酸成分が挙げられる。
【0012】
繊維の断面形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、丸断面、あるいは異型断面のものでもよく、さらに軽量性を付与するために、中空部を設けてもよい。ただし、この場合、中空壁の破断、単繊維の強度低下による操業性の悪化を防ぐために、中空率は15%以下とすることが好ましい。
【0013】
次に、本発明の軽量ポリエステル繊維の製造方法を説明する。
通常の紡糸装置を用い、270 〜290 ℃の温度でスチレン・マレイミド樹脂をポリエステル樹脂に溶融、混練する。スチレン・マレイミド樹脂は、ポリエステル樹脂と非相溶が故に、ポリエステル樹脂のポリマー中に分散される。
そして両者が混練されたポリマーを、紡糸温度280 〜300 ℃の温度で紡糸を行い、紡糸速度1000〜1500m/分で引き取り、未延伸糸を得る。
【0014】
得られた未延伸糸を一旦巻き取るか、又は巻き取ることなく連続して延伸速度400 〜800 m/分、温度70〜90℃、倍率2.5 〜3.5 で延伸を行い、延伸糸を得る。この時に、ポリエステル樹脂と非相溶であるスチレン・マレイミド樹脂に剥離が生じ、単繊維内に多数の微細空洞部が発現する。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に、実施例によって本発明を具体的に説明する。
なお、実施例における特性値の測定値は次の通りである。
(a)溶融粘度〔ηmelt〕
フローテスター島津CFT-500型を用い、280℃シェアレート1500sec−1で測定した値から求めた。
(b)強伸度
オリエンテック社製テンシロンRTC-1210を用いて行った。
(c)見かけ比重
繊維の見かけ比重は、JIS-L-1013 7.14.2項に定められた密度勾配管法に基づき測定した。
(d)操業性
24時間連続操業したときの切糸が3回未満のものを○、3回以上のものを×とした。
【0016】
実施例1
溶融粘度がηmelt:2500 poiseのPETに、電気化学社製のηmelt:24000poise、分子量12万のスチレン・マレイミド樹脂(MSN-12)を配合量10重量%となるように、溶融紡糸時に配合、混練し、通常の紡糸装置を用いてオリフィスの孔径0.3mm の紡糸口金から紡糸温度290 ℃、紡糸速度1200m/分で紡糸を行った。そして、150 d/36fの未延伸糸を一旦捲取った後、引き続いて延伸機のローラを85℃にして、延伸倍率3.0倍で延伸し、120℃で熱セット処理を行い、50d/36fのポリエステル繊維を得た。
【0017】
実施例2〜5 比較例1〜4
スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の分子量及び配合量を表1に示すように種々変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
【0018】
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜4で得られた繊維の強度、伸度、見かけ比重、操業性の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0019】
【表1】
【0020】
実施例6〜8
糸の断面の中心部付近に中空部が形成されるような紡糸口金を種々変更して用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして中空断面繊維を得た。
このとき、得られた繊維の中空率を下記の式で求めた。
断面中空率(%)=(A/B)×100
ただし、A:繊維軸方向に対して直角に切断して得られた繊維断面の中から任意に選び出した単糸の中空部の全面積
B:Aで選び出した単糸の中空部を含んだ全面積
得られた繊維の中空率、強度、伸度、見かけ比重、操業性の評価結果を表2に示す。
【0021】
【表2】
【0022】
表1、2から明らかなように、実施例1〜8の繊維は、実用上十分な強伸度を有し、見かけ比重が1.0以下であり、操業性よく得ることができた。中でも実施例6〜8の繊維は、中空部を有していたため、見かけ比重が小さく、軽量感に優れていた。
一方、比較例1の繊維はスチレン・マレイミド樹脂の分子量が小さすぎたため、強度、伸度ともに低いものとなった。比較例2の繊維はスチレン・マレイミド樹脂の分子量が大きすぎたため、単繊維内に生じる微細空洞部が少なくなり、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0を超え、軽量繊維が得られなかった。比較例3の繊維は、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の配合量が少なすぎたため、単繊維内に発現する微細空洞が少なくなり、繊維の見かけ比重が1.0を超えた。比較例4は、スチレン・マレイミド樹脂の配合量が多すぎたため、操業性が悪化し、得られた繊維は強度、伸度ともに劣り、実用に適さないものであった。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明の軽量ポリエステル繊維は、多数の微細空洞を有する見かけ比重が1.0 以下の繊維であり、特別な紡糸口金や紡糸口金パックを必要とせず、製糸工程、高次加工の工程中においても繊維の変形や繊維壁の破断が生じることがなく得ることができ、品位、糸質物性(強度、伸度等)ともに優れている。そして、製編織することによって、優れた軽量感を有する布帛を得ることが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lightweight polyester fiber having many fine cavities in the polyester fiber and an apparent specific gravity of the fiber of 1.0 or less.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to obtain a lightweight fabric, a hollow portion has been provided in a synthetic fiber such as polyester or polyamide. For example, JP-A-62-215032 proposes a fiber having a high hollow ratio with a hollow ratio of 40 to 90%. However, such a fiber with a high hollow ratio has a drawback in that the cross-sectional shape of the fiber is deformed or the fiber wall is broken during the yarn making process and the high-order processing process.
[0003]
In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-226209 has at least 11 hollow portions having a pore diameter of 0.14 μm or more continuous along the fiber length direction, and the single yarn fineness is 0.4. Porous hollow fibers of ˜5 denier are described.
However, such a porous hollow fiber requires a special spinneret or spinneret pack in order to form a continuous hollow portion in the length direction, and a yarn having a small outer diameter of the fiber cross section. However, the number of hollow portions could not be increased, and a fiber having sufficient lightness could not be obtained.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, does not require a special spinneret or spinneret pack, and does not cause fiber deformation or fiber wall breakage even during the yarn-making process and the high-order processing process. Therefore, it is a technical problem to provide a lightweight polyester fiber excellent in yarn physical properties (strength, elongation, etc.).
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of studies to solve the above problems. That is, the present invention is a polyester fiber comprising a polyester resin and a styrene / maleimide resin having a molecular weight of 60,000 to 170,000, wherein the compounding amount of the polyester resin is 97 to 70% by weight, and the compounding amount of the styrene / maleimide resin is 3 to The light weight polyester fiber is characterized in that it is 30% by weight, has fine cavities, and has an apparent specific gravity of 1.0 or less.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The lightweight polyester fiber of the present invention has a large number of fine cavities in a single fiber. By having many fine cavities in a single fiber, it can be set as a lightweight fiber with an apparent specific gravity of 1.0 or less. Therefore, flattening and hollow cracks seen in high hollow fibers do not occur even during the yarn making process and the high-order processing process, and it has excellent quality and physical properties, and when weaving and weaving, a woven or knitted fabric having a light feeling It is done. In addition, the hollow portion can be produced at low cost because it is obtained by a normal spinning process using a conventional device without using a special spinning device or spinning equipment.
[0007]
The fine cavities appearing in each single fiber of the polyester fiber of the present invention can be obtained by kneading and spinning a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin. That is, after these resins are melted, kneaded, spun, and then stretched, peeling occurs between the polyester resin and the incompatible resin, and a large number of fine cavities appear in the single fiber. Is.
[0008]
In the present invention, a styrene / maleimide resin having a molecular weight of 60,000 to 170,000 is used as a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin. The styrene / maleimide resin is a copolymer of maleimide and styrene, and may be copolymerized with other copolymerizable monomers as long as the effect is not impaired.
Examples of the styrene / maleimide resin include MSN-12 manufactured by Electrochemical Co., Ltd.
[0009]
The styrene / maleimide resin has a molecular weight of 60,000 to 170,000. When the molecular weight is less than 60,000, the styrene / maleimide resin is dispersed in the single fiber, and although there are many fine cavities appearing in the single fiber, the orientation and crystallization of the polyester resin are hindered, and the strong elongation of the fiber The characteristics deteriorate or the operability deteriorates. On the other hand, when the molecular weight of the styrene / maleimide resin exceeds 170,000, the number of fine cavities generated in the single fiber is reduced, the apparent specific gravity of the fiber exceeds 1.0, and the lightweight fiber targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained.
[0010]
The styrene / maleimide resin is preferably blended, kneaded and melt-spun into a polyester resin, and the blending amount needs to be 3 to 30% by weight. When the blending amount of the styrene / maleimide resin is less than 3% by weight, the number of fine cavities appearing in the single fiber is reduced, and the apparent specific gravity of the fiber exceeds 1.0. On the other hand, when the blending amount exceeds 30% by weight, the operation is started. The properties deteriorate, and the strength of the resulting fiber decreases, making it unsuitable for practical use.
[0011]
Polyester resins used in the lightweight polyester fiber of the present invention are polyalkylene terephthalate and polyalkylene naphthalate, and specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are preferable. In addition, a small amount of a copolymer component may be contained as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. As the copolymer component, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and phthalic anhydride are used. Acid component, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, glycol component such as diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol S, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, ε-caprolactone And the like, and the like.
[0012]
The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited, and may be a round cross-section or an atypical cross-section, and a hollow portion may be provided in order to impart light weight. However, in this case, the hollow ratio is preferably 15% or less in order to prevent the rupture of the hollow wall and the deterioration of the operability due to the decrease in the strength of the single fiber.
[0013]
Next, the manufacturing method of the lightweight polyester fiber of this invention is demonstrated.
Using an ordinary spinning device, styrene-maleimide resin is melted and kneaded into polyester resin at a temperature of 270 to 290 ° C. The styrene maleimide resin is dispersed in the polymer of the polyester resin because it is incompatible with the polyester resin.
The polymer in which both are kneaded is spun at a spinning temperature of 280 to 300 ° C. and taken up at a spinning speed of 1000 to 1500 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn.
[0014]
The obtained unstretched yarn is once wound or continuously stretched at a stretching speed of 400 to 800 m / min, a temperature of 70 to 90 ° C., and a magnification of 2.5 to 3.5 without being wound to obtain a stretched yarn. At this time, peeling occurs in the styrene / maleimide resin that is incompatible with the polyester resin, and a large number of fine cavities appear in the single fiber.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
In addition, the measured value of the characteristic value in an Example is as follows.
(A) Melt viscosity [ηmelt]
Using a flow tester Shimadzu CFT-500 type, it was determined from a value measured at a 280 ° C. share rate of 1500 sec-1.
(B) Tensile strength RTC-1210 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. was used.
(C) Apparent specific gravity The apparent specific gravity of the fiber was measured based on the density gradient tube method defined in JIS-L-1013 7.14.2.
(D) Operability When the thread was operated continuously for 24 hours, the thread was less than 3 times, and the thread was marked 3 times or more.
[0016]
Example 1
Blended and kneaded at the time of melt spinning so that the melt viscosity is ηmelt: 2500 poise, ηmelt: 24000poise made by Electrochemical Co., Ltd., and styrene-maleimide resin (MSN-12) with a molecular weight of 120,000 is blended to 10% by weight. Then, using an ordinary spinning device, spinning was performed from a spinneret having an orifice diameter of 0.3 mm at a spinning temperature of 290 ° C. and a spinning speed of 1200 m / min. Then, after the 150 d / 36 f unstretched yarn was picked up once, the roller of the drawing machine was set at 85 ° C., drawn at a draw ratio of 3.0 times, and heat-set at 120 ° C. to obtain a 50 d / 36 f Polyester fibers were obtained.
[0017]
Examples 2-5 Comparative Examples 1-4
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the molecular weight and blending amount of the styrene / maleimide resin were variously changed as shown in Table 1.
[0018]
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the strength, elongation, apparent specific gravity, and operability of the fibers obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
[0019]
[Table 1]
[0020]
Examples 6-8
A hollow cross-section fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that various spinnerets were used in which a hollow portion was formed near the center of the cross section of the yarn.
At this time, the hollow ratio of the obtained fiber was determined by the following formula.
Cross-sectional hollow ratio (%) = (A / B) × 100
However, A: the total area of the hollow portion of the single yarn arbitrarily selected from the fiber cross section obtained by cutting at right angles to the fiber axis direction B: the entire area including the hollow portion of the single yarn selected in A Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the hollowness ratio, strength, elongation, apparent specific gravity, and operability of the obtained fiber.
[0021]
[Table 2]
[0022]
As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the fibers of Examples 1 to 8 had a practically sufficient strength and elongation, an apparent specific gravity of 1.0 or less, and could be obtained with good operability. Among them, the fibers of Examples 6 to 8 had a hollow portion, so that the apparent specific gravity was small and the lightweight feeling was excellent.
On the other hand, the fiber of Comparative Example 1 had low strength and elongation because the molecular weight of the styrene / maleimide resin was too small. In the fiber of Comparative Example 2, since the molecular weight of the styrene / maleimide resin was too large, the number of fine cavities generated in the single fiber decreased, the apparent specific gravity of the fiber exceeded 1.0, and a lightweight fiber was not obtained. In the fiber of Comparative Example 3, since the blending amount of the styrene / maleimide resin was too small, the number of fine cavities appearing in the single fiber decreased, and the apparent specific gravity of the fiber exceeded 1.0. In Comparative Example 4, since the blending amount of the styrene / maleimide resin was too large, the operability was deteriorated, and the obtained fiber was inferior in strength and elongation, and was not suitable for practical use.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The lightweight polyester fiber of the present invention is a fiber having a large number of fine cavities and an apparent specific gravity of 1.0 or less, and does not require a special spinneret or spinneret pack. It can be obtained without deformation and breakage of the fiber wall, and is excellent in quality and yarn physical properties (strength, elongation, etc.). And it becomes possible to obtain the cloth which has the outstanding lightweight feeling by knitting and weaving.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP32937698A JP4033566B2 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 1998-11-19 | Lightweight polyester fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32937698A JP4033566B2 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 1998-11-19 | Lightweight polyester fiber |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2000154427A JP2000154427A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
JP4033566B2 true JP4033566B2 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP32937698A Expired - Fee Related JP4033566B2 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 1998-11-19 | Lightweight polyester fiber |
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JP (1) | JP4033566B2 (en) |
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JP4581428B2 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2010-11-17 | 東レ株式会社 | Light-weight blended fiber with excellent light-shielding properties, and fiber products made of the same |
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