JPH1066904A - Liquid ejector device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid ejector device by which impact pressure waves are generated in liquid, the impact waves are effectively utilized, and also furthermore, pressure is raised, and the pressure waves are propagated to an ejector nozzle so as to jet liquid by this energy, and moreover, to increase the degree of freedom of the relative position relation between a high pressure generating source and a discharge port. SOLUTION: This liquid ejector device has a pressurized chamber 32 having a liquid introducing port 35 and a discharge port 33, an ejector nozzle 41 for jetting liquid, a jetting path 15a for leading liquid to the ejector nozzle 41 from the discharge port 33 of the pressurized chamber 32, and an impact high pressure generating means 17 for giving impact pressure to liquid in the pressurized chamber 32. A valve means 25 constituted so that it is opened at a point of time when impact pressure propagated through liquid in the jetting path 15a reaches it is arranged near the ejector nozzle 41. In the pressurized chamber 32, a reflecting surface R for turning the impact pressure giving direction to liquid by the impact high pressure generating means 17 to the discharging port 33 direction is provided to form a high pressure wave proceeding route L in the shape of a piecewise line bent into the pressurized chamber 32, and the area of an opening of the discharging port 33 is made larger than the sectional area of the jetting path 15a near the ejector nozzle 41.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a liquid ejecting apparatus for ejecting a liquid by an impact high pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fuel supply pump for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-82266. In the fuel supply pump described in this publication, a positive displacement pump is formed using a piezoelectric element. A piston driven by a piezoelectric element (PZT actuator) is provided in a cylindrical cylinder, and the inside of the cylinder on the piston pressing surface side is provided. Is a pressurizing chamber, two ports, a fuel introduction port and a fuel discharge port, are opened at the cylindrical end on the side facing the piston, and both ports are provided with check valves.

In such a configuration, the volume is changed by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric element to drive a piston to move the piston to the pressurizing chamber side, thereby changing the volume of the pressurizing chamber to change the fuel in the pressurizing chamber. The pressure is increased and the fuel is pushed out from the discharge port. Thus, the pressure of the pressurized chamber fuel increases according to the piston movement amount, that is, the steady volume change amount of the piezoelectric element according to the voltage, and this pressurized fuel passes through the check valve of the discharge port. It is extruded and supplied to a high-pressure injector via a fuel pipe.

According to the technique disclosed in the above publication, the drive signal of the injector is controlled in consideration of the time lag from when the drive signal is input to the piezoelectric element to when the piezoelectric element actually changes in volume and reaches a required pressure. Thus, the injector is controlled in accordance with the pressure rise based on the amount of change of the piezoelectric element to a steady state after the volume change, thereby improving the injection characteristics.

[0005]

However, when the piezoelectric element is driven, a large shock pressure wave is generated immediately after the drive signal is input, and the pressure wave is attenuated while oscillating to reach a steady state pressure. The pressure of the shock pressure wave is sufficiently larger than the pressure when the volume change of the piezoelectric element reaches a steady state, but since it is a transient pressure, the liquid ejection using the conventional technology including the technology described in the above-mentioned publication is performed. The technology had not been developed.

That is, in the technology described in the above publication,
A discharge port is arranged at a position facing the piezoelectric element,
A very small portion of the high pressure wave generated on the piston surface reaches the check valve provided at the discharge port of the pressurizing chamber, but the high pressure wave generated on the piston surface not opposed to the discharge port is: Simply reciprocating between the constituent wall of the fuel pressurizing chamber and the piston surface, the damping does not reach the check valve provided at the discharge port. Therefore, most of the shocking high-pressure waves generated on the piston surface were not used for fuel injection.

In order to increase the degree of freedom of the mounting position of the piezoelectric element, if the discharge port is provided on the side of the pressurizing chamber which does not face the piezoelectric element, the pressurizing chamber is made longer than the piston stroke. A discharge port must be provided in the elongated portion, and the structure becomes large. Further, by merely providing a discharge port on the side surface of the pressurizing chamber, the shocking high-pressure wave generated from the piezoelectric element reciprocates between the piezoelectric element and the opposing wall surface, and gradually attenuates and disappears. Therefore, the high-pressure shock wave cannot be guided to the discharge port and cannot be effectively used.

In the present invention, since the energy of the instantaneously generated high-pressure wave is utilized, all of the generated high-pressure waves are used as effectively as possible, and the pressure is further increased to propagate large energy to the injection holes. It is desirable to make it.

In the technique described in the above publication, a very high pressure wave reaching the check valve is attenuated when the check valve is pushed and opened, so that it propagates through the fuel pipe and reaches the injection hole. However, fuel could not be injected at high pressure from the injection holes.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and generates an impulsive pressure wave in a liquid, effectively guides the shock wave to an injection hole, and jets the liquid by the energy of the shock wave. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection device to be used. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection device in which the relative positional relationship between the high-pressure wave generator and the discharge port is increased.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided a pressure chamber having a discharge port.
An ejection hole for injecting the liquid, an ejection passage for guiding the liquid from the ejection port of the pressurized chamber to the ejection hole, a liquid introduction port provided in the ejection passage or the pressurized chamber, And a reflecting surface for directing the direction of impact pressure applied to the liquid by the impact high pressure generating means toward the discharge port in the pressurized chamber. A liquid jet apparatus characterized in that a bent high-pressure wave traveling path is formed in the pressurized chamber, and the opening area of the discharge port is made larger than the cross sectional area of the jet passage near the jet hole. .

According to the above construction, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to, for example, a piezoelectric element constituting the shock high voltage generating section of the shock high voltage generating means is reflected in the pressurizing chamber and guided to the discharge port. By providing a reflecting surface and arranging the reflecting surface at an appropriate place in the pressurizing chamber, the degree of freedom of the layout of the high-impact high-pressure generating means can be increased. In addition, since the opening surface of the discharge port is large and has a reduced diameter portion whose sectional area gradually decreases in the direction of the injection hole, the pressure is further increased while the high-pressure wave travels through the reduced diameter portion. The high-pressure wave boosted in this way can be propagated in the injection passage without being attenuated as a high-pressure wave, energy loss on the way can be reduced, and high injection energy can be obtained. It becomes possible to jet toward. The energy of the high-pressure wave that has reached the injection hole is further increased in pressure by the injection hole having a small area, converted into kinetic energy of the liquid, and the liquid is injected from the injection hole. When the injection pressure is increased, the injection speed is increased, the injection flow is sufficiently atomized, and injection without unevenness is achieved.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a preferred embodiment,
The size of the injection hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the injection passage in a portion connected to the injection hole.

With this configuration, the high-pressure wave that has propagated through the injection passage and reached the injection hole has a higher pressure because the cross-sectional area of the injection hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the injection passage. The liquid can be jetted into the space of high pressure.

In a further preferred embodiment, the discharge port is provided at a position facing the high-pressure wave applying surface of the shocking high-pressure generating means, and a concave curved reflecting surface is provided around the high-pressure wave applying surface. An impact high-pressure wave radiated from the high-pressure wave application surface to the periphery thereof is reflected by the reflection surface and directed toward the discharge port.

With this configuration, it is possible to effectively propagate not only a pressure wave that goes straight from the high-pressure wave applying surface of the high-pressure generating means in a direction perpendicular to the surface but also a component of a pressure wave that diverges to the surroundings in the discharge direction. High-pressure waves with high energy can be obtained efficiently.

In still another preferred embodiment, the size of the high-pressure wave applying surface of the impact high-pressure generating means is smaller than the size of the opening surface of the discharge port.

According to this configuration, almost all of the high-pressure wave generated mostly from the high-pressure wave applying surface, which is a straight component, can be introduced into the discharge port without waste, and the high-pressure energy of the generated shocking high-pressure wave can be maximized. And high injection energy can be obtained.

[0019] In still another preferred embodiment, a reduced-diameter portion whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases in the direction of the injection hole is provided continuously with the discharge port.

With this configuration, the pressure of the high-pressure wave that has entered the discharge port is further increased while traveling through the reduced diameter portion, and high injection energy can be obtained.

In another preferred embodiment, a check valve is provided near the injection hole, and the check valve subtracts the downstream pressure from the upstream liquid pressure with the check valve as a boundary. It is characterized in that it is configured to be opened when the value is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

With this configuration, the check valve near the injection hole is
When the pressure difference before and after the valve is small, the valve is closed, and when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value, the valve is opened, and the liquid can be ejected at an ejection speed according to the pressure difference for the duration of the high pressure wave.

In still another preferred embodiment, valve means is provided in the vicinity of the injection hole, and valve driving means for opening the valve at the timing when the high pressure of the liquid reaches the valve means is provided. Features.

According to this configuration, the valve means of the injection hole is opened by the valve opening / closing means, and energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed to open this valve. Therefore, in the injection hole,
The impulsive high pressure is maintained as it is, and a high injection speed is obtained. Further, it becomes possible to inject the liquid into a space having a high pressure.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting means of a printing apparatus which ejects ink to supply ink to a printing substrate.

By using the ink jetting means of such a printing apparatus, the jetting speed can be increased and the printing speed can be increased since the ink jetting utilizes an impulsively high pressure. In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler.

In the fuel injection means of such a boiler, the fuel is injected by an impulsively high pressure, so that the injection speed of the fuel is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized. Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is characterized in that it is used as a lubricating oil supply means for an internal combustion engine that injects lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine.

As described above, since the lubricating oil is injected by using an impact high pressure by using the lubricating oil supplying means for the internal combustion engine, the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and the smooth engine drive can be performed. Achieved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injector is used as a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine that injects fuel directly into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

As described above, by using the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, the fuel is injected by using an impulsively high pressure, so that the fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel can be injected until just before ignition at the end of the compression stroke,
In addition, fuel can be reliably injected into a high-pressure combustion chamber where combustion is continued, such as a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injection device of the present invention is mounted on a fuel injection type internal combustion engine.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

[0035]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a four-cycle internal combustion engine to which a liquid injection device according to the present invention is applied. The engine 1 includes a cylinder head 2 forming an upper part of a combustion chamber, a cylinder block 3 forming a cylinder of the combustion chamber, and an oil pan 4 forming a crank chamber. A crankshaft 5 in the crank chamber is connected to a piston 8 via a crankpin 6 and a piston pin 7. An intake pipe 9 is provided in the cylinder head 2, and an intake valve 10 is attached to an end of the cylinder 9 so as to face a combustion chamber in the engine. In addition, cylinder head 2
, An exhaust pipe 11 is provided, and an exhaust valve 12 is attached to an end thereof. A spark plug 13 is mounted at the center of the cylinder head 2.

In this embodiment, an injector 14 for directly injecting fuel into the engine combustion chamber is provided facing the combustion chamber from the upper surface of the cylinder head 2. The injector 14 communicates via a fuel pipe 15 with a high-pressure generator 16 according to the present invention. The high-pressure generating device 16 includes an impact high-voltage generating source 17 composed of an electrostrictive means (piezoelectric element) described later. The high voltage generation source 17 is connected to a control circuit 18 and is driven and controlled at a predetermined timing. Fuel is introduced into the high-pressure generator 16 from a fuel tank 22 by a fuel pump 19 via a fuel supply pipe 21. 20 is a filter. Injector 14
Is connected to an air vent pipe 23, fuel is constantly supplied by a fuel pump 19, and air such as air and vaporized fuel inside the fuel pipe 15 and injectors is supplied to the fuel tank side having an air vent hole (not shown) at the top together with the fuel. Will be returned. Thereby, the fuel pipe 15 and the injector 1
Since the inside of the fuel tank 4 is filled with the fuel, the shock high-pressure wave reliably propagates, and the shock high-pressure wave collides with the portion immediately before the injection hole in the injector 14 to further increase the pressure.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above embodiment. The injector 14 includes a valve main body 24 having an injection hole 41 at a tip, and a valve 25 is mounted on the injection hole 41. The valve 25 is always biased in the closing direction by a spring 26. The fuel pipe 15 is connected to the injector 14 via a cap nut 27. An air vent port 28 is formed in the side wall of the valve body 24, and the air vent pipe 23 is connected to the air vent port 28. The air bleeding port 28 is provided not on the position facing the traveling direction of the shocking high-pressure wave but on the side surface in the traveling direction. Propagation in the direction.

As described later, the injector 14
When the shocking high-pressure wave propagates, it collides with the inner surface of the valve 25 and further rises in pressure. The valve 25 is pushed open by the energy against the spring 26, and fuel is injected. That is, when the pressure difference between the combustion chamber to be injected with fuel and the inside of the valve body 24 is smaller than a predetermined value corresponding to the spring 26, the valve 25 is kept closed. On the other hand, when the shock high pressure wave arrives and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the valve becomes larger than a predetermined value, the valve 25 is opened and fuel is injected. This injector 14 is connected to a high-pressure generator 16 via a fuel pipe 15.

The high-pressure generator 16 comprises, for example, a housing-shaped main body 31 having an internal space formed as a pressurized chamber 32. The main body 31 is mounted with a high-voltage generation source 17 made of, for example, a piezoelectric element described below, which faces the pressurizing chamber from one of the inner surfaces constituting the pressurizing chamber 32. This high pressure source 1
7 generates a shocking high-pressure wave in the pressurizing chamber 32
It applies impulsive pressure to the fuel inside. A reflection surface R of the high-pressure shock wave is formed on the inclined inner wall of the pressure chamber 32 of the main body 31 on the side facing the surface 17a for applying the high-pressure shock wave to the fuel in the pressurized chamber. The impact high-pressure wave is bent by 90 ° by the reflection surface R to form a bent reflection path L. The pressure chamber 32 faces the direction of travel of the high-pressure wave after the reflection.
The high pressure wave discharge port 33 opens. That is, the discharge port 33 is not at a position directly facing the high pressure generation source 17,
It is provided facing in a direction perpendicular to this. The fuel port 15 communicating with the injector 14 is connected to the discharge port 33. The internal passage of the fuel pipe 15 and the discharge port 33 at the end thereof constitute a high-pressure fuel injection passage 15a.

In the present embodiment, the range W1 of the opening surface of the discharge port 33 is equal to the area range W2 of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a.
The high-pressure generation source 1 is set so that the range of the high-pressure wave that travels via the reflection path L that is larger and bent 90 ° from the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a is included in the opening range of the discharge port 33.
7. The position, size, angle and the like of the reflection surface R and the discharge port 33 are determined in advance. The discharge port 33 is conically reduced in diameter in the traveling direction of the high-pressure wave, and is connected to the fuel pipe 15 at an end thereof.

With such a configuration, as will be described later, most of the shocking high-pressure waves generated from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a and having a straight component are reflected at a right angle on the reflecting surface R and opposed to the traveling direction after the reflection. Port 33 having a large range W1 including a range W2 of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a provided at a position where
Almost all of them enter. The pressure of the high-pressure wave that has entered the discharge port 33 is increased while advancing through the conical diameter-reduced portion that follows the high-pressure wave, and becomes higher energy and propagates through the injection passage 15a toward the injector 14. .

The high-voltage generation source 17 is connected to the control circuit 18 (FIG. 1) via a lead 30 via a sealing material 29. On the side surface of the cylindrical body 31 orthogonal to the impact high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure generation source 17, that is, the side surface perpendicular to the traveling direction in which the high-pressure wave before reflection is propagated, the fuel introduction port 35 is connected to the pressurizing chamber 32. It faces and opens. The fuel supply port 21 is connected to the fuel supply port 35 via a suitable means such as a cap nut (not shown).

In the fuel injection device having such a configuration,
When the fuel is filled in the pressurizing chamber 32, the high pressure
When a drive voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element (not shown), an impulsive high-pressure wave is generated at the moment when the piezoelectric element changes its shape.

The operation of generating the high pressure wave is as follows. First, the shape of the piezoelectric element changes at the moment of voltage application, and the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a moves to the pressure chamber side. This instantaneous movement presses the liquid (fuel) particles in the pressurized chamber 32. However, since the liquid particles try to maintain a static state by inertia, a large pressure is imposed on the fuel in the pressurized chamber 32. Occur. The shocking high-pressure wave travels from the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a to the reflection surface R in the pressurizing chamber facing the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a, is reflected at a right angle by the reflection surface R, and instantaneously propagates toward the high-pressure wave discharge port 33. I do. Therefore, as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
Polygonal high-pressure wave traveling path L bent at right angles into the pressurized chamber
Is formed. This pressure wave passes through the fuel introduction port 35 which opens to the inner wall of the pressurizing chamber while traveling in the pressurizing chamber 32. Since the opening direction of this port 35 is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the high-pressure wave, The pressure of the high-pressure wave that passes through it instantaneously has substantially no effect on the fuel in the fuel introduction port 35 and the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 21 communicating therewith, and the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed at all. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an opening blocking means such as a check valve in the fuel introduction port 35. The fuel introduction port 35 is not required to be located in front of the path L of the straight high-pressure wave from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a. The fuel introduction port 35 faces the inside of the pressurization chamber 32 in parallel with the high-pressure generation source 17 or the high-pressure after reflection. It may be arranged on the side surface with respect to the wave traveling direction.

The impulsive high-pressure wave arriving from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure source 17 via the bent reflection path and reaching the inner wall surface of the pressurizing chamber of the main body 31 in which the fuel discharge port 33 is opened. , And propagates toward the injector 14 via the fuel in the injection passage 15a as a medium. At this time, since a passage closing member such as a check valve is not interposed in the fuel discharge port 33, the energy of the high-pressure wave enters the fuel injection passage 15a without being consumed. Injection passage 15 in discharge port 33
The high-pressure wave that has entered a is increased in pressure while traveling through the conical reduced-diameter portion, becomes larger energy, and propagates through the injection passage 15a toward the injector 14.

As described above, the high-impact high-pressure wave that has reached the injector 14 is opposed to the spring 26 by the check valve 25.
To inject high-pressure fuel from the injection hole 41. In this embodiment, the position of the injector 14 is provided on the upper surface of the cylinder head 2 as shown in FIG. 1 so as to form an in-cylinder injection structure, but instead of the injector 14a shown by a dashed line. Alternatively, it may be provided in the middle of the intake pipe 9. Alternatively, the injector 1 also indicated by a dashed line
As shown in FIG. 4b, direct injection in the cylinder may be performed by providing the cylinder block 3 on the side wall. In addition, the air release pipe 23
In the above-described embodiment, the injector 14 communicates with the fuel tank 22 serving as gas-liquid separation means. However, instead of this structure, the injector 14 and the high-pressure generator are connected as shown by a dashed line 23a in FIG. 16 may be provided so as to communicate therewith. Thereby, the air and the fuel vapor in the fuel pipe 15 and the injector 14 are discharged into the combustion chamber together with the fuel injection. Then, even after the air is discharged by the multiple injections, the fuel vapor generated by vaporization due to the heat propagation from the combustion chamber is discharged into the combustion chamber and the valve 25 is discharged.
Due to the residual pressure remaining in the injector 14 after the valve is closed, it is possible to condense the fuel vapor back into the pressurized chamber 32 far from the combustion chamber and at a lower temperature.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the high-pressure generator 16. In this example, a reflecting wall 503 having a reflecting surface R is fixed to the main body 31. The angle of the reflection surface R is set so that the reflection surface R reflects the high-pressure wave generated from the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a toward the discharge port 33. In this way, by appropriately selecting the angle of the reflection surface R, the relative position and angle between the high-pressure source 17 and the discharge port 33 can be set freely. The reflecting surface R is
The area is set to be sufficiently large so that all the high-pressure waves from the high-pressure wave application surface 17a can be reflected. Further, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a is so formed that the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a is reflected and entirely enters the discharge port 33.
a range W2 and the opening surface range W1 of the discharge port 33
The size and relative position of are determined. In this example, a port member 33P having a reduced diameter portion that is continuous with the opening of the discharge port 33 is fixed with a nut 504, and the fuel pipe 15 is connected to an end of the member 33P. Other configurations, the generation and propagation of the shocking high-pressure wave, and the pressure raising at the reduced diameter portion are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional structural view of still another example of the high-pressure generator 16. In this example, in the high-pressure generator 16, the first and second reflecting walls 501 and 502 are provided in the main body 31 in which the pressurizing chamber 32 is formed. These first and second reflecting walls 501 and 502 have first and second reflecting surfaces R1 and R2, respectively. The pressurizing chamber 32
The high-pressure generation source 17 and the discharge port 33 are mounted in parallel on the same surface of the inner surfaces of the two. A first reflecting wall 501 that reflects the high-pressure shock wave in a direction perpendicular to the surface 17a for applying the high-pressure shock wave to the pressurized chamber fuel is provided. The second reflecting wall 502, which reflects the shock high-pressure wave reflected by the reflecting surface R1 of the first reflecting wall 501 further in the direction perpendicular to the first reflecting wall 501,
It is provided at a position facing the reflected wave from the reflection surface R1.
The discharge port 33 is opened at a position facing the reflected wave from the reflection surface R2 of the reflection wall 502. The high-pressure shock wave generated by the movement of the piezoelectric element is 90
It is bent by 90 ° and further bent by 90 ° by the second reflection wall 502, and is guided to the high-pressure wave discharge port 33 opened to the pressurizing chamber 32. Also, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the fuel introduction port 35 opens to the pressurizing chamber 32 at a position perpendicular to the direction of traveling of the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure shock wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure source 17. Accordingly, in the pressurizing chamber, the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure wave application surface 17a forms a polygonal path L that is bent twice in the right-angle direction, as illustrated.

According to the high-pressure generator 16 having such a configuration, the high-pressure generator 17 and the discharge port 33 can be connected to the high-pressure generator 1 according to the installation space, piping layout and the like.
6 on the same surface side.

Also, as in the previous embodiment, the injection passage 15
a is formed such that the cross-sectional area decreases from the discharge port 33 of the pressurizing chamber 32 toward the injection hole. With such a configuration, the pressure of the high-pressure wave propagating in the injection passage 15a is increased while traveling through the portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually narrows toward the injection hole, and a higher injection speed is obtained in the injection hole.

The illustrated first and second reflecting surfaces R1, R
Although 2 is formed in a concave shape, this is for effectively converging the reflected wave, and a flat reflecting surface may be used instead of such a concave surface.

FIG. 5 is a sectional structural view of still another example of the high-pressure generator 16. In this example, the inner wall 3 of the pressure chamber 32
2a is a reflecting wall having a substantially elliptical curved shape, and a high-pressure generating source 17 is mounted on the top of a pressurizing chamber 32 having the elliptical curved surface.
A fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the side near the high-pressure source 17.
Opens. In this example, the discharge port 33 is provided at a position facing the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a, and a reflection curved surface is formed on an outer peripheral portion thereof. The high pressure wave is repeatedly reflected a plurality of times in the pressurized chamber to form a curved path, and
Introduced within.

In this case, if the high pressure wave applying surface 17a is arranged at one of the two elliptical centers of the elliptical curved reflecting wall 32a and the discharge port 33 is arranged at the other, the shock high pressure wave is efficiently converged and the fuel is discharged from the discharge port 33 to the fuel port. It can be led to the pipe 15. The energy of the high-pressure shock wave has a large component that goes straight, and even if the fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the side surface of the reflecting wall 32 a near the high-pressure generation source 17, a small amount of energy is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 21 to the fuel pump 19. Only the shocking high-pressure wave propagates.

According to the high-pressure generating device 16 having such a configuration, the high-pressure waves diverging in four directions from the impact high-pressure wave application surface 17a are efficiently focused and guided to the discharge port, and many high-pressure high-pressure waves are used for injection. As a result, the injection amount can be increased.

Further, similarly to the example of FIG. 4, the injection passage 15a
Is formed such that the cross-sectional area decreases in the direction of the injection hole from the discharge port 33 of the pressurizing chamber 32, so that the high-pressure wave propagating through the injection passage 15a travels through the portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually narrows toward the injection hole. During that time, the pressure is increased, and a higher injection speed is obtained at the injection hole.

FIG. 6 shows another configuration example of the injector according to the present invention. The injector 14 of this example has an internal valve-opening type in which the valve opens inward while the injector in FIG. Valve body 24
The valve 40 is slidably disposed along the inside of the guide sleeve 37 inside the injection hole 41 formed at the tip of the valve. Valve 40
Is pressed by the spring 39 toward the injection hole 41 and urged to a closed state. A conduction hole 38 is opened at the base of the guide sleeve 37, and the fuel injection passage 1 in the fuel pipe 15 is opened.
5a communicates with the combustion passage chamber 24a in the valve body 24. The spring 39 is disposed within the guide sleeve 37 and is fixed to the upper seal member 9 fixed to the sleeve 37.
1 and a seal ring (not shown) at the lower end is mounted in a sealed space in which fuel is prevented from entering. Valve body 24
An air vent port 28 is opened to communicate with the above-described fuel tank 22 (FIG. 1) via an air vent pipe 23.

In such a configuration, the high-pressure generator 1
From the 6th side, an impulsive high-pressure wave is propagated through the liquid fuel in the injection passage 15a, and when reaching the injector 14, high-pressure energy is introduced into the valve body 24 through the through hole 38, and the valve 40 is connected to the spring 39. The fuel is pushed up to open the injection hole 41 to inject fuel. The high-pressure shock wave is guided to the through hole 38 without being attenuated by the upper conical portion of the seal member 91, and enters the cylindrical fuel passage chamber 24 a through the through hole 38. The shocking high-pressure wave collides with the wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a and increases the pressure above the fuel passage chamber 24a. The second shocking high-pressure wave propagates from the booster toward the injection hole 41 in the lower portion of the fuel passage chamber 24a. Air release port 28
Is provided on the intermediate side wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a, so that the energy of the second shocking high-pressure wave does not dissipate.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show still another configuration example of the injector according to the present invention. These examples are examples in which a driving unit that opens and closes a valve is provided. The injector 14 in FIG. 7A has a configuration including an open-type valve 25, similarly to the example in FIG. 2, and includes an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 25. In such a configuration,
At the timing when the shocking high-pressure wave arrives from the high-pressure generator 16, the solenoid is energized to open the valve 25,
Fuel is injected from the injection hole 41. The timing of this valve opening may be determined in advance by experiments or the like,
After the drive voltage is applied to the injector 7, the high-pressure wave
Is obtained beforehand, and a control circuit is configured so that the solenoid 60 is energized at this timing.

With this configuration, since the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, it is possible to inject the liquid fuel with higher injection energy. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 is provided with a longitudinal notch at a part of the outer periphery, which allows the upper and lower parts to pass through quickly, so that the high-impact high-pressure wave can smoothly propagate toward the injection hole 41.
Further, a recess may be provided in the longitudinal direction on the case body 24 side on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic solenoid 60.

The injector 14 shown in FIG. 7B has a structure comprising an inward-opening valve 40, as in the example shown in FIG. 6, and has an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 40. The structure and operation of this electromagnetic solenoid 60 are shown in FIG.
As in the example of (A), in this example also, the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, so that the liquid fuel can be injected with a large injection energy.
In addition, the conduction hole 38 is inclined, and it is possible to guide the high-pressure shock wave into the fuel passage chamber 24a with as little attenuation as possible. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 faces the outlet of the passage hole 38 on the fuel passage chamber 24a side. Since the air vent port 28 is provided on the injection hole 41 side from the electromagnetic solenoid 60,
It is possible to bleed air to a portion closer to the injection hole 41.

FIG. 8 shows a high-voltage source 17 using a piezoelectric element.
FIG. The high-voltage generation source 17 includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements 73 provided in a sealed case 71, and between the piezoelectric elements 73, positive plates 151a and negative plates 151b are alternately arranged. These piezoelectric element 73 and positive electrode plate 15
1a and the negative electrode plate 151b are sandwiched between the holder 74 and the plunger 152 in a stacked state, and the bolt 7
2 fixedly hold each other. Thus, the bolt 72
The piezoelectric element 73 integrally fixed and held by the above is mounted in the closed case 71 by the screw member 75 via the holder 74. Each positive electrode plate 151a and each negative electrode plate 1
51b are connected to each other by a conductive plate 76, and are connected to a voltage regulator 302 via a positive charge supply line 303 and a negative charge supply line 304. A sealing grommet 77 is attached to a portion where each of the charge supply lines 303 and 304 is taken out from the sealed case 71 to maintain the hermeticity of the case. The voltage regulator 302 is connected to the ECU 95 and is driven and controlled as described later. Reference numeral 300 denotes an AC power supply, and 301 denotes an AC / DC conversion circuit.

Here, the piezoelectric element is a known piezoelectric actuator composed of an element having a so-called piezoelectric effect. Note that there are various kinds of materials having a piezoelectric effect, from quartz to polymers, and a typical material for a piezoelectric actuator is lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which is a kind of piezoelectric ceramics.

In FIG. 8, a plurality of sheets (seven sheets in this example)
The piezoelectric element (piezoelectric ceramic) 73 and the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b which are arranged so as to sandwich them and form an electrostrictive element. An AC current from the AC power supply 300 is converted into a DC voltage via the AC / DC conversion circuit 301 and input to the voltage regulator 302.

The voltage regulator 302 is controlled by the ECU 95 and has a positive charge supply line 303 or a negative charge supply line 304.
While the positive charge supply line 303 side of the two outputs respectively connected to is adjusted to a predetermined positive voltage,
The negative charge supply line 304 is grounded. In addition, the positive electrode plate 151
To lower the voltage of a, a part of the electric charge of the positive electrode plate 151a is grounded. The piezoelectric ceramic between the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b is displaced in the direction of the electrode plates substantially in proportion to the magnitude of the electric field generated by the two electrode plates. In the figure, seven such displacements are accumulated, resulting in a large displacement.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the high-pressure generation source 17. In this embodiment, instead of the above-described electrostrictive element,
This is a configuration using a magnetostrictive element. The magnetostrictive element includes a magnetic core made of a ternary alloy of a magnetoelectric material that expands and contracts in a magnetic field, for example, terbium, dysprosium, and lead, and a coil wound around the outer periphery of the magnetic core. The magnetic core expands and contracts by controlling the amount of current (for example, voltage and current) to the coil.

In FIG. 9, a coil 80 is wound around a magnetostrictive element 79, and a permanent magnet 84 is mounted around the coil 80. A plunger 152 is fixed to an end of the magnetostrictive element 79. The plunger 152 is always urged by the action of the spring 82 in the direction of being pulled from the pressurizing chamber 32. The coil 80 is connected to a voltage regulator via a lead 78. The voltage regulator is connected to the ECU as in the previous example,
The drive current to the coil 80 is controlled to adjust the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79. When the driving voltage of the coil 80 is increased, the driving current flowing through the coil 80 is increased, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the coil is also increased, and the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79 is increased. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment using the above-described electrostrictive element. In driving the magnetostrictive element 79, a current regulator may be provided instead of the voltage regulator, and a large current may be applied to the coil 80 in a stepwise manner while maintaining a constant voltage. Further, one end of the magnetostrictive element 79 may be fixed to the end plate of the sealed case 71 with bolts or the like, and the spring 82 may be omitted.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of still another embodiment of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention. In this embodiment, an electric radiator (heating element) is used as the high-voltage generation source 17. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the heating element, and (B) is a front view (viewed from the right in FIG. A) of the heating element unit 203 before the coating of the protective film 208 and the plate 212 is temporarily fixed.

The heating element unit 203 is configured as follows.

The resistor 205 is printed on the glass plate 204 on which the convex portion 204a projecting from the center of one side is formed so as to cover the convex portion 204a, and is sintered. A conductive material is printed so as to cover over the resistor 205 on both sides in the vertical direction in the drawing of the convex portion 204a, and further sintered to form two electrodes 206. These glass bodies 20
4. A pin 207 made of copper or a copper alloy is provided through the resistor 205 and the electrode 206, and both ends thereof are swaged. On the glass body 204 on which the resistor 205, the electrode 206, and the pin 207 are formed on the surface on the side of the convex portion 204a, a non-conductive and good thermal conductive protective film 208 further covers the electrode 206 and the pin 207. It is baked so as to cover the resistor 205. After the plate 212 supporting the end of the cord 211 containing the lead wire 210 covered with the coating 209 is fixed to the glass plate 204,
The ends of the lead wires 210 are soldered to the ends of the pins 207, respectively. Thus, the heating element unit 203
Is formed. The heating element unit 203 is housed in a case main body 201 and a case cover 202 made of ceramic having low thermal conductivity in a liquid-tight manner to constitute the high-pressure generation source 17. A support plate 81 fixes the high-pressure generation source 17 facing the pressurizing chamber of the high-pressure generation device.

The center of the case body 202 has a shape with a clear window, and the fuel directly contacts the protective film 208.
When a DC or AC current is supplied to the lead wire 210, the resistor 205 between the two electrodes 206 generates heat, the fuel is vaporized, and bubbles are generated on the protective film 208. As described above, the liquid particles in the pressurized chamber are pressed by the bubbles, and a shocking high pressure is obtained. The liquid ejecting action by the propagation of the shocking high pressure is the same as in the above-described embodiment.

The thickness of both the resistor 205 and the electrode 206 is several μm, and the thickness of the protective film 208 is 0.2 mm to 2 mm.
mm.

FIG. 11 shows still another example of the high-pressure source 17 according to the present invention. (A) is a sectional view of a main part, and (B) is a drive circuit diagram thereof. A pair of opposed discharge electrodes 401 held by an insulator 86 are provided facing the pressurized chamber 32 filled with fuel. Discharge electrode 40
A discharge gap 402 having a predetermined width is formed between the two. The fuel supply circuit 400, as shown in FIG.
The electronic switch 404 and the primary side of the step-up coil 405 are arranged in series in the connection circuit 403 connecting the two electrode plates,
In the middle of the third step, one electrode plate including one electrode plate of the capacitor C and an intermediate portion of the electronic switch 404 are connected to the DC power supply 406, and a second connection circuit 407 connecting both ends on the secondary side of the booster coil 405. The discharge gap 402 is formed on the way.

The electronic switch 404 performs a switching operation according to a fuel supply control signal from the control device 18. When electric energy corresponding to the amount of fuel supply required for the capacitor C is applied from the DC power supply 406 to the electrodes, and the electronic switch 404 is turned on by the fuel supply control signal of the control device 18, both sides of the capacitor C are electronic switches, ground, It conducts through the primary side of the coil 405, generates a high voltage on the secondary side of the booster coil 405 due to the discharge electrode of the capacitor C, and generates a high voltage between the discharge gap 402 arranged in the pressurization chamber 32. Discharge occurs, and the thermal energy instantaneously evaporates and grows the fuel to generate bubbles. As described above, the liquid particles in the pressurized chamber are pressed by the bubbles, and a shocking high pressure is obtained. The liquid ejecting action by the impact high pressure is the same as in the above-described embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, when the discharge power amount within the predetermined time between the discharge gaps 402 increases, the fuel discharge amount also increases. The amount of power discharged during the discharge gap 402 has a positive correlation with the amount of power discharged from the capacitor C. Since the voltage of the DC power supply 406 is constant, the amount of power discharged from the discharge gap 402 is controlled by the number of charge and discharge cycles of the capacitor C in a predetermined time. The number of times of charging and discharging of the capacitor C is performed by switching ON and OFF of the electronic switch 404. By increasing the number of cycles of charging and discharging of the capacitor C, the total amount of discharge power in the discharge gap 402 increases, The supply can be increased. The controller 18 increases the number of charge / discharge cycles of the capacitor C as the engine load increases.

As described above, another example of the high-pressure generator that generates bubbles in the liquid fuel by thermal energy, generates an impulsive high pressure, propagates the fuel to the injection holes, and performs fuel injection, is a laser light. A high-pressure source utilizing the above method can also be used. In this case, when the laser light is irradiated to the liquid fuel in the pressurized chamber, the laser light vibrates the liquid particles and the light energy is easily converted to heat energy as described above. Thereby, the liquid evaporates and grows instantaneously and expands in volume. This volume expanding liquid vapor (bubbles)
Pushes the liquid particles in front of the vapor. At this time, since the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, a large shocking high-pressure wave is generated.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the high voltage generated by the high voltage generator according to the present invention and the driving signal. Graph a shows a pressure waveform, and graph b shows a drive signal. In the graph a, P1 indicates the valve opening pressure of the injector having the external opening valve 25 in FIG. 2 or the internal opening valve 40 in FIG. 6, and P0 indicates the pressure in the pressurizing chamber before pressurization. As shown in the figure, immediately after the drive signal is turned on, a high pressure that greatly exceeds the valve opening pressure is generated in an impact, and then rapidly attenuates. In each of the above-described embodiments, the impulsive high pressure immediately after the input of the drive signal is effectively propagated and used in the liquid. Further, as shown in the drawing, immediately after the drive signal is turned off, the pressure waveform temporarily decreases and the pressure increases due to the reaction of the vibration, and a pressure wave exceeding the valve opening pressure P1 is generated. Such a pressure peak when the drive signal is off can be propagated to the injection hole as an impact pressure as in the case of on and used for fuel injection.

When the electrostrictive element is used in the high voltage generator as shown in FIG. 8, the drive signal is a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and in the magnetostrictive element shown in FIG. The signal is a pulse current signal having a current value equal to or more than a predetermined value, or a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value equal to or more than a predetermined value. 10 and 11, the drive signal is a pulse power signal having a power value equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the pulse width is set to be shorter than that of the electrostrictive magnetostrictive element. This is because a large shocking high pressure is generated at the moment when bubbles are generated and grown, and rather a shocking high pressure is unlikely to be generated in a boiling state in which bubbles are continuously generated. The injection flow rate can be increased or decreased by changing the maximum value of the pulse (the maximum voltage value, the maximum current value, or the maximum power value) or changing the number of pulses.

FIG. 13 shows a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention,
An example applied to a cycle internal combustion engine is shown. This engine 1
1 has a piston 8 that slides in a cylinder, similarly to the engine of FIG.
And an exhaust pipe 11 communicating with the combustion chamber 43 in the cylinder. The crank chamber and the combustion chamber 43 communicate with each other via a scavenging pipe 42. Throttle valve 4 in intake pipe 9
8 and a reed valve 47 are provided. Cylinder head 2
Is provided with a high-pressure fuel injection device 44 according to the present invention, facing the combustion chamber 43. This high-pressure fuel injection device 44
In this embodiment, the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above-described embodiment are integrally formed, and the fuel is injected by using a high-pressure shock wave as in the above-described embodiment.

The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 communicates via the fuel supply pipe 21 with a gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 provided with a breather hole (not shown) at an upper portion provided above the injection device 44. The gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 is provided with a float valve 46a for keeping the liquid level constant, a fuel pump 1
It communicates with the fuel tank 22 via the filter 9 and the filter 20. The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 is connected to the control circuit 18 similarly to the above-described embodiment, and further connected to a power supply circuit 45 including an AC power supply and an AC / DC conversion circuit. In addition,
The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 may be provided on the side wall surface of the cylinder block or on the intake pipe 9 as shown by the one-dot chain line in the drawing.

The engine of this embodiment further uses the high-pressure generator of the present invention to supply oil.
The high-pressure oil supply device 49 uses the high-pressure generation device 16 of the above-described embodiment. This oil supply device 4
9 through an oil pipe 53, 54 and an injector 55
Oil is injected into the crank chamber and the cylinder from the cylinder. Oil is supplied to the oil supply device 49 from an oil tank 51 via a strainer 52 by an oil pump 50. This oil supply device 49 has a high-pressure generating source and injects oil from the injector 55 by an impulsive high pressure, as in the above-described embodiments. The injection operation is the same as in each of the above embodiments. The pressurizing chamber is provided with a plurality of lubricating oil discharge ports each communicating with the oil supply pipe 53 at a position facing one shocking high-pressure generating portion or corresponding to the reflecting surface.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration example of the high-pressure fuel injection device 44 in the engine of FIG. This fuel injection device 4
Reference numeral 4 denotes a unit in which a high-pressure generator and an injector are integrated, and as shown, a pressurizing chamber 32 having a high-pressure source 17 has an inner surface 32a serving as a reflection surface R without passing through a fuel pipe. The injector body 14c is fixed to the pressurizing chamber main body 32b, and the injection hole 41 is provided in the injector body 14a via the injection passage 96. An outward-opening valve 25 is attached to the injection hole 41 via a spring 26. The relative position between the high-pressure source 17 and the discharge port 33 is determined according to the position and angle of the reflection surface R. In this example, there is one reflecting surface R, and the high-pressure wave is reflected only once and introduced into the discharge port 33.

Further, an air vent port 28 is formed above the pressurizing chamber 32 to effectively discharge air from the pressurizing chamber.

The configuration and operation and effect of the high-pressure generating source 17, the operation of propagating the high-pressure wave through the injection passage 96, the fuel injection operation, and the like are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of another example of a fuel injection device 44 comprising a high-pressure generating device integrally formed with an injector. In this example, two reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 are formed on the inner wall surface of the pressurizing chamber 32, and the high-impact wave is reflected twice by these two reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 sequentially, so that the discharge port 3
3 and further propagated through the injection passage 96 to the injection hole 41. The configuration and operation and effect of the high-pressure generation source 17, the operation of propagating the high-pressure wave through the injection passage 96, the fuel injection operation, and the configuration and operation of air bleeding are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.

[0085]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Utilizing a shocking high-pressure wave, for example, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to a piezoelectric element is reflected by a reflection surface in a pressurized chamber to form a bent high-pressure wave traveling path,
The relative position between the high-pressure generation source and the discharge port can be arranged not only at the position facing each other but also at a desired position corresponding to the reflection surface, and the degree of freedom of the layout of the high-pressure generation device is increased. Accordingly, the liquid ejecting apparatus can be efficiently and compactly incorporated in a narrow space or various devices having a complicated configuration. In addition, since the opening surface of the discharge port is large and has a reduced diameter portion whose sectional area gradually decreases in the direction of the injection hole, the pressure is further increased while the high-pressure wave travels through the reduced diameter portion. The high-pressure wave boosted in this way can be propagated in the injection passage as a high-pressure wave, and high injection energy can be obtained, so that the high-pressure wave can be injected into the high-pressure space. The energy of the high-pressure wave that has reached the injection hole is further increased in pressure by the injection hole having a small area, converted into kinetic energy of the liquid, and the liquid is injected from the injection hole. In this case, since the energy loss during propagation in the injection passage is small, the injection energy can be increased accordingly. In addition, the high-pressure wave can more effectively reach the injection hole, and the injection pressure can be increased. The injection speed is increased, the injection flow is sufficiently atomized, and injection without unevenness is achieved.

By using such a liquid ejecting apparatus as, for example, an ink ejecting means of a printing apparatus, since the ink ejection utilizes an impulsively high pressure, the ejection speed can be increased, and the printing speed can be increased. . In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

Further, when the present invention is applied to the fuel injection means of a boiler, the fuel is injected at an impulsively high pressure, so that the injection speed of the fuel is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized.
Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

Further, when the present invention is applied to a lubricating oil supply means for an internal combustion engine, since the lubricating oil is injected by using an impact high pressure, the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and the engine can be smoothly driven. Is achieved.

Further, if the present invention is applied to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, the fuel is injected using an impulsively high pressure, so that the fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel injection can be performed until immediately before ignition at the end of the compression stroke, and fuel can be reliably injected also into a high-pressure combustion chamber in which combustion is continued as in a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a four-cycle engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of still another example of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of still another example of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of another example of the injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of a high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the configuration of still another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a configuration of still another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a graph of a high voltage shock wave and a driving signal according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a two-stroke engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of an injection valve-integrated fuel injection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of a fuel injection device integrated with an injection valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

14: injector, 15: fuel pipe, 15a: fuel injection passage, 16: high pressure generator, 17: high pressure source, 1
7a: High pressure wave (shock wave) application surface, 22: Fuel tank, 2
3: air release pipe, 25: valve, 28: air release port, 32: pressurized chamber, 33: discharge port, 35: fuel introduction port, 501, 502, 503: reflective wall, R, R1,
R2: reflective surface.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location F02M 61/20 F02M 63/06 63/06 F23D 11/34 B D0087 F23D 11/34 B41J 3/04 103B D0086

Claims (12)

[Claims] A pressurizing chamber having a discharge port; an ejection hole for ejecting the liquid; an ejection passage for guiding liquid from the ejection port of the pressurized chamber to the ejection hole; A liquid introduction port provided in the pressure chamber; and a shock high pressure generating means for applying a shock pressure to the liquid in the pressure chamber; and a shock pressure applying direction to the liquid by the shock high pressure generation means in the pressure chamber. A reflecting surface for directing the discharge port in the direction of the discharge port to form a bent, high-pressure wave traveling path in the pressurized chamber. A liquid ejecting apparatus characterized by having a larger size. 2. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the size of the ejection hole is smaller than a cross-sectional area of a portion of the ejection passage connected to the ejection hole. 3. The discharge port is provided at a position facing the high-pressure wave applying surface of the shocking high-pressure generating means, and a concave curved reflecting surface is provided around the high-pressure wave applying surface. 2. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a shock high-pressure wave radiated around the liquid jet is reflected by the reflection surface and directed toward the discharge port. 3. 4. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the size of the high-pressure wave applying surface of the shocking high-pressure generating means is smaller than the size of the opening surface of the discharge port. 5. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a reduced diameter portion having a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area in the direction of the ejection hole, continuously provided to the discharge port. 6. A check valve is provided in the vicinity of the injection hole, and the check valve is configured such that a value obtained by subtracting a downstream pressure from a liquid pressure on the upstream side with respect to the check valve is a predetermined value or more. The liquid fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid fuel injection device is configured so as to be opened. 7. A valve according to claim 1, further comprising a check valve provided in the vicinity of said injection hole, and a valve driving means for opening the valve at the timing when the high pressure of the liquid reaches the valve means. 5. The liquid fuel injection device according to any one of 5 to 5. 8. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting unit of a printing apparatus that ejects ink to supply ink to a print substrate. Liquid ejector. 9. The liquid injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler. 10. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as a lubricating oil supply unit for an internal combustion engine that injects lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine. A liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 11. The liquid injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine that directly injects fuel into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 12. A fuel injection type internal combustion engine equipped with the liquid injection device according to claim 11.