JPH10103176A - Liquid injection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid injection device wherein an impact pressure wave is generated in a liquid, this impact high pressure wave is effectively propagated in the liquid, damping of the high pressure wave is suppressed as small as possible in the liquid, the pressure wave is propagated to an injection hole, by this energy, the liquid can be injected. SOLUTION: A device comprises a pressure chamber 32 communicating with a liquid supply source to be arranged in the downward, injection hole for injecting a liquid, injection passage 15a guiding the liquid horizontally or downward from a pressure chamber to this injection hole, plunger 152 giving an impact pressure to the liquid in the pressure chamber, and an impact high pressure generating means having a high pressure generating source 17 comprising an electrostriction element 73 or a magnetostriction element driving this plunger. A valve means, constituted so as to be opened in the point of time leading of the impact pressure propagated through the liquid in the injection passage, is arranged in the vicinity of the injection hole, a propagation route of a high pressure wave generated from the high pressure generating source is made direct or reflected, to be directed to an opening part 33 in a pressure chamber side end part of the injection passage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a liquid ejecting apparatus for ejecting a liquid by an impact high pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fuel supply pump for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-82266. In the fuel supply pump described in this publication, a positive displacement pump is formed using a piezoelectric element. A piston driven by a piezoelectric element (PZT actuator) is provided in a cylindrical cylinder, and the inside of the cylinder on the piston pressing surface side is provided. Is a pressurizing chamber, two ports, a fuel introduction port and a fuel discharge port, are opened at the cylindrical end on the side facing the piston, and both ports are provided with check valves.

In such a configuration, the volume is changed by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric element to drive a piston to move the piston to the pressurizing chamber side, thereby changing the volume of the pressurizing chamber to change the fuel in the pressurizing chamber. The pressure is increased and the fuel is pushed out from the discharge port. Thus, the pressure of the pressurized chamber fuel increases according to the piston movement amount, that is, the steady volume change amount of the piezoelectric element according to the voltage, and this pressurized fuel passes through the check valve of the discharge port. It is extruded and supplied to a high-pressure injector via a fuel pipe.

According to the technique disclosed in the above publication, the drive signal of the injector is controlled in consideration of the time lag from when the drive signal is input to the piezoelectric element to when the piezoelectric element actually changes in volume and reaches a required pressure. Thus, the injector is controlled in accordance with the pressure rise based on the amount of change of the piezoelectric element to a steady state after the volume change, thereby improving the injection characteristics.

[0005]

However, when the piezoelectric element is driven, a large shock pressure wave is generated immediately after the drive signal is input, and the pressure wave is attenuated while oscillating to reach a steady state pressure. The pressure of the shock pressure wave is sufficiently larger than the pressure when the volume change of the piezoelectric element reaches a steady state, but since it is a transient pressure, the liquid ejection using the conventional technology including the technology described in the above-mentioned publication is performed. The technology had not been developed.

Moreover, in the fuel injection device described in the above publication, fuel is pumped up from a fuel tank located below the high-pressure fuel pump located above the fuel tank by a feed pump, and supplied to the fuel pressurizing chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump. doing. Therefore, when air is mixed in the fuel path, or when there is a bubble of fuel vapor in the fuel path,
It is transported to the fuel pressurization chamber as it is. Therefore, in the structure of the fuel supply pump of the fuel injection device described in the above publication, even if the piston is moved and pressurized in a short time in order to utilize the shocking high-pressure wave, air or fuel vapor is injected into the fuel pressurized chamber. In a state where air bubbles are present, in a state where air or fuel vapor bubbles are present, air or fuel vapor bubbles are compressed, and it becomes impossible to greatly increase the pressure of the fuel.

In the present invention, even when air is mixed in the liquid supply path in the liquid ejecting apparatus, or when there is a bubble of liquid vapor in the liquid supply path, at least when the apparatus is stopped, the air and liquid vapor are generated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid ejecting apparatus that enables bubbles to be removed from a liquid supply path and effectively uses a shocking high-pressure wave.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided, in accordance with the present invention, a pressurizing chamber which is communicated with a liquid supply source and is disposed below, a jetting hole for jetting the liquid,
An injection passage for guiding the liquid horizontally or downward from the pressurized chamber to the injection hole, a plunger for applying an impact pressure to the liquid in the pressurized chamber, and a high-pressure generation source including an electrostrictive element or a magnetostrictive element for driving the plunger And a valve means configured to be opened when the impact pressure propagated through the liquid in the injection passage reaches, and disposed near the injection hole. A liquid ejecting apparatus characterized in that a propagation path of a high-pressure wave generated from a generation source is directed directly or reflected to an opening at an end of the ejection passage on the side of a pressurizing chamber.

According to the above configuration, for example, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element can be reliably applied to the liquid without loss, and the energy for generating the high-pressure wave can be effectively used as the energy for liquid ejection. Used. In addition, by reflecting the high-pressure wave in the pressurizing chamber to bend the course, the degree of freedom in the layout of the high-voltage generating source is increased. In the present invention, such a high-pressure wave can be propagated in the injection passage without being attenuated, and energy loss on the way can be reduced. The energy of the high-pressure wave that has reached the injection hole is further increased in pressure by the injection hole having a small area, converted into kinetic energy of the liquid, and the liquid is injected from the injection hole.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a preferred embodiment,
The injection passage from the upstream side of the valve means in the vicinity of the injection hole to the end of the injection passage on the side of the pressurizing chamber is always open throughout the operation and non-operation of the shocking high pressure generating means. And

According to this structure, for example, a check valve or the like which closes the entire length of the pipe including the inlet portion is not provided in the injection passage other than the valve means of the injection hole, and the inside of the passage is always open. Therefore, the energy loss of the high-pressure wave can be suppressed.

In another preferred embodiment, an end of the injection passage and a communication passage to the liquid supply source are open facing the pressurizing chamber, and an impact pressure applying surface of the impact high pressure generating means is provided. Only the end of the injection passage is opened on the wall of the pressurizing chamber on the side opposite to.

According to this structure, only the injection passage is opened on the surface of the high-pressure generating means facing the shock pressure applying surface in the direction of travel of the shocking high-pressure wave, and the liquid introduction passage for fuel or the like is provided with the high-pressure wave. Because it is provided on the side or back in the direction of travel,
The energy of the high-pressure wave effectively propagates in the injection passage and reaches the injection hole.

According to yet another preferred embodiment,
The valve means closes when a value obtained by subtracting the liquid pressure on the side of the injection space from the liquid pressure on the side of the injection passage from the injection hole as a boundary is equal to or less than a predetermined value. It is characterized in that it is configured to be opened by the arrival of a target high pressure.

According to this configuration, the valve means of the injection hole is in a closed state when the pressure difference between the front and rear of the valve is small, and is opened when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value, so that the injection speed is adjusted according to the pressure difference. The liquid can be ejected for the duration of the high pressure wave.

According to another preferred embodiment, the valve means is provided with a valve opening / closing drive means for opening the valve at the timing when the high pressure of the liquid reaches the valve means.

According to this configuration, the valve means of the injection hole is opened by the valve opening / closing drive means, and energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed to open the valve. Therefore, the high impact pressure is maintained at the injection hole, and a high injection speed is obtained. Further, it becomes possible to inject the liquid into the space where the pressure is high.

In another preferred embodiment, the injection passage is formed so that its cross-sectional area decreases in the direction of the injection hole from its pressurizing chamber side end.

According to this configuration, the pressure of the high-pressure wave propagating in the injection passage is increased while traveling toward a portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage is gradually narrowed toward the injection hole, so that a higher injection speed can be obtained in the injection hole. .

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting unit of a printing apparatus which ejects ink to supply ink to a printing substrate.

By using the ink jetting means of such a printing apparatus, the jetting speed can be increased and the printing speed can be increased since the ink jetting utilizes an impulsively high pressure. In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler.

In the fuel injection means of such a boiler, the fuel is injected by an impulsively high pressure, so that the injection speed of the fuel is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized. Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is characterized in that the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as a lubricating oil supply means for an internal combustion engine that injects lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine.

As described above, by using the lubricating oil supply means for the internal combustion engine, the lubricating oil is injected by using an impact high pressure, so that the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and the smooth engine drive can be performed. Achieved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injector is used as a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine for directly injecting fuel into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

By using the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine as described above, the fuel is injected by using an impulsively high pressure, so that the fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel can be injected until just before ignition at the end of the compression stroke,
In addition, fuel can be reliably injected into a high-pressure combustion chamber where combustion is continued, such as a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the liquid injection device of the present invention is mounted on a fuel injection type internal combustion engine.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

[0030]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a four-cycle internal combustion engine to which a liquid injection device according to the present invention is applied. The engine 1 includes a cylinder head 2 forming an upper part of a combustion chamber, a cylinder block 3 forming a cylinder of the combustion chamber, and an oil pan 4 forming a crank chamber. A crankshaft 5 in the crank chamber is connected to a piston 8 via a crankpin 6 and a piston pin 7. An intake pipe 9 is provided in the cylinder head 2, and an intake valve 10 is attached to an end of the cylinder 9 so as to face a combustion chamber in the engine. In addition, cylinder head 2
, An exhaust pipe 11 is provided, and an exhaust valve 12 is attached to an end thereof. A spark plug 13 is mounted at the center of the cylinder head 2.

In this embodiment, an injector 14 for directly injecting fuel into the engine combustion chamber is provided facing the combustion chamber from the upper surface of the cylinder head 2. The injector 14 communicates via a fuel pipe 15 with a high-pressure generator 16 according to the present invention disposed above.
The high-pressure generating device 16 includes an electrostrictive means (piezoelectric element) described later.
And an impact high-pressure source 17 composed of The high voltage generation source 17 is connected to a control circuit 18 and is driven and controlled at a predetermined timing. Fuel is introduced into the high-pressure generator 16 from a fuel tank 22 located above via a fuel supply pipe 21 by gravity. 20 is a filter. An air vent pipe 23 is connected to the injector 14, and guides fuel vapor generated inside the injector 14 and air mixed into the injector 14 during assembly to a fuel tank 22 having an air vent hole (not shown) at the top. Thus, the inside of the injector 14 is always filled with the fuel. In the middle of the fuel supply pipe 21, a second air release pipe 23a is connected to a portion 21a where air tends to be trapped, and the air in the fuel supply pipe 21 is guided above the fuel level in the fuel tank 22. Thus, while the engine is stopped, the air in the fuel pipe 15 is guided to the high pressure generator 16, and the air in the high pressure generator 16 is supplied to the fuel supply pipe 21.
And the fuel tank 2 through the second air release pipe 23a.
2 is guided upward. As a result, the fuel pipe 15 and the inside of the injector 14 are filled with the fuel, so that the shocking high-pressure wave reliably propagates, and the shocking high-pressure wave collides with the portion immediately before the injection hole in the injector 14 to further increase the pressure. Make it possible.

A manual opening / closing cock may be arranged between the air reservoir of the fuel supply pipe 21 and the filter 20.
Further, when the fuel supply pipe 21 smoothly extends from the fuel tank 22 to the high-pressure generator 16 without being bent upward, the second air vent pipe 23a becomes unnecessary. Conversely, when an air reservoir is formed in the high pressure generator 16 or when an air reservoir is formed in the middle of the fuel pipe 15, the second air vent pipe 23 a is connected to each of the air reservoirs, and The air or fuel vapor in the air pocket is guided upward.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above embodiment. The injector 14 includes a valve main body 24 having an injection hole 41 at a tip, and a valve 25 is mounted on the injection hole 41. The valve 25 is always biased in the closing direction by a spring 26. The fuel pipe 15 is connected to the injector 14 via a cap nut 27. An air vent port 28 is formed in the side wall of the valve body 24, and the air vent pipe 23 is connected to the air vent port 28. The air bleeding port 28 is provided not on the position facing the traveling direction of the shocking high-pressure wave but on the side surface in the traveling direction. Propagation in the direction.

As described later, the injector 14
When the shocking high-pressure wave propagates, it collides with the inner surface of the valve 25 and further rises in pressure. The valve 25 is pushed open by the energy against the spring 26, and fuel is injected. That is, when the pressure difference between the combustion chamber to be injected with fuel and the inside of the valve body 24 is smaller than a predetermined value corresponding to the spring 26, the valve 25 is kept closed. On the other hand, when the shock high pressure wave arrives and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the valve becomes larger than a predetermined value, the valve 25 is opened and fuel is injected.

The high-pressure generator 16 is, for example, a cylindrical main body 3.
1 and a pressure chamber 32 is formed therein. At one end of the pressurizing chamber 32, a high-pressure source 17 composed of, for example, a piezoelectric element described later is mounted. This high pressure source 1
7 generates a shocking high-pressure wave in the pressurizing chamber 32
It applies impulsive pressure to the fuel inside. A high-pressure wave discharge port 33 opens to the pressurizing chamber 32 at an end of the cylindrical main body 31 on the side opposite to the impact high-pressure wave application surface 17a for the pressurized chamber fuel. A fuel pipe 15 communicating with the above-described injector 14 is connected to the discharge port 33 via a cap nut 34. The internal passage of the fuel pipe 15 and the discharge port 33 at the end thereof constitute a high-pressure fuel injection passage 15a. High pressure source 17
Is connected to the control circuit 18 (FIG. 1) by a lead wire 30 via a sealing material 29. The side surface of the cylindrical main body 31 orthogonal to the shock high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure source 17, ie,
A fuel introduction port 35 opens to the pressurizing chamber 32 on a side surface perpendicular to the traveling direction in which the high-pressure wave propagates. The fuel supply port 35 is connected to the fuel supply pipe 21 communicating with the above-described fuel pump 19 (FIG. 1) via a cap nut 36.

In the fuel injection device having such a configuration,
When the fuel is filled in the pressurizing chamber 32, the high pressure
When a drive voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element (not shown), an impulsive high-pressure wave is generated at the moment when the piezoelectric element changes its shape.

The operation of generating the high-pressure wave is as follows. First, the shape of the piezoelectric element changes at the moment of voltage application, and the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a moves to the pressure chamber side. This instantaneous movement presses the liquid (fuel) particles in the pressurizing chamber 32. However, since the liquid particles try to maintain a stationary state by inertia, a large pressure is impulsively applied to the fuel in the pressurizing chamber 31. Occur. Therefore, this shocking high pressure wave is applied to the high pressure wave application surface 1.
The light propagates instantaneously from the 7a side toward the high-pressure wave discharge port 33 at the opposite position on the opposite surface side of the pressurizing chamber in a direction perpendicular to the application surface 17a. This pressure wave passes through the fuel introduction port 35 which opens to the side surface of the pressurization chamber while traveling in the pressurization chamber 32. Since the opening direction of this port 35 is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the high-pressure wave, The pressure of the high-pressure wave that passes through it instantaneously has substantially no effect on the fuel in the fuel introduction port 35 and the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 21 communicating therewith, and the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed at all. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an opening blocking means such as a check valve in the fuel introduction port 35. Further, since no opening blocking means is provided, even if air exists in the pressurizing chamber 32, it can be reliably discharged. The fuel introduction port 35 is not required to be located in front of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a if the condition of the upper part inside the pressurizing chamber 32 is satisfied, and may be arranged so as to face the inside of the pressurizing chamber 32 in parallel with the high-pressure generating source 17.

The impulsive high-pressure wave reaching the opposite end face of the cylindrical body 31 from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure generation source 17 enters the fuel discharge port 33 formed solely on this surface, and the injection passage 15a. The fuel propagates toward the injector 14 through the fuel inside the fuel cell. At this time, since a passage closing member such as a check valve is not interposed in the fuel discharge port 33,
The energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed and the fuel injection passage 15 is not consumed.
Enter into a.

The impulsive high-pressure wave reaching the injector 14 opens the valve 25 against the spring 26 and injects high-pressure fuel from the injection hole 41 as described above. In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the position of the injector 14 is provided on the upper surface of the cylinder head 2 to form an in-cylinder injection structure.
As shown in a, it may be provided in the middle of the intake pipe 9. Alternatively, direct injection in a cylinder may be performed by providing the injector on the side wall of the cylinder block 3 like an injector 14b indicated by a dashed line. Further, the air vent pipe 23 connects the injector 14 and the fuel tank 22 as the gas-liquid separation means in the above-described embodiment, but instead of this structure, FIG.
As shown by the dashed line 23a, the injector 14 and the high-pressure generator 16 may be arranged so as to communicate with each other. Thereby, the air and the fuel vapor in the injector 14 can be guided to the pressurizing chamber 32.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a reflection surface R is formed on the inner surface of the pressurizing chamber 32, a high-pressure wave from the high-pressure generation source 17 is reflected by the reflection surface R to change the direction, and is introduced into the discharge port 33.
Therefore, the high-pressure wave traveling path from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a in the pressurizing chamber is a polygonal path bent at the reflection surface R as shown by L in the drawing. The polygonal path changes depending on the angle, the position, or the number of the reflecting surfaces R, and a desired layout can be obtained by changing the relative position between the high-pressure generating source 17 and the discharge port 33. The other configuration including the injector and the operation and effect are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. 2 described above. The fuel introduction port 35 is located inside the pressurizing chamber 32.

FIG. 4 is a sectional structural view of another example of the high-pressure generator 16. FIG. 4A shows an example in which the side wall surface 32a of the pressurizing chamber 32 has a substantially elliptical curved surface shape. The high-pressure generation source 17 is mounted on the top of the pressurizing chamber 32 having the elliptical curved surface, and the fuel introduction port 35 is opened on the side surface. In this example, the inner surface 33a of the fuel discharge port 33, which is the end of the fuel injection passage 15a on the pressurizing chamber side, is further reduced in the shape of an inverted cone or a truncated cone. (That is, in the direction of travel of the high-pressure wave).

In the high-pressure generating device 16 having such a configuration, in the high-pressure wave applying surface 17 a of the high-voltage generating source 17, the component of the high-pressure wave that travels straight from the applying surface 17 a propagates toward the discharge port 33. At the same time, the component directed to the side surface is reflected by the elliptical curved side wall surface 32 a and propagates toward the center of the opening surface of the discharge port 33. As described above, the high-pressure wave focused on the opening surface of the discharge port 33 travels through the diameter-reduced portion having the shape of the inlet of the injection passage, and
The pressure is amplified and further increased to a higher pressure and propagates in the injection passage 15a toward the injection hole on the passage outlet side. in this case,
The reflected wave of the shocking high-pressure wave generated from the high-pressure source 17 is
The shape and size of the optimal elliptical curved surface of the side wall surface 32a and the position of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure generation source 17 are determined in advance by experiments and the like so as to focus on the center of the opening surface of the discharge port 33. Is defined. Elliptical curved side wall 32a
If the high pressure wave applying surface 17a is arranged at one of the two elliptical centers and the discharge port 33 is arranged at the other, the shock high pressure wave can be efficiently converged and guided to the fuel pipe 15 from the discharge port 33. The energy of the shock high-pressure wave has a large component that goes straight, and even if the fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the side wall 32a, only the shock high-pressure wave with a small amount of energy propagates from the fuel supply pipe 21 toward the fuel pump 19. According to such a configuration, the energy of the high-pressure wave in the injection hole is further increased by increasing the pressure of the shocking high-pressure wave, and fuel can be injected with a large injection energy.

FIG. 4B shows an example in which the pressurizing chamber 32 itself is formed in an inverted conical shape or a rounded shape. In this example, the side wall surface 32 a of the pressurizing chamber 32 is reduced in diameter toward the discharge port 33 and smoothly continues to the inner surface 33 a of the discharge port 33. Further, the fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the back side of the high pressure wave applying surface 17 a of the high pressure generation source 17.

In the high-pressure generating device 16 having such a configuration, the high-voltage generating source 17 is provided similarly to the example shown in FIG.
The high-pressure wave generated from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a is boosted while traveling in the pressurizing chamber 32 having a smaller cross-sectional area in the traveling direction, and has a higher pressure and enters the injection passage 15a. Then, the fuel is propagated to the injection hole, and the fuel is injected by the energy.

FIG. 4C shows the discharge port 3 of the pressurizing chamber 32.
An example in which the end of the fuel pipe 15 connected to No. 3 is reduced in the traveling direction of the high pressure wave is shown. In this example, the pressurizing chamber 32
The fuel introduction port 35 is opened on the side surface of the fuel cell, and a check ball type check valve 90 is provided. As described above, the pressurizing chamber 3
Since the opening on the side surface of No. 2 does not attenuate the energy of the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure generation source 17 at all, the provision of the check valve 90 does not attenuate the shocking high pressure. By providing such a check valve 90, the backflow of fuel is reliably prevented. Although not desirable, a fuel introduction port 35 having a check valve may be provided in front of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a, in parallel with the discharge port 33. Fuel pump 1
Since the energy of the shock high-pressure wave used to close the check valve against the discharge energy from 9 is small, and the energy of the shock high-pressure wave does not dissipate inward into the fuel supply pipe 21 by the check valve. It is.

In this example, the high-pressure wave applying surface 17 a of the high-pressure generation source 17 is provided so as to face the discharge port 33, and the high-pressure wave applying surface 17 a is included within the range of the opening surface of the discharge port 33. , The relative position and size of the discharge port 33 and the high-pressure source 17 are determined in advance.
With this configuration, the high-voltage shock wave generated from the high-voltage generation source 17 ensures that the maximum energy portion at the center of its propagation enters the discharge port 33, where it is boosted and becomes higher energy to be injected. The light propagates through the passage 15a toward the injection hole.

FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4
In any of the embodiments (C), the discharge port is arranged at the lowermost part of the pressurizing chamber 32 and the fuel introduction port 35 is arranged at the upper part of the pressurizing chamber 32 as shown. FIG. 4 (C)
In the embodiment, the check valve 90 is disposed upstream of the fuel introduction port 35, and the check tank 90
Although not shown, an air hole is provided in the upper wall of the pressurizing chamber 32 so that air cannot be vented to the air vent pipe 2.
3a is connected to the fuel tank 2 by buoyancy or by the pressure of a component traveling to the side, which has little energy compared to the straight component contributing to the injection, out of the high-pressure shock wave.
2 Introduce air to the upper space inside.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the configuration of the injector according to the present invention. The injector 14 of this example has an internal valve-opening type in which the valve opens inward while the injector in FIG. Valve body 24
The valve 40 is slidably disposed along the inside of the guide sleeve 37 inside the injection hole 41 formed at the tip of the valve. Valve 40
Is pressed by the spring 39 toward the injection hole 41 and urged to a closed state. A conduction hole 38 is opened at the base of the guide sleeve 37, and the fuel injection passage 1 in the fuel pipe 15 is opened.
5a communicates with the combustion passage chamber 24a in the valve body 24. The spring 39 is disposed within the guide sleeve 37 and is fixed to the upper seal member 9 fixed to the sleeve 37.
1 and a seal ring (not shown) at the lower end is mounted in a sealed space in which fuel is prevented from entering. Valve body 24
An air vent port 28 is opened to communicate with the above-described fuel tank 22 (FIG. 1) via an air vent pipe 23.

In such a configuration, the high-pressure generator 1
From the 6th side, an impulsive high-pressure wave is propagated through the liquid fuel in the injection passage 15a, and when reaching the injector 14, high-pressure energy is introduced into the valve body 24 through the through hole 38, and the valve 40 is connected to the spring 39. The fuel is pushed up to open the injection hole 41 to inject fuel. The high-pressure shock wave is guided to the through hole 38 without being attenuated by the upper conical portion of the seal member 91, and enters the cylindrical fuel passage chamber 24 a through the through hole 38. The shocking high-pressure wave collides with the wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a and increases the pressure above the fuel passage chamber 24a. The second shocking high-pressure wave propagates from the booster toward the injection hole 41 in the lower portion of the fuel passage chamber 24a. Air release port 28
Is provided on the intermediate side wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a, so that the energy of the second shocking high-pressure wave does not dissipate.
Since the air vent port 28 is located at the upper part in the injector, it is easy to vent air by buoyancy.

FIGS. 6A and 6B show still another configuration example of the injector according to the present invention. These examples are examples in which a driving unit that opens and closes a valve is provided. The injector 14 in FIG. 6A has a configuration including an open-type valve 25, similarly to the example in FIG. 2, and includes an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 25. In such a configuration,
At the timing when the shocking high-pressure wave arrives from the high-pressure generator 16, the solenoid is energized to open the valve 25,
Fuel is injected from the injection hole 41. The timing of this valve opening may be determined in advance by experiments or the like,
After the drive voltage is applied to the injector 7, the high-pressure wave
Is obtained beforehand, and a control circuit is configured so that the solenoid 60 is energized at this timing.

With this configuration, since the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, the liquid fuel can be injected with higher injection energy. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 is provided with a longitudinal notch at a part of the outer periphery, which allows the upper and lower parts to pass through quickly, so that the high-impact high-pressure wave can smoothly propagate toward the injection hole 41.
Further, a recess may be provided in the longitudinal direction on the case body 24 side on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic solenoid 60. Since the air vent port 28 is located in the upper part of the injector, it is easy to vent air by buoyancy.

The injector 14 shown in FIG. 6B has a structure comprising an inward-opening type valve 40 similarly to the example of FIG. 5, and is provided with an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 40. The structure and operation of this electromagnetic solenoid 60 are shown in FIG.
As in the example of (A), in this example also, the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, so that the liquid fuel can be injected with a large injection energy.
In addition, the conduction hole 38 is inclined, and it is possible to guide the high-pressure shock wave into the fuel passage chamber 24a with as little attenuation as possible. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 faces the outlet of the passage hole 38 on the fuel passage chamber 24a side. Since the air vent port 28 is provided on the injection hole 41 side from the electromagnetic solenoid 60,
It is possible to bleed air to a portion closer to the injection hole 41. As shown in the figure, even if the air vent port 28 is located below the injector, the air is guided to the upper space inside the fuel tank 22 by the pressure of the component of the high-impact high-pressure wave that goes to the side. The discharge of air from the injector is performed in a very short time.

FIG. 7 shows a high-pressure source 17 using a piezoelectric element.
FIG. The high-voltage generation source 17 includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements 73 provided in a sealed case 71, and between the piezoelectric elements 73, positive plates 151a and negative plates 151b are alternately arranged. These piezoelectric element 73 and positive electrode plate 15
1a and the negative electrode plate 151b are sandwiched between the holder 74 and the plunger 152 in a stacked state, and the bolt 7
2 fixedly hold each other. Thus, the bolt 72
The piezoelectric element 73 integrally fixed and held by the above is mounted in the closed case 71 by the screw member 75 via the holder 74. Each positive electrode plate 151a and each negative electrode plate 1
51b are connected to each other by a conductive plate 76, and are connected to a voltage regulator 302 via a positive charge supply line 303 and a negative charge supply line 304. A sealing grommet 77 is attached to a portion where each of the charge supply lines 303 and 304 is taken out from the sealed case 71 to maintain the hermeticity of the case. The voltage regulator 302 is connected to the ECU 95 and is driven and controlled as described later. Reference numeral 300 denotes an AC power supply, and 301 denotes an AC / DC conversion circuit.

Here, the piezoelectric element is a known piezoelectric actuator composed of an element having a so-called piezoelectric effect. Note that there are various kinds of materials having a piezoelectric effect, from quartz to polymers, and a typical material for a piezoelectric actuator is lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which is a kind of piezoelectric ceramics.

In FIG. 7, a plurality of sheets (seven sheets in this example)
The piezoelectric element (piezoelectric ceramic) 73 and the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b which are arranged so as to sandwich them and form an electrostrictive element. An AC current from the AC power supply 300 is converted into a DC voltage via the AC / DC conversion circuit 301 and input to the voltage regulator 302.

The voltage regulator 302 is controlled by the ECU 95 and has a positive charge supply line 303 or a negative charge supply line 304.
While the positive charge supply line 303 side of the two outputs respectively connected to is adjusted to a predetermined positive voltage,
The negative charge supply line 304 is grounded. In addition, the positive electrode plate 151
To lower the voltage of a, a part of the electric charge of the positive electrode plate 151a is grounded. The piezoelectric ceramic between the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b is displaced in the direction of the electrode plates substantially in proportion to the magnitude of the electric field generated by the two electrode plates. In the figure, seven such displacements are accumulated, resulting in a large displacement.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the high-voltage generator 17 composed of such a piezoelectric element is incorporated in the high-voltage generator 16. The piezoelectric element 73 in FIG.
The external appearance without 51b is shown. As shown, the plunger 152 is mounted facing the pressure chamber 32. The end face of the plunger 152 becomes the above-described high-pressure wave applying face 17a. Due to the stepwise application of voltage to the piezoelectric element 73, the plunger 152 is displaced and presses the liquid fuel in the pressurizing chamber 32 to generate an impulsive high-pressure wave as described above. 15a and propagates to the injection hole.

In this embodiment, the power supply lines 303 and 304 to the piezoelectric element 73 are connected to the case 71 via the sealing member 77.
And the inside of the case 71 is kept in a sealed state.
Therefore, in this example, the high-pressure generating source 17 including the piezoelectric element 73, the electrode plate, the conductive plate 76, and the like, together with the plunger 152 facing the pressurizing chamber 32, is held in a state of being immersed in the fuel.

FIG. 9 shows another example of the configuration of the high-voltage generating source 17. In this example, the plunger 152 hermetically slides on the case 71 via the seal ring 506. The power supply lines 303 and 304 are connected to the openings 50 provided in the case 71.
5 taken out. Other configurations are the same as those in the example of FIG.

FIG. 10 shows still another example of the configuration of the high-pressure source 17. In this example, the plunger 152 is covered with a bellows 507 made of metal, resin, or the like.
2 is kept sealed. Power supply lines 303, 304
Are the openings 505 provided in the case 71, as in the example of FIG.
Is taken out through. In this example, the plunger 152
The surface of the bellows 507 covering the end face of the
a ′. With the movement of the plunger 152, the bellows 507 expands and contracts, and its high-pressure wave applying surface 17a '
As described above, an impulsive high-pressure wave is applied to the fuel in the pressurizing chamber 32.

FIG. 11 shows still another example of the configuration of the high-voltage generation source 17. In this example, the plunger 152 and the pressure chamber 3
A metal diaphragm 508 is provided between the two to seal the pressure chamber 32. The power supply lines 303 and 304 are taken out through an opening 505 provided in the case 71, as in the example of FIG. In this example, the surface of the diaphragm 508 that covers the end surface of the plunger 152 forms the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a '. As the plunger 152 moves, the diaphragm 508 moves, and the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a 'applies an impulsive high-pressure wave to the fuel in the pressurizing chamber 32 as described above.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the fuel introduction port 35 is located below the upper part of the drawing, but the fuel introduction port 35 is located vertically above the pressurizing chamber 32 and has a high pressure source. The high-pressure generator 16 is arranged so that 17 is horizontal. This prevents air from entering the pressurizing chamber 32 and allows the air or liquid vapor from the pressurizing chamber 32 to be discharged from the pressurizing chamber 32 by buoyancy while the engine is stopped.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of another example of the high-voltage generation source 17. This embodiment has a configuration using a magnetostrictive element instead of the above-described electrostrictive element. The magnetostrictive element includes a magnetic core made of a ternary alloy of a magnetoelectric material that expands and contracts in a magnetic field, for example, terbium, dysprosium, and lead, and a coil wound around the outer periphery of the magnetic core. The magnetic core expands and contracts by controlling the amount of current (for example, voltage and current) to the coil.

In FIG. 12, a coil 80 is wound around a magnetostrictive element 79, and a permanent magnet 84 is mounted around the coil 80. A plunger 152 is fixed to an end of the magnetostrictive element 79. The plunger 152 is always urged by the action of the spring 82 in the direction of being pulled from the pressurizing chamber 32. The coil 80 is connected to a voltage regulator via a lead 78. The voltage regulator is connected to the ECU as in the previous example,
The drive current to the coil 80 is controlled to adjust the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79. When the driving voltage of the coil 80 is increased, the driving current flowing through the coil 80 is increased, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the coil is also increased, and the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79 is increased. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment using the above-described electrostrictive element. In driving the magnetostrictive element 79, a current regulator may be provided instead of the voltage regulator, and a large current may be applied to the coil 80 in a stepwise manner while maintaining a constant voltage. Further, one end of the magnetostrictive element 79 may be fixed to the end plate of the sealed case 71 with bolts or the like, and the spring 82 may be omitted.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the impulsive high voltage generated by the high voltage generator according to the present invention and its driving signal. Graph a shows a pressure waveform, and graph b shows a drive signal. In the graph a, P1 represents the externally opened valve 2 shown in FIGS.
5 or the valve opening pressure of the injector having the inward-opening valve 40 shown in FIG. 5, and P0 represents the pressure in the pressurizing chamber before pressurization. As shown in the figure, immediately after the drive signal is turned on, a high pressure that greatly exceeds the valve opening pressure is generated in an impact, and then rapidly attenuates. In each of the above-described embodiments, the impulsive high pressure immediately after the input of the drive signal is effectively propagated and used in the liquid. Further, as shown in the drawing, immediately after the drive signal is turned off, the pressure waveform temporarily decreases and the pressure increases due to the reaction of the vibration, and a pressure wave exceeding the valve opening pressure P1 is generated. Such a pressure peak when the drive signal is off can be propagated to the injection hole as an impact pressure as in the case of on and used for fuel injection.

When the electrostrictive element is used in the high voltage generator as shown in FIG. 7 and the like, the drive signal is a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value equal to or higher than a predetermined value. In the magnetostrictive element shown in FIG. The drive signal is a pulse current signal having a current value equal to or higher than a predetermined value, or a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The injection flow rate can be increased or decreased by changing the maximum value of the pulse (the maximum voltage value or the maximum current value) or changing the number of pulses.

FIG. 14 shows a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.
An example applied to a cycle internal combustion engine is shown. This engine 1
1 has a piston 8 that slides in a cylinder, similarly to the engine of FIG.
And an exhaust pipe 11 communicating with the combustion chamber 43 in the cylinder. The crank chamber and the combustion chamber 43 communicate with each other via a scavenging pipe 42. Throttle valve 4 in intake pipe 9
8 and a reed valve 47 are provided. Cylinder head 2
Is provided with a high-pressure fuel injection device 44 according to the present invention, facing the combustion chamber 43. This high-pressure fuel injection device 44
In this embodiment, the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above-described embodiment are integrally formed, and the fuel is injected by using a high-pressure shock wave as in the above-described embodiment.

The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 communicates via the fuel supply pipe 21 with a gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 provided with a breather hole (not shown) at an upper portion provided above the injection device 44. The gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 is provided with a float valve 46a for keeping the liquid level constant, a fuel pump 1
It communicates with the fuel tank 22 via the filter 9 and the filter 20. The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 is connected to the control circuit 18 similarly to the above-described embodiment, and further connected to a power supply circuit 45 including an AC power supply and an AC / DC conversion circuit. In addition,
The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 may be provided on the side wall surface of the cylinder block or on the intake pipe 9 as shown by the one-dot chain line in the drawing.

The engine of this embodiment further uses the high-pressure generator of the present invention to supply oil.
The high-pressure oil supply device 49 uses the high-pressure generation device 16 of the above-described embodiment. This oil supply device 4
9 through an oil pipe 53, 54 and an injector 55
Oil is injected into the crank chamber and the cylinder from the cylinder. Oil is supplied to the oil supply device 49 from an oil tank 51 via a strainer 52 by an oil pump 50. This oil supply device 49 has a high-pressure generating source and injects oil from the injector 55 by an impulsive high pressure, as in the above-described embodiments. The injection operation is the same as in each of the above embodiments. The pressurizing chamber is provided with a plurality of lubricating oil discharge boats each communicating with the oil supply pipe 53 at a position facing one shocking high pressure generating unit.

An air vent port 28 is provided above a pressurizing chamber (not shown) in the high-pressure generator 49.
The air vent pipe 23b that guides air is disposed above the oil tank 51 above the position of the oil tank 51.

FIG. 15 shows a configuration example of the high-pressure fuel injection device 44 in the engine of FIG. This fuel injection device 4
Reference numeral 4 denotes an integrated high-pressure generating device and an injection valve.
2, an injection hole 41 is provided via an injection passage 96 whose diameter is reduced immediately after the pressurizing chamber 32 without using a fuel pipe. An outward-opening valve 25 is attached to the injection hole 41 via a spring 26. The configuration and operation and effect of the high-pressure generation source 17, the pressure-increasing operation of the injection passage 96 whose diameter is reduced, the operation of propagating the high-pressure wave, the fuel injection operation, and the like are the same as those in the previous embodiment. The high-pressure generator 44 is arranged horizontally in the longitudinal direction, or is arranged so that the longitudinal direction is vertically below the injection hole 41. In any case, the air vent port is located above the pressure chamber 32.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of another example of a fuel injection device 44 comprising a high-pressure generating device integrally formed with an injection valve. The high-pressure generating source 17 of this example is configured by a piezoelectric element in which the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a forms a concave surface with respect to the pressurizing chamber 32. Immediately after the pressurizing chamber 32, an injection passage 96 having a reduced diameter is formed, and an inward-opening valve 40 is mounted at an end thereof. Focusing action of concave high-pressure wave applying surface 17a and high-pressure source 1
7, the function and effect, and the injection passage 96 whose diameter is reduced
The boosting action, the propagation action of the high pressure wave, the fuel injection operation, and the like are the same as those in the above-described embodiment. In FIG. 16, the high-pressure generating device 44 is disposed so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal, or the longitudinal direction is vertically below the injection hole 41. When the longitudinal direction is arranged horizontally, the fuel supply pipe 21 and the air vent port are set upward.

In all of the above embodiments, when any one of the air release pipes 23, 23a and 23b is disposed, the flow in the reverse direction to the air release port is prevented in the middle of the air release pipe, and the fuel is removed. A check valve that allows a forward flow toward the tank 22 or the oil tank 51 may be provided. After the fuel or oil is injected due to the high impact pressure of the pressurizing chamber 32, when the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 32 decreases, a flow in the opposite direction occurs in the air bleeding pipe, and the air bleeding property decreases. It is effective to prevent

[0074]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The high-pressure source can be immersed in the liquid so that there is no air or liquid vapor near the high-pressure source. Therefore, for example, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element can be reliably applied to the liquid without loss, and the energy for generating the high-pressure wave is effectively used as the energy for liquid ejection. In addition, by reflecting the high-pressure wave in the pressurizing chamber to bend the course, the degree of freedom in the layout of the high-voltage generating source is increased. According to the present invention, such high-pressure waves can be propagated in the injection passage without being attenuated by air or liquid vapor, and energy loss on the way can be reduced. The energy of the high-pressure wave that has reached the injection hole is further increased in pressure by the injection hole having a small area, converted into kinetic energy of the liquid, and the liquid is injected from the injection hole.

By using such a liquid ejecting apparatus as, for example, an ink ejecting means of a printing apparatus, the ejecting speed can be increased and the printing speed can be increased since the ink ejecting utilizes an impulsively high pressure. . In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

Further, when the present invention is applied to the fuel injection means of a boiler, the fuel is injected at an impulsively high pressure, so that the injection speed of the fuel is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized.
Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved. Further, when the present invention is applied to the lubricating oil supply means for an internal combustion engine, the lubricating oil is injected by using an impact high pressure, so that the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and smooth engine driving is achieved. You.

Further, if the present invention is applied to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, the fuel is injected using an impulsively high pressure, so that the fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel injection can be performed until immediately before ignition at the end of the compression stroke, and fuel can be reliably injected also into a high-pressure combustion chamber in which combustion is continued as in a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a four-cycle engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of another example of the injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of still another example of the injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a detailed configuration diagram of a high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of an assembled state of a high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another example of the high-pressure generation source.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of still another example of the high-pressure generation source.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of still another example of a high-pressure source.

FIG. 12 is a configuration explanatory view of another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a graph of a high voltage shock wave and a drive signal according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a two-cycle engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of an injection valve-integrated fuel injection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of a fuel injection device integrated with an injection valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

14: injector, 15: fuel pipe, 15a: fuel injection passage, 16: high pressure generator, 17: high pressure source, 1
7a: High pressure wave (shock wave) application surface, 22: Fuel tank, 2
3: air vent pipe, 25: valve, 32: pressurized chamber, 33:
Discharge port, 35: fuel introduction port, R: reflective surface.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F02M 51/00 F02M 63/06 51/04 F23D 11/34 B 63/06 H01L 41/12 F23D 11/34 B41J 3/04 103A H01L 41/09 H01L 41/08 U 41/12

Claims (11)

[Claims] A pressurizing chamber disposed below and in communication with a liquid supply source; an ejection hole for ejecting the liquid; and an ejection passage for guiding the liquid horizontally or downward from the pressurization chamber to the ejection hole. Comprising a plunger for applying an impact pressure to the liquid in the pressurized chamber and an impulse high-pressure generating means having a high-pressure generating source composed of an electrostrictive element or a magnetostrictive element for driving the plunger. Arrange valve means configured to be opened when the impact pressure propagated through reaches the injection hole, the propagation path of the high-pressure wave generated from the high-pressure source, directly or reflected, A liquid ejecting apparatus, wherein the ejecting passage is directed to an opening at an end of the ejection passage on the side of the pressurizing chamber. 2. The injection passage from the upstream side of the valve means near the injection hole to the end of the injection passage on the side of the pressurizing chamber is always open in both operation and non-operation of the impact high-pressure generating means. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 3. An end of the injection passage and a communication passage to the liquid supply source are opened facing the pressurizing chamber, and a pressure is applied to a side of the impulsive high-pressure generating means facing an impact pressure applying surface. 2. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein only the end of the ejection passage is opened on the chamber wall. 4. The valve means is closed when the value obtained by subtracting the liquid pressure on the side of the injection space from the liquid pressure on the side of the injection passage with respect to the injection hole is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 4. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is configured to be opened when an impact high pressure of the liquid reaches the means. 5. The valve means according to claim 1, wherein the valve means comprises valve opening / closing drive means for opening the valve at the timing when an impact high pressure of a liquid reaches the valve means. Liquid ejector. 6. The liquid ejection device according to claim 1, wherein the ejection passage is formed so that a cross-sectional area decreases in a direction of an ejection hole from an end of the pressure chamber on the side of the pressure chamber. apparatus. 7. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting unit of a printing apparatus that ejects ink to supply ink to a printing substrate. Liquid ejector. 8. The liquid injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler. 9. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as a lubricating oil supply unit for an internal combustion engine that injects a lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine. A liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 10. The fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine that directly injects fuel into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 11. A fuel injection type internal combustion engine equipped with the liquid injection device according to claim 10.