JPH1061474A - Liquid injection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid injection device for injecting liquid with energy of a pressure wave by causing the impact pressure wave from a high pressure generating source in liquid and restraining damping to the utmost by using this impact wave effectively and propagating the pressure wave to an injection hole and improve free degree of layout of the high pressure generating source. SOLUTION: A liquid injection device has a pressure chamber 32 which has a liquid introduction port 35 and a discharge port 33 and an injection hole 41 for injecting liquid and an injection passage 15a for introducing the liquid from the discharge port 33 of the pressure chamber 32 to this injection hole 41 and an impact high pressure generating means 16 for applying impact pressure to the liquid in the pressure chamber 32 and a reflection surface R for directing the impact pressure applying direction to the liquid by the impact high pressure generating means 16 to the discharge port 33 direction is disposed in the pressure chamber 32.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a liquid ejecting apparatus for ejecting a liquid by an impact high pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fuel supply pump for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-82266. In the fuel supply pump described in this publication, a positive displacement pump is formed using a piezoelectric element. A piston driven by a piezoelectric element (PZT actuator) is provided in a cylindrical cylinder, and the inside of the cylinder on the piston pressing surface side is provided. Is a pressurizing chamber, two ports, a fuel introduction port and a fuel discharge port, are opened at the cylindrical end on the side facing the piston, and both ports are provided with check valves.

In such a configuration, the volume is changed by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric element to drive a piston to move the piston to the pressurizing chamber side, thereby changing the volume of the pressurizing chamber to change the fuel in the pressurizing chamber. The pressure is increased and the fuel is pushed out from the discharge port. Thus, the pressure of the pressurized chamber fuel increases according to the piston movement amount, that is, the steady volume change amount of the piezoelectric element according to the voltage, and this pressurized fuel passes through the check valve of the discharge port. It is extruded and supplied to a high-pressure injector via a fuel pipe.

According to the technique disclosed in the above publication, the drive signal of the injector is controlled in consideration of the time lag from when the drive signal is input to the piezoelectric element to when the piezoelectric element actually changes in volume and reaches a required pressure. Thus, the injector is controlled in accordance with the pressure rise based on the amount of change of the piezoelectric element to a steady state after the volume change, thereby improving the injection characteristics.

[0005]

However, when the piezoelectric element is driven, a large shock pressure wave is generated immediately after the drive signal is input, and the pressure wave is attenuated while oscillating to reach a steady state pressure. The pressure of the shock pressure wave is sufficiently larger than the pressure when the volume change of the piezoelectric element reaches a steady state, but since it is a transient pressure, the liquid ejection using the conventional technology including the technology described in the above-mentioned publication is performed. The technology had not been developed.

That is, in the technology described in the above publication,
A discharge port is arranged at a position facing the piezoelectric element,
A very small portion of the high pressure wave generated on the piston surface reaches the check valve provided at the discharge port of the pressurizing chamber, but the high pressure wave generated on the piston surface not opposed to the discharge port is: Simply reciprocating between the constituent wall of the fuel pressurizing chamber and the piston surface, the damping does not reach the check valve provided at the discharge port. Therefore, most of the shocking high-pressure waves generated on the piston surface were not used for fuel injection.

In order to increase the degree of freedom of the mounting position of the piezoelectric element, if the discharge port is provided on the side of the pressurizing chamber which does not face the piezoelectric element, the pressurizing chamber is made longer than the piston stroke. A discharge port must be provided in the elongated portion, and the structure becomes large. Further, by merely providing a discharge port on the side surface of the pressurizing chamber, the shocking high-pressure wave generated from the piezoelectric element reciprocates between the piezoelectric element and the opposing wall surface, and gradually attenuates and disappears. Therefore, the high-pressure shock wave cannot be guided to the discharge port and cannot be effectively used.

In the technology described in the above publication, a very high pressure wave reaching the check valve is attenuated when the check valve is pushed and opened, so that it propagates through the fuel pipe and reaches the injection hole. However, fuel could not be injected at high pressure from the injection holes.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and generates an impulsive pressure wave in a liquid, effectively guides the shock wave to an injection hole, and jets the liquid by the energy of the shock wave. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection device to be used. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection device in which the relative positional relationship between the high-pressure wave generator and the discharge port is increased.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a pressure chamber having a discharge port.
An injection hole for injecting the liquid, an injection passage for quickly passing through the injection hole and a discharge port of the pressurized chamber, and an impact high-pressure generating means for applying an impact pressure to the liquid in the pressurized chamber. A liquid introduction boat is provided in the ejection passage or the pressurized chamber, and a reflective surface is provided in the pressurized chamber for directing the direction of impact pressure application to the liquid by the impact high-pressure generating means in the direction of the discharge port. Provided is a liquid ejecting apparatus, wherein a bent high-pressure wave traveling path is formed in the pressurized chamber.

According to the above construction, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to, for example, a piezoelectric element which constitutes the high-impact high-voltage generating section of the high-impact high-pressure generating means is reflected in the pressurizing chamber and guided to the discharge port. By providing a reflecting surface and arranging the reflecting surface at an appropriate place in the pressurizing chamber, the degree of freedom of the layout of the high-impact high-pressure generating means can be increased. Further, the fluid ejection device utilizing the reflection of the shocking high-pressure wave in the present invention can effectively guide the high-pressure wave to the ejection hole,
The injection pressure is increased, the injection speed is increased, the injection flow is sufficiently atomized, and injection without unevenness is achieved.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a preferred embodiment,
The area of the reflecting surface of the pressurizing chamber is made larger than the area of the surface to which the high-pressure shock wave is applied by the high-pressure shock generating means. It is characterized by being collected at the port.

According to this structure, many high-pressure shock waves generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the surface of the high-impact high-pressure generating means to which the high-pressure shock wave is applied can be used for injection, and the injection energy can be increased. Can be achieved.

In another preferred embodiment, a plurality of the reflecting surfaces are arranged or curved in the pressurizing chamber, and one high-pressure wave traveling path is formed through the plurality of reflecting surfaces or reflecting curved surfaces. And the high-pressure shock wave generated by the high-pressure shock generation means is directed toward the discharge port.

According to this structure, the pressure is increased while the high-pressure wave travels while reflecting and converging, and the pressure of the high-impact wave can be further increased by the injection hole. Increase can be achieved. Therefore, liquid ejection is possible even when the pressure on the side of the space to be ejected is high.

In another preferred embodiment, a plurality of the reflecting surfaces are arranged or curved in the pressurizing chamber, and a plurality of different bends toward the discharge port direction of the high-impact high-pressure wave by the high-impact high-pressure generating means. It is characterized by having formed a route that has been changed.

According to this configuration, the high-pressure shock wave is reflected by the plurality of reflection surfaces at different positions and travels to the discharge port through different paths in the pressurizing chamber. It can be propagated to the holes and increase the injection time.

In another preferred embodiment, of the plurality of reflecting surfaces, the area of the reflecting surface closest to the surface to which the high-impact high-pressure wave is applied by the high-impact high-pressure generating means is made larger than the areas of the other reflecting surfaces; The high-pressure shock wave is collected at the discharge port through reflection of the high-pressure shock wave on the large-area reflecting surface.

According to this structure, many high-pressure shock waves generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the high-pressure shock wave applying surface of the high-impact high-pressure generating means and other directions can be introduced into the injection passage, and the injection energy of the injection energy can be reduced. Increase can be achieved.

In another preferred embodiment, the surface of the high-impact high-pressure generating means to which the high-pressure shock wave is applied is directed to a discharge port of the pressurizing chamber, and a path through which the high-pressure shock wave directly goes to the discharge port. Characterized in that the reflection surface is arranged outside the.

According to this configuration, the high-pressure shock waves radiated in all directions can be collected by the reflection surface as much as possible and guided to the discharge port, so that the injection amount and the injection speed can be increased, and the injection can be increased. Liquid ejection is possible even when the pressure on the side of the space is high.

In another preferred embodiment, a check valve is provided in the vicinity of the injection hole, and the check valve subtracts the downstream pressure from the liquid pressure on the upstream side with respect to the check valve. It is characterized in that it is configured to be opened when the value is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.

According to this configuration, the check valve in the vicinity of the injection hole is closed when the pressure difference between the front and rear of the valve is small, and is opened when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value. At speed, the liquid can be ejected for the duration of the high pressure wave.

In another preferred embodiment, the valve means is provided with a valve opening / closing drive means for opening the valve at the timing when the high pressure of the liquid reaches the valve means.

According to this configuration, the valve means of the injection hole is opened by the valve opening / closing drive means, and energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening this valve. Therefore, the high impact pressure is maintained at the injection hole, and a high injection speed is obtained. Further, it becomes possible to inject the liquid into the space where the pressure is high.

In another preferred embodiment, the injection passage is formed so that its cross-sectional area decreases in the direction of the injection hole from the end (discharge port) on the pressurizing chamber side.

According to this configuration, the pressure of the high-pressure wave propagating in the injection passage is increased while traveling toward a portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage is gradually narrowed toward the injection hole, so that a higher injection speed can be obtained in the injection hole. .

In another preferred embodiment, the shock high-voltage generating section of the shock high-voltage generating means is formed of an electrostrictive element whose shape changes according to a change in an electric field.

According to this configuration, the moment the drive current is input, the electrostrictive element changes its shape and moves in the liquid direction. At this moment, the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, so that an impulsive high pressure can be reliably generated.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment, the shocking high-voltage generating section of the shocking high-voltage generating means is formed of a magnetostrictive element whose shape changes according to a change in a magnetic field.

According to this configuration, for example, at the moment when the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil is changed by inputting the driving current, the magnetostrictive element changes its shape and moves in the liquid direction. At this moment, the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, so that an impulsive high pressure can be reliably generated.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting unit of a printing apparatus that ejects ink to supply ink to a printing substrate.

By using the ink jetting means of such a printing apparatus, the jetting speed can be increased and the printing speed can be increased since the ink jetting utilizes an impulsively high pressure. In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler.

In such a fuel injection means for a boiler, fuel is injected by an impulsively high pressure, so that the fuel injection speed is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized. Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid ejecting apparatus is characterized in that the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as a lubricating oil supply unit for an internal combustion engine that injects a lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine.

As described above, since the lubricating oil is injected by using an impact high pressure by using the lubricating oil supply means for the internal combustion engine, the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and the smooth engine drive can be performed. Achieved.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid injection device is used as a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine that injects fuel directly into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

As described above, by using the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, the fuel is injected using a high impact pressure, so that the fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel can be injected until just before ignition at the end of the compression stroke,
In addition, fuel can be reliably injected into a high-pressure combustion chamber where combustion is continued, such as a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the liquid injection device of the present invention is mounted on a fuel injection type internal combustion engine.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

In another preferred embodiment, the injection from the upstream side of the valve means near the injection hole to the discharge port of the pressurized chamber of the injection passage is performed both when the shock high-pressure generating means is operated and when it is not operated. The passage is always open throughout the entire area.

According to this configuration, for example, a check valve or the like that closes the pipeline over its entire length including the discharge port is not provided in the injection passage other than the valve means of the injection hole, and the passage is always open. Therefore, the energy loss of the high-pressure wave can be suppressed.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, the high-impact high-pressure generating section of the high-impact high-pressure generating means is formed by a pair of opposing discharge electrodes immersed in a liquid in the pressurizing chamber. .

According to this structure, the discharge energy in the liquid is consumed as the vaporization energy of the liquid via heat, and the liquid instantaneously vaporizes and grows, and expands in volume. This volume expanding liquid vapor (bubbles) pushes the liquid particles in front of the vapor. At this time, since the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, a large shocking high-pressure wave is generated. The discharge energy can be freely controlled by the voltage applied to the electrodes. In addition, since the discharge occurs instantaneously, the shock high pressure value can be increased, and the injection speed can be increased.

[0046] In another preferred embodiment, the shock high-pressure generating section of the shock high-pressure generating means is formed by an electric radiator immersed in a liquid in the pressurizing chamber.

According to this configuration, by supplying electric energy to the electric radiator in the liquid, the electric energy becomes heat and dissipates in the liquid, and this heat is consumed as vaporization energy of the liquid. Instantaneously evaporates and expands in volume. This volume expanding liquid vapor (bubbles) pushes the liquid particles in front of the vapor. At this time, since the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, a large shocking high-pressure wave is generated. Electric energy for heat dissipation can be freely controlled by electric power supplied to the discharge body.

In another preferred embodiment, the impact high-pressure generating means includes a laser light emitting means for irradiating the liquid in the pressurizing chamber.

According to this configuration, the laser vibrates the liquid particles, and the light energy is easily converted to heat energy. Thereby, the liquid evaporates and grows instantaneously and expands in volume. This volume expanding liquid vapor (bubbles) pushes the liquid particles in front of the vapor. At this time, since the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, a large shocking high-pressure wave is generated.

[0050]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a four-cycle internal combustion engine to which a liquid injection device according to the present invention is applied. The engine 1 includes a cylinder head 2 forming an upper part of a combustion chamber, a cylinder block 3 forming a cylinder of the combustion chamber, and an oil pan 4 forming a crank chamber. A crankshaft 5 in the crank chamber is connected to a piston 8 via a crankpin 6 and a piston pin 7. An intake pipe 9 is provided in the cylinder head 2, and an intake valve 10 is attached to an end of the cylinder 9 so as to face a combustion chamber in the engine. In addition, cylinder head 2
, An exhaust pipe 11 is provided, and an exhaust valve 12 is attached to an end thereof. A spark plug 13 is mounted at the center of the cylinder head 2.

In this embodiment, an injector 14 for directly injecting fuel into the engine combustion chamber is provided facing the combustion chamber from the upper surface of the cylinder head 2. The injector 14 communicates via a fuel pipe 15 with a high-pressure generator 16 according to the present invention. The high-pressure generating device 16 includes an impact high-voltage generating source 17 composed of an electrostrictive means (piezoelectric element) described later. The high voltage generation source 17 is connected to a control circuit 18 and is driven and controlled at a predetermined timing. Fuel is introduced into the high-pressure generator 16 from a fuel tank 22 by a fuel pump 19 via a fuel supply pipe 21. 20 is a filter. Injector 14
Is connected to an air vent pipe 23, fuel is constantly supplied by a fuel pump 19, and air such as air and vaporized fuel inside the fuel pipe 15 and injectors is supplied to the fuel tank side having an air vent hole (not shown) at the top together with the fuel. Will be returned. Thereby, the fuel pipe 15 and the injector 1
Since the inside of the fuel tank 4 is filled with the fuel, the shock high-pressure wave reliably propagates, and the shock high-pressure wave collides with the portion immediately before the injection hole in the injector 14 to further increase the pressure.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above embodiment. The injector 14 includes a valve main body 24 having an injection hole 41 at a tip, and a valve 25 is mounted on the injection hole 41. The valve 25 is always biased in the closing direction by a spring 26. The fuel pipe 15 is connected to the injector 14 via a cap nut 27. An air vent port 28 is formed in the side wall of the valve body 24, and the air vent pipe 23 is connected to the air vent port 28. The air bleeding port 28 is provided not on the position facing the traveling direction of the shocking high-pressure wave but on the side surface in the traveling direction. Propagation in the direction.

As described later, the injector 14
When the shocking high-pressure wave propagates, it collides with the inner surface of the valve 25 and further rises in pressure. The valve 25 is pushed open by the energy against the spring 26, and fuel is injected. That is, when the pressure difference between the combustion chamber to be injected with fuel and the inside of the valve body 24 is smaller than a predetermined value corresponding to the spring 26, the valve 25 is kept closed. On the other hand, when the shock high pressure wave arrives and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the valve becomes larger than a predetermined value, the valve 25 is opened and fuel is injected.

The high-pressure generating device 16 comprises a housing-like main body 31 in which the internal space is formed as a pressurizing chamber 32, for example. The main body 31 is mounted with a high-voltage generation source 17 made of, for example, a piezoelectric element described below, which faces the pressurizing chamber from one of the inner surfaces constituting the pressurizing chamber 32. This high pressure source 1
7 generates a shocking high-pressure wave in the pressurizing chamber 32
It applies impulsive pressure to the fuel inside. A reflection surface R of the high-pressure shock wave is formed on the inclined inner wall of the pressure chamber 32 of the main body 31 on the side facing the surface 17a for applying the high-pressure shock wave to the fuel in the pressurized chamber. The reflection surface R opens a high-pressure wave discharge port 33 facing the pressure chamber 32 in a direction in which the high-pressure shock wave is bent by 90 °. That is, the discharge port 33
Is provided not in a position facing the high-pressure generation source 17 but in a direction perpendicular thereto. This discharge port 33
The fuel pipe 1 communicates with the injector 14 described above.
5 is connected. The internal passage of the fuel pipe 15 and the discharge port 33 at the end thereof constitute a high-pressure fuel injection passage 15a. The high-pressure generation source 17 includes the sealing material 2
9 via a lead 30 to the control circuit 18 (FIG. 1). Impact high pressure wave applying surface 17a of high pressure source 17
On the inner wall surface of the pressurizing chamber 32 of the main body 31 that is orthogonal to the inner wall surface, that is, on the inner wall surface perpendicular to the traveling direction of the high-pressure wave, a fuel introduction port 35 opens toward the pressurizing chamber 32. The fuel supply port 21 is connected to the fuel supply pipe 21 communicating with the fuel pump 19 (FIG. 1).

In the fuel injection device having such a configuration,
When the fuel is filled in the pressurizing chamber 32, the high pressure
When a drive voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element (not shown), an impulsive high-pressure wave is generated at the moment when the piezoelectric element changes its shape.

The operation of generating the high-pressure wave is as follows. First, the shape of the piezoelectric element changes at the moment of voltage application, and the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a moves to the pressure chamber side. This instantaneous movement presses the liquid (fuel) particles in the pressurizing chamber 32. However, since the liquid particles try to maintain a stationary state by inertia, a large pressure is impulsively applied to the fuel in the pressurizing chamber 31. Occur. The shocking high-pressure wave travels from the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a to the reflection surface R in the pressurizing chamber facing the high-pressure wave application surface 17 a, is reflected at a right angle by the reflection surface R, and instantaneously propagates toward the high-pressure wave discharge port 33. I do. Therefore, as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
Polygonal high-pressure wave traveling path L bent at right angles into the pressurized chamber
Is formed. This pressure wave passes through the fuel introduction port 35 which opens to the inner wall of the pressurizing chamber while traveling in the pressurizing chamber 32. Since the opening direction of this port 35 is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the high-pressure wave, The pressure of the high-pressure wave that passes through it instantaneously has substantially no effect on the fuel in the fuel introduction port 35 and the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 21 communicating therewith, and the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed at all. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an opening blocking means such as a check valve in the fuel introduction port 35. The fuel introduction port 35 need not be located in front of the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a, and may be disposed so as to face the inside of the pressurization chamber 32 in parallel with the high-pressure generation source 17.

The impulsive high-pressure wave arriving from the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure generation source 17 to the inner wall surface of the pressurizing chamber of the main body 31 in which the fuel discharge port 33 opens opens up only the fuel discharge port 33 formed on this surface. And propagates toward the injector 14 with the fuel in the injection passage 15a as a medium.
At this time, since a passage closing member such as a check valve is not interposed in the fuel discharge port 33, the energy of the high-pressure wave enters the fuel injection passage 15a without being consumed.

The impulsive high-pressure wave that has reached the injector 14 opens the valve 25 against the spring 26 and injects high-pressure fuel from the injection hole 41 as described above. In this embodiment, the position of the injector 14 is provided on the upper surface of the cylinder head 2 as shown in FIG. 1 so as to form an in-cylinder injection structure, but instead of the injector 14a shown by a dashed line. Alternatively, it may be provided in the middle of the intake pipe 9.
Alternatively, the injector 14b also indicated by a dashed line
As described in the above, direct injection in the cylinder may be performed by providing the cylinder block 3 on the side wall. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the air vent pipe 23 connects the injector 14 and the fuel tank 22 as the gas-liquid separating means. However, instead of this structure, as shown by a dashed line 23a in FIG. The injector 14 and the high-pressure generator 16 may be arranged so as to communicate with each other. Thereby, the air and the fuel vapor in the fuel pipe 15 and the injector 14 are discharged into the combustion chamber together with the fuel injection. Even after the air is discharged by the multiple injections, the fuel vapor generated by vaporization due to the heat propagation from the combustion chamber is discharged into the combustion chamber, and the residual fuel remaining in the injector 14 after the valve 25 is closed. By pressure
The fuel vapor can be condensed by returning the fuel vapor to the low-temperature pressurizing chamber 32 far from the combustion chamber.

FIG. 3 is a sectional structural view of another example of the high-pressure generator 16. In this example, in the high-pressure generator 16, the first and second main bodies 31 each having a pressurized chamber 32 formed therein are provided.
Reflective walls 501 and 502 are provided. The first of these,
The second reflecting walls 501 and 502 have first and second reflecting surfaces R1 and R2, respectively. The high-pressure generating source 17 and the discharge port 33 are mounted in parallel on the same inner surface of the pressurizing chamber 32. A first reflecting wall 501 that reflects the high-pressure shock wave in a direction perpendicular to the surface 17a for applying the high-pressure shock wave to the pressurized chamber fuel is provided. The second reflecting wall 502, which reflects the high-impact wave reflected by the reflecting surface R1 of the first reflecting wall 501 in the direction perpendicular to the first reflecting surface R1,
It is provided at a position opposed to the reflected wave from 1. The discharge port 33 is opened at a position facing the reflected wave from the reflection surface R2 of the reflection wall 502. The high-pressure shock wave generated by the movement of the piezoelectric element is bent by 90 ° by the first reflecting wall 501 and further bent by 90 ° by the second reflecting wall 502, and is transmitted to the high-pressure wave discharge port 33 opened to the pressurizing chamber 32. Be guided. Also, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the fuel introduction port 35 opens to the pressurizing chamber 32 at a position perpendicular to the direction of traveling of the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure shock wave applying surface 17a of the high-pressure source 17. Accordingly, in the pressurizing chamber, the high-pressure wave from the high-pressure wave application surface 17a forms a polygonal path L that is bent twice in the right-angle direction, as illustrated.

According to the high-pressure generator 16 having such a configuration, the high-pressure generator 17 and the discharge port 33 can be connected to the high-pressure generator 1 according to the installation space of the equipment, piping layout, and the like.
6 on the same surface side.

Further, in this example, the injection passage 15 is formed so that the cross-sectional area decreases from the discharge port 33 of the pressurizing chamber 32 toward the injection hole. With such a configuration,
The pressure is increased while the high-pressure wave propagating through the injection passage 15 travels through the portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually narrows toward the injection hole, and a higher injection speed is obtained at the injection hole.
Although the illustrated first and second reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 are formed in a concave shape, this is for effectively converging the reflected wave, and instead of such a concave surface, a flat reflecting surface is used. It may be.

FIG. 4 is a sectional structural view of still another example of the high-pressure generator 16. In this example, the inner wall 3 of the pressure chamber 32
2a is a reflecting wall having a substantially elliptical curved shape, and a high-pressure generating source 17 is mounted on the top of a pressurizing chamber 32 having the elliptical curved surface.
A fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the side near the high-pressure source 17.
Opens. In this example, the discharge port 33 is provided at a position facing the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a, and a reflection curved surface is formed on an outer peripheral portion thereof. The high pressure wave is repeatedly reflected a plurality of times in the pressurized chamber to form a curved path, and
Introduced within.

In this case, when the high-pressure wave applying surface 17a is disposed at one of the two elliptical centers of the elliptical curved reflecting wall 32a and the discharge port 33 is disposed at the other, the impact high-pressure wave is efficiently converged and the fuel is discharged from the discharge port 33. It can be led to the pipe 15. The energy of the high-pressure shock wave has a large component that goes straight, and even if the fuel introduction port 35 is provided on the side surface of the reflecting wall 32 a near the high-pressure generation source 17, a small amount of energy is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 21 to the fuel pump 19. Only the shocking high-pressure wave propagates.

According to the high-pressure generating device 16 having such a configuration, the high-pressure waves diverging in all directions from the impact high-pressure wave applying surface 17a are efficiently focused and guided to the discharge port, and many high-pressure shock waves are used for injection. As a result, the injection amount can be increased.

Further, in this example, similarly to the example of FIG. 3, the injection passage 15a is formed so that the cross-sectional area decreases from the discharge port 33 of the pressurizing chamber 32 in the direction of the injection hole. The pressure is increased while the high-pressure wave travels through the portion where the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually narrows toward the injection hole, and a higher injection speed is obtained in the injection hole.
FIG. 5 is a sectional structural view of still another example of the high-pressure generator 16. This example shows an injection device 44 (described later) in which the above-described high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 (FIG. 2) are integrated as one unit. On one side of the pressurizing chamber 32,
The high-pressure source 17 is mounted, and the discharge port 33 is opened at a position facing the high-pressure source 17. A prism-shaped reflecting wall 500 is disposed in the pressurizing chamber 32 between the impact high-pressure wave applying surface 17 a of the high-pressure generating source 17 and the discharge port 33.

The reflecting wall 500 has two upper and lower reflecting surfaces R.
1 and R2, and is disposed slightly above the center of the pressure chamber 32. The high-pressure wave reflected by each of the reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 is further reflected by the inner surface 32a of the pressurizing chamber and introduced into the discharge port 33. In this case, the position of the reflecting wall 500 is
2, the path lengths of the high-pressure waves reflected by the reflection surfaces R1 and R2 are different from each other, and a time difference is reached until the high-pressure waves reach the injection holes 41. Thus, the injection time can be lengthened without reducing the injection pressure.

The reflecting wall 500 is not limited to the prism shape, but may be conical if the main body 31 is cylindrical, and may be a polygonal pyramid according to the shape of the main body 31.

FIG. 6 shows another example of the configuration of the injector according to the present invention. The injector 14 of this example has an internal valve-opening type in which the valve opens inward while the injector in FIG. Valve body 24
The valve 40 is slidably disposed along the inside of the guide sleeve 37 inside the injection hole 41 formed at the tip of the valve. Valve 40
Is pressed by the spring 39 toward the injection hole 41 and urged to a closed state. A conduction hole 38 is opened at the base of the guide sleeve 37, and the fuel injection passage 1 in the fuel pipe 15 is opened.
5a communicates with the combustion passage chamber 24a in the valve body 24. The spring 39 is disposed within the guide sleeve 37 and is fixed to the upper seal member 9 fixed to the sleeve 37.
1 and a seal ring (not shown) at the lower end is mounted in a sealed space in which fuel is prevented from entering. Valve body 24
An air vent port 28 is opened to communicate with the above-described fuel tank 22 (FIG. 1) via an air vent pipe 23.

In such a configuration, the high-pressure generator 1
From the 6th side, an impulsive high-pressure wave is propagated through the liquid fuel in the injection passage 15a, and when reaching the injector 14, high-pressure energy is introduced into the valve body 24 through the through hole 38, and the valve 40 is connected to the spring 39. The fuel is pushed up to open the injection hole 41 to inject fuel. The high-pressure shock wave is guided to the through hole 38 without being attenuated by the upper conical portion of the seal member 91, and enters the cylindrical fuel passage chamber 24 a through the through hole 38. The shocking high-pressure wave collides with the wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a and increases the pressure above the fuel passage chamber 24a. The second shocking high-pressure wave propagates from the booster toward the injection hole 41 in the lower portion of the fuel passage chamber 24a. Air release port 28
Is provided on the intermediate side wall of the fuel passage chamber 24a, so that the energy of the second shocking high-pressure wave does not dissipate.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show still another configuration example of the injector according to the present invention. These examples are examples in which a driving unit that opens and closes a valve is provided. The injector 14 in FIG. 7A has a configuration including an open-type valve 25, similarly to the example in FIG. 2, and includes an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 25. In such a configuration,
At the timing when the shocking high-pressure wave arrives from the high-pressure generator 16, the solenoid is energized to open the valve 25,
Fuel is injected from the injection hole 41. The timing of this valve opening may be determined in advance by experiments or the like,
After the drive voltage is applied to the injector 7, the high-pressure wave
Is obtained beforehand, and a control circuit is configured so that the solenoid 60 is energized at this timing.

With such a configuration, since the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, it is possible to inject the liquid fuel with higher injection energy. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 is provided with a longitudinal notch at a part of the outer periphery, which allows the upper and lower parts to pass through quickly, so that the high-impact high-pressure wave can smoothly propagate toward the injection hole 41.
Further, a recess may be provided in the longitudinal direction on the case body 24 side on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic solenoid 60.

The injector 14 shown in FIG. 7B has a structure comprising an inwardly-opening valve 40, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 6, and includes an electromagnetic solenoid 60 for driving the valve 40. The structure and operation of this electromagnetic solenoid 60 are shown in FIG.
As in the example of (A), in this example also, the energy of the high-pressure wave is not consumed for opening the valve, so that the liquid fuel can be injected with a large injection energy.
In addition, the conduction hole 38 is inclined, and it is possible to guide the high-pressure shock wave into the fuel passage chamber 24a with as little attenuation as possible. The electromagnetic solenoid 60 faces the outlet of the passage hole 38 on the fuel passage chamber 24a side. Since the air vent port 28 is provided on the injection hole 41 side from the electromagnetic solenoid 60,
It is possible to bleed air to a portion closer to the injection hole 41.

FIG. 8 shows a high-voltage generation source 17 using a piezoelectric element.
FIG. The high-voltage generation source 17 includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements 73 provided in a sealed case 71, and between the piezoelectric elements 73, positive plates 151a and negative plates 151b are alternately arranged. These piezoelectric element 73 and positive electrode plate 15
1a and the negative electrode plate 151b are sandwiched between the holder 74 and the plunger 152 in a stacked state, and the bolt 7
2 fixedly hold each other. Thus, the bolt 72
The piezoelectric element 73 integrally fixed and held by the above is mounted in the closed case 71 by the screw member 75 via the holder 74. Each positive electrode plate 151a and each negative electrode plate 1
51b are connected to each other by a conductive plate 76, and are connected to a voltage regulator 302 via a positive charge supply line 303 and a negative charge supply line 304. A sealing grommet 77 is attached to a portion where each of the charge supply lines 303 and 304 is taken out from the sealed case 71 to maintain the hermeticity of the case. The voltage regulator 302 is connected to the ECU 95 and is driven and controlled as described later. Reference numeral 300 denotes an AC power supply, and 301 denotes an AC / DC conversion circuit.

Here, the piezoelectric element is a known piezoelectric actuator made of an element having a so-called piezoelectric effect. Note that there are various kinds of materials having a piezoelectric effect, from quartz to polymers, and a typical material for a piezoelectric actuator is lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which is a kind of piezoelectric ceramics.

In FIG. 8, a plurality of sheets (seven sheets in this example)
The piezoelectric element (piezoelectric ceramic) 73 and the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b which are arranged so as to sandwich them and form an electrostrictive element. An AC current from the AC power supply 300 is converted into a DC voltage via the AC / DC conversion circuit 301 and input to the voltage regulator 302.

The voltage regulator 302 is controlled by the ECU 95 and has a positive charge supply line 303 or a negative charge supply line 304.
While the positive charge supply line 303 side of the two outputs respectively connected to is adjusted to a predetermined positive voltage,
The negative charge supply line 304 is grounded. In addition, the positive electrode plate 151
To lower the voltage of a, a part of the electric charge of the positive electrode plate 151a is grounded. The piezoelectric ceramic between the positive electrode plate 151a and the negative electrode plate 151b is displaced in the direction of the electrode plates substantially in proportion to the magnitude of the electric field generated by the two electrode plates. In the figure, seven such displacements are accumulated, resulting in a large displacement.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the high-pressure generation source 17. In this embodiment, instead of the above-described electrostrictive element,
This is a configuration using a magnetostrictive element. The magnetostrictive element includes a magnetic core made of a ternary alloy of a magnetoelectric material that expands and contracts in a magnetic field, for example, terbium, dysprosium, and lead, and a coil wound around the outer periphery of the magnetic core. The magnetic core expands and contracts by controlling the amount of current (for example, voltage and current) to the coil.

In FIG. 9, a coil 80 is wound around a magnetostrictive element 79, and a permanent magnet 84 is mounted around the coil 80. A plunger 152 is fixed to an end of the magnetostrictive element 79. The plunger 152 is always urged by the action of the spring 82 in the direction of being pulled from the pressurizing chamber 32. The coil 80 is connected to a voltage regulator via a lead 78. The voltage regulator is connected to the ECU as in the previous example,
The drive current to the coil 80 is controlled to adjust the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79. When the driving voltage of the coil 80 is increased, the driving current flowing through the coil 80 is increased, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the coil is also increased, and the voltage applied to the magnetostrictive element 79 is increased. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the embodiment using the above-described electrostrictive element. In driving the magnetostrictive element 79, a current regulator may be provided instead of the voltage regulator, and a large current may be applied to the coil 80 in a stepwise manner while maintaining a constant voltage. Further, one end of the magnetostrictive element 79 may be fixed to the end plate of the sealed case 71 with bolts or the like, and the spring 82 may be omitted.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of still another embodiment of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention. In this embodiment, an electric radiator (heating element) is used as the high-voltage generation source 17. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the heating element, and (B) is a front view (viewed from the right in FIG. A) of the heating element unit 203 before the coating of the protective film 208 and the plate 212 is temporarily fixed.

The heating element unit 203 is configured as follows.

The resistor 205 is printed on the glass plate 204 on which the convex portion 204a projecting from the center of one side is formed so as to cover the convex portion 204a, and is sintered. A conductive material is printed so as to cover over the resistor 205 on both sides in the vertical direction in the drawing of the convex portion 204a, and further sintered to form two electrodes 206. These glass bodies 20
4. A pin 207 made of copper or a copper alloy is provided through the resistor 205 and the electrode 206, and both ends thereof are swaged. On the glass body 204 on which the resistor 205, the electrode 206, and the pin 207 are formed on the surface on the side of the convex portion 204a, a non-conductive and good thermal conductive protective film 208 further covers the electrode 206 and the pin 207. It is baked so as to cover the resistor 205. After the plate 212 supporting the end of the cord 211 containing the lead wire 210 covered with the coating 209 is fixed to the glass plate 204,
The ends of the lead wires 210 are soldered to the ends of the pins 207, respectively. Thus, the heating element unit 203
Is formed. The heating element unit 203 is housed in a case main body 201 and a case cover 202 made of ceramic having low thermal conductivity in a liquid-tight manner to constitute the high-pressure generation source 17. A support plate 81 fixes the high-pressure generation source 17 facing the pressurizing chamber of the high-pressure generation device.

The center of the case body 202 has a shape with a clear window, and the fuel directly contacts the protective film 208.
When a DC or AC current is supplied to the lead wire 210, the resistor 205 between the two electrodes 206 generates heat, the fuel is vaporized, and bubbles are generated on the protective film 208. As described above, the liquid particles in the pressurized chamber are pressed by the bubbles, and a shocking high pressure is obtained. The liquid ejecting action by the propagation of the shocking high pressure is the same as in the above-described embodiment.

The thickness of both the resistor 205 and the electrode 206 is several μm, and the thickness of the protective film 208 is 0.2 mm to 2 mm.
mm.

FIG. 11 shows still another example of the high-pressure source 17 according to the present invention. (A) is a sectional view of a main part, and (B) is a drive circuit diagram thereof. A pair of opposed discharge electrodes 401 held by an insulator 86 are provided facing the pressurized chamber 32 filled with fuel. Discharge electrode 40
A discharge gap 402 having a predetermined width is formed between the two. The fuel supply circuit 400, as shown in FIG.
The electronic switch 404 and the primary side of the step-up coil 405 are arranged in series in the connection circuit 403 connecting the two electrode plates,
In the middle of the third step, one electrode plate including one electrode plate of the capacitor C and an intermediate portion of the electronic switch 404 are connected to the DC power supply 406, and a second connection circuit 407 connecting both ends on the secondary side of the booster coil 405. The discharge gap 402 is formed on the way.

The electronic switch 404 performs a switching operation according to a fuel supply control signal from the control device 18. When electric energy corresponding to the amount of fuel supply required for the capacitor C is applied from the DC power supply 406 to the electrodes, and the electronic switch 404 is turned on by the fuel supply control signal of the control device 18, both sides of the capacitor C are electronic switches, ground, It conducts through the primary side of the coil 405, generates a high voltage on the secondary side of the booster coil 405 due to the discharge electrode of the capacitor C, and generates a high voltage between the discharge gap 402 arranged in the pressurization chamber 32. Discharge occurs, and the thermal energy instantaneously evaporates and grows the fuel to generate bubbles. As described above, the liquid particles in the pressurized chamber are pressed by the bubbles, and a shocking high pressure is obtained. The liquid ejecting action by the impact high pressure is the same as in the above-described embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, when the discharge power amount within a predetermined time between the discharge gaps 402 increases, the fuel discharge amount also increases. The amount of power discharged during the discharge gap 402 has a positive correlation with the amount of power discharged from the capacitor C. Since the voltage of the DC power supply 406 is constant, the amount of power discharged from the discharge gap 402 is controlled by the number of charge and discharge cycles of the capacitor C in a predetermined time. The number of times of charging and discharging of the capacitor C is performed by switching ON and OFF of the electronic switch 404. By increasing the number of cycles of charging and discharging of the capacitor C, the total amount of discharge power in the discharge gap 402 increases, The supply can be increased. The controller 18 increases the number of charge / discharge cycles of the capacitor C as the engine load increases.

As described above, another example of the high-pressure generator that generates bubbles in the liquid fuel by thermal energy, thereby generating an impulsive high pressure, propagates to the injection holes, and performs fuel injection, is a laser light. A high-pressure source utilizing the above method can also be used. In this case, when the laser light is irradiated to the liquid fuel in the pressurized chamber, the laser light vibrates the liquid particles and the light energy is easily converted to heat energy as described above. Thereby, the liquid evaporates and grows instantaneously and expands in volume. This volume expanding liquid vapor (bubbles)
Pushes the liquid particles in front of the vapor. At this time, since the liquid particles try to stay by inertia, a large shocking high-pressure wave is generated.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the impulsive high voltage generated by the high voltage generator according to the present invention and its drive signal. Graph a shows a pressure waveform, and graph b shows a drive signal. In the graph a, P1 indicates the valve opening pressure of the injector having the external opening valve 25 in FIG. 2 or the internal opening valve 40 in FIG. 6, and P0 indicates the pressure in the pressurizing chamber before pressurization. As shown in the figure, immediately after the drive signal is turned on, a high pressure that greatly exceeds the valve opening pressure is generated in an impact, and then rapidly attenuates. In each of the above-described embodiments, the impulsive high pressure immediately after the input of the drive signal is effectively propagated and used in the liquid. Further, as shown in the drawing, immediately after the drive signal is turned off, the pressure waveform temporarily decreases and the pressure increases due to the reaction of the vibration, and a pressure wave exceeding the valve opening pressure P1 is generated. Such a pressure peak when the drive signal is off can be propagated to the injection hole as an impact pressure as in the case of on and used for fuel injection.

When the electrostrictive element is used in the high-voltage generator as shown in FIG. 8, the drive signal is a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value not lower than a predetermined value, and in the magnetostrictive element shown in FIG. The signal is a pulse current signal having a current value equal to or more than a predetermined value, or a pulse voltage signal having a voltage value equal to or more than a predetermined value. 10 and 11, the drive signal is a pulse power signal having a power value equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the pulse width is set to be shorter than that of the electrostrictive magnetostrictive element. This is because a large shocking high pressure is generated at the moment when bubbles are generated and grown, and rather a shocking high pressure is unlikely to be generated in a boiling state in which bubbles are continuously generated. The injection flow rate can be increased or decreased by changing the maximum value of the pulse (the maximum voltage value, the maximum current value, or the maximum power value) or changing the number of pulses.

FIG. 13 shows a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.
An example applied to a cycle internal combustion engine is shown. This engine 1
1 has a piston 8 that slides in a cylinder, similarly to the engine of FIG.
And an exhaust pipe 11 communicating with the combustion chamber 43 in the cylinder. The crank chamber and the combustion chamber 43 communicate with each other via a scavenging pipe 42. Throttle valve 4 in intake pipe 9
8 and a reed valve 47 are provided. Cylinder head 2
Is provided with a high-pressure fuel injection device 44 according to the present invention, facing the combustion chamber 43. This high-pressure fuel injection device 44
In this embodiment, the high-pressure generator 16 and the injector 14 in the above-described embodiment are integrally formed, and the fuel is injected by using a high-pressure shock wave as in the above-described embodiment.

The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 communicates via the fuel supply pipe 21 with a gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 provided with a breather hole (not shown) at an upper portion provided above the injection device 44. The gas-liquid separation float chamber 46 is provided with a float valve 46a for keeping the liquid level constant, a fuel pump 1
It communicates with the fuel tank 22 via the filter 9 and the filter 20. The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 is connected to the control circuit 18 similarly to the above-described embodiment, and further connected to a power supply circuit 45 including an AC power supply and an AC / DC conversion circuit. In addition,
The high-pressure fuel injection device 44 may be provided on the side wall surface of the cylinder block or on the intake pipe 9 as shown by the one-dot chain line in the drawing.

The engine of this embodiment further uses the high-pressure generator of the present invention to supply oil.
The high-pressure oil supply device 49 uses the high-pressure generation device 16 of the above-described embodiment. This oil supply device 4
9 through an oil pipe 53, 54 and an injector 55
Oil is injected into the crank chamber and the cylinder from the cylinder. Oil is supplied to the oil supply device 49 from an oil tank 51 via a strainer 52 by an oil pump 50. This oil supply device 49 has a high-pressure generating source and injects oil from the injector 55 by an impulsive high pressure, as in the above-described embodiments. The injection operation is the same as in each of the above embodiments. The pressurizing chamber is provided with a plurality of lubricating oil discharge ports each communicating with the oil supply pipe 53 at a position facing one shocking high-pressure generating portion or corresponding to the reflecting surface.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration example of the high-pressure fuel injection device 44 in the engine of FIG. This fuel injection device 4
Reference numeral 4 denotes a unit in which a high-pressure generator and an injector are integrated, and as shown, a pressurizing chamber 32 having a high-pressure source 17 has an inner surface 32a serving as a reflection surface R without passing through a fuel pipe. The injector body 14a is fixed to the pressurizing chamber main body 32b.
An injection hole 41 is provided through an injection passage 96 therein. An externally opened injection valve 25 is attached to the injection hole 41 via a spring 26. The relative position between the high-pressure source 17 and the discharge port 33 is determined according to the position and angle of the reflection surface R. In this example, there is one reflecting surface R, and the high pressure wave is 1
The light is reflected only once and introduced into the discharge port 33.

Further, an air vent port 28 is formed above the pressurizing chamber 32 to effectively discharge air from the pressurizing chamber.

The configuration and operation and effect of the high-pressure generation source 17, the operation of propagating the high-pressure wave through the injection passage 96, the fuel injection operation, and the like are the same as those in the previous embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of another example of the fuel injection device 44 composed of a high-pressure generating device integrally formed with an injector. In this example, two reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 are formed on the inner wall surface of the pressurizing chamber 32, and the high-impact wave is reflected twice by these two reflecting surfaces R1 and R2 sequentially, so that the discharge port 3
3 and further propagated through the injection passage 96 to the injection hole 41. The configuration and operation and effect of the high-pressure generation source 17, the operation of propagating the high-pressure wave through the injection passage 96, the fuel injection operation, and the configuration and operation of air bleeding are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.

[0097]

As described above, in the present invention, a high-pressure wave generated when a voltage is applied to, for example, a piezoelectric element is reflected by a reflecting surface in a pressurizing chamber by using a shocking high-pressure wave. By forming a curved high-pressure wave traveling path, the relative position between the high-pressure source and the discharge port can be arranged not only at the position facing each other but also at a desired position corresponding to the reflecting surface. The degree of freedom in the layout of the generator is increased. Accordingly, the liquid ejecting apparatus can be efficiently and compactly incorporated in a narrow space or various devices having a complicated configuration. In this case, the high-pressure wave can be reflected on the reflecting surface and amplified, and the amplified high-pressure wave can be propagated in the injection passage, reducing energy loss on the way and reducing the energy of the high-pressure wave reaching the injection hole. Can be efficiently converted into the kinetic energy of the liquid by the injection hole, and the liquid can be injected from the injection hole. In this case, the high-pressure wave can be more effectively guided to the injection hole. Further, energy loss during propagation in the injection passage can be reduced, and the injection amount can be increased accordingly. In addition, the high pressure wave can more effectively reach the injection hole, and the injection pressure can be increased to increase the injection speed.

By using such a liquid ejecting apparatus as, for example, an ink ejecting means of a printing apparatus, the ejecting speed can be increased and the printing speed can be increased since the ink ejecting utilizes an impulsively high pressure. . In addition, since the valve means is provided in the vicinity of the ejection hole, the ink can be cut more easily, and bleeding of printing can be prevented. In addition, if the distance between the ejection holes and the printing surface is increased, the atomization speed is increased due to the high ejection speed of the ink, so that a wide surface can be printed evenly. Furthermore, by moving the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction while controlling the distance between the ejection hole and the printing surface, it is possible to control the width of the printing without unevenness or bleeding of the printing. it can.

Further, when the present invention is applied to the fuel injection means of a boiler, the fuel is injected by an impulsively high pressure, so that the injection speed of the fuel is increased and the fuel is sufficiently atomized.
Therefore, reliable combustion can be performed even with a low-volatility fuel such as heavy oil, soot generation can be reduced, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

Further, when the present invention is applied to the lubricating oil supply means for an internal combustion engine, since the lubricating oil is injected using an impact high pressure, the lubricating oil can be supplied stably and reliably, and the engine can be smoothly driven. Is achieved.

Further, when the present invention is applied to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, fuel is injected by using an impact high pressure, so that fuel can be injected even when the pressure in the combustion chamber becomes high. Therefore, in a gasoline engine, fuel injection can be performed until immediately before ignition at the end of the compression stroke, and fuel can be reliably injected also into a high-pressure combustion chamber in which combustion is continued as in a diesel engine. In this case, since the fuel injection speed increases, the fuel is atomized, and the fuel is reliably vaporized. Therefore, the generation of unburned components is suppressed, and the exhaust purification performance is improved.

Since such an internal combustion engine performs fuel injection using an impulsively high pressure, it is possible to increase the injection speed, promote atomization, and reliably supply fuel to the high-pressure combustion chamber. Accordingly, the present invention can be sufficiently applied not only to the intake pipe injection and the in-cylinder injection in the two-cycle and four-cycle gasoline engines, but also to the diesel engine. The generation of unburned gas components is suppressed to improve exhaust emissions, and a highly reliable and versatile fuel injection device can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a four-cycle engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing still another example of the high-pressure generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of another example of the injector according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of a high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the configuration of still another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a configuration of still another high-pressure generation source according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a graph of a high voltage shock wave and a driving signal according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a two-stroke engine to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of an injection valve-integrated fuel injection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of a fuel injection device integrated with an injection valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

14: injector, 15: fuel pipe, 15a: fuel injection passage, 16: high pressure generator, 17: high pressure source, 1
7a: High pressure wave (shock wave) application surface, 22: Fuel tank, 2
3: air vent pipe, 25: valve, 32: pressurized chamber, 32
a: inner surface of the pressurized chamber, 33: discharge port, 35: fuel introduction port, 500: reflective wall, R, R1, R2: reflective surface.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location F02M 47/00 F02M 47/00 A 63/00 63/00 QL H01L 41/09 H01L 41/12 41/12 H02M 9/00 Z H02M 9/00 H01L 41/08 C

Claims (21)

[Claims] A pressurizing chamber having a discharge port; an ejection hole for ejecting the liquid; an ejection passage passing through the ejection hole and a discharge port of the pressurization chamber; And a liquid introduction boat is provided in the injection passage or the pressurized chamber. In the pressurized chamber, a direction in which the shock high pressure is applied to the liquid by the shockful high-pressure generating means is provided. A liquid ejecting apparatus, comprising: a reflection surface for directing in a direction of the discharge port; and a bent linear high-pressure wave traveling path formed in the pressurizing chamber. 2. The area of the reflecting surface of the pressurizing chamber is made larger than the area of the surface to which the high-voltage shock generating means is applied, and the high-pressure wave generated by the high-voltage generating means is reflected by the reflecting surface. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is collected at the discharge port. 3. A plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged or curved in the pressurizing chamber, and one high-pressure wave traveling path is formed in the pressurizing chamber through the plurality of reflecting surfaces or reflecting curved surfaces, and 2. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure wave generated by the high-pressure generating means is directed toward the discharge port. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged or curved in the pressurizing chamber, and a plurality of different paths bent toward the discharge port direction of the high-impact high-pressure wave by the high-impact high-pressure generating means are formed. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 5. An area of a reflection surface of the plurality of reflection surfaces, which is closest to a surface to which the high-impact high-pressure wave is applied by the high-impact high-pressure generating means, is made larger than areas of other reflection surfaces. 4. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the high-pressure shock wave is collected at the discharge port through the reflection of the high-pressure shock wave. 6. A surface for applying a high-impact high-pressure wave of the high-impact high-pressure generating means to a discharge port of the pressurizing chamber, and the reflection surface is provided outside a path in which the high-impact high-pressure wave goes directly to the discharge port. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is arranged. 7. The valve means is closed when the value obtained by subtracting the liquid pressure on the side of the injection space from the liquid pressure on the side of the injection passage from the injection hole is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 7. The means is opened by an impact high pressure of the liquid reaching the means.
The liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of the above. 8. A check valve is provided in the vicinity of the injection hole, and the check valve is provided when a value obtained by subtracting a downstream pressure from a liquid pressure on the upstream side with respect to the check valve is a predetermined value or more. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is configured so as to be opened. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: valve means disposed near the injection hole, and valve opening / closing drive means for opening the valve at the timing when the high pressure of the liquid reaches the valve means. 7. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 6. 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the injection passage is formed so that a cross-sectional area decreases in a direction of an injection hole from a discharge port at an end of the pressurizing chamber. Liquid ejector. 11. The impulsive high-voltage generating section of the impulsive high-voltage generating means is formed of an electrostrictive element whose shape changes in response to a change in an electric field. A liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 12. The impulsive high-voltage generating section of the impulsive high-voltage generating means is formed of a magnetostrictive element whose shape changes according to a change in a magnetic field. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 13. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as an ink ejecting unit of a printing apparatus that ejects ink to supply ink to a printing medium. Liquid ejector. 14. The liquid injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as fuel injection means for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of a boiler. 15. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ejecting apparatus is used as a lubricating oil supply unit for an internal combustion engine that injects lubricating oil to supply the lubricating oil to the internal combustion engine. A liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 16. The fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection device is used as a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine that directly injects fuel into an intake system or a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 17. A fuel injection type internal combustion engine equipped with the liquid injection device according to claim 16. 18. The injection passage from the upstream side of the valve means near the injection hole to the discharge port of the pressurized chamber of the injection passage is always open over the entire area both when the shock high-pressure generating means is operated and when it is not operated. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: 19. The impulsive high-voltage generating section of the impulsive high-pressure generating means is formed by a pair of opposing discharge electrodes immersed in a liquid in the pressurizing chamber.
13. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 12. 20. The impulsive high-pressure generating section of the impulsive high-pressure generating means is formed by an electric radiator immersed in a liquid in the pressurized chamber. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1. 21. The liquid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shock high-pressure generating means includes a laser light emitting means for irradiating a liquid in the pressurizing chamber.