JPH103694A - Optical information recording medium and optical information recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To greatly prolong a service life by suppressing degradation of a disk in a file management area to generated at the time of performing repeated overwritings in a phase change type recording medium so as to improve the reliability and the durability of the disk. SOLUTION: This medium is provided with a rewritable phase change type recording layer on a substrate 3. In this case, a groove for guiding a converged light beam is provided on the substrate 3 in a concentric for or in a helical form and a user data area 11 and a file management area 10 are formed along this groove. In the user data area 11, the form of the groove is subjected to a signal deformation by a signal expressing address information and synchronizing information and also in the file management area 19, the form of the groove is made fixed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a high-density optical information recording medium (optical disk) using a rewritable phase-change medium and an optical information recording method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical information recording medium and an optical information recording method that are less likely to be degraded when data is rewritten many times.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as the amount of information has increased, a recording medium capable of recording and reproducing a large amount of data at a high speed at a high speed has been demanded. An optical disk is expected to meet such a purpose. . Optical discs include a write-once type, which allows recording only once, and a rewritable type, which allows recording / erasing any number of times. Examples of the rewritable optical disk include a magneto-optical recording medium utilizing a magneto-optical effect and a phase change medium utilizing a change in reflectance accompanying a reversible change in crystalline state.
In particular, the phase change medium does not require an external magnetic field, and can perform recording / erasing only by power modulation of a laser beam, so that the recording / reproducing apparatus can be downsized. Further, there is an advantage that it is possible to perform high-density recording using a short-wavelength light source from a medium that can be recorded and erased at a wavelength of about 800 nm, which is currently mainstream, without particularly changing the material of the recording layer and the like.

As a recording layer material of a phase change medium, a chalcogen alloy thin film is often used. For example, GeSb
Te system, InSbTe system, GeSnTe system, AgInS
bTe-based alloys may be mentioned. At present, a rewritable phase-change medium that has been put to practical use has an unrecorded / erased state in a crystalline state and forms amorphous bits. The amorphous bit is formed by heating the recording layer to a temperature higher than the melting point and rapidly cooling the recording layer.

Evaporation of the recording layer due to such heating and rapid cooling
In order to prevent the deformation, the recording layer is usually formed in a sandwich structure in which the upper and lower portions of the recording layer are sandwiched between heat-resistant and chemically stable dielectric protective films. In the recording process, the protective layer has a function of promoting thermal diffusion from the recording layer and realizing a supercooled state, and also contributes to formation of amorphous bits. In addition, a metal reflective layer is provided on this to form a four-layer structure in many cases. Thereby, the thermal diffusion of the recording layer is further promoted, and the amorphous bit can be formed more stably. On the other hand, erasing is performed by heating the recording layer to a temperature higher than the crystallization temperature and lower than the melting point. In this case, the protective layer functions as a heat storage layer for keeping the recording layer at a high temperature, and promotes solid-phase crystallization.

[0005] One-beam overwriteable phase change medium in which erasure and re-recording can be performed only by intensity modulation of one focused light beam is disclosed in (Jpn. J. App.).
l. Phys. , 26 (1987), suppl. 26
-4, pp. 61 to 66), unlike a magneto-optical recording medium,
The layer configuration of the medium is relatively simple, and the circuit configuration of the drive can be simplified. For this reason, it is attracting attention as an inexpensive and high-density large-capacity recording system.

[0006]

The number of rewritable times of the phase change medium is at least one digit smaller than that of a general magnetic recording medium or a magneto-optical recording medium, which is several hundred thousand to several million. About ten thousand times. The recording process of the phase change medium causes a rapid thermal cycle in which the recording layer is melted and rapidly cooled to a melting point or less within several tens of nanoseconds. When overwriting is performed repeatedly, minute deformation and segregation accumulate, and eventually, an increase in optical noise and local defects on the order of microns are generated (J. Appl. Phys., 78 (199)
5), p. 6980-6988). As a result of investigation, it was found that the deterioration due to the rewriting depends on the shape of the guide groove.

[0007] In a type of medium for recording in a groove,
There is a method in which synchronization information and address information are represented not by pits but by meandering grooves, that is, wobbles. This is already used for a recordable compact disc (CD-R) using a dye as a recording material, and a rewritable compact disc (CD-E) using a phase change medium which is currently being developed is also used. From the viewpoint of compatibility, it is considered that the above technique is likely to be applied (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-210849). About this system CD-
The R format is described below as an example.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wobble groove including synchronization information and address information. On a substrate 3, wobbled grooves 1 and lands 2 are provided. However, the wobble amplitude is exaggerated. The wobble frequency is a frequency obtained by performing frequency modulation (FM modulation) on a carrier frequency representing a synchronization signal by an address signal. This frequency is selected so as not to affect the recording frequency range of the data signal recorded in the groove, and is usually set to a much lower frequency than the data signal.
In -R, the carrier frequency is about 22.05 kHz. Also, the amplitude of the wobble is very small as compared with the track pitch so as not to affect the tracking of the groove and the reproduction signal. For example, in a CD-R, the wobble amplitude is 25 to 3 for a track pitch of 1.6 μm.
It is about 6 nm. Synchronization signals and address signals recorded by such wobbles are generally ATIP (Ab)
solution Time In Pre-groov
e) (for details of the synchronization signal, etc.
-87344). In the present application, the address information may be information indicating an absolute or relatively position on a medium, and absolute time information recorded by ATIP is one type of address information.

According to the study of the present inventors, in a phase change medium, when a groove having such a wobble is repeatedly overwritten, a reproduced signal is greatly deteriorated as compared with a groove having no wobble. Do you get it. As aforementioned,
The wobble is set to a very small amplitude so as not to affect the reproduction signal. However, as the number of overwrites increases, noise corresponding to the frequency of the wobble appears in the reproduction signal, and the signal such as jitter deteriorates remarkably. It is. Therefore, the number of overwritable times in a groove having a wobble is one digit or more smaller than that of a normal phase change medium, and is about 1,000 times.

It is unlikely that rewriting is performed more than 100 times in the user data area of a normal recording medium.
Even if the overwrite possible number is about 1000 times, it does not cause a big problem. However, the file management area for recording the index information of the user data has a very high rewriting frequency, and it is not rare that the rewriting frequency becomes 1000 times or more.

Generally, the file management area is a very limited area provided on the innermost or outermost circumference of the recordable area of the optical disk, and is less than a few percent of the entire recordable area. However, this area is a very important area in which the table of contents of the user data is recorded. If an error occurs, the data in the entire user data area cannot be read, and the disk cannot be used. That is, the number of times that the file management area can be overwritten limits the life of the disk.

As a countermeasure, it is conceivable to secure a spare track as a spare area of the file management area and use the spare track when errors increase due to overwriting, but the file management procedure becomes complicated and the drive and Device driver design becomes difficult.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is to provide an optical information recording medium having a rewritable phase-change recording layer provided on a substrate, for guiding a focused light beam to the substrate. Are provided concentrically or spirally, and a user data area and a file management area are formed along the groove. In the user data area, the groove shape is signal-deformed by a signal representing address information and synchronization information. In the optical information recording medium, the groove shape is fixed in the file management area.

Another aspect of the present invention is an optical information recording medium having a rewritable phase-change recording layer provided on a substrate, wherein the substrate has a groove for guiding a focused light beam. Are provided concentrically or spirally, and a user data area and a file management area are formed along the groove.In the user data area, the groove shape is signal-deformed by a signal representing address information and synchronization information, and the file An optical information recording method is characterized in that a recording area is shifted every time part or all of the file management information is rewritten, using a medium having a fixed groove shape in the management area.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the structure of a medium used in the present medium will be described. As the substrate, a transparent resin such as polycarbonate, acrylic, or polyolefin, or glass can be used. A concentric or spiral groove is provided in the substrate, and recording is performed therein by a focused light beam. A rewritable phase-change recording layer is provided on the substrate. It is desirable that the phase change type recording layer be covered with protective layers on the upper and lower sides. More preferably, it has a layer structure composed of a substrate / lower dielectric protection layer / recording layer / upper dielectric protection layer / reflection layer, and is coated thereon with an ultraviolet curable or thermosetting resin layer.

The purpose of providing the reflective layer is to increase the signal amplitude by making more effective use of the optical interference effect, and to make it function as a heat dissipation layer, thereby making the supercooling necessary for forming the amorphous mark. This is because the state can be easily obtained.
For this reason, the reflective layer is preferably made of a metal having high reflectivity and high thermal conductivity, such as Au, Ag, and Al. But also to increase the freedom of optical design,
A semiconductor such as Si or Ge may be used. From the viewpoints of corrosion resistance and economy, Ta, Ti, C
0.5 to 5.0a for r, Mo, Mg, Zr, V, Nb, etc.
This is an Al alloy to which t% is added. Above all, Ta-added Al
Alloys have high corrosion resistance and are particularly preferred (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-16).
9751).

The dielectric protective layer usually has a thickness of 10 to 500 nm.
It is provided in the thickness of. If the thickness is less than 10 nm, the effect of preventing deformation of the substrate and the recording film is insufficient, and the layer may not serve as a protective layer. If the thickness exceeds 500 nm, the internal stress of the dielectric itself and the difference in elastic properties with the substrate become remarkable, and cracks are easily generated. The thickness of the phase change type recording layer is preferably from 10 to 100 nm. If the thickness of the recording layer is thinner than 10 nm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient contrast, and the crystallization speed tends to be slow. On the other hand, when the thickness is 100
When the thickness exceeds nm, optical contrast is hardly obtained, and cracks easily occur.

As the recording layer material, a known phase change type recording layer
Can be used, for example, GeSbTe, InSbTe, Ag
Compounds such as SbTe and AgInSbTe are over
Can be used as a writable material. Above all, ｛(S
b_TwoTe_Three)_1-x(GeTe)_x｝_1-ySb_yAlloy (but
0.2 <x <0.9, 0 ≦ y <0.1) or M _w
(Sb_zTe_1-z)_1-wAlloy (however, 0 ≦ w <0.3,
0.5 <z <0.9, M is In, Ga, Zn, Ge, S
n, Si, Cu, Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Pb, C
at least one selected from the group consisting of r, Co, O, S, and Se
Thin film mainly composed of crystalline or amorphous
Both states are stable and a fast phase transition between both states
Possible, and also by repeated overwriting
This is the most preferable because it has an advantage that segregation hardly occurs.

The thickness of each layer has good laser beam absorption efficiency in consideration of the interference effect between the layers due to the multilayer structure in addition to the limitation in terms of mechanical strength and reliability. In addition, the amplitude of the recording signal, that is, the contrast between the recorded state and the unrecorded state needs to be selected so as to increase. The recording layer, protective layer, and reflective layer are formed by a sputtering method or the like, and the film is formed by an inline apparatus in which the target for the recording layer, the target for the protective layer, and, if necessary, the target for the reflective layer are installed in the same vacuum chamber. Is preferable in that oxidation and contamination between the layers are prevented,
It is also excellent in terms of productivity.

The present inventors have found that in a phase change medium, the presence of a groove-shaped signal deformation promotes the deterioration of the medium during repeated overwriting. The signal deformation of the groove shape means that various information such as address information, synchronization information, and special information are recorded as signals by deformation of the groove shape, that is, modulation of the groove wobble, groove width or groove depth. To tell. These can be obtained by oscillating an exposure beam for groove formation in the groove transverse direction or modulating the intensity at the time of forming the master, and transferring the grooves formed on the substrate by, for example, injection molding. The wobble of the groove is the most typical example of the signal deformation of the groove shape. Conversely, that the groove shape is constant means that the groove is formed in a substantially constant shape without including such wobble and modulation.

Next, the mechanism will be described with reference to experimental examples. A groove having a groove width of about 0.5 μm and a groove depth of about 40 nm was wobbled by an unmodulated signal having a frequency of 22.05 kHz on an injection-molded polycarbonate substrate having a diameter of 120 mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm. The wobble amplitude was set to four types of 27 nm, 20 nm, 13.5 nm, and 0 nm (no wobble). The track pitch was 1.6 μm. On this substrate, (ZnS) _{80 is formed} as a lower protective layer.
(SiO ₂ ) ₂₀ having a thickness of 100 nm and A as a recording layer thereon
gInSbTe of 20 nm, as an upper protective layer (Zn
S) ₈₀ (SiO ₂ ) ₂₀ with a thickness of ₂₀ nm and Ag as a reflective layer
_97.5 Ta _2.5 100 nm are sequentially stacked, ultraviolet curable resin (SD318, manufactured by Dainippon Ink) thereon to create a phase-change medium by several μm coated. Recording was performed in the groove, and an amorphous mark was formed in the crystalline region.

The medium was repeatedly overwritten with an EFM random signal at twice the speed of a so-called CD (linear velocity: 2.8 m / s). Using the recording pulse division pattern shown in FIG. 2, recording power Pw = 11 mW, erasing power Pe = bias power Pb = 6 mW. That is, for an input signal of 3T to 11T as in (a), (b)
Is used. For example, a 3T signal has an erasing power of 0.5T, a recording power of 1T, 0.5T,
T bias power, 0.5T recording power, 0.5T
Of the bias power. Thereafter, every time the input signal increases by 1T, a recording power of 0.5T and a bias power of 0.5T are added.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the number of overwrites of the four types of wobble amplitude and the jitter of the 3T signal. In addition,
At a linear velocity of 2.8 m / s, the 3T jitter is preferably about 15 ns or less. As is clear from FIG. 3, in the groove without wobble, the jitter hardly deteriorates even after 10,000 repetitions, but in the groove with wobble, it starts to deteriorate after about 1000 repetitions, and thereafter, the deterioration remarkably progresses. Further, it can be seen that the deterioration becomes more severe as the wobble amplitude increases.

Although the mechanism of deterioration promotion due to the presence of the wobble is not always clear, it is presumed as follows. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a mechanism of promoting deterioration due to the presence of wobbles. However, the wobble amplitude 8 is exaggerated. Since the wobble amplitude is so small as not to affect the tracking servo, the recording light beam 7 does not follow the wobble of the groove 1 but travels straight along the average center line 6 of the groove instead of the actual center line 5 of the groove. For this reason, the recording light beam 7 is slightly shifted from the center of the groove, but is easily applied to the groove wall 4. That is, it is considered that a part of the recording light beam 7 is more easily irradiated to the groove wall 4 in the groove with the wobble than in the groove without the wobble.

In general, it is thought that deterioration due to thermal damage during repeated overwriting is likely to occur due to poor adhesion of a thin film such as a recording layer on a groove wall, and easy stress concentration at a corner of the groove. Therefore, if the recording light beam is irradiated here, it is considered that the deterioration is greatly promoted. It is considered that the same problem occurs not only when the wobble of the groove but also the groove shape, for example, the groove width and the groove depth are signal-deformed. In particular, in the case of a medium using a resin substrate or a medium in which a guide groove forming layer made of a photocurable resin is provided on the substrate, the softening point of the resin is much lower than the temperature at the time of recording. Deformation always occurs. This applies to both in-groove recording and land recording.

In the present invention, in order to solve the above problem, the groove shape is made constant in the file management area where the number of rewrites is extremely large and the life of the optical disc is limited. Moreover, in the user data area where the number of rewrites is small and occupies most of the disk, groove-shaped signal modulation is performed and a synchronization signal and an address signal can be obtained, so that a drastic change in drive is not required. Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a CD-E medium, it is easy to ensure compatibility with a CD-R.

Further, as a result of the examination, it was found that the degree of deterioration due to repeated overwriting was different not only depending on the signal modulation of the groove shape but also with the groove width. Wobble amplitude is 27n
m medium, the groove width is 0.40 μm, 0.56 μm,
Four types of 0.68 μm and 0.80 μm, 0 nm (no wobble) media, groove widths 0.40 μm, 0.68 μm
Three types of media of m and 0.80 μm were prepared in the same procedure as above. Other configurations are the same. These media were repeatedly overwritten as described above and evaluated. 3T
The results of evaluating the signal jitter are shown in FIGS. FIG. 5 shows the groove width dependency when there is a wobble, and FIG. 6 shows the groove width dependency when there is no wobble. It can be seen that when wobble is present, the progress of deterioration due to repetitive overwriting is slower when the groove width is wide, whereas when wobble is not present, deterioration progresses slowly when the groove width is narrow.

Therefore, it is desirable that the groove width be wider in the user data area where wobbles exist, and that the groove width be smaller in the file management area where there is no wobble and the groove shape is constant. That is, it is preferable to reduce the groove width only in the file management area because the durability of the entire disc against repeated overwriting is improved. Such control of the groove width can be achieved by controlling the power of an exposure beam for forming grooves at the time of forming a master.

Next, the file management area of the medium of the present invention and the method of using the file management area will be described with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to this content. The file management area refers to an area for recording information related to the physical and logical structure of data, such as a recording position of user data and a hierarchical structure of a data file, and is generally located in one location separately from the user data area. However, there is a case where the same information is provided in several places, or the same information is redundantly recorded in a plurality of places. Further, when a temporary file management area and a final file management area are provided, both of them are included.

In the present invention, "providing along a groove" includes both providing on a groove and providing on a land. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a CD-E to which the present invention has been applied. The format is CD and CD-
Same as R ("CD Family", co-authored by Heitaro Nakajima, Takao Ibashi, Hiroshi Ogawa, Ohmsha (1996), "Compact Disc Reader", co-authored by Heitaro Nakajima, Hiroshi Ogawa, Ohmsha
(1988) or the following patent specification. JP-A-63-103454, JP-A-2-87344, JP-A-2-198040, JP-A-3-3168, JP-A-3-3168
88124, JP-A-3-237657, JP-B-1-23
859).

The spare area 9, the file management area 10, and the user data area 1 are arranged on the spiral groove from the inner peripheral side.
1 is provided. ATIP is recorded in areas other than the file management area 10 by wobbling grooves. Reserved area 9
Is used for pulling in a focused light of a drive and adjusting recording power.

When recording EFM-modulated data in an unrecorded user data area, addressing and recording are first performed by ATIP, but an ATIP signal is not necessarily required in a recorded user data area. E
This is because since the absolute time information is included in a portion called the subcode Q channel in the FM modulation signal, addressing can be performed in the recorded user data area by detecting the EFM modulation signal. Similarly, in the case of the synchronization, in the unrecorded area, the rotation information of the disk is controlled by detecting the synchronization information from the wobble. In the recorded area, the rotation control can be performed by detecting the subcode Q channel of the EFM modulation signal.

Similarly, in the file management area 10, if EFM modulation data is recorded, addressing and rotation control can be performed without ATIP. That is, some kind of recording is performed in advance in the file management area with an EFM modulation signal, or only at the time of the first access to the file management area, recording is performed by locating by some means, and the recorded signal is used in the next and subsequent times. What should I do?

For example, a special information area in which the cue information of the file management area is recorded as a groove wobble may be provided at a predetermined position on the medium. In this case, the drive may first access the special information area and search for the file management area. The special information area is desirably located at a position where the drive first accesses, for example, it is preferably provided in the spare area 9 in FIG. If the medium is such that the file management area is in the outermost peripheral area and the drive accesses from the outermost peripheral area, it is desirable to provide the special information area also in the outermost peripheral area.

As described in JP-A-3-3168, various information for drive control such as the optimum recording power of the disc can be superimposed and recorded on the ATIP signal in the file management area. In this case, if there is any deterioration due to repeated overwriting, such various information cannot be reproduced, which causes a problem. Various kinds of such drive control information can also be recorded in the special information area. The recorded information may be read once by a drive and then recorded in the file management area as an EFM modulated signal in a form included in the file management information.

Alternatively, after the medium is manufactured, an EFM modulation signal including absolute time information, that is, address information may be recorded in the file management area as an initialization operation. For example, the head address of the user data area may be entered as the head address of the unrecorded part. Of course, various information for drive control may be recorded together. In this case, the drive used by the user does not need to be provided with a special function, which is preferable.

Further, it is also possible to provide a groove wobble immediately before the file management area or up to the very beginning of the file management area for addressing. It is desirable that the connection and synchronization between the absolute time information of the EFM modulated signal recorded in the file management area and the absolute time information of the ATIP in the user data area be as smooth as possible and that the absolute time does not jump. As the synchronization method, a method described in JP-A-3-88124 or the like can be used.

Since the file management information is a table of contents of user data, if the amount of recorded user data is small, the file management information is also small. However, in the present invention, in order to give continuity to the absolute time information between the file management area and the user data area, the file management information unrecorded portion of the file management area is also
It is desirable to record the EFM modulation signal in the form of dummy data. The recording order of the dummy data and the file management information is arbitrary.

For example, if the file management information is recorded from the beginning of the file management area, it is preferable to record the dummy data including the synchronization information and the address information from the end to the end of the file management area. On the other hand, the end of the file management information may be matched with the end of the file management area from the viewpoint of the continuity of the address information. In this case, it is preferable to record dummy data from the head of the file management area to the head of the file management information. When performing the above-described initialization operation, only the dummy data needs to be recorded in the entire area.

In the present invention, the above medium is used,
Provided is an optical information recording method for shifting a recording start position every time part or all of file management information including dummy information is rewritten. It is known that, when repetitive overwriting is performed, shifting the recording start position little by little is useful for delaying signal deterioration due to mass transfer of the phase change medium (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2-94113 and 3-3-113). 15072
5 publications). By applying this recording method to the file management area of the medium of the present invention, signal degradation can be reduced. If the amount of shift is too large, it will exceed the allowable range of the absolute time information and is therefore limited to some extent, but a sufficient improvement effect can be obtained, for example, at about 10 to 100 μm.

The CD-E has been described above as an example, but as described above, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, the data signal may be a modulation signal including address information and synchronization information, and is not limited to an EFM modulation signal. Providing groove-shaped signal deformation is one method of increasing the density of a recording medium, and can be applied to a recording medium having another format. Of course, the present invention is also effective in this case.

For example, as a logical format standard including the CD standard, there is ISO9660 (High Shera File Format). In the current CD standard,
Only the physical file structure is described in the file management area, and the physical position of the data in block units is described as absolute time information. The hierarchical structure of a file, that is, the so-called directory structure cannot be described.

In ISO9660, a physical structure is described in a file management area, and a directory structure is described as a path table in a specific area of a user data area. In this case, it is obvious that the path table of the specific area is also included in the file management area according to the present invention. In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-2108
No. 49 discloses that file management information is temporarily or transiently recorded in a specific area other than the final file management area. In this case, the repeated overwriting durability of the specific area becomes a problem, but the file management area of the present invention includes such a specific area.

[0044]

As described above, according to the optical information recording medium and the optical information recording method of the present invention, the deterioration in the file management area in which the deterioration at the time of repeated overwriting of the phase change medium is particularly problematic. , The reliability and durability of the disk can be improved, and the life as a medium can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a wobble in a groove including address information.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a recording pulse division pattern of an EFM random signal.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of overwrites and the 3T jitter of the optical information recording medium of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanism of promoting deterioration due to the presence of a wobble.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing deterioration of repetitive recording characteristics when wobble is present;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing deterioration of repetitive recording characteristics when there is no wobble;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of an optical information recording medium to which the present invention is applied. 1 groove 2 land 3 substrate 4 groove wall 5 actual center line of groove 6 average center line of groove 7 recording light beam 8 wobble amplitude 9 Reserved area 10 File management area 11 User data area

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An optical information recording medium having a rewritable phase-change recording layer provided on a substrate, wherein the substrate is provided with a concentric or spiral groove for guiding a focused light beam. A user data area and a file management area are formed along the groove. In the user data area, the groove shape is signal-deformed by a signal representing address information and synchronization information, and the groove shape is fixed in the file management area. An optical information recording medium, comprising: 2. The optical information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the signal deformation of the groove shape in the user data area is meandering of the groove. 3. The optical information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein a groove width in the file management area is smaller than a groove width in the user data area. 4. An optical information recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a special information area is provided in which cue information of the file management area is recorded by signal deformation of a groove shape. Medium. 5. The optical information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein address information is recorded in the file management area by the same recording method as the user data as the initialization operation. 6. An optical information recording medium having a rewritable phase-change recording layer provided on a substrate, wherein the substrate has concentric or spiral grooves for guiding a focused light beam. A user data area and a file management area are formed along the groove. In the user data area, the groove shape is signal-deformed by a signal representing address information and synchronization information, and the groove shape is fixed in the file management area. An optical information recording method characterized in that a recording start position is shifted every time part or all of file management information is rewritten using a set medium.