JPH1033013A - Growth promotion of gel-coated seed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain a crop such as spinach, capable of promoting growth of gel-coated seed, having good establishment of seedlings and uniform harvesting period, capable of increasing not only yield, but also labor productivity and having high oxygen requirement. SOLUTION: Stored get-coated seeds obtained by using an aqueous gel of sodium alginate are immersed into an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (preferably having >=0.1wt.% concentration) before or after forced sprouting treatment of these seeds. Thereby, oxygen-enriching treatment of these seeds is carried out to promote growth of gel-coated seeds.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A technique for encapsulating plant seeds in microcapsules, that is, a gel coating technique for seeds, improves the germination rate due to the moisture contained in the coated gel layer, and reduces the germination rate to a level that is not suitable for conventional mechanical sowing. Such seeds can be mechanically sowed even for non-spherical seeds or non-spherical seeds, or the addition of various chemicals or fertilizers to the gel layer has a remarkable effect such as an improvement in crop yield.

[0003] Among them, coating with an aqueous gel cured by metal ions is easy to manufacture, inexpensive,
In addition, it has come to be used particularly widely because it has little adverse effect on seed germination. After making these gel-coated seeds and before germination, the gel-coated seeds are further immersed in hydrogen peroxide solution to improve the germination rate and germination rate, so that the inside of the coating gel layer is enriched with oxygen, and the necessary oxygen is easily supplied during germination So-called hydrogen peroxide treatment (JP-A-4-271707)
No. 1). FIGS. 4A and 4B show the flow of the oxygen enrichment process.

[0004] The oxygen enrichment according to this prior art was an excellent technique capable of increasing the germination rate. However, when the growth state after germination is observed from the outside of the coating gel layer (which is transparent because it is composed of an aqueous gel), it is a temperature suitable for the growth of buds and roots, and the temperature required for growth by the coating gel layer. Despite water being supplied to the roots, some seeds were found to have stopped growing temporarily. When the growth is stopped in this way, the coating gel layer is likely to rot, and as a result, problems such as illness and reduced yield are caused. Also,
Even when the growth does not stop, the roots are wound in the coating gel layer and the time required for protrusion (producing buds and roots outside the coating gel layer) is prolonged. Standing is poor, and the harvest time is likely to be irregular,
In the case of root crops, the shape of the crop is out of the standard, and the commercial value is greatly reduced.

[0005] Here, the "root winding" state of the gel-coated seed will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 (a)
(C) is a model diagram showing a root growth state in an ideal case. That is, the seeds in the gel-coated seeds of FIG. 1 (a) germinate (FIG. 1 (b)) and then protrude (FIG. (C)).
On the other hand, FIG. 2A to FIG.
Shown in That is, the seeds in the gel-coated seed of FIG. 2 (a) germinate (root) (FIG. 2 (b)), but their roots do not grow straight but bend due to lack of oxygen or other causes (FIG. 2 (b)). 2 (c)), does not easily project (FIG. 2)
(D)). Since the protrusion is delayed in this way, the effect of oxygen deficiency becomes greater, or the energy of root growth is exhausted, and as shown in FIG. .

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing the interruption of the growth of the above-mentioned oxygen-enriched gel-coated seed and promoting the growth.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems Hydrogen peroxide permeates the gel-coated seeds into the coated gel layer by the hydrogen peroxide treatment, and finally reaches the seeds to be encapsulated, and the seed surface has a fine irregular surface. Therefore, it is considered that oxygen generated by this action is decomposed and accumulated in the coating gel layer. Thereafter, the encapsulated seeds are rooted by the germination process, and the roots are thought to grow while absorbing the oxygen.

[0008] The present invention was deemed to cause the above-mentioned interruption of growth due to lack of oxygen around the roots accompanying the growth of the roots of such oxygen-enriched gel-coated seeds, and reached the present invention. . That is, the method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds of the present invention has a configuration in which oxygen enrichment treatment is performed before and after germination treatment, respectively, as described in claim 1. With such a configuration, it is considered that oxygen necessary for the growth can be supplied to the periphery of the root that has germinated as a result of the germination process.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a gel-coated seed is formed by a known method. For example, a droplet of an aqueous gel-forming aqueous solution for seed coating is formed at the tip of a thin tube, and seeds are added to the droplet using a thin tube. Thereafter, the gel droplet is insolubilized with water. It can be prepared by dropping a solution containing a metal ion having an action (hereinafter, referred to as “curing liquid”).

Here, what forms the aqueous gel includes:
Examples include sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate. In addition, divalent metals such as calcium and barium and aluminum are used as metal ions for curing these as a gel, and these are usually used as an aqueous chloride solution to prevent adverse effects on plant objects.

FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show an example of the processing flow of the method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds according to the present invention.
Thus, the first oxygen enrichment treatment may be performed immediately after the formation of the gel coating layer, or may be performed after storage. The first oxygen enrichment treatment is performed on the gel-coated seed prepared as described above or the gel-coated seed stored as necessary after the preparation. The oxygen enrichment treatment is performed, for example, by immersing the gel-coated seed in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution. At this time, if the hydrogen peroxide concentration is too low, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained. If the concentration is too high, the seeds inside the coating gel layer and their buds and roots will be damaged. For this reason, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is examined in advance so as not to cause damage to the plant and to supply sufficient oxygen.

In the case of immersion in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, if the treatment time is too long, the coating gel layer will swell, and if it is too short, the effect will be small. In addition, the treatment is performed at a temperature at which the contained seeds are not adversely affected, that is, in the range of 1 ° C. to 40 ° C. The germination treatment refers to maintaining the seeds under conditions suitable for germination, and specifically refers to maintaining the seeds at a temperature suitable for germination (known in the Agricultural and Horticultural Encyclopedia, etc.).

Here, the germination treatment is desirably carried out immediately after the first oxygen enrichment treatment in order to effectively utilize the oxygen generated in the first oxygen enrichment treatment. However, after the first oxygen enrichment treatment, the oxygen exists for some time after the oxygen enrichment treatment, so that some effects can be obtained even if germination occurs during that period.

Following the germination treatment, a second oxygen enrichment treatment is performed. This may be performed under the same conditions as the first oxygen enrichment treatment, or under different conditions. In the first treatment, only hydrogen peroxide comes into contact with the seed hulls, whereas the second oxygen enrichment treatment is performed. In such a case, since roots and buds are present due to the germination treatment, it is necessary that the roots and the buds are not adversely affected. Specifically, when immersing in an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is preferably 0.1% by weight or more. When the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is high, the processing time can be shortened. The second oxygen enrichment treatment needs to be performed after seed germination and before roots are wound.

[0015] Since the coating gel layer is disinfected by the oxygen enrichment treatment with hydrogen peroxide after the germination treatment, the occurrence of diseases is reduced in addition to the faster root protruding. 2
After the second oxygen enrichment treatment, seed the seeds before they protrude. If the protrusions occur, the roots and shoots may be damaged, so that mechanical sowing cannot be performed.

[0016]

【Example】

<< Example 1: Results of investigation using gel-coated spinach seeds >> Gel-coated seeds were produced using spinach seeds. In other words, spinach seeds have an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 6 mm.
The solution was introduced into a 3% by weight aqueous solution of sodium alginate using a glass tube having a diameter of 3 mm, and the droplets were dropped into a 10% by weight aqueous solution of calcium chloride.
Contact for 0 seconds to insolubilize with water to obtain spherical gel-coated seed A (diameter of coated gel layer: 10 mm, weight: 0.5
2 g, water content of the coated gel layer: 96.5% by weight).

Immediately after production, 800 gel-coated seeds A were immersed in 2 l of a 0.3% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 minutes (first oxygen enrichment treatment). Next, germination treatment was carried out for 24 hours at 20 ° C. in the dark to obtain gel-coated seeds B. A second oxygen enrichment treatment was performed on half of these gel-coated seeds B. That is, the gel-coated seed C was immersed in 1 l of a 0.1% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 minutes.
I got These gel-coated seeds B and C were sown on a petri dish covered with filter paper, kept at 20 ° C. in the dark, and the progress of the germination rate and protrusion rate were examined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0018]

[Table 1] Germination rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ───────────── Sample 1 day 2 days 3 days ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━ Gel-coated seed B (Comparative Example 1) 4.0 30.8 62.8 Gel-coated seed C (Example 1) 4.0 43.5 74.5． ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

[0019]

[Table 2] Projection rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ───────────── Sample 1 day 2 days 3 days ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ゲ ル Gel-coated seed B (Comparative Example 1) 1.8 13.0 48.3 Gel-coated seed C (Example 1) 1.8 32.8 67.0 ━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

According to Tables 1 and 2, the germination rate and protrusion rate of the gel-coated spinach seed C, which was subjected to oxygen-enrichment treatment before and after the germination treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention, were determined only before the germination treatment. It can be seen that both are higher than the gel-coated spinach seed B that has been subjected to the enrichment treatment.

Example 2: Results of investigation using gel-coated corn seeds Gel-coated seeds were prepared using corn seeds. That is, the corn seeds are 16 m in outer diameter.
of a 3% by weight aqueous sodium alginate solution using a glass tube having an inner diameter of 14 mm and a drop of 10% by weight into a 10% by weight aqueous solution of calcium chloride. And insolubilized to form a spherical gel-coated seed D (diameter of coated gel layer: 14 mm,
(Weight: about 2 g, moisture content of coating gel layer: 96.5% by weight)
Was prepared.

Immediately after production, 800 gel-coated seeds D were immersed in 2 l of 0.5% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 minutes (first oxygen enrichment treatment). Next, germination treatment was carried out for 24 hours under a dark condition of 25 ° C. to obtain a gel-coated seed E. A second oxygen enrichment treatment was performed on half of these gel-coated seeds E. That is, the gel-coated seed F was immersed in 1 l of a 0.1% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 minutes.
I got These gel-coated seeds E and F were sown on a Petri dish covered with filter paper, kept at 25 ° C. in the dark, and the progress of the germination rate and protrusion rate were examined. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0023]

[Table 3] Germination rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ───────────── Sample 1 day 2 days 3 days ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━ Gel-coated seed E (Comparative Example 2) 20.0 55.0 72.0 Gel-coated seed F (Example 2) 20.0 76.0 84.0 ━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

[0024]

[Table 4] Projection rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ───────────── Sample 1 day 2 days 3 days ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━ Gel-coated seed E (Comparative Example 2) 0.0 30.0 56.0 Gel-coated seed F (Example 2) 1.8 58.0 72.0 ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

From Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the germination rate and protrusion rate of the gel-coated corn seed E subjected to the oxygen enrichment treatment before and after the germination treatment, which is an example of the present invention, were determined only before the germination treatment. It can be seen that both are higher than the gel-coated corn seed F that has been subjected to the enrichment treatment.

Example 3 Results of Study Using Gel-Coated Spinach Seeds: Part 1 A gel-coated seed was produced using spinach seeds. That is, spinach seeds were gel-coated seeds G (diameter of coated gel layer:
10 mm, weight: 0.52 g, moisture content of coated gel layer: 9
6.5% by weight). The above gel-coated seed G800
Immediately after production, 2 l of a 0.3% by weight aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide
For 10 minutes (first oxygen enrichment treatment). Next, germination treatment was carried out for 24 hours at 20 ° C. in the dark to obtain gel-coated seeds H. These gel-coated seeds H400
A second oxygen enrichment treatment was performed on the individual. That is,
It was immersed in 1 l of a 0.1% by weight aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 minutes to obtain a gel-coated seed I.

On the other hand, the gel-coated seeds G were germinated under the same conditions as the gel-coated seeds H without performing the first oxygen enrichment treatment.
l for 5 minutes to perform an oxygen enrichment treatment (gel-coated seed J). Each of these gel-coated seeds G, H, I and J was sown on a petri dish covered with filter paper by 400 pieces,
The temperature was kept at 20 ° C. in the dark, and the progress of the germination rate and the protrusion rate were examined thereafter. The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

[0028]

[Table 5] Germination rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ──────────────── Sample 2 days 3 days 4 days 5 days 6 days ──────────────── ━━━━━━━━━━ Gel coated seed G (Comparative Example 3) 3.0 6.8 21.5 38.5 48.5 Gel coated seed H (Comparative Example 4) 28.8 64.3 72.3 88.0 96.0 Gel coated seed I (Example 3) 46.0 76.0 95.0 98.3 98.5 Gel coated seed J (Comparative Example 5) 9.0 53.0 66.5 76.0 92.8 ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

[0029]

[Table 6] Projection rate (%) 日 Days after sowing ───── ──────────────── Sample 2 days 3 days 4 days 5 days 6 days ──────────────── ━━━━━━━━━━ Gel-coated seed G (Comparative Example 3) 0.0 1.0 4.3 13.5 22.5 Gel-coated seed H (Comparative Example 4) 9.0 31.3 51.0 63.3 91.0 Gel-coated seed I (Example 3) 22.8 51.8 78.0 85.0 92.8 Gel coated seed J (Comparative Example 5) 1.3 26.0 47.0 54.3 82.8 ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

From Tables 5 and 6, it can be seen that the germination rate and protrusion rate of the gel-coated spinach seed I subjected to the oxygen enrichment treatment before and after the germination treatment, which is an example of the present invention, can be determined only before or after the germination treatment. Compared to gel-coated spinach seeds H and J, which were subjected to oxygen-enrichment treatment only after germination, and gel-coated spinach seeds G, which were not subjected to oxygen-enrichment treatment,
It turns out that both are high. In addition, although it is not shown about a specific number because it is difficult to determine, in the observation on the 6th day after sowing, among the gel-coated seeds I, those whose roots are wound in the coating gel layer are the gel-coated seeds G and H. In comparison, it was remarkably reduced (less than half), and it was confirmed that root enrichment was reduced by oxygen enrichment after seeding.

Example 4 Results of Study Using Gel-Coated Spinach Seeds: Part 2 The gel-coated spinach seeds G prepared in Example 3 were stored at 2 ° C. in the dark for 10 days. This was subjected to an oxygen enrichment treatment and a germination treatment in the same manner as the gel-coated seed H, to obtain a gel-coated seed K. A second oxygen enrichment treatment was performed on the 400 gel-coated seeds similarly to the gel-coated seeds I to obtain gel-coated seeds L.

The gel-coated seeds K and L were each 40
0 seeds were seeded on a Petri dish with 100 filter papers each, kept at 20 ° C. in the dark, and the progress of the germination rate and the projection rate were examined. The results are shown in Tables 7 and 8.

[0033]

[Table 7] Germination rate (%) 経 過 Elapsed time from sowing ─────────────────────── Sample 24 hours 36 hours 48 hours 72 hours ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Gel coated seed K (Comparative Example 6) 26.5 38.0 68.0 84.0 Gel coated seed L (Example 4) 26.5 52.0 85.8 97.0}

[0034]

[Table 8] Projection rate (%) 経 過 Elapsed time from sowing ─────────────────────── Sample 24 hours 36 hours 48 hours 72 hours ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Gel-coated seed K (Comparative Example 6) 1.0 11.5 34.0 64.0 Gel-coated seed L (Example) 4) 1.0 21.5 42.0 81.8━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

From Tables 7 and 8, it can be seen that the effects of the present invention can also be obtained with stored gel-coated seeds.

[0036]

The gel-coated seeds treated by the method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds of the present invention germinate and protrude immediately after sowing because sufficient oxygen is supplied for growth. With such gel-coated seeds, the seedlings stand well and the harvest time is uniform, so that not only the yield but also the labor productivity can be increased. Further, since roots are less likely to curl in the coated gel layer, the occurrence of diseases and delay in growth are reduced, and the decrease in the commercial value of the harvest of root vegetables is also reduced. In the present invention, since the oxygen enrichment treatment is performed twice, sufficient oxygen can be supplied to crops with high oxygen demand (spinach, beet, etc.) without being harmed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a model diagram showing a state from germination to protrusion when a root is not wound. (A) Gel-coated seed (b) State immediately after germination (c) Projected state

Fig. 2 (a) Gel-coated seed (b) Immediately after germination (c) Root rolled (d) Protruded (e) Root growth stopped without protruding

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a process flow from formation of a coated gel layer to sowing when the method of promoting the growth of a gel-coated seed of the present invention is employed. (A) When not storing (b) When storing

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a processing flow from formation of a coated gel layer to sowing when a conventional method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds is employed. (A) When not storing (b) When storing

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for promoting the growth of gel-coated seeds, wherein oxygen enrichment treatment is performed before and after germination treatment, respectively. 2. The method for promoting growth of gel-coated seeds according to claim 1, wherein oxygen enrichment treatment is performed before and after germination of the stored gel-coated seeds. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the oxygen enrichment treatments performed before and after the germination treatment of the gel-coated seeds is performed by immersing the gel-coated seeds in an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide. The method for promoting the growth of a gel-coated seed according to claim 2.