JPH10323665A - Water-producing apparatus for emergency - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress deterioration of the performance of separation membrane elements and make control and maintenance easy by individually installing a power unit to pump up raw water and increase pressure and a separation membrane unit. SOLUTION: To pump up raw water from a water source, a raw water pump 13 driven by an engine, a manually-driven pump 15, an externally portable type pump 9, and a pump 11 of a fire engine can be selectively employed and a raw water pump 13 directly connected with an engine 14 is mounted on a sub-frame of a power unit equipped with casters for transportation. A check valve 16, a relief valve 19, a prefilter 20 for filtration, etc., are installed in the power unit and at the same time an aspirator 34, a sterilizer bottle 37, etc., are installed to add a sterilizer to the drinking water produced by the separation membrane unit. On the other hand, a separation membrane unit produced by uniting a plurality of spiral modules in series is used as the separation membrane unit and connected with the power unit through one-touch joints 23, 25; 31; 33 in a freely detachable manner.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for recovering rivers, lakes,
The present invention relates to an emergency fresh water generator that supplies drinking water and miscellaneous water (washing water, bath water, dishwashing water, etc.) by separating mixed components or dissolved components in raw water such as ponds, pools, and disaster prevention water tanks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To remove mixed or dissolved components such as SS components and salts from water such as rivers and lakes to obtain drinking water,
A separation membrane unit in which a plurality of unit structures incorporating a separation membrane element composed of an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane are assembled, and a power unit for pumping and pressurizing raw water to the separation membrane unit are integrally configured. Equipment is used.

[0003] Raw water is supplied from the power unit to the separation membrane unit under pressure and introduced into the supply pipe of the separation membrane element.
SS components, mixed or dissolved components such as salts are separated,
The permeated water after the separation is discharged from the permeated water pipe through the central pipe to become drinking water, and the high-pressure concentrated water is discharged from the discharge pipe, so as to become miscellaneous water.

Generally, a separation membrane unit and a power unit for pumping and supplying raw water are generally manufactured integrally without being separated.

[0005]

However, in the case of an integrated device in which raw water can be supplied from a fire engine or an external portable pump, it is necessary to take measures against freezing of the separation membrane unit during storage in a cold region. In such a case, it is exaggerated to move the entire device to an appropriate storage room. In addition, as the size of the apparatus increases, the number of connection points of the pipes inevitably increases, and there is a high risk that the preservation solution leaks out of the separation membrane element or the performance of the separation membrane element deteriorates due to the expiration of the preservation solution due to the suction of outside air. In addition, if the performance of the separation membrane element deteriorates due to long-term storage or actual operation, and it is time to replace the element, this may contribute to an increase in maintenance and management costs, such as dispatching maintenance staff locally. Has become.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional emergency water purifier, to reduce the performance of the separation membrane element, and to provide excellent performance such as easy storage and maintenance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a new emergency fresh water generator.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel emergency fresh water generator that can be operated even when power is not restored, such as during a disaster emergency.

[0008]

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, the object of the present invention has been industrially advantageously achieved by the present invention having the following constitution.

[1] An emergency fresh water generator characterized by being divided into a power unit for pumping and boosting raw water and a separation membrane unit.

[2] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1], wherein the separation membrane provided in the separation membrane unit is a reverse osmosis membrane.

[3] The reverse osmosis membrane has a raw water pressure of 7 kgf / c.
m ² , temperature 25 ° C., salt concentration 500 mg / l (Nacl), water permeability 0.6 m ³ / m ² · day or more, salt rejection 98.
The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [2], which is a reverse osmosis membrane having a performance of 0% or more.

[4] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1], wherein the power source and the means for pumping and raising the raw water are arranged in one power unit.

[5] The power source of the power unit is an engine, and a means that can be manually driven and a means for receiving high-pressure raw water are provided in parallel, each having a check valve structure. The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1].

[6] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1], wherein the power source and the means for pumping and boosting the raw water are arranged in the subframe.

[7] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [6], wherein vibration isolating means is provided between the subframe and the power unit.

[8] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1], wherein the power unit and the separation membrane unit are connected by a one-touch joint of a closed circuit and a flexible hose.

[9] The emergency fresh water generator according to the above [1], wherein a disinfectant introduction mechanism is provided downstream of the separation membrane, and a check cone is provided between the two.

[10] The above-mentioned [1], which has a container in which water and a solid germicide are charged as a germicide supply source.
Emergency desalination machine as described.

That is, the basic configuration of the present invention is an "emergency desalination machine characterized by being divided into a power unit for pumping and boosting raw water and a separation membrane unit".
Normally, an engine is used as the drive source for a pump that pumps and pressurizes raw water. In addition, raw water is pumped and supplied under pressure by a pump driven by human power. In addition, the piping connection port with the power unit that can receive the supply of raw water from fire engines and external portable pumps is also equipped with a separation membrane unit that uses a one-touch fitting that automatically closes when removed. By making the unit smaller and lighter, and by minimizing the number of pipe connection points, the inside of the unit has a highly sealed structure,
The structure is such that it can be easily attached and detached.

As a result, it is easy to take measures against freezing in a cold region, and the storage liquid filled in the unit to prevent deterioration of the performance of the element leaks from a pipe connection point, and the storage liquid expires due to suction of outside air. It is possible to remarkably suppress the performance deterioration of the separation membrane element due to the above.

When the performance of the separation membrane element is degraded due to long-term storage or actual operation, and it becomes time to replace the element, the separation membrane unit is divided and configured, so that the separation membrane element can be locally installed. By replacing each loaded unit based on production management at the factory instead of performing replacement work, it is possible to expect low cost, quick and high reliability, and efficient and rational maintenance is possible Becomes

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The emergency desalination machine of the present invention has at least a power source, a power unit as a means for pumping / pressurizing raw water, and a separation membrane unit. It has pretreatment means, sterilization means, control means, protection functions and the like. The main unit is lightweight and small in volume so that it can be effectively operated and used even in areas where installation is difficult and there are major restrictions, such as disaster areas and disaster areas. The weight is preferably 100 to 180 kg, and the volume is preferably 1.0 to 2.5 m ³ . Further, it is preferable to be able to operate for 8 hours or more without maintenance such as replenishment of chemicals and fuel. In addition, the frame of each unit is preferably an integrated structure, and a steel tube bending integrated structure is particularly preferable so that handling and maintenance of the device are easy and the weight can be reduced.

In a disaster area, there is a high possibility that various operational bases such as power supply are hindered. Therefore, it is preferable to incorporate a drive source and an energy source. It is preferable that the pumping of raw water can be performed stand-alone without requiring external support. In addition, the ability to remove water, bacteria, viruses, and fine particles, as well as salinity, heavy metals, and organic matter, from water sources that are unsuitable for drinking, such as river water, lake water, pool water, and well water, and produce water that can withstand drinking. Is required.

It should be noted that the desalination machine of the present invention is not limited to use in a disaster area or a stricken area, but can exert the same utility as long as operating conditions and locations are the same. ,
For example, there are entertainments and events in remote areas and outdoors, camps, and the like.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of the apparatus according to the present invention. In the present invention, the intake for taking in raw water is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a hose having a strainer (1) preferably made of a 10 to 50 mesh wire mesh at the tip of the hose. However, it is difficult to accurately set the position of the intake port with only such a configuration, and there is a possibility that, for example, dust near the shore, suspended matter on the water surface, or sediment at the bottom of the water may be sucked. Therefore, it is preferable to have buoyancy adjusting means for setting the raw water intake at a predetermined depth or position. Specifically, the raw water intake is set at a predetermined depth by providing a float and a weight. A foam, a hollow body, or the like is used as the float, and the shape is not particularly limited, such as a donut shape, a spherical shape, and a square shape. In FIG. 1, a floating member (3) in the shape of a fork is used. The weight is not particularly limited with respect to the material shape. In FIG. 1, the pipe-shaped intake pipe and pole (4) plays a role. In this case, the buoyancy balance can be adjusted by shifting the float penetrating the pole up and down. In the case of a spherical buoy, the length of the rope to be moored may be adjusted. It is not necessary to clearly distinguish the float and the weight, and it is important that the buoyancy balance is adjusted so that the water intake is located at a predetermined water depth. Further, if a hole is provided in the pole above the water surface to form a pipe hole in the pole to evacuate the air collected in the water intake pipe, the posture stability is improved. It is also preferable to use an air vent valve using a check cone for the air vent. Also, mark (5) so that the position can be clearly identified.
May be provided. This can be achieved by mooring the anchor (7) with a rope (6) with a margin to keep it at a fixed position. For example, as a float, an outer diameter of Φ295 m
m, weight 1.04kg, buoyancy 14kg, spherical integrally molded PVC float, diameter Φ350mm, length 600
mm, cylindrical foamed styrene float, etc., as a water intake pipe and pole, a stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of about Φ30 is used as a water intake pipe, and a plastic pole coated with fluorescent paint is attached to the tip of it. But 30k as an anchor
As a water intake hose having a weight of about g, there is a transparent soft PVC hose containing a spiral wire having an outer diameter of about φ30.

The power source of the present invention is preferably an engine (14), and specific examples include a gasoline engine and a diesel engine. An air-cooled engine is preferable in consideration of weight reduction. Alternatively, an electric motor may be used when electricity can be secured by a power supply vehicle or an emergency power supply.

The raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water of the present invention introduces raw water from a water source such as a river, a lake, a pond, a pool, a disaster prevention water tank into the main body of the emergency fresh water generator of the present invention. It fulfills its function. In consideration of the location where the desalination machine of the present invention is used, the raw water suction head is preferably 2 m or more. If a specific example is given, preferably the capacity is 5 m or more,
More preferably, the pump has a self-priming capacity of 9 m or more. The pump also has the function of increasing the pressure of raw water to a high pressure. Although it differs slightly depending on the membrane performance, a pump having a capacity of preferably 5 kgf / cm ² or more, more preferably a capacity of 7 kgf / cm ² or more is preferable. That is, the raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water requires a pump of a type having both self-priming ability and pressurizing ability.

Generally, as the rotation speed of the pump increases, both the total head and the discharge amount tend to increase. However, it is important to select a pump specification within an optimum operation range.

Also, as in the case of the pump, the engine (14) also has an optimum operating range for its rotational speed. Therefore, in order to obtain the required pump performance, the engine specifications must be determined from the shaft output and the shaft rotational speed. It is important to choose. The method of transmitting the driving force includes a method using a belt, a chain, and the like, and a method for directly driving. When the engine output shaft and the rotation speed of the pump match, the method for directly driving is far apart. In such a case, a method of reducing or increasing the speed by a belt, a chain, or the like is used.

In FIG. 1, the rotational force of the engine is directly transmitted to the pump (13) via the shaft coupling (17). Note that FIG.
As shown in (1), it is also preferable to arrange the engine (14) and the raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water on the sub-frame (42). The subframe according to the present invention includes a vibration source such as an engine (14), a raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water, and other components of the water generator or a power unit frame (40) of the water generator body. And a skeleton or substrate that isolates the With the subframe (42), the engine (14) and the raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water
It is difficult for the generated vibration to be transmitted to the power unit frame (40), so that the discomfort of the vibration is reduced and troubles such as loosening of the screw of the fresh water generator are reduced. Although the sub-frame (42) may be provided separately for each configuration, it is more economical and more economical to arrange the engine (14) and the raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water on one common substrate. Space is preferable because maintenance is easy. Sub-frame (42)
It is preferable to arrange a vibration isolating means between the power unit frame (40) and the power unit frame (40). As the anti-vibration means, anti-vibration material (43)
In the material, natural rubber,
An anti-vibration rubber such as neoprene can be used. Engine (14), raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water
And the sub-frame (42) are sufficiently fixed by ordinary metal bolts or the like.

In the present invention, in addition to the means for pumping and pressurizing raw water by means of the engine (14) and the raw water pump (13) for pumping and pressurizing raw water, means using human power as a power source, and further fire fighting Raw water can also be supplied from an automobile or an external general-purpose pump using a drive source as an engine (gasoline or diesel), an electric motor, or compressed air.

The means which can be driven manually and which pumps the raw water and raises the pressure of the raw water to high pressure is not particularly limited. Here, the means which can be driven manually means that the driving source is a human hand or foot. A reciprocating mechanism is preferred, but a handle-type mechanism may be used if necessary. Further, it is preferable that the load is such that the tire does not fatigue in a short time. In particular, a foot-operated type is preferable because it causes less fatigue. It is also preferable to provide a spring mechanism that returns when the reciprocating motion returns by the recovery force of the spring. The invention can be manually driven,
Means (15) for pumping raw water and increasing the pressure of the raw water to a high pressure
Considering the location where the emergency desalination machine of the present invention is used from water sources such as rivers, lakes, marshes, ponds, pools, disaster prevention water tanks, etc., the raw water suction head is preferably 2 m or more. The means for manually pumping raw water and increasing the pressure of the raw water to a high pressure according to the present invention also has a function of increasing the pressure of the raw water or pretreated raw water to a pressure at which it can be subjected to membrane separation. Although it differs slightly depending on the membrane performance, the capacity is preferably 3 kgf /
cm ² or more, more preferably capability preferably 5 kgf / cm ² or more pumps. A specific example is preferably a self-priming type rowing wing pump having a built-in check valve having a capacity of 3 kgf / cm ² or more.

Also, when the pressurized raw water is supplied from an external portable pump (9) whose driving source is an engine (gasoline or diesel), an electric motor, or compressed air, the raw water is supplied from the raw water receiving port (10). Receive supply. Furthermore, when receiving the pressurized raw water supply from the fire engine pump (11), accept it from the fire hose connection fitting (12). The raw water pressure from the external portable pump (9) or the fire engine pump (11) may be supplied at a water pressure as high as 10 kgf / cm ² or more. 19), when supplied with a high water pressure of 8 kgf / cm ² or more, it is preferable to bypass the raw water from the valve.

In the present invention, an engine drive pump (13), a means (15) for pumping raw water that can be driven manually and increasing the pressure of the raw water to a high pressure, and a means for receiving the raw water pressurized to a high pressure are provided. This makes it possible to respond flexibly in the event of a disaster. These means are preferably provided in a parallel arrangement. This is because the means not used in the series arrangement causes extra resistance and lowers the energy efficiency. In addition, it is preferable that each means is provided with a check valve (16), a backflow can be prevented without requiring a switching valve between the means, and the mechanism is simple and the switching is not troublesome. That is, one of the means for receiving the various raw waters is selectively used, and the other means is bypassed without functioning.

In the present invention, the raw water pumping / pressurizing means is provided in the power unit, and a disinfectant adding device is incorporated in the power unit. Another unit, a separation membrane unit, is made small and lightweight so as to be portable, and has a structure that can be easily attached and detached. When the fresh water generator is not used, the separation membrane unit is removed from the power unit and stored.

As a result, in order to prevent the performance of the separation membrane element from deteriorating, the leakage of the filled storage solution from the pipe connection point and the deterioration of the performance of the separation membrane element due to the expiration of the storage solution due to the suction of outside air are significantly suppressed. Became possible. In addition, it is easy to take measures against freezing of the compact and lightweight separation membrane unit. Furthermore, even if the performance of the separation membrane element has deteriorated due to long-term storage or actual operation,
By replacing each loaded unit based on production control at the factory instead of replacing the separation membrane element on site, inexpensive, quick and high reliability can be expected, and efficient and rational Maintenance is now possible.

The separation membrane incorporated in the separation membrane unit of the present invention is preferably a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane). Here, the reverse osmosis membrane is a semi-permeable membrane that allows some components in the liquid mixture to be separated, for example, a solvent to pass through but not other components. As the material, polymer materials such as cellulose acetate polymer, polyamide, polyester, polyimide, and vinyl polymer are often used. The membrane structure has a dense layer on at least one surface of the film, and an asymmetric film having fine pores having a large pore diameter gradually from the dense layer toward the inside of the film or the other surface. There are composite membranes with a very thin active layer formed of a material. The membrane form includes a hollow fiber and a flat membrane. However, the method of the present invention can be used irrespective of the material, membrane structure and membrane form of the reverse osmosis membrane, and is very effective. Typical reverse osmosis membranes include, for example, a cellulose acetate-based or polyamide-based asymmetric membrane and a composite membrane having a polyamide-based or polyurea-based active layer. Among them, the method of the present invention is effective for cellulose acetate-based asymmetric membranes and polyamide-based composite membranes, and is particularly effective for aromatic polyamide-based composite membranes.

As for the membrane performance, the raw water pressure was 7 kgf / cm.
^{2. Under} the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a salt concentration of 500 mg / l (Nacl), the water permeability is preferably 0.3 m ³ / m ² · day or more, more preferably 0.6 m ³ / m ² · day or more. . Also,
Under the same conditions as above, the salt exclusion rate is preferably 98.0% or more, more preferably 99.0% or more.

The reverse osmosis membrane element is formed by morphing the above reverse osmosis membrane for practical use. The flat membrane is incorporated in a spiral, tubular, plate and frame element, and the hollow fiber is The present invention is not limited to the form of these reverse osmosis membrane elements, although they can be used after being bundled and incorporated into the elements.

A reverse osmosis membrane module unit is a module in which one to several reverse osmosis membrane elements are housed in a pressure vessel and arranged in parallel. The combination, number and arrangement of the modules are arbitrarily determined according to the purpose. be able to.

It is preferable to provide a means for introducing a bactericide in order to maintain the sanitary condition and preservability of the produced water. Although not particularly limited, the following examples are given.
Fill the disinfectant bottle (37) with water and solid disinfectant. Here, by adding an excess bactericide, the obtained bactericide solution is saturated and the concentration is always almost constant, so that the quantitative addition of the bactericide can be easily performed. In addition,
The disinfectant bottle (37) preferably has a volume of about 1.5-3 L. This is because the disinfectant solution can be operated without running out for more than 8 hours. This sterilant solution is passed through a sterile capillary tube (36)
It is introduced into the production water by an aspirator (34). Since the performance of the separation membrane may be degraded by a bactericide, as shown in FIG.
It is preferably provided downstream of the O membrane module (26).
Further, the disinfectant addition ratio may be adjusted by adjusting the length of the disinfectant tube (36) or by using a disinfectant adjusting valve (35) having the same mechanism as the flow rate adjusting device used for infusion. . Although it is not particularly limited as a bactericide, the dosage form is preferably solid because of easy handling. In view of the sterilizing power, chlorine is preferable, and specific examples include calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite.

When the fresh water generator is stopped, the produced water may flow backward and the germicide may enter the separation membrane and damage the membrane. Even if the check valve (16) is provided, it may not be able to prevent intrusion by gradually leaking from a small gap. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a check cone (30), which is closed when the system is at positive pressure but can suck the atmosphere at negative pressure, between the separation membrane and the aspirator (34) for introducing the germicide. The check cone is not particularly limited, but, for example, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 3 is preferably used. In FIG. 3, A is a housing, B is a lip seal, C is a guide,
D is a ball and E is a flow path.

It is preferable to provide raw water pretreatment means upstream of the separation membrane. As the pre-treatment means, a thread-wound type pre-filter is preferable, and it is preferable to have a fractionation performance of 1 to 50 μm, and the material is preferably polypropylene, cotton, or the like. It is also preferable to use a plurality of stages, 10 to 50 μm in the first stage and 1 to 10 μm in the second stage.
It is particularly preferred to use a μm filter. Also,
The installation position of the pretreatment means is not particularly limited as long as it is upstream of the separation membrane, but in consideration of the head and high pressure loss, or the pressure resistance of the pretreatment means, the space between the means for increasing the pressure of the raw water and the separation membrane unit is considered. preferable.

[0045]

【Example】

[Example 1] As shown in Fig. 1, a method of withdrawing raw water from a water source includes a raw water pump (13) driven by an engine, a rowing pump (15),
External portable pump (9) and fire engine pump (11) can be selected. Subframe (42) for power unit
A water pump (13) and an engine (14) are installed on the power unit frame (40) via a vibration coupling (43) to prevent vibration. We attached with four.

A raw water pump (13), a rowing pump (15) and an external portable pump (9) are connected to the raw water receiving port (10), and a fire engine hose fitting (12) is connected to the fire engine. Hose can be connected. Further, a check valve (16), a relief valve (19) for controlling raw water pressure, a pre-filter (20) for filtering raw water, and the like are provided. The power unit also has another function of adding a germicide to drinking water produced by the separation membrane unit, such as an aspirator (34), a germicide bottle (37), and a germicide control valve (35). Was arranged to form an integral frame structure made of steel pipes with casters for movement.

On the other hand, the separation membrane unit is composed of three 4-inch spiral modules (SUL-G10) in series, and is lightweight and easy to carry, attach and detach.
As a compact structure, it is attached to the side of the power unit, and between the two units, one-touch joints at both ends (23)
And raw water flexible hose (24) with (25) attached,
And a flexible hose (32) for permeated water to which one-touch fittings (31) and (33) were attached.

One-touch joint especially on the separation membrane unit side
(25) and (31) employ a joint that automatically closes when disconnected. By doing so, the degree of sealing in the separation membrane unit system is maintained, which is very convenient for filling the storage solution during long-term storage.

The main components were as follows. (The corresponding reference number in the drawing is attached to the head.) ス 1: Strainer｝ A stainless steel 25 mesh twill woven wire mesh (SUS304) molded into a dish shape (diameter 2
00 mm) was combined inward.

{9: External portable pump} Suction head = 6 mAq, discharge capacity = 60 mAq × 30 L /
min (3000 rpm). The power source is a gasoline engine and an irrigation pump connected directly to the engine output shaft.

{13: Raw water pump} A pump of a type in which a rubber-lined roller is pressed against the core metal by centrifugal force into the casing, suction head = 7 mAq, discharge capacity = 75 m
Aq × 20 L / min (900 rpm). The power source was a gasoline engine and was directly connected with a shaft coupling.

｛15: Rowing pump｝ A self-priming wing type manual pump by human power, discharge amount = 0.24 liter / stroke, discharge pressure (maximum) = 4 kgf / cm ² ｛12: Fire hose connection fittings｝ Fire engine A female fitting (Machino type) with a diameter of 65 mm was used at the connection port to receive the raw water supply from.

{19: relief valve} set pressure = 8 kgf / cm
^2. Reduce the pressure of raw water supplied from fire trucks and external portable pumps.

{13: Pre-filter} thread-wound type (P
P resin, 10μm × 10 inch), single-package housing (Central Filter Co., Ltd. CF-2510-P) ｛14: Engine (drive source)｝ Single cylinder air-cooled 4 cycles
HV gasoline engine (1/2 deceleration), 160 CC, maximum output = 5.5 PS (2,000 rpm), 1.1 kg-m (1,250 rpm)
m), a fuel tank: 3.6 L, at 7 kgf / cm ² during operation, can be operated continuously for 8 hours {26: separation membrane unit} crosslinked wholly aromatic polyamide composite membrane 4 inch spiral module (SUL-G10) Three series are unitized. When the raw water was fresh water, drinking water was produced at 500 L / day (water temperature 25 ° C).

{30: Float valve} At the start of operation, etc.
Until the water is filled in the reverse osmosis membrane module container and piping, the air in the system is automatically extracted. At the time of a stop or the like, the inside of the system becomes negative pressure, and outside air enters.

{34: Aspirator} As the production water of 100 L / hr passes through the inside of the aspirator, the pressure of the suction port is reduced to about 400 Torr, and the sterilizing agent (calcium hypochlorite) aqueous solution connected to the suction port is removed. Sucked up.

{35: Disinfectant control valve} Same as used for infusion. {36: Disinfectant tube} Inner diameter: plastic tube with inner diameter of Φ2. {37: Disinfectant bottle} Volume: 2L polyethylene bottle. The bottle is filled with 2 L of production water and a disinfectant (15 g tablet of calcium hypochlorite), dissolved and used as a saturated solution.

$ 40: Power unit frame $ Φ 31.
8 × t 1.6 pipe bent / welded product.

$ 41: Separation membrane unit frame $ Φ 31.
8 × t 1.6 pipe bent / welded product.

# 42: Subframe @ t4.5 Sheet bent / welded product. Material: SPCC As shown in Fig. 2, the subframe was equipped with a drive source (engine or electric motor) and a raw water pump.

{43: Vibration-proof material} The vibration-proof material (K Kurashiki Kako Co., Ltd.)
A-50) was used.

A power unit having a non-return valve structure, each of which is provided in parallel with a raw water pumping / pressurizing pump using an engine as a power source, and a means which can be driven manually, and a means for receiving high pressure raw water, each having a check valve structure; By adopting the unit configuration, an apparatus having the external dimensions and weight shown in Table 1 below was completed.

[0063]

[Table 1] For the lightweight aircraft of 135 kg, the suction lift of raw water is 6
m, and the water production capacity was as high as 12 m ³ / day with an engine pump. Using Lake Biwa water as raw water,
It was operated for 8 hours to produce 4.0 m ³ of water. The produced water satisfies the drinking water standard, and the disinfectant concentration is 0.2-0.3pp
m. It was also found that the sub-frame significantly suppressed the vibration of the entire device. In the event of a shutdown, the non-return cone prevented the fungicide from flowing back into the production water line.

The compact and lightweight separation membrane unit can be easily detached from the power unit, there is no water leakage from the one-touch joint at the connection piping port, and the inside of the separation membrane unit system can be kept highly sealed. did it. If there is a risk of freezing during storage, store only a small volume of separation membrane unit filled with storage solution in an antifreeze place, and drain the water in the large power unit without worrying about freezing. Long-term storage was possible. Further, by separating and storing the separation membrane unit from the power unit, it was possible to remarkably suppress the performance leakage during storage of the separation membrane element due to the leakage of the storage solution or the expiration of the storage solution due to the suction of outside air. Furthermore, if the element needs to be replaced for a long period of storage or actual operation due to a decrease in the performance of the separation membrane element, etc. By replacing every loaded unit, inexpensive, quick and high reliability was obtained, and efficient and rational maintenance was made possible.

[0065]

According to the configuration of the present invention as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(A) In the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, storm and flood damage, a large fire, or a drought, or when drinking water cannot be secured such as at a dam construction site in a mountainous area, nearby rivers, lakes, ponds, pools, and disaster-prevention reservoirs Raw water in a tank is treated with a separation membrane, and drinking water can be easily secured.

(B) By using a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane device, the size of the entire device can be reduced as compared with the conventional technology, and a large amount of raw water can be treated with a separation membrane efficiently in a short time. In addition, securing drinking water can be strengthened.

(C) The miniaturized and lightweight separation membrane unit can be easily removed from the power unit, there is no water leakage from the one-touch joint at the connection piping port, and the inside of the separation membrane unit system is kept highly sealed. Was completed. As a result,
When there was a risk of freezing during storage, long-term storage was possible without worrying about freezing by storing only a small volume separation membrane unit filled with a preservative solution in an antifreeze place. In addition, it was possible to remarkably suppress the performance loss during storage of the separation membrane element due to the leakage of the storage solution or the expiration of the storage solution due to the suction of outside air. Furthermore, if the element needs to be replaced for a long period of storage or actual operation due to a decrease in the performance of the separation membrane element, etc. By replacing every loaded unit, inexpensive, quick and high reliability was obtained, and efficient and rational maintenance was made possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a sub-frame of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a check cone of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: strainer 2: check valve 3: floater 4: intake pipe and pole 5: landmark 6: rope 7: anchor 8: intake hose 9: external portable pump 10: raw water receiving port 11: fire engine pump 12: fire engine 13: Raw water pump (roller pump) 14: Engine 15: Self-priming wing type rowing pump 16: Check valve (Check valve) 17: Shaft coupling 18: Raw water pressurized pipe 19: Relief valve 20: Prefilter (10 μm) 21: Pressure gauge 22: Pressure gauge 23: One-touch fitting (normally open circuit) 24: Flexible hose (for raw water) 25: One-touch fitting (closed circuit) 26: Reverse osmosis membrane module 27: Condensed water (Miscellaneous water) piping 28: Pressure regulating valve 29: Permeated water (drinking water) piping 30: Float valve 31: One-touch fitting (closed circuit) 32 Flexible hose (for permeated water (drinking water)) 33: One-touch joint (normally open circuit) 34: Aspirator (ejector) 35: Disinfectant adjusting valve 36: Disinfectant tube 37: Disinfectant bottle 38: Drinking water pipe 40: Power unit -Frame 41: Separation membrane unit-Frame 42: Sub-frame 43: Anti-vibration material A: Housing B: Lip seal C: Guide D: Ball E: Flow path

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI C02F 1/50 531 C02F 1/50 531P 540 540E 550 550C 560 560E 1/76 1/76 A

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An emergency fresh water generator characterized by being divided into a power unit for pumping and boosting raw water and a separation membrane unit. 2. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the separation membrane provided in the separation membrane unit is a reverse osmosis membrane. 3. The reverse osmosis membrane has a raw water pressure of 7 kgf / cm ² ,
It is a reverse osmosis membrane with a water permeability of 0.6 m ³ / m ² · day or more and a salt rejection of 98.0% or more under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a salt concentration of 500 mg / l (Nacl). The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 2, wherein 4. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the power source and the means for pumping and raising the raw water are arranged in one power unit. 5. A power source of the power unit is an engine, a means capable of being manually driven and a means for receiving high-pressure raw water are provided in parallel, each having a check valve structure. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1. 6. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the power source and the means for pumping and raising the pressure of the raw water are provided on the subframe. 7. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 6, wherein vibration isolating means is provided between said subframe and said power unit. 8. The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the power unit and the separation membrane unit are connected by a one-touch joint of a closed circuit and a flexible hose. 9. A disinfectant introduction mechanism is provided downstream of the separation membrane,
The emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein a check cone is provided between the two. 10. An emergency fresh water generator according to claim 1, further comprising a container into which water and a solid germicide are charged as a germicide supply source.