JPH10318996A - Method and equipment for measuring range of slack or crack in ground, bed rock, concrete structure, and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure an accurate measurement by inserting ultrasonic measuring units in holes made in the outer circumferential surface in a cavity at a plurality of measuring points and measuring the range of slack or crack in the ground from the difference of measured ultrasonic velocity thereby eliminating restriction in the measuring direction. SOLUTION: Ultrasonic measuring units 3 are inserted sequentially into a plurality of anchor holes or boring holes 2 made in a cavity, e.g. a tunnel or a basement. A stopper 9 is stretched on the outer surface of the anchor hole or boring hole 2 so that the anchor hole or boring hole 2 can be stopped at a measuring point even if it elongates vertically upward. An ultrasonic transmitter 4 is then actuated to transmit an ultrasonic wave which is received by an ultrasonic receiver 5. An ultrasonic velocity detector 12 detects the velocity of an ultrasonic wave from a received ultrasonic wave group and an indicator 13 indicates the velocity for each depth of the hole thus recognizing a slack or crack in the ground. When a decision is made that the slack in the ground is localized, an accurate measurement can be performed by limiting the fixing interval of the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground, a bedrock or a concrete used for measuring a looseness or a crack area of a surrounding ground, a bedrock or a concrete structure due to excavation of a tunnel, an underground cavity or a slope of a bedrock. The present invention relates to a method and a measuring device for measuring looseness and crack range of a structure or the like.

[0002] In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of underground cavities, and due to an increase in demand, construction work for excavating ground, rock, concrete structures, and the like has been increasing. And
With the increase of the excavation work, the ground, rock, concrete structure, etc. due to ground excavation were investigated for looseness and crack area,
Construction of appropriate shoring is an extremely important issue.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for measuring the extent of looseness and cracks in the ground, bedrock, concrete structure, etc., for example, a core is sampled from the ground to be measured, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the core, and the ultrasonic waves are transmitted. Of the ground, rocks, concrete structures, etc.
Ultrasonic velocity tester (measured only vertically downward)
It is generally known to measure the looseness of the ground, rock, concrete structure, etc. in the vicinity of the hanging boring hole and the extent of the cracks by suspending (see FIG. 6).

[0004]

However, in the former method, if the sampled core has a certain degree of rigidity, an ultrasonic wave can be transmitted and the speed of the ultrasonic wave can be measured. If it is detected in the state of soft and crushed earth and sand without the rigidity, the ultrasonic velocity cannot be detected.

In the latter method, as can be understood from FIG. 6, there is a problem that the detection machine and equipment become large-scale and that the measurement can be performed only vertically downward. Thus, the present invention has been devised in order to address the above-mentioned conventional problems, and uses a plurality of anchor holes and boring holes provided in a substantially radial manner on the outer peripheral surface of a cavity such as a formed tunnel, thereby forming a vertical hole. Not only in the downward direction, but also in the vertical direction or in the horizontal direction, in other words, in the downward direction of the tunnel, in the upward direction, it can be measured even in the anchor hole or boring hole drilled in any direction of 360 degrees left and right horizontal, Further, the outer periphery 360 of the anchor hole or the boring hole is formed.
It can be measured on the ground or rock in any direction
Provide a measuring method and measuring device to measure the looseness and crack range of the ground, bedrock, concrete structure, etc., where there is no restriction on the measurement direction, and the ground, bedrock, concrete structure, etc. are relatively loose and the crack range is relatively narrow Even if it is within the range, it is possible to measure accurately by narrowing the installation interval of the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver, loosening of the ground, bedrock, concrete structures, etc. It is intended to provide.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a method for measuring the extent of loosening or cracking of a ground, a bedrock, a concrete structure, or the like, according to the present invention, comprises inserting an ultrasonic measuring instrument into a hole formed in an outer peripheral surface of a cavity. Along with, the ultrasonic measuring device is sequentially installed at a plurality of measurement locations in the hole with different insertion depths, and the ultrasonic velocities at the plurality of measurement locations are measured, respectively, from the difference in the measured ultrasonic velocities. The apparatus for measuring the looseness and crack area of a ground, a rock, a concrete structure, etc. according to the present invention is characterized by measuring an area of looseness and a crack area, and an ultrasonic measurement having an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. Device, a telescopic holder for extending and locking in the measuring hole and holding the ultrasonic generator at a predetermined measuring point in the measuring hole, receiving ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic generator, and controlling the speed of the ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic velocity detector to detect and ultrasonic velocity at each measurement location Or an indicator for displaying the difference between the two, or an ultrasonic transmitter capable of rotatably contacting the outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical hole over the outer peripheral surface of the hole through 360 degrees. The holder for holding the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver, the mounting interval between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver can be changed, and the holder for holding the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver with a hole depth. An ultrasonic measuring device equipped with a locking tool that can be locked in the hole by making the ultrasonic wave different from the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic measuring device, and an ultrasonic speed detector that detects the speed of the ultrasonic wave And a display for displaying the difference in the ultrasonic velocities for each of the detected measurement points.

(Operation) According to the present invention, not only a vertical downward direction but also an anchor hole and a boring hole which are drilled from the outer peripheral surface of a cavity such as a formed tunnel toward the ground are used. , Vertically upward or horizontal,
In other words, the excavated tunnel outer peripheral surface downward, upward,
Anchor holes and boring holes drilled in any direction of 360 degrees, such as the horizontal direction, can be measured using the anchor holes and boring holes, and the outer 360-degree direction of the anchor holes and boring holes can be measured. Ground in any direction,
It provides a measuring method and a measuring device that can measure even a bedrock, without any restriction on the measurement direction, a ground, a bedrock, a slackness of a concrete structure, etc., and a crack range.
Even if the looseness and crack range of rocks and concrete structures are concentrated in a relatively narrow range, it can be accurately measured by narrowing the mounting interval between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a cavity such as a tunnel or a basement. The cavity 1 is usually formed by excavating into a substantially cylindrical shape.
A plurality of boring holes or anchor holes 2 are formed in the inner peripheral surface in the vertical or horizontal direction (see FIG. 3).

Here, a plurality of boring holes or anchor holes 2 drilled in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction in the cavity 1 are used for blasting a corresponding ground when constructing the cavity 1 such as a tunnel or a basement. When excavated by the mechanical excavation method, it is used to insert anchors and lock bolts as a support for structures such as tunnels and basements. In the present invention, the anchor hole or the boring hole 2 is used as a hole for measuring the extent of loosening or cracking of the ground, rock, concrete structure, or the like.

Reference numeral 3 denotes an ultrasonic measuring device. The ultrasonic measuring device 3 includes, for example, a transducer that generates ultrasonic waves, a receiver that receives the ultrasonic waves, and the like, and includes an ultrasonic transmitter 4 and an ultrasonic receiver 5 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. (Figure 2
reference). Reference numeral 6 denotes a holder for holding the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5.

As shown in the figure, the holder 6 has a rectangular flat plate-shaped substrate 7 and a pair of sandwiching pieces 8, 8 hanging down from the widthwise end of the substrate 7. Sandwiching piece 8,
The ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 are attached between the eight. Here, the holder 6 can attach the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the holding pieces 8, 8.
It can be freely adjusted to narrow or widen the mounting interval between the antenna and the ultrasonic receiver 5.

Next, reference numeral 9 denotes a locking member. The lock 9
The elastic transmitter 10 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 are connected to the expandable and contractible member 10 and extendable so that the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 are brought into close contact with the measurement surface of the anchor hole or the boring hole 2. It is formed to have pressing elements 11 and 11 which are pressed against the surface side of the hole and come into close contact with each other. Here, in the present invention, the structure of the elastic member 10 is not limited at all, and for example, may be constituted by an air jack, a hydraulic jack, or the like.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an ultrasonic velocity detector. The ultrasonic velocity detector 12 determines the velocity of the ultrasonic wave based on, for example, a difference in the waveform of the ultrasonic wave passing through the ground measured by the ultrasonic receiver 5. Is to be detected. Reference numeral 13 denotes a display, on which the ultrasonic velocity detector 1 is connected.
The ultrasonic velocities at each of the measurement points detected in step 2 are displayed in a graph, so that it is possible to immediately recognize which part of the ground is loose or cracked (FIG. 2). , See FIG. 4).

The use of the present invention will be described above. First, as can be understood from the drawing, the ultrasonic measuring device 3 according to the present invention is sequentially inserted into a plurality of anchor holes or boring holes 2 formed in a cavity 1 such as a tunnel or a basement. Since the ultrasonic measuring device 3 according to the present invention is provided with the locking tool 9 that locks the outer peripheral surface of the anchor hole or the boring hole 2 in a protruding state, the ultrasonic measuring device 3 includes, for example, the anchor hole or the boring hole 2. 2
Can be measured without any problem, that is, by locking the ultrasonic measuring device 3 at a predetermined measuring point without dropping it.

That is, when a predetermined measuring point is reached, the telescopic member 10 of the locking tool 9 is extended in that state, and is locked in a state of extending into the hole 2. From this state, the ultrasonic transmitter 4 is activated to transmit an ultrasonic wave. Further, the ultrasonic wave is received by the ultrasonic receiver 5. The ultrasonic velocity detector 1 determines the velocity of the ultrasonic wave from the plurality of received ultrasonic groups.
2, and the information is displayed on the display 13 according to the depth of the hole 2, and looseness, cracks and the like of the ground are recognized by the display.

When it is determined that the ground slackening range is small, that is, when it is determined that the ground slackening range is local, the mounting interval between the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 is changed. Accurate measurement is possible by narrowing.

[0017]

As described above, the present invention has the above configuration. According to the present invention, a plurality of anchor holes and boring holes provided substantially radially are used on the outer peripheral surface of the cavity such as the formed tunnel, and not only vertically downward but also vertically upward or horizontally, in other words. In this case, it is possible to measure an anchor hole or a boring hole drilled in any direction of 360 degrees in the downward direction, the upward direction, and the horizontal direction of the tunnel.

Furthermore, it is possible to measure the ground and the rock in any direction of 360 degrees in the outer circumference of the anchor hole and the boring hole. A measuring method and a measuring device for measuring can be provided. Even if the ground, rock, concrete structure, or the like is loose or cracked in a relatively narrow range, it can be accurately measured by narrowing the mounting interval between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the configuration of a measuring device for measuring the extent of loosening and cracking of the ground, bedrock, concrete structure and the like according to the present invention (part 1)
It is.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the configuration of a measuring device for measuring the extent of loosening and cracking of the ground, bedrock, concrete structure and the like according to the present invention (part 2)
It is.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating a use state of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing a use state of a display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where measurement is performed by changing a measurement position of an anchor hole or a boring hole.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cavity 2 Boring hole or anchor hole 3 Ultrasonic measuring device 4 Ultrasonic transmitter 5 Ultrasonic receiver 6 Holder 7 Substrate 8 Clamping piece 9 Locking member 10 Telescopic member 11 Presser 12 Ultrasonic velocity detector 13 Display vessel

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kazunobu Matsumoto 2 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tobishima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masayuki Tsutsui 2 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tobishima Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An ultrasonic measuring device is inserted into a hole formed in an outer peripheral surface of a cavity, and the ultrasonic measuring device is sequentially installed at a plurality of measuring points in the hole with different insertion depths. Measuring the ultrasonic velocities at the plurality of measurement points, and measuring the looseness and crack range of the ground, rock, concrete structure, etc. based on the difference in the measured ultrasonic velocities. , Concrete structure etc. looseness and crack range measurement method. 2. An ultrasonic measuring device having an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, which is extended and locked in a measuring hole and abuts on an outer peripheral surface of the hole, and the ultrasonic measuring device is placed in a predetermined position in the measuring hole. A holder for holding at a measuring point, an ultrasonic velocity detector for receiving ultrasonic waves from an ultrasonic measuring instrument and detecting the velocity of the ultrasonic wave, and a display for displaying a difference in ultrasonic velocity for each measuring point A device for measuring the looseness and crack range of ground, rock, concrete structures, etc., characterized by comprising: 3. An ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver which are rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical hole over the outer peripheral surface of the hole, an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The holder for holding the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver by changing the mounting interval between the holder and the holder for holding the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver by changing the depth of the hole. An ultrasonic measuring device comprising: a locking member that can be locked in the ultrasonic measuring device; an ultrasonic velocity detector that detects a velocity of the ultrasonic wave from ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic measuring device; An indicator for displaying a difference in ultrasonic velocity for each location, and a device for measuring the looseness and crack range of a ground, a bedrock, a concrete structure, or the like, comprising: