JPH10311520A - Refuse disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve an incineration and a reduction in the quantity of garbage simply at home almost without problem by deterring combustion speed of garbage to extremely reduce a heating value per unit time and further by highly purifying a gas to be discharged while preventing the generation of smoke and smell during the final period of combustion to minimize the restriction of installing location. SOLUTION: In this refuse disposal apparatus, a combustion chamber which has a second combustion chamber 34 linked to the lower end of a first combustion chamber 33 is formed in the body 22 of an incinerator. Air is supplied from a first air supply nozzle 37 by a value equivalent to the quantity of air to be supplied for combustion set smaller than the quantity of air to be supplied for combustion from a second air supply nozzle 38 until an exhaust gas sensor 60 detects smoldering in the first combustion chamber 33. After the detection of the smoldering in the first combustion chamber 33, the quantity of air to be supplied for combustion from the first air supply nozzle 37 is increased more than that before the detection of the smoldering and to achieve this, the quantity of air to be supplied from the first air supply nozzle 37 is controlled by a control means 59.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse treatment apparatus for incinerating and reducing refuse discharged from homes and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Garbage discharged from households and the like is mainly collected by local governments, and is disposed of by collectively incinerating them in large incinerators owned by local governments or by using them for landfills. General. However,
Since the garbage collection day is limited to several times a week, it is necessary to pack garbage and store it in the home for a long time until the next collection day. It is hard to secure. Also, the amount of garbage collected on the collection day is enormous, and the collection work is labor-intensive and difficult.

[0003] On the other hand, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-227.
A small amount of refuse incinerators, such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 13 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-119317, are incinerated and reduced at each household level.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional incinerator, the location of the incinerator becomes high due to the high temperature of the incinerator accompanying the combustion of the waste, and the large amount of combustion gas discharged in a short time is required. It is necessary to give due consideration to the adverse effects caused by this, and there is a problem that it is difficult to use in general households.

In order to solve such a problem, the applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 8-115971 that a combustion chamber formed in an incinerator main body was replaced with a first combustion chamber having a tapered lower side surface. And a second combustion chamber connected to a lower end of the first combustion chamber, and the first air supply nozzle supplies combustion air for gently burning dust near the tapered surface of the first combustion chamber. And the combustion air from the second air supply nozzle is larger than the combustion air from the first air supply nozzle in order to completely burn the unburned gas from the first combustion chamber in the second combustion chamber. A refuse treatment device designed to supply to two combustion chambers has been proposed. According to this refuse treatment apparatus, the combustion rate of refuse in the first combustion chamber is slowed to suppress the amount of heat generated per unit time as much as possible, and the exhaust gas is purified as much as possible in the second combustion chamber. The restrictions on the installation location are minimized, and it is possible to easily incinerate and reduce the amount of garbage in each home with almost no problem.

[0006] In such a refuse treatment apparatus, the amount of air supplied from the first air supply nozzle and the second air supply nozzle is most suitable for achieving almost complete combustion during a stable combustion period and suppressing generation of smoke and odor. However, when approaching the end of combustion, in which the amount of waste is reduced by combustion in the first combustion chamber, the combustion is not limited to the combustion in the vicinity of the tapered surface, but becomes a so-called igniting state, and the combustion air is ignited. The gas does not reach the garbage layer in the state, the amount of combustion air is insufficient, and gentle incomplete combustion is started to generate smoke and odor.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in the stable combustion period, reduces the burning rate of refuse to minimize the amount of heat generated per unit time and to purify exhaust gas as much as possible. In addition, a waste treatment system that prevents smoke and odor at the end of combustion, minimizes the restrictions on installation locations, and makes it easy to incinerate and reduce the weight of garbage at home without any problems The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refuse treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a lower side surface is formed by a tapered surface narrowing downward. A second combustion chamber connected to the first combustion chamber;
An incinerator main body configured to prevent supply of air from above to the combustion chamber; and an incinerator main body for supplying combustion air for burning dust in the first combustion chamber near the tapered surface. A first air supply nozzle, a second air supply nozzle provided in the incinerator main body to supply combustion air for completely burning unburned gas flowing from the first combustion chamber to the second combustion chamber to the second combustion chamber, An exhaust gas sensor that monitors the properties of the exhaust gas discharged from the second combustion chamber to detect whether or not the combustion state of the refuse in the first combustion chamber has become a smolder state, and until the exhaust gas sensor detects the smolder state. The air is supplied from the first air supply nozzle by a combustion air supply amount set to be smaller than the combustion air supply amount from the second air supply nozzle in order to cause the first combustion chamber to slowly burn the refuse. Inspection After it characterized in that it comprises a control means for controlling the amount of air supplied from the first air supply nozzle as allowed to increase than the previous detection state smoldering combustion air supply amount from the first air supply nozzle.

According to such a configuration, until the smoke state is detected by the exhaust gas sensor, the amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzle is set to a relatively small amount to gradually reduce dust in the first combustion chamber. At the same time as burning, the amount of combustion air supplied from the second air supply nozzle is relatively increased to increase the complete burnup so that unburned gas is burned in the second combustion chamber. Incineration and reduction of garbage by reducing the amount of combustion gas generated relatively, eliminating restrictions on installation locations when using it in households, etc. Becomes possible. In addition, when the smoke state is detected by the exhaust gas sensor, the amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzle is increased, and the combustion air reaches the garbage layer in the smoke state to completely burn the refuse. By burning in a close state, generation of smoke and odor can be prevented as much as possible.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, after the control means detects the smolder state by the exhaust gas sensor, the control means starts combustion from the second air supply nozzle. By controlling the amount of air supplied from the second air supply nozzle so as to reduce the amount of air for use from that before the detection of the smoldering state, the combustion air from the second air supply nozzle is detected after the detection of the smoldering state. It is also possible to reduce the air supply amount, prevent the combustion temperature from lowering, and enable complete combustion of the unburned gas. That is, since the combustion temperature in the second combustion chamber starts to decrease at the end of combustion, if the same amount of combustion air is supplied from the second air supply nozzle as in the stable combustion period, the amount of air actually required is smaller than the amount of air actually required. Not only will a large amount of wasted air be supplied, but also incomplete combustion is more likely to occur due to the temperature drop. And complete combustion becomes possible.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect of the present invention,
A weight is provided for pressing and compressing the refuse against the tapered surface so as to continue the gradual combustion of the refuse in the first combustion chamber, thereby compressing the refuse in the first combustion chamber and gradually reducing the refuse in the vicinity of the tapered surface. Combustion can be stably maintained.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to third aspects, the first and second air supply nozzles are provided with first and second air supply nozzles. By being connected to a common fan so that the air distribution amount to the nozzles can be changed, the combustion air supply amount from the second air supply nozzle is automatically adjusted according to the increase in the combustion air supply amount from the first air supply nozzle. Will be reduced to
The amount of combustion air supplied from the first and second air supply nozzles can be easily controlled with a small number of parts and with a simple configuration that does not require complicated control.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the exhaust gas sensor is an O ₂ sensor.
By detecting the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas, the state of smoking in the first combustion chamber can be easily detected.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on a first embodiment of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view showing the entire configuration of a waste treatment apparatus including a waste incinerator, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the waste incinerator. , FIG.
2 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control circuit for the electric heater and the fan motor, and FIG. 5 is an operation timing chart of the electric heater and the fan.

First, referring to FIG.
A refuse incinerator 5, a first volume reduction processing tank 6, a second volume reduction processing tank 7, and a garbage processing tank 8 are provided. Thus, while the refuse incinerator 5 incinerates the combustible refuse 9, the first volume reduction treatment tank 6 is for reducing the volume of the PET bottle 10 and the like, The second volume reduction treatment tank 7 is for reducing the volume of the styrofoam product 11 and the like, and the garbage treatment tank 8 is for performing an organic treatment on the garbage 12 such as fermentation reduction.

The first and second volume reduction treatment tank 6 is fixedly disposed in the heating chamber 13 ₁ so as to plunge their lower into the first heating chamber 13 _1, The upper end openings of both volume reduction processing tanks 6 and 7 are closed by lid members 14 and 15 that can be opened and closed, respectively.
Weights 16 and 17 for compressing and reducing the volume of the PET bottle 10 and the Styrofoam product 11 and the like are accommodated in a vertically movable manner.

The gas generated in the two volume reduction tanks 6 and 7 is mixed with the combustion air and guided to the refuse incinerator 5. Are connected to each other.

[0019] The position adjacent to the first heating tank 13 ₁ second
A heating tank 13 ₂ is arranged, and both heating tanks 13 ₁ , 13
The _second lower communicate with each other, garbage treatment tank 8 is fixedly disposed to the lower portion thereof to the second heating tank 13 ₂ so as to rush into the second heating tank 13 _2. The top opening of the garbage treatment tank 8 is closed by the openable cover 19, the top of the garbage treatment tank 8, a second heating tank 13 and the combustion gas or the like from inside ₂ in biological waste treatment tank 8 And an exhaust port 21 for discharging the combustion gas introduced into the garbage disposal tank 8 to the outside.

Referring also to FIG. 2, the incinerator body 22 of the refuse incinerator 5 has a box base 23 formed in a rectangular box shape.
A rising pipe portion 24 which is formed in a tapered shape having a smaller diameter as it goes upward and rises from a substantially central portion of the box-shaped base portion 23; A small-diameter cylindrical portion 25 extending outwardly, and an outer tapered portion 26 formed in a tapered shape having a larger diameter as going upward and having a lower end connected to an upper end of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 25.
A large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 having a lower end continuously connected to the upper end of the outer tapered portion 26 and extending upward; and a large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 having a larger diameter as it goes upward, and an inner side of the outer tapered portion 26. And a lower end portion of the inner taper portion 28 is fixed to the upper end of the riser tube portion 24 so that the lower end slightly projects into the upper end portion of the riser tube portion 24, Also the inner tapered part 2
The upper end of 8 is fixed to the inner surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27.

The incinerator main body 22 is fixedly supported by a gantry 29 disposed on the floor. The upper end opening of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 is opened to function as a refuse inlet 30 into the incinerator main body 22, and the refuse inlet 30 is closed by an openable / closable lid member 31. It is possible.

In the incinerator main body 22, a combustion chamber 32 for incinerating the refuse 9 introduced from the refuse inlet 30 is formed. , A second combustion chamber 34 connected to the lower end of the first combustion chamber 33
Consisting of

The first combustion chamber 33 has a cylindrical inner surface 27a formed by the inner surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 and a cylindrical surface formed by the inner surface of the inner tapered portion 28, with the cross-sectional area being substantially constant along the axial direction. The tapered surface 28a connected to the lower end of the inner surface 27a is formed in a shape narrowing downward, and the outlet 35 is formed at the lower end of the tapered surface 28a, that is, at the small diameter end. In addition, a plurality of projections 55 distributed in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the cylindrical inner side surface 27a are protruded from the cylindrical inner side surface 27a by, for example, press forming the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 formed of SP material. . Further, by closing the dust inlet 30 with the lid member 31, the supply of air from above to the first combustion chamber 33 is prevented.

The second combustion chamber 34 below the first combustion chamber 33
Is formed in the riser tube portion 24 and the box-shaped base portion 23, and is provided at the lower end of the first combustion chamber 33, that is, at the outlet 35.
Is formed in the incinerator main body 22 so that the flow area is larger than the opening area of the outlet 35 below the outlet 35.

Referring also to FIG. 3, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 25,
An annular chamber 36 is formed between the lower portion of the outer tapered portion 26 and the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27, and the upper portion of the rising pipe portion 24 and the inner tapered portion 28. 28 and the first air chamber 36 ₁ by an annular partition wall 56 provided over between the lower portion of the upper outer tapered portion 26, is partitioned into a second air chamber 36 ₂ of the lower. Thus a plurality of first air supply nozzles 37, 37 ... which communicates the outer end to the first air chamber 36 ₁ is disposed on the tapered surface 28a to supply combustion air to the first combustion chamber 33, the outer end second air chamber 36 of the plurality of ₂ communicates with the second air supply nozzles 38, 38 ... it is disposed in the upper portion of the riser 24 to supply combustion air to the upper portion of the second combustion chamber 34.

The first air supply nozzles 37, 37
.. Are provided for supplying combustion air to the first combustion chamber 33 so as to cause the refuse 9 to slowly burn in the first combustion chamber 33, and are compared in FIGS. 2 and 3 for easy understanding. Although it is depicted with a large diameter, it is actually formed with a relatively small diameter. Further, the plurality of second air supply nozzles 38, 38
... the inner diameter of the first and second air chamber 36 _1, 36 ₂ of the first air supply nozzle 3 more when the air pressure is the same
The second air supply nozzles 38, 38,... Can be supplied to the second combustion chamber 34 with an amount of combustion air exceeding the total amount of combustion air supplied from the second air supply nozzles 7, 37,.

Moreover, the plurality of first air supply nozzles 37, 3
7 are the first from the air supply nozzles 37, 37.
The injection direction is aligned with the direction in which the air supplied into the combustion chamber 33 is swirled along the tapered surface 28a.
And a plurality of second air supply nozzles 3
, 38, are also the second air supply nozzles 38, 38
, And the rising direction of the rising pipe 2 is adjusted so that the air supplied from the second combustion chamber 34 is swirled along the upper inner surface of the second combustion chamber 34.
4 is disposed above.

The discharge port of the first and second air chamber 36 _1, 36 ₂ sirocco fan 39 are commonly connected,
The plurality of first air supply nozzles 37, 37 and the plurality of second air supply nozzles 38, 38 are supplied with pressurized air from a common sirocco fan 39. Moreover, the discharge port of the sirocco fan 39 and the second air chamber 36
_In the middle of the pipe 57 connecting between the _two, an opening control that can switch between a state in which the opening of the pipe 57 is fully opened and a state in which the opening of the pipe 57 is reduced from the fully opened by a predetermined opening. A valve 58 is provided. In addition, an air suction pipe 18 for sucking air is connected to a suction port of the sirocco fan 39.

On the outer surface of the incinerator main body 22, a constricted portion 40 corresponding to a continuous portion between the lower portion of the first combustion chamber 33 and the upper portion of the second combustion chamber 34 is provided with a small-diameter cylindrical portion 25 and an outer tapered portion. The sirocco fan 39 is fixedly arranged in a space 41 formed outside the constricted portion 40.

The dust 9 in the first combustion chamber 33 is compressed and pressed against the tapered surface 28a by the weight 42 inserted into the first combustion chamber 33 from above the dust 9. The weight 42 is formed in a disk shape having a circular cross section, and is housed in the large-diameter cylindrical portion 27 so as to be able to move up and down such that the lower limit position is regulated by the upper end of the tapered surface 28a.
The amount of protrusion of the plurality of protrusions 55 projecting from the cylindrical inner surface 27a of the first combustion chamber 33 from the cylindrical inner surface 27a is determined by setting the tips of the protrusions 55 to the outer peripheral surface of the weight 42. Are set so as not to hinder the vertical movement of the weight 42.

The first combustion chamber 3 is located below the tapered surface 28a.
A three-dimensional lattice-shaped rostral 43 extending upward covering the outlet 35 of the third roaster 3 is attached with its basic outer shape as a truncated cone, and the plurality of openings 44, 44. Are smaller than the opening area of the outlet 35, but the total opening area of all the openings 44, 44 is larger than the opening area of the outlet 35. You.

An electric heater 4 is provided in the lower part of the first combustion chamber 33.
5 are provided. The electric heater 45 is configured by housing a heat-generating element such as a nichrome wire in a pipe made of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel. A pair of support arms 45 arranged at inwardly spaced positions along the surface 28a and penetrating the inner tapered portion 28
a, 45a, it is fixed to the inner tapered portion 28.

An outlet pipe 46 is disposed substantially horizontally above the box-shaped base 23 in the incinerator main body 22, and a connecting pipe 47 leading to the inside of the box-shaped base 23 is provided at an intermediate portion of the outlet pipe 46. Connected. One end of the outlet pipe 46 first blower fan 48 for introducing outside air is provided, the other end of the outlet pipe 46 is connected to the first heating tank 13 _1, first blast fan 48
Of the incinerator body 2
The combustion gas from the second combustion chamber 34 in the inside 2 passes through the outlet pipe 46 together with the incineration ash while lowering the temperature, and flows through the first heating tank 13.
It is guided to the _1. Also in the second heating tank 13 _2, the second blowing fan 49 (see FIG. 1) is provided, a second heating tank 13 by a relatively large amount of blowing by the operation of the second blowing fan 49 for introducing outside air The temperature of the combustion gas in ₂ is further lowered, and the combustion gas is introduced into the garbage disposal tank 8 from the inlet 20 together with the incineration ash,
The combustion gas after the incinerated ash is dropped into the garbage treatment tank 8 is discharged from the exhaust port 21 to the outside.

In FIG. 4, the electric heater 45 is connected to the power switch 50 via the relay switch 52, and the motor 39a of the sirocco fan 39 is connected to the power switch 50 via the relay switch 54.
A power switch 50 is connected to a first timer 51 parallel to a series circuit including a relay switch 52 and an electric heater 45 and a second timer 53 parallel to a series circuit including a motor 39 a and a relay switch 54. .
The first timer 51 is for turning off the relay switch 52 after a lapse of a certain time T1 from the time when the power switch 50 is turned on. The second timer 53 is for turning off the certain time T2 after the power switch 50 is turned on. The relay switch 52 is turned on later. First timer 5
The constant time T1 determined by 1 is set to continue heating by the electric heater 45 until the combustion of the refuse 9 in the first combustion chamber 33 can be stably continued. Is set to a sufficient time, for example, 2 minutes, for the refuse 9 in the first combustion chamber 33 to reach the ignition temperature with the start of energization of the electric heater 45.

The motor 48a of the first blast fan 48, the temperature of the first heating tank 13 ₁ is connected in series to the first temperature switch 55 conductive in response to reaching the first predetermined temperature, the second blower motor 49a of fan 49, the second temperature switch 5 the temperature of the second heating tank 13 inside ₂ is turned on in response to reach a second predetermined temperature lower than the first set temperature
6 in series. The series circuit consisting of the motor 48a and the first temperature switch 55 is connected to the power switch 50, and the motor 49a and the second temperature switch 5
6 is connected to the power switch 50.

According to such a control circuit, as shown in FIG. 5, when the power switch 50 is turned on, the power supply to the electric heater 45 is started and the power switch 5 is turned on.
0 is turned off, the power supply to the electric heater 45 is stopped when the first predetermined time T1 elapses, and the sirocco is turned on when the second predetermined time T2 elapses after the power switch 50 is turned on. The operation of the fan 39 is started. The operation of the first blower fan 48, depending on the temperature of the first heating tank 13 ₁ is on-off controlled, whereby the first heating tank 1
Temperature 3 ₁ is controlled such that the temperature does not exceed the first predetermined temperature. Further operation of the second blowing fan 49, depending on the temperature of the second heating tank 13 in ₂ is on-off controlled, thereby so that the temperature of the second heating tank 13 in ₂ that the temperature does not exceed the second predetermined temperature , And the exhaust gas temperature is kept relatively low.

[0037] In FIG. 1 again, the operation of the opening control valve 58 provided midway of the conduit 57 connecting the _second discharge port and the second air chamber 36 of the sirocco fan 39 by control means 59 composed of a microcomputer The control means 59 monitors the properties of the exhaust gas from the second combustion chamber 34 to detect whether the combustion state of the refuse in the first combustion chamber 33 has become a smoke state. For example, a detection value of an O ₂ sensor 60 is input as the exhaust gas sensor of the above. The O ₂ sensor 60 is attached to, for example, an upper portion of the box-shaped base 23.

The control means 59 determines that the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas detected by the O ₂ sensor 60 is a relatively high value, ie, a value caused by the smoldering state in the first combustion chamber 33. Until the opening, the opening of the opening control valve 58 is kept in the fully open state. As a result, a relatively small amount of combustion air enough to slowly burn the debris in the first combustion chamber 33 is supplied to the first combustion chamber 33 from the first air supply nozzles 37. Combustion air exceeding the amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzles 37 is supplied to the second combustion chamber 34 from the second air supply nozzles 38 in order to completely burn unburned gas. On the other hand, when the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas detected by the O ₂ sensor 60 becomes a value caused by the smoking state in the first combustion chamber 33, that is, a relatively high value, the control means 59 The opening of the opening control valve 58 is reduced from the fully opened state by a predetermined opening. Whereby with the combustion air amount supplied to the first air supply nozzles 37 ... from the first combustion chamber 33 is made to increase than before state detecting fouling, the second air in response to a second pressure drop of the air chamber 36 ₂ The amount of combustion air supplied from the supply nozzles 37 is reduced as compared with before the detection of the smoking state.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. To incinerate and reduce the amount of the refuse 9 in the refuse incinerator 5, a weight is placed above the refuse 9 introduced into the first combustion chamber 33 from the refuse inlet 30. 42 and garbage inlet 3
0 is closed with a lid 31. As a result, the dust 9 in the first combustion chamber 33 is compressed by the weight 42 while the tapered surface 28 is compressed.
a.

In this state, when the power switch 50 is pressed to make it conductive, first, the power supply to the electric heater 45 is started. At this time, since the electric heater 45 is disposed at a position spaced inward along the tapered surface 28a, the dust 9 can be brought into contact with the electric heater 45 over a relatively wide range near the tapered surface 28a. In addition, it is possible to heat the dust 9 in a relatively wide range as the surface temperature of the electric heater 45 increases. Moreover, the refuse input port 30 by the lid member 31
The air supply from above to the first combustion chamber 33 is prevented by the hermetic seal, and the air supply is insufficient.
The refuse 9 in the combustion chamber 33 does not burn up at once,
Further, since the first and second blowers 48 and 49 are also stopped, smoke is not discharged to the outside.

When the second set time T2 elapses after the energization of the electric heater 45 is started, the operation of the sirocco fan 39 is started, and the refuse 9 reaching the ignition temperature is removed from the first combustion chamber 3
The supply of air to 3 will more reliably ignite. Moreover, the supply of air to the first combustion chamber 33 is performed by the plurality of first air supply nozzles 37, 3 disposed on the tapered surface 28a.
.., And the combustion air can be effectively supplied to the vicinity of the electric heater 45, so that the ignition of the refuse 9 becomes more reliable, and the refuse 9 is more stable in the vicinity of the tapered surface 28 a. Combustion can be started.

It should be noted that not only when the electric heater 45 is ignited,
Electricity may be continuously supplied during combustion, so that combustion in the first combustion chamber 33 can be continued more reliably.

After the refuse 9 is ignited, the first combustion chamber 3
The refuse 9 which is in a state of being compressed in 3 continues gradual combustion near the tapered surface 28a by a relatively small amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzles 37. The generated incomplete combustion gas, when flowing from the first combustion chamber 33 to the second combustion chamber 34, is supplied in a sufficient amount from the second air supply nozzles 38 to the upper part of the second combustion chamber 34. The combustion air is allowed to burn with a higher complete burnup.

In order to stably maintain gentle combustion in the first combustion chamber 33, it is necessary to reliably supply air to the combustion portion near the tapered surface 28a at an appropriate supply speed. Thus, no combustion air is supplied from above the first combustion chamber 33, and the plurality of first air supply nozzles 37, 37,.
.. Are arranged in such a direction that the combustion air supplied from 7, 37... Into the first combustion chamber 33 is swirled along the tapered surface 28a, so that it is necessary to continue gradual combustion. The combustion air at a constant speed.
The fuel can be supplied to the combustion section near “a”. Moreover, since the air generates a swirling flow in the first combustion chamber 33,
The gas retention time in the first combustion chamber 33 can be made relatively long, and the occurrence of uneven combustion in the first combustion chamber 33 can be suppressed as much as possible.

The second combustion chamber 34 has a flow area larger than the opening area of the outlet 35 at the lower end of the first combustion chamber 33 and is continuous with the first combustion chamber 33. When the gas flows into the second combustion chamber 34, the gas flow is restricted at the outlet 35 of the first combustion chamber 33,
Even if combustion unevenness occurs in the first combustion chamber 33, the incomplete combustion gas or smoke and the high-temperature gas generated by complete combustion are effectively mixed at the outlet 35, and the second air supply nozzle 38 , 38 .. from the outlet 35
Since the mixed gas is supplied to the upper part of the second combustion chamber 34 toward the mixed gas, combustion with higher complete burnup can be achieved.

In the first combustion chamber 33, the tapered surface 28
The combustion of the refuse 9 is continued only in the vicinity of a.
When the steam and unburned gas generated from the unburned refuse 9 by the combustion chamber in the first combustion chamber 33 rise by convection and come into contact with the cylindrical inner surface 27a, they are cooled to become a tar-like liquid,
This wets the cylindrical inner surface 27a. Therefore, garbage 9
If papers that are not rounded are mixed in, the papers tend to stick to the cylindrical inner surface 27a. However, a plurality of protrusions 55 project from the cylindrical inner side surface 27a, and even if the cylindrical inner side surface 27a is wet, the contact area of the paper with the cylindrical inner side surface 27a is increased by each of the protrusions 55. As a result, the sticking of papers to the cylindrical inner side surface 27a is prevented as much as possible. Therefore, the weight 42 smoothly descends, and stable combustion on the tapered surface 28a is guaranteed.

By the way, when the O ₂ sensor 60 detects that the smoldering state occurs in the first combustion chamber 33 at the end of combustion, the control means 59 controls the first air supply nozzle 37.
Is increased and the combustion air reaches the refuse layer in the smolder state, so that the refuse 9 is burned in a state close to complete combustion, and Odor can be prevented as much as possible. Moreover, the amount of combustion air supplied from the second air supply nozzles 38 is reduced according to the detection of the smoking state.
4, the unburned gas can be completely burned, and the generation of smoke and odor can be more reliably prevented.

In addition, the amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzles 37 is increased and the second air supply nozzles 37 are increased.
In controlling the reduction of the amount of combustion air to be supplied from the first and second air supply nozzles 37, 38, the first and second air supply nozzles 37, 38,. Since it is connected to the sirocco fan 39 and the control means 59 only changes the opening of the opening control valve 58, complicated air supply control is not required.

In this embodiment, the second air supply nozzles 38 are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction above the second combustion chamber 34. The plurality of second air supply nozzles 38 may be disposed above the combustion chamber 34 to supply the combustion air over a relatively wide range above the second combustion chamber 34.

Further, a constricted portion 40 is formed on the outer surface of the incinerator main body 22, and the sirocco fan 39 is disposed in the space 41 outside the constricted portion 40. The incinerator 5 can be arranged closer to the 22 side, and the entire incinerator 5 can be configured more compactly.

By the way, when ash generated by combustion in the first combustion chamber 33 or incompletely burned material which has become brittle due to the progress of combustion to some extent falls by gravity, the first combustion chamber 33 If the outlet 35 is blocked even momentarily, the flow of the supply air and the combustion gas in the first combustion chamber 33 is disturbed, and the combustion becomes unstable even temporarily. However,
At the lower portion of the tapered surface 28a, a three-dimensional lattice-shaped rostrator 43 extending upward so as to cover the outlet 35 is attached, and the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of openings 44, 44. The opening area of each of the openings 44 is smaller than the opening area of the outlet 35. Therefore, of the ash and incompletely burned materials that have fallen, those larger than the opening area of the outlet 35 can be temporarily retained around the rostrum 43 in a range wider than the opening area of the outlet 35. Since the total opening area of the openings 44 is sufficiently large, the gas flow is not obstructed by the roastles 43. Further, by being blown off by the gas flow, each of the openings 44, 44.
Ash and incompletely burned materials that have become smaller than
3 to the outlet 35, but since the individual opening area of each of the openings 44 is smaller than the opening area of the outlet 35, the outlet 35 is not blocked by the falling object, and the first combustion chamber It is possible to prevent the flow of the supply air and the combustion gas in the inside 33 from being disturbed, and to maintain more stable combustion.

In such a waste incinerator 5, since the waste 9 is continuously burned little by little near the tapered surface 28a, the amount of heat generated per unit time does not increase. Can be avoided, and the restriction on the installation location due to the high temperature of the incinerator 5 when used at home or the like can be eliminated. In addition, the gradual continuation of the combustion of the refuse 9 suppresses the amount of combustion gas generated per unit time, and suppresses the generation of unburned gas as much as possible by sufficiently supplying combustion air. Exhaust gas can be purified as much as possible. Therefore, the refuse incinerator 5 can be installed in each household with almost no problem, and the garbage 9 is incinerated by being disposed of frequently every time the garbage 9 comes out, with the feeling that the refuse is disposed of in the trash box. , It is possible to reduce the weight.

[0053] Combustion gas discharged from the refuse incinerator 5 is directed to the first and second heating tank 13 _1, 13 _2, these heating tank 13 _1, at 13 _2, Ryogen'yo treatment tank 6,
The amount of heat from the combustion gas is transmitted to 7 and the garbage disposal tank 8. This makes it possible to reduce the volume by heating the PET bottle 16 and the Styrofoam product 17 and the like that are pressurized by the weights 16 and 17 in both the volume reduction treatment tanks 6 and 7. The garbage processing tank 8 can be maintained at an optimum temperature suitable for organic processing such as fermentation volume reduction.
Thus, the heat transfer and the first and second blowing fans 48,
The temperature of the gas exhausted from the exhaust port 21 can be reduced by the air mixing from the exhaust port 49.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which parts corresponding to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The cylindrical inner surface 27a of the first combustion chamber 33
, A plurality of projections 61... Extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical inner side surface 27a are integrally provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical inner side surface 27a.

With such projections 61, as in the case of the first embodiment, the sticking of papers to the cylindrical inner surface 27a is prevented as much as possible, and the weight 44 can be smoothly lowered to enable stable combustion. Can be continued.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the appended claims. It is possible to do.

[0058]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first state is maintained until the smoke state is detected by the exhaust gas sensor.
A relatively small amount of combustion air is supplied from the air supply nozzle to slowly burn debris in the first combustion chamber, and a relatively large amount of combustion air is supplied from the second air supply nozzle to complete combustion. To further burn unburned gas in the second combustion chamber, reduce the amount of heat generated per unit time and the amount of combustion gas generated relatively, and eliminate restrictions on the installation location when used at home, etc. Waste can be incinerated and reduced by frequently discarding it at home when waste is generated. Moreover, when the smoke state is detected by the exhaust gas sensor, the supply amount of combustion air from the first air supply nozzle is increased so that the combustion air reaches the garbage layer in the smoke state,
By burning garbage in a state close to complete combustion, generation of smoke and odor can be prevented as much as possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, after the smoke state is detected, the amount of combustion air supplied from the second air supply nozzle is also reduced to prevent a decrease in combustion temperature in the second combustion chamber. Complete combustion of unburned gas can be enabled.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the weight is compressed by the weight in the first combustion chamber and pressed against the tapered surface, so that the gentle combustion near the tapered surface can be stably maintained. it can.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the amount of combustion air from the second air supply nozzle is automatically reduced in accordance with the increase in the amount of combustion air supplied from the first air supply nozzle. The amount of combustion air supplied from the first and second air supply nozzles can be easily controlled with a small number of parts and a simple configuration that does not require complicated control.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the exhaust gas sensor is an O ₂ sensor, O _2
(2) By detecting the concentration, the state of smoking in the first combustion chamber can be easily detected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an entire waste disposal apparatus including a waste incinerator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refuse incinerator.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control circuit of an electric heater and a fan motor.

FIG. 5 is an operation timing chart of an electric heater and a fan.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

9 Refuse 22 ... Incinerator body 28 a ... Tapered surface 32 ... Combustion chamber 33 ... First combustion chamber 34 ... Second combustion chamber 37 ... First air supply nozzle 38 ... second air supply nozzle 39 ... fan 42 ... weight 59 ... control means 60 ... O ₂ sensor as exhaust gas sensor

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tapered surface (28a) narrowing downward.
At the lower end of the first combustion chamber (33) having a lower side surface, a second combustion chamber (34) is provided at the lower end thereof with a combustion chamber (32). )
Incinerator main body (22) configured to be capable of charging air and preventing supply of air from above to the first combustion chamber (33).
And a first air supply nozzle (37) provided in the incinerator body (22) to supply combustion air for burning the dust (9) in the first combustion chamber (33) near the tapered surface (28a). ) And the first combustion chamber (33) to the second combustion chamber (3).
A second air supply nozzle (38) provided in the incinerator body (22) to supply combustion air for completely burning unburned gas flowing to 4) to the second combustion chamber (34), and a second combustion chamber ( An exhaust gas sensor (60) for monitoring whether or not the combustion state of the refuse (9) in the first combustion chamber (33) is in a smoke state by monitoring the properties of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas sensor (34); Until the smoldering state is detected in 60), the combustion set to be smaller than the combustion air supply amount from the second air supply nozzle (38) in order to slowly burn the dust (9) in the first combustion chamber (33). Air is supplied from the first air supply nozzle (37) by the supply amount of air for use, but after the detection of the smoking state, the supply amount of combustion air from the first air supply nozzle (37) is increased from that before the detection of the smoking state. In this way, the first air supply Waste treatment apparatus characterized by a control means (59) for controlling the amount of air supplied from the Le (37). 2. The control means (59) reduces the amount of combustion air from the second air supply nozzle (38) after the detection of the smoking state by the exhaust gas sensor (60) as compared to before the detection of the smoking state. And the second air supply nozzle (3
2. The refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refuse disposal apparatus is configured to control the amount of air supplied from (8). 3. A weight (42) for pressing the dust (9) against the tapered surface (28a) and compressing the dust (9) in order to continue the gentle burning of the dust (9) in the first combustion chamber (33). The refuse treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the refuse disposal device is provided. 4. The first and second air supply nozzles (3).
7, 38) are provided with first and second air supply nozzles (37, 38).
4. The refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of air distributed to the refrigeration unit is variable and connected to a common fan. 5. The refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas sensor is an O ₂ sensor.