JPH10304766A - Method for culturing mycorrhiza mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the growth speed of mycorrhiza mushrooms which are slow in growth rate by culturing the mycorrhiza mushrooms in a culture medium contg. specific salts, such as sulfite. SOLUTION: The mycorrhiza mushrooms, such as Matsutake mushrooms, Lyophyllum shimeji, Truffles, which forms mycorrhiza are cultured in the culture medium contg. the salts consisting of one or >=2 kinds among sulfite, thiosulfate and dithioate which are preferably 0.2 to 2.0 mmol/l in concn. A sodium salt and potassium salt are preferable as the salts.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for culturing mycorrhizal mushrooms that form mycorrhizas such as matsutake mushrooms, hon-shimeji mushrooms and truffles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mushrooms that form mycorrhiza in host plants such as matsutake mushrooms, hon-shimeji mushrooms and truffles are different from wood rot fungi such as shiitake mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms and nameko mushrooms in that they are artificially cultured to form fruiting bodies. Is very difficult. For example,
In the case of matsutake mushrooms, pine mushroom hyphae symbiotic and spread on the roots of red pine,
Over a long period of time, a mycelial mass called "white" is formed in the root zone.
Furthermore, when the climate, the illuminance, etc. become the optimal environmental conditions, fruiting bodies (mushrooms) are generated.

However, in recent years, the decline of the Japanese red pine forest, and harmful mushrooms and filamentous fungi have proliferated in the vicinity of "white", thereby invading "white", and in recent years, the yield of matsutake has been decreasing year by year. is there. Therefore, various studies have been made for the purpose of artificial culture of mycorrhizal mushrooms such as matsutake mushrooms, which are high quality foods.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-240726 discloses a method of forming mycorrhizal fungi directly in a host plant and cultivating mycorrhizal mushrooms in a mountain forest. A method for mycorrhizal mycorrhizal formation in which the mycelium of a mycorrhizal fungus is embedded in a gel when inoculating the fungal host plant roots is proposed.

[0005] However, even in this method, in practice, germs easily grow in the root zone of the host plant, and mycorrhizal fungi are often selected before "white" is formed.

Also, many attempts have been made to form a fruiting body by culturing a large amount of hyphae in an artificial medium without using a host plant such as a mountain forest. For example, JP-A-58-72
No. 51 discloses that mycorrhizal fungi include carbon sources, nitrogen sources, vitamins,
It is cultured in a medium containing minerals, nucleic acid-related substances, etc. to form immature mycelial masses, and the formed mycelium is cultured as a liquid fungus in a medium containing the same components as above to form fruit body primordia. An artificial cultivation method of mycorrhizal fungi has been proposed.

[0007] In addition, JP-A-5-192034 discloses a method for promoting the growth of mushroom hyphae and promoting the formation of fruiting bodies by adding cyclodextrin to a culture medium to accelerate the growth of mushroom hyphae.
A method for uniformly forming fruit body primordia has been proposed.

The above-mentioned JP-A-58-7251 and JP-A-5-7251 are disclosed.
In the method described in No. 192034, the effect of accelerating the growth rate of the hypha to some extent and shortening the culture period is recognized. However, compared to microorganisms such as filamentous fungi and decaying mushrooms, the growth rate of mycelium is slow, and further improvement is desired in practical use.

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and uses a medium having excellent reproducibility of preparation without using a complicated composition. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing mycorrhizal mushrooms, which can improve the culture speed of cultivation.

[0010]

According to the method for cultivating mycorrhizal mushrooms of the present invention, when culturing mycorrhizal mushrooms in a medium, the medium is one of sulfites, thiosulfates and dithionites. Alternatively, it is characterized by containing two or more salts.

[0011] Mycorrhizal mushrooms applicable to the present invention include matsutake mushroom, bakamatsutake, fake matsutake, honshimeji,
For example, white shimeji mushroom, shouro, truffle, Amitake, Amigasatake, fox mushroom, Kurokawa and the like are exemplified. Among them, matsutake mushroom has a remarkable effect.

A sulfite, a thiosulfate,
Examples of the dithionite include alkali metal salts thereof, and sodium salts and potassium salts are particularly preferable. The concentration of the salts in the medium is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mmol / L in total of one or more kinds. The reason is that if the concentration is less than 0.1 mmol / L, the effect of the added salts hardly appears, and if it exceeds 2.0 mmol / L, the growth of mycelium is inhibited.

The medium used in the present invention may be a liquid medium or a solid medium containing agar or the like. The components of the composition of the medium can be used without any particular limitation as long as they are used for the medium in culturing general microorganisms. For example, as a carbon source, glucose, fructose, mannose, maltose, starch, dextrin, etc., and as a nitrogen source, ammonium tartrate, ammonium sulfate, amino acids, casamino acids, yeast extract, dried yeast, meat extract, soytone, peptone, corn steep Liquor can be added with nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, folic acid, biotin, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine hydrochloride, etc. as vitamins.

In addition, AMP, GMP, TMP, CM
Nucleic acid-related substances such as P, UMP, and cyclic AMP, and inorganic salts such as potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, and calcium chloride can be added. It is also possible to add plant hormones, lignin, sugar complexes and the like.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The strain used was Matsutake fungi (IFO30773) obtained from the Fermentation Research Institute. This strain was cultured on the agar medium shown in Table 1 in advance, and 5
× 5 mm mycelium pieces were cultured in the medium obtained in the following Examples.

(Example 1) Glucose, dried yeast (ebios powder) and agar were dispersed or dissolved in tap water,
After the medium adjusted to 5.1 was sterilized in an autoclave, a sodium dithionite solution sterilized by a filtration method was added at a blending amount shown in Table 1 and mixed to obtain a plate agar medium. Four mycelium pieces were inoculated into this medium and cultured at 25 ° C. for 3 weeks.

(Examples 2 to 6) Instead of sodium dithionite used in Example 1, sodium thiosulfate was used in Examples 2 and 3, potassium sulfite was used in Example 4, and Examples 5 and 6 were not. Mycelium was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that sodium sulfite was used in the amount shown in Table 1.

(Example 7) The synthetic medium composition of mycorrhizal mushrooms shown in Table 2 was sterilized in an autoclave, and then a sodium thiosulfate solution sterilized by a filtration method was added in the amount shown in Table 3 and mixed. A plate agar medium was used. Mycelium was cultured in this medium in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 8 Mycelium was cultured in the same manner as in Example 7 except that potassium sulfite was used instead of sodium thiosulfate.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Instead of the sodium dithionite used in Example 1, sodium sulfate was used in Comparative Example 1 in the amount shown in Table 1. In Comparative Example 2, sodium dithionite was used. Mycelium was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was not used.

Comparative Example 3 Mycelium was cultured in the same manner as in Example 7 except that sodium thiosulfate was not used.

Evaluation of mycelium growth rate The culture results in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated as follows. The mycelium was collected from the medium, and the medium components were sufficiently washed, and dried by heating at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and the dry weight of the mycelium was measured. The diameter of the colonies of mycelium growing on the agar medium was measured using calipers. The above results are shown in Tables 1 and 4.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]

[Table 2]

[0025]

[Table 3]

[0026]

[Table 4]

[0027]

According to the method for cultivating mycorrhizal mushrooms of the present invention, the growth rate of mycorrhizal mushrooms, which has conventionally been slow to grow, can be improved.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A culture medium for culturing mycorrhizal mushrooms in a medium, wherein the medium contains one or more salts of sulfites, thiosulfates and dithionites. A method for culturing mycorrhizal mushrooms. 2. The concentration of salts of one or more of sulfites, thiosulfates and dithionites contained in the medium is in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mmol / L. A method for culturing the mycorrhizal mushroom according to claim 1.