JPH10289097A - Kernel construction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a kernel having arrangement where an instruction and data with high access frequency are not competed on a cache memory by constructing the kernel where kernel modules are linked in order from high reference frequency based on reference frequency for the respective storage areas of a managed whole machine type storage device. SOLUTION: When a processor 10 refers to a main storage device 40 in a process where it executes a target operation processing, a reference frequency storage device 20 monitors access and an address judgment part 21 judges an address. A frequency storage part 22 updates the reference frequency of a block obtained in a judgment processing by the address judgment part 21. A kernel construction part 50 generates a module list 42 where module names are arranged in order from high reference frequency. The kernel modules are linked in order from the module of high reference frequency in accordance with the generated module list 42 and the new kernel 61 is generated. Thus, the cache memory 30 can efficiently be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a kernel construction system used for constructing a kernel in a computer system using a cache memory, and more particularly to a kernel construction system for constructing a kernel based on a memory reference frequency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a computer system in which a cache memory is used to improve system performance by accelerating a memory access, a method of efficiently using a cache memory has been devised.

In a computer system using this kind of conventional cache memory, when memory areas which are different but have different tags but are on the same cache line are alternately accessed, cache thrashing whose performance is deteriorated due to a cache miss which occurs every time the access is made. There is a problem.
Although various proposals have been made with respect to a countermeasure against this problem, one example is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-187.
There is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. H.245.

The cache control system described in the publication has a register for setting an address of a permanent cache area where specific data is always stored.
The user designates an area frequently used by an operation system or the like as a permanent cache area as a permanent cache area and sets an address in a register so that the storage content of an arbitrary storage area in the main storage device is made resident in the cache memory. Becomes possible. This allows effective use of the cache memory.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique of using a cache memory, first, since an area of a main storage device to be used as a permanent cache area is determined by a user, an access frequency is not always required. However, there is a disadvantage that a region having a high value does not become a permanent region.

In addition, since a cache line in which a permanent area is set is occupied by the area, a memory area having the same cache line as the permanent area but having a different tag is included in the cache memory even if the access frequency is high. There is no. In other words, there is a drawback that an area which is not set in the cache memory occurs even though the access frequency is high because the area is not set in the permanent area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and manage frequently accessed instructions and data.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kernel construction system for constructing a kernel having an arrangement in which instructions and data frequently accessed do not conflict on the cache memory when the kernel is constructed in a computer system using a cache memory.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kernel construction system for constructing a kernel for controlling a computer system, wherein a reference from a processor in the computer system to a main storage is monitored. A reference frequency management unit that manages a reference frequency to the storage area of the main storage device, and a reference frequency management unit that manages the reference frequency of the storage region of all the model storage devices managed by the reference frequency management unit. And kernel construction means for constructing a kernel in which kernel modules are linked in order from the first.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the kernel constructing system, the kernel constructing unit treats the instruction reference frequency and the data reference frequency separately, and makes the text part and the data part of the kernel module independent. And are linked in the order of reference frequency.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the kernel construction system according to the third aspect of the invention, the reference frequency management unit may be configured such that an address of a storage area of the main storage device referred to by the processor stores the main storage device in cache line size units. Address determining means for determining which block corresponds to the case where the image data is divided into blocks, and storage means for storing a reference frequency in cache line size units determined by the address determining unit.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kernel construction system according to the fourth aspect, wherein the kernel construction means is stored in a predetermined storage means and records a correspondence between a kernel module and an address at which the kernel module is arranged. A module for managing history information of a reference frequency of a kernel module stored in a predetermined storage unit and obtained from the information on the reference frequency stored in the frequency storage unit of the reference frequency management unit and the kernel construction information. A reference frequency history, a module list stored in a predetermined storage means for managing a reference frequency rank for each kernel module based on the module reference frequency history, the frequency storage means of the reference frequency management means, and the kernel construction Based on the information, the module reference frequency history and the module Together to create a preparative, based on said module reference frequency history created with the module list, characterized in that it comprises a kernel build execution means for creating a new kernel and the kernel build information.

Further, in another aspect, as a module list, an instruction module list for managing a reference frequency rank of each kernel module relating to an instruction based on the module reference frequency history, and a data list based on the module reference frequency history. A data module list for managing a reference frequency order for each kernel module.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a kernel construction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the kernel construction system of this embodiment comprises a kernel construction means 100 for executing kernel construction, and a reference frequency management means 200 for managing the frequency of reference to the storage area of the main storage device. . FIG. 2 shows FIG.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a state in which the kernel construction system of FIG. In FIG. 2, a kernel construction unit 50, a module reference frequency history 41 and a module list 42 stored in the main storage device 40 are shown.
And the kernel construction information 6 stored in the external storage device 60
2 corresponds to the kernel construction means 100 and the processor 1
The reference frequency storage device 20 provided between 0 and the cache memory 30 corresponds to the reference frequency storage unit 200. 1 and 2 show only the characteristic configuration of the present embodiment, and the description of other general configurations is omitted.

In FIG. 2, a processor 10 executes arithmetic processing according to various purposes under program control. Further, when the processor 10 accesses the main storage device 40, it always accesses via the cache memory 30. Therefore, access to the main storage device 40 is performed via the reference frequency storage device 20 located between the processor 10 and the cache memory 30. Therefore, the reference frequency storage device 20 can manage access from the processor 10 to the main storage device 40 without leaking.

The reference frequency storage device 20 includes an address determination unit 21 and a frequency storage unit 22, as shown in FIG.
The address determination unit 21 is, for example, a program-controlled C
The address of the storage area of the main storage device 40 realized by the PU and referenced by the processor 10
Is determined in the case where is divided into cache line size units. The frequency storage unit 22 is realized by, for example, a RAM or other semiconductor memory, and stores the reference frequency in cache line size units determined by the address determination unit 21. Therefore, each time the processor 10 accesses the main storage device 40, the address determining unit 21 determines the address of the reference area, and
The reference frequency of the corresponding block stored in the frequency storage unit 22 is updated.

The kernel construction unit 50 is realized by, for example, a CPU controlled by a program. When a new kernel is constructed, the kernel construction information 50 of the frequency storage unit 22 of the reference frequency storage device 20 and the kernel construction information 62 of the external storage device 60 are stored. Based on this, a module reference frequency history 41 and a module list 42 are created on the main storage device 40. Further, a new kernel 61 and kernel construction information 62 are created on the external storage device 60 based on the created module reference frequency history 41 and module list 42.

The module reference frequency history 41 of the main storage device 40 is obtained from the information on the reference frequency stored in the frequency storage unit 22 of the reference frequency storage device 20 and the kernel construction information 62 stored in the external storage device 60. This is history information of the module reference frequency. Module list 42
Is a list for managing the order of reference frequency of kernel modules.

Kernel construction information 62 of the external storage device 60
Records which module is allocated to which address. The external storage device 60 stores a kernel 61 created by the kernel construction unit 50.

In the above configuration, the CPU that implements the kernel construction unit 50 and the address determination unit 21 of the reference product storage device 20 may be the processor 10. The main storage device 40 is realized by, for example, a RAM or another semiconductor memory. The external storage device 60 is realized by, for example, a hard disk or other magnetic disk device or a magneto-optical disk device.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. FIG.
4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the reference frequency storage device 20 when the processor 10 refers to the main storage device 40, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the kernel construction unit 50 when the kernel is constructed.

During operation of the computer system,
When the processor 10 refers to the main storage device 40 in the course of executing the target arithmetic processing (FIG. 3, step 301), the reference frequency storage device 20 monitors the access, and the address determination unit 21 performs the address determination ( Step 3
02). That is, when the kernel space is divided into cache line size units, a block to which the address of the reference area belongs by the access is obtained. Then, the frequency storage unit 22 updates the reference frequency of the block obtained in the determination processing by the address determination unit 21 (Step 30).
3).

Next, when rebuilding the kernel, the kernel building unit 50 first stores the reference frequency to the main storage device 40 recorded by the reference frequency storage device 20 at the time of operation of the computer system, into the frequency storage unit 22. Remove from Then, by using the kernel construction information 62 stored in the external storage device 60, the correspondence relationship such as to which module the address in the main storage device 40 of the reference destination extracted from the frequency storage unit 22 belongs is checked, and the module reference frequency is checked. A history 41 is created (FIG. 4, step 40).
1).

Next, based on the created module reference frequency history 41, the kernel construction unit 50 creates a module list 42 in which module names are arranged in descending order of reference frequency.
Is created (step 402).

Finally, according to the created module list 42, a new kernel 61 is created by linking kernel modules in order from the module having the highest reference frequency.
Along with this, the kernel construction information 62 for recording the correspondence between the module and the address where the module is arranged is updated (step 403).

With the above, the reconstruction of the kernel is completed. The timing of rebuilding the kernel is set arbitrarily by the user, such as when the computer system is started, when a module is added, or when the number of updates of the frequency storage unit 22 of the reference frequency storage device 20 exceeds a certain number. be able to.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of building a kernel according to this embodiment. In the illustrated example, modules A to
A kernel is created by linking E.

Referring to FIG. 5, the reference frequency of each module is D, A, E, C, and B in descending order of frequency. Therefore, the kernel is arranged in order from the module D to the module A and the module E, and the module D and the module A with high reference frequency are allocated to the cache memory 30.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Also in this embodiment, the kernel construction system comprises the kernel construction means 100 and the reference frequency management means 2
00. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a manner in which the kernel construction system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is implemented on a computer system.

According to the present embodiment, the kernel construction unit 51
Creates a module list divided into an instruction module list 43 that manages the order of reference frequency of instructions and a data module list 44 that manages the order of reference frequency of data. Other configurations and functions are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The operation of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the kernel construction unit 51 according to the present embodiment at the time of kernel construction. The operation of the reference frequency storage device 20 when the processor 10 refers to the main storage device 40 is the same as the operation of the reference frequency storage device 20 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. .

When rebuilding the kernel, the kernel building unit 51 firstly stores the main storage device 40 recorded by the reference frequency storage device 20 when the computer system is operating.
The frequency of reference to is retrieved from the frequency storage unit 22. And
Kernel construction information 6 stored in external storage device 60
The module reference frequency history 41 is created by examining the correspondence relationship to which module the address in the main memory 40 of the reference destination extracted from the frequency storage unit 22 belongs to using the number 2 (step 701).

Next, based on the created module reference frequency history 41, the kernel construction unit 51 generates an instruction module list 43 in which module names relating to instructions are arranged in descending order of reference frequency, and a module name relating to data refers to the reference frequency. And the data module list 44 arranged in ascending order (step 702).

Finally, the created instruction module list 4
3 and the data module list 44, a new kernel 61 is created by linking kernel modules in order from the module having the highest reference frequency. At this time, the text part is created according to the instruction module list 43, and the data part is created according to the data module list 44. Further, the kernel construction information 62 for recording the correspondence between the module and the address where the module is arranged is updated (step 703).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of building a kernel according to the present embodiment. In the illustrated example, modules A to
A kernel is created by linking E.

Referring to FIG. 8, the reference frequency of each module is D, E,
A, C, and B, and the data are A, D, C, B, and E in descending order of frequency. Therefore,
In the kernel to be constructed, the text part (kernel text) is arranged in order from the module D, and modules D and E with high reference frequency are allocated to the cache memory 30. The data section (kernel data) is arranged in order from module A, and modules A and D with high reference frequency are allocated to the cache memory 30.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above embodiments.

[0040]

As described above, the kernel construction system of the present invention monitors access from the processor to the main storage while the computer system is operating, and manages the frequency of reference to the area of the main storage. The kernel is built according to the reference frequency stored at the time of building the kernel. As a result, modules can be linked in order of reference frequency, and modules with high reference frequency can be grouped at the top of the kernel. For this reason, modules with a high frequency of reference are simultaneously loaded in the cache memory, and the cache memory can be used efficiently.

Also, since the processor monitors access to the main storage device during operation of the computer system, the frequency of reference to the area of the main storage device is obtained, so that an optimal module suitable for the operation mode of the system is obtained. This has the effect that a kernel with an arrangement can be created.

Further, by separately handling the reference frequency of instructions and the reference frequency of data, the cache memory is divided into those for instructions and those for data, and instructions and data with high reference frequencies are independently selected and cached. Since the memory can be mounted on the memory, the use efficiency of the cache memory can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a kernel construction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a state where the kernel construction system of the present embodiment is realized on a computer system.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the reference frequency storage device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a kernel construction unit according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of kernel construction according to the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a state where a kernel construction system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is realized on a computer system.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a kernel construction unit according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of kernel construction according to the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 processor 20 reference frequency storage device 21 address determination unit 22 frequency storage unit 30 cache memory 40 main storage device 41 module reference frequency history 42 module list 43 instruction module list 44 data module list 50 kernel construction unit 60 external storage device 61 kernel 62 kernel Construction information

Claims (5)

[Claims] In a kernel construction system for constructing a kernel for controlling a computer system, a processor in the computer system monitors a reference to a main storage device and manages a reference frequency to a storage area of the main storage device. Reference frequency management means, and kernel construction for linking kernel modules in descending order of the reference frequency based on the reference frequency for each storage area of all types of storage devices managed by the reference frequency management means And a kernel construction system. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the kernel constructing unit treats the reference frequency of the instruction and the reference frequency of the data individually, and links the text part and the data part of the kernel module independently in order of the reference frequency. The kernel construction system according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The reference frequency management means determines which block in the case where the address of the storage area of the main storage device referred to by the processor corresponds to the case where the main storage device is divided into cache line size units. 2. The kernel construction system according to claim 1, further comprising: an address determination unit; and a storage unit configured to store a reference frequency in cache line size units determined by the address determination unit. 4. The kernel construction information stored in a predetermined storage means, the kernel construction information recording a correspondence relationship between a kernel module and an address where the kernel module is arranged, and the kernel construction information stored in a predetermined storage means, A module reference frequency history for managing history information of the reference frequency of the kernel module obtained from the information on the reference frequency stored in the frequency storage means of the reference frequency management means and the kernel construction information, and stored in a predetermined storage means A module list for managing a reference frequency rank for each kernel module based on the module reference frequency history; and a module reference frequency history based on the frequency storage unit and the kernel construction information of the reference frequency management unit. The module list is created, and the created module is created. Wherein the reference frequency history based on the module list, the kernel construction system according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a kernel build execution means for creating a new kernel and the kernel build information. 5. The kernel construction information stored in a predetermined storage means, the kernel construction information recording a correspondence relationship between a kernel module and an address where the kernel module is arranged, and the kernel construction information stored in a predetermined storage means, An instruction module list for managing the reference frequency order for each of the kernel modules with respect to the instruction based on the module reference frequency history; and a reference frequency for each kernel module for data stored in a predetermined storage unit and based on the module reference frequency history. Creating a module reference frequency history and the module list based on the data module list for managing the order, the frequency storage means of the reference frequency management means, and the kernel construction information; History and the module list Based on kernel construction system of claim 1 to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a kernel build execution means for creating a new kernel and the kernel build information.