JPH10274982A - Electronic instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make possible imparting a natural delay vibrato effect without enlarging capacity a calculating buffer. SOLUTION: A delay vibrato calculation part 12 calculates a vibrato waveform until a delay vibrato arrives at a stationary state of a fixed depth. On the other hand, in the stationary state, the delay vibrato calculation part 12 is released, and the vibrato waveform by the fixed depth stored in a delay vibrato information storage part 11 is outputted. Then, the delay vibrato generated after the calculation part 12 is released is made a perfect waveform based on calculation. Further, since the later departed delay vibrato generated until arriving at the stationary state is generated using storage contents in a calculation result storage part 14, the calculating buffer for this later departed delay vibrato is omitted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument,
In particular, it relates to an electronic musical instrument to which delay vibrato can be applied as a tone effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Delay vibrato is known as one of tone effects of electronic musical instruments. This is a string instrument, wind instrument, etc.
This is an effect for reproducing the sound of a continuous tone instrument more faithfully. The depth of the vibrato is gradually increased from the start of sounding, and the vibrato having the predetermined depth is taken over time.

FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of delay vibrato for each sound source channel of a sound source. FIG. 6A shows an example in which a vibrato waveform from the start of sound generation to the scheduled depth is calculated for each sound generation channel and sound is generated. In this example,
In each sounding channel ch1 to ch3, vibrato start S
The vibrato calculated is continuously added in a region where the amplitude increases until the predetermined depth D is reached, and in a continuous region thereafter.

FIG. 9 (b) shows that when a musical tone is generated for the first time from silence, a delay vibrato based on a calculation is performed, and when a sound is generated on another sounding channel ch2 or ch3 during this sounding. In this example, the vibrato is started from the same depth as the vibrato that is currently sounding.

FIG. 9 (c) shows that when a musical tone is first generated from a silence, a delay vibrato based on a calculation is performed. In this example, the vibrato sounding is stopped at t), and the depth is gradually increased a little after the delay time DT has elapsed from the amplitude “0” similarly to the first sounding.

[0006] Regarding the method of adding delay vibrato,
An example of an electronic musical instrument that adds a delay vibrato effect to output musical sound waveform data by changing the pitch of the musical sound waveform based on the sounding channel data stored in the AM is described in JP-A-7-199931.

[0007]

The conventional delay vibrato adding method has the following problems. First, in the method of calculating delay vibrato waveform parameters as sounding channel data for each sounding channel, and adding delay vibrato based on the waveform parameters (FIG. 9A), a large memory area is used for the calculation. In addition,
There is a problem that the calculation becomes large and the processing time is required.

Further, a method of calculating the time and depth of vibrato in the next sound generation based on the previously generated musical sound (FIG. 9B), and clearing the previous vibrato once for each musical sound generation (FIG. 9 (c)) has a problem that the musical tone becomes unnatural.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can add a delay vibrato without increasing the memory area used for calculating the vibrato frequency and without causing unnaturalness. The purpose is to provide.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a delay section from the generation of a musical tone to the start of vibrato, a vibrato depth increasing section following the delay section, and a vibrato depth. An electronic musical instrument capable of adding a delay vibrato effect comprising a duration in which a vibrato depth is maintained at a constant value, a calculating means for calculating a vibrato depth, and a storage means for storing the vibrato depth calculated by the calculating means And frequency adding means for adding a vibrato frequency corresponding to the vibrato depth calculated by the calculating means to a basic frequency of a basic waveform, wherein a predetermined vibrato depth is used in the duration. The calculation means and the storage means are released for calculating the vibrato depth corresponding to the subsequent musical tone, and the starting delay is calculated. When a later delay vibrato request occurs in the delay section and the increase section of the vibrato, a delay vibrato is applied based on the vibrato depth stored in the storage means, and a later delay vibrato request is made in the duration of the preceding delay vibrato. The first feature is that when a delay occurs, a delay vibrato corresponding to the subsequent delay vibrato request is applied based on the vibrato depth calculated by the calculation means. Has a second feature.

According to the first and second aspects, the calculating means for calculating the delay vibrato depth is released after the vibrato depth reaches a predetermined maximum depth. Therefore, not only the vibrato of the tone signal generated first from the silence state, but also the vibrato corresponding to the later tone signal can be supplied as a complete delay vibrato waveform including the delay section. In addition, since the vibrato depth already calculated corresponding to the previous tone signal is used for the subsequent tone signal generated before the calculation means is released, the following tone signal is used. There is no need to use a calculation buffer to apply vibrato.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument including a sound source device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the keyboard device 1 has a plurality of keys 1a and sensors 1b provided corresponding to the respective keys 1a to detect a pressed state and a released state of the plurality of keys 1a. The sensor 1 b is connected to the bus 2, and key codes and touch information detected by the sensor 1 b are transmitted to the CPU 2 via the bus 2.
3 is input. The CPU 3 is connected to an operation panel 4 having various switches such as a power switch, a tone selection switch, and a volume switch, and a pedal 5 for providing a damper effect and a soft effect.

Further, an external device is connected to the CPU 3 via a MIDI interface 6. ROM7 is
It has an area as a program memory for storing a program executed by the CPU 3 and a timbre data memory (waveform memory) for storing timbre data. A data memory for automatic performance is also set in the ROM 7. The RAM 8 is provided with an area for storing change data such as registers and flags, that is, a work area. A buffer as a delay vibrato calculation unit described later is also set in a part of this area.

The CPU 3 responds to signals input from the keyboard 1, the operation panel 4, and the pedal 5 to read data from the ROM 7 or the R
Processing is performed using the programs and data stored in the AM 8, and an instruction based on the processing result is supplied to the musical sound generation unit 9. The tone generator 9 generates a tone signal based on an instruction from the CPU 3, D / A converts the tone signal, and supplies it to the sound system 10. The sound system 10 generates a tone based on the tone signal. The tone generator 9 can process tone signals corresponding to the number of sounding channels by time division processing.

Next, an outline of the operation of this embodiment will be described.
In the following description, it is assumed that a tone generation signal is input from an external device via the MIDI interface 6. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the timing of occurrence of delay vibrato. For the delay vibrato a, when the first tone generation signal is input at timing t1, the counter starts counting the delay time DT. And
When the delay time DT elapses, the delay section ends, and a transition is made to a depth increasing section, where the vibrato depth is gradually increased from timing t2. Vibrato depth (amplitude)
Has reached the scheduled value Bd, that is, the period after the timing t3 is a continuous period, and the vibrato depth of the scheduled value Bd is held until the musical sound generation signal is stopped. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the depth of the vibrato reaches the predetermined value Bd, the buffer for vibrato calculation is released thereafter, and the buffer can be used for calculating the delay vibrato of the musical tone generated next. To

That is, when the next tone generation signal is input during the generation of the delay vibrato a, the following processing is performed according to the input timing of the tone generation signal. In the period until the depth of the delay vibrato a reaches the predetermined value Bd, for example, at the timing t4 or the timing t4
If the second tone generation signal is input in step 5, the first
The delay vibrato b or c is applied according to the depth obtained by the calculation of the delay vibrato a.

When the next tone generation signal is input at a timing t6 after the delay vibrato a reaches the predetermined depth, the buffer for calculating the delay vibrato is vacant. This buffer can be used for generation. That is, the delay vibrato d can have a desired waveform in which the depth gradually increases after the delay time has elapsed from the state where the amplitude is “0”.

As described above, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to reserve buffers for calculating the delay vibrato corresponding to all the tone generation channels. In addition, unlike the prior art (FIG. 6B), the delay vibrato generated in the continuous section after the depth of the previous delay vibrato has reached the predetermined value may be an accurate delay vibrato based on the calculation. it can.

Next, the main functions of the tone generator 9 will be described. In FIG. 1, a delay vibrato information storage unit 11 provided in a ROM 7 stores a basic vibrato waveform and delay vibrato information to be generated, that is, a maximum depth Bd of the delay vibrato, a delay time DT, and a unit increment of the depth. Δd, that is, the rate is stored. The delay vibrato information is set, for example, for each tone color.

The delay vibrato calculating section 12 responds to the count up of the delay time DT and counts up by the counter. Based on the data stored in the delay vibrato information storage section 11, the delay vibrato calculating section 12 performs It has a function of calculating the delay vibrato depth and vibrato frequency. The calculated delay vibrato depth is output to the sound generation channel area 13 and the calculation result is stored in the calculation result storage unit 14.
The calculation result storage unit 14 stores the calculated vibrato depth for each sounding channel.

The buffer area used in the vibrato depth calculation and the calculation result storage section 14 of the delay vibrato calculation section 12 store the next delay vibrato depth when the depth of the delay vibrato being calculated reaches the maximum value. Cleared for use in calculating the height. After the depth of the delay vibrato has reached the maximum value, a constant value, that is, the maximum depth Bd is maintained regardless of the real-time calculation result by the delay vibrato calculation unit 12 until a tone stop signal is input by MIDI information. The frequency corresponding to the delayed vibrato waveform is output to the sound channel area 13. As the maximum depth Bd, fixed data separately stored in a storage unit (not shown) can be used.

The delay vibrato part discriminating section 15
It is determined from the MIDI information, that is, the performance information, whether or not it is a delay vibrato part, and if it is a delay vibrato part, a detection signal is output to the state determination unit 16. The state determination unit 16 responds to the detection signal input from the delay vibrato part determination unit 15 by using the delay vibrato calculation unit 1.
2 to determine its empty state.

When the delay vibrato calculation section 12 is free, the state determination section 16 causes the calculation section 12 to execute the calculation. If the delay vibrato calculation unit 12 is not empty, that is, if the calculation for generating the previous delay vibrato is being performed, the state determination unit 16 sets the calculation result storage unit 1
4 supplies a signal for reading a frequency based on the current delay vibrato depth to the sound generation channel area 13. If the part is not a delay vibrato part, the frequency is calculated based on a preset vibrato waveform of a predetermined depth for applying normal vibrato,
The signal is output to the sound channel region 13.

The fundamental frequency calculation section 17 reads out the tone waveform stored in the tone waveform storage section 18 provided in the ROM 7 in accordance with the key code, and determines the fundamental frequency based on the performance information. The fundamental frequency is supplied to the sound channel area 13. A decoration can be added to the fundamental frequency by using bend information or the like included in the performance information.

The MIDI information is obtained by a predetermined procedure.
Assigned to each sounding channel by the assigner 19. In the sound channel area 13, a tone signal is generated by adding the delay vibrato frequency to the fundamental frequency for each sound channel assigned by the assigner 19. The tone signal is output to the sound system 10.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument based on the above functions will be described with reference to flowcharts. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the main routine. After the power is turned on,
In step S1, the CPU 3, the RAM 8, the musical sound generator 9
Is initialized. In the switch event process of step S2, the state of a switch or the like for specifying a tone color is read and processed. In the keyboard event process of step S3, the sensor 1b provided corresponding to the key 1a
The key code and the velocity information detected in the step are read and processed. In the MIDI processing of step S4, the MI
The MIDI information input through the DI interface 6 is read and processed. In the vibrato process in step S5, a process of generating a vibrato waveform based on the above-described function (FIG. 1) is performed. In the other processes in step S6, various processes for giving a sound effect are performed as necessary. Note that an automatic performance process can be performed as needed.

Next, the tone generation start process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This sound generation start process is executed when key-on or MIDI information is input. In step S10, the fundamental frequency calculation unit 17 calculates the fundamental frequency based on the tone waveform in the tone waveform storage unit 18 based on the key number, octave change information, transpose information, and the like of the sound to be emitted. Since the key number, octave change information, transpose information, and the like are also used for processing pitch changes during sounding, such as bends and vibratos,
It is held in a buffer. In step S11, information on a pitch, such as bend information or tuning change information, is added to the fundamental frequency. These pieces of information can be changed during sound generation. Here, information to be added at the start of sound generation is added.

In step S12, it is determined whether or not the sound assigned to the sounding part is a delay vibrato part by referring to data set in advance for each timbre from a table or the like. The determination result is stored in the check flag. If it is determined that the part is not a delay vibrato part, the process proceeds to step S13 to set data for applying normal vibrato. In other words, data for applying vibrato at a preset constant depth from the start to the end of sound generation is set.

On the other hand, if it is the delay vibrato part, the process proceeds to step S14, and it is determined whether or not the buffer for delay vibrato calculation is empty. this is,
The determination is made based on the buffer check flag F indicating the empty state of the calculation buffer. Buffer check flag F
Is set in the main routine (described later). If the calculation buffer is free, the process proceeds to step S15, where a flag F indicating that the calculation buffer is being used is set, and step S1 is executed.
In step 6, a calculation buffer is reserved. In step S17, a counter for counting the delay time DT is started.

If the calculation buffer is not empty, the flow advances from step S14 to step S18 to set the current value of the vibrato depth of the part as the vibrato depth. That is, the fact that the calculation buffer is not empty means that there is a sound in the part where the vibrato is not in a steady state, and here, the sound follows the vibrato depth of the sound in which the vibrato is not in a steady state. Then, the vibrato depth of the sound to be generated next is determined.

Next, the vibrato process in the main routine will be further described with reference to FIG. In step S50, it is determined whether or not the part is a delay vibrato part. This determination is made with reference to a check flag indicating the determination result stored in the tone generation start process. In step S51, it is determined whether or not the delay time DT has elapsed based on whether or not the counter value of the delay time DT subtracted in the interrupt processing is "0".

If the delay time DT has elapsed, the flow advances to step S52 to determine whether or not the vibrato depth has reached a predetermined maximum depth Bd. If the maximum depth Bd has not been reached, the process proceeds to step S53, and the value obtained by adding the unit increase amount Δd to the current value of the vibrato depth is the maximum depth Bd.
It is determined whether or not d has been reached. If this judgment is affirmative,
It is determined that the vibrato has not reached the steady state, and the flow advances to step S54 to update the vibrato depth with a value obtained by adding the unit increment Δd to the current value.

If the determination in step S53 is negative, it is determined that the vibrato has reached the steady state, and the flow advances to step S55 to set the maximum value Bd as the vibrato depth and release the calculation buffer. In step S56,
The flag F is set to "0" to indicate that the calculation buffer is released. In step S57, calculation for applying vibrato at the above-described vibrato depth is performed.

Next, the vibrato calculation will be described in more detail. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing one period of the vibrato basic waveform, and shows a sawtooth wave as an example. In the figure, the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is displacement. Since the displacement at each time is stored as digital data, it is represented in a step-like manner.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the vibrato calculation based on the vibrato basic waveform and the vibrato depth. In step S571, displacement is read from the basic vibrato waveform in FIG. 7 based on the counter value of the interrupt timer. In step S572, an addition frequency, that is, a vibrato frequency is calculated. Here, a current vibrato depth is calculated by multiplying the extracted displacement by the vibrato depth. That is, the timing t1
The vibrato depth multiplied at time t2 (FIG. 3) is “0”, and the vibrato depth multiplied at timing t2 to t3 is a value between “0” and “Bd” according to the timing. is there. Then, the frequency of the vibrato waveform is calculated based on the current vibrato depth. The frequency calculating means based on the vibrato depth can be realized by, for example, a VCO. In step S573, the calculated addition frequency is added to the fundamental frequency calculated in step S10, and the result is written in the sound generation channel area 13.

The above-described vibrato processing is time-division-processed for each sounding channel. However, it is assumed that the buffer for calculating the delay vibrato is set so as to be commonly used for each MIDI channel, that is, for each part.

As described above, in this embodiment, the calculation of the delay vibrato depth is performed until the vibrato depth reaches the predetermined maximum value Bd, and thereafter, the delay vibrato is stored as a fixed value regardless of the calculation. Since the frequency of the vibrato waveform can be calculated based on the maximum value Bd, the buffer for calculating the vibrato depth can be released. Since the released buffer can be used for calculating the delay vibrato depth corresponding to the tone signal generated thereafter, the area of the delay vibrato depth calculation buffer does not need to be large.
The buffer for calculating the delay vibrato depth may be provided for each MIDI channel, that is, for each tone color or each part, as described above.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that delay vibrato is applied according to MIDI information. However, it is needless to say that delay vibrato can be applied based on performance information input from a key.

[0039]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the subsequent vibrato waveform generated after the preceding delay vibrato reaches the duration of a certain depth is completely delayed. Since it becomes a vibrato waveform, it becomes a delay vibrato as a natural effect without discomfort.

Further, the calculation for the delayed vibrato waveform that occurs until the end of the duration can be simplified, and as a result, the buffer for calculating the delay vibrato waveform can be reduced in capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating main functions of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a delay vibrato waveform.

FIG. 4 is a main flowchart showing an operation of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of vibrato depth calculation.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a vibrato process.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vibrato waveform.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of vibrato calculation.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a delay vibrato waveform according to the related art.

[Description of reference numerals] 1 ... keyboard device, 6 ... MIDI interface, 9 ...
Tone generator, 11 ... Delay vibrato information storage,
12: delay vibrato calculation unit, 13: sound generation channel area, 14: calculation result storage unit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A delay vibrato effect comprising a delay section from the generation of a musical tone to the start of vibrato, a vibrato depth increasing section following the delay section, and a duration section in which the vibrato depth is maintained at a constant value can be added. In the electronic musical instrument, calculating means for calculating a vibrato depth, storage means for storing the vibrato depth calculated by the calculating means, and a vibrato frequency corresponding to the vibrato depth calculated by the calculating means, Frequency adding means for adding to a fundamental frequency, wherein the duration section uses a preset vibrato depth, and the calculating means and the storage means for calculating a vibrato depth corresponding to a subsequent tone. Release, and the later delay vib in the delay section and the increase section of the first delay vibrato When a delay request is generated, a delay vibrato is applied based on the vibrato depth stored in the storage means, and when a subsequent delay vibrato request is generated in the duration of the preceding delay vibrato, the calculation means uses the delay vibrato. An electronic musical instrument configured to apply delay vibrato corresponding to the subsequent delay vibrato request based on the calculated vibrato depth. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein said calculation means is provided for each tone color.